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Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Poppies, May 2022
A photo and description of a cascade of fabric poppies made for Anzac Daynon-fictionA photo and description of a cascade of fabric poppies made for Anzac Dayworld war 1914 - 1918, anzac day -
Orbost & District Historical Society
doilies, first half 20th century
These doilies reflect the needlework skills of women in the first half of the 20th century.Two hand made doilies with crocheted edgings. Both are cream linen with embroidery. 1592.1 has brown stems with green leaves and orange/pink flowers, 1592.2 has a green vase with an orange lily and buds with green leaves.doilies needlework embroidery table-linen handcraft -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Clothing - Shoes, c. 1911
This pair child's or infant's white shoes was worn by Robert Barnard, son of Mrs W N Barnard of Portland, when he was a young child, circa 1911.This pair of infant's shoes is representative of ladies fashion of the early 1910sPair of baby's or child's white linen shoes. Hand-stitched seams, embroidered upper, and top edges are crocheted and tied with pale blue ribbon. Worn by Robert Barnard c. 1911, son of Mrs. W.N. Barnard, Portland.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, mrs w.n. barnard, w.n. barnard of portland victoria, robert barnard, child’s white shoes c. 1911, child’s clothing c 1911, infant's shoes, baby's shoes, baby clothes, baby footwear -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Decapitating hook, Braun's
Most likely collected and donated by Dr Frank Forster.Decapitating hook, Braun's with one detachable handle (to interchange with crochet?) . Stamped near handle, "Lusztig Jeno Budapest" and "1" Also stamped with Aesculapius symbol of serpent, dagger and crown, the Jetter & Scheerer Co, Tuttlinen, South Germany.obstetric delivery, destructive instrument, decapitating hook -
Clunes Museum
Accessory - CROCHET YOKE
CREAM COTTON CROCHET YOKE TO BE ATTACHED TO LADIES NIGHT GOWN, UNDERSKIRT, CHMISE OR CAMISOLE. NO 1 SQUARE NECKLINE BACK AND FRONT - LOOSEAT UNDER ARM NO 2 SQUARE FRONT V SHAPED BACK, JOINED UNDER ARM.local history, costume, female underwear, costumes, handcraft -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Headwear - Lady's boudoir cap, Early 1900s
Simple night caps had been worn by women in the 1800s for practical purposes such as to keep warm at night. In the early 1900s silk boudoir caps became popular to protect hairstyles while sleeping. It was also thought to maintain or even improve the condition of the hair. This boudoir cap was amongst the belongings of the donor's Great Aunts who were both dressmakers at the original Terang & District Co-Op which was established in 1908.Socially this item is significant as an example of women's headwear from the early 1900s. Historically this item holds significance as a possession of the donor’s Great Aunts who worked as dressmakers at the original Terang & District Co-Op established in 1908.The boudoir cap is constructed of cream silk with a pale floral pattern. A cream crocheted border and top insert are attached using hand stitching. The small ruffle is machine stitched. The silk fabric is fragile and has perished in some places.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, boudoir cap, nightcap, female headwear, sleepwear, vintage women's clothing, terang & district co-op -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - CAMISOLE, Late 19th C
Camisole. Cream coloured cotton, cotton crochet lace with short sleeve & top. Square pattern. Pintucks front and back. Square neckline. Front opening with three buttons. Small peplum. Cotton tape tie around waist. .costume, female, underwear -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - CREAM COLOURED COTTON CAMISOLE, Late 19th C
Clothing. Camisole. Cream coloured cotton with crocheted top section with square pattern. Cream coloured ribbon tie around neckline. Front opening with three buttons - all different. Band around lower edge. Cap sleeve. .costume, female, underwear -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Magazine - AUSTRALIAN NEEDLEWORK, 15 October 1931
Magazine, Australian Needlework, Knitting Crochet Etc Published Monthly by Mitchell & Casey Pty Ltd Melbourne Vol 1--- No.4 Price 6d.Melbourne, October 15,1931. 32 pages.Cover is Red ,Black & off white.Price 6 pencePrinted and Published by Mitchell & Casey P/L 25 Tattersail's Lane Melbourne, C1.magazine, organization, melbourne -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Booklet - Patons Knitting Book No.182, Patons & Baldwins Ltd, c1950
Gladys Reed was a member of the Ormond Choral Society c 1950. who performed plays and musicals the City of Moorabbin and she was skilled in hand knitting, crochet and dressmaking. Her garments were used by her family and the Ormond Choral Society . Patons' & Baldwin Ltd began as two separate companies: J & J Baldwin and Partners, founded in the late 1770s by James Baldwin of Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, and John Paton Son & Co., founded in 1814 by John Paton of Alloa, Scotland. The two companies merged in 1920 and diversified into producing wool for home knitters, as well as publishing knitting patterns under the "Patons Rose" and "Baldwins Beehive" trademark. By the mid-1930s, the company had establishments across Scotland and Northern England, Canada, New Zealand, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia.Patons' knitting books have been used by hand knitters in many countries since they were published early in 20thC Gladys Reed and other residents of the City of Moorabbin used these pattern guides to make clothing for their families and community c1940A printed black and white booklet with 31 pages of knitting instructions and photographs c 1940Front Cover ; Patons / Knitting Book / No. 182 / 'Rhumba' See page 14 'Swing" See page 15 / 6d ( decimal = 5cents) Back Cover ; Patons / No. 182 / Knitting Book / 'Fandango ' /See page 17 / 'Tarantella' /See page 18knitting, crochet, craftwork, john paton son & co., baldwin j &j ltd, aloa scotland, launceston tasmania, melbourne, knitting mills, knitting books, coates j&p ltd, early settlers, moorabbin shire, mechanics institute cheltenham, ormond choral society, postworld war 11 settlers, housing estates moorabbin 1950, bentleigh, ormond, moorabbin, cheltenham, drama societies, musical society cheltenham, clark judy, reed gladys, reed george -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Headwear - Clothing, girl's cotton sun-hat, Early 20th century
This girl's white cotton sun-hat has been made at home by a mother determined to get the maximum usage from the garment. The hat has been simply made with a plain crown for the child's day-to-day use. However, the mother has also made a second, very decorative crown, that can be buttoned on and is suitable to be worn on more "dressy" occassions - such as attending Sunday School or on special outings.Early settlers and market gardeners established their families in Moorabbin Shire and this item shows the skill and craftsmanship of the women of these familiesGirl's home-made plain white cotton sun-hat with wide brim. There have been three rows of fine cord sewn at intervals around the circumference of the hat brim to stiffen it. There is also hand crochet decorating the edge of the hat brim. A very decorative "second" hat crown has also been made. This hat crown has hand crocheted lace, and criss-cross seams, and is designed to be buttoned on over the original plain crown to provide a more decorative hat for special occasions, such as when attending Sunday School.clothing, moorabbin, ormond, bentleigh, dressmaking, market gardeners, early settlers, craftwork -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Postcard - PORTRAIT 2 YOUNG CHILDEN, 1926
Postcard, sepia portrait of 2 young children. The first child, being the taller of the two has straight, dark hair in a bob haircut, wearing a crochet top over her clothes, and wearing a braclet on her upper arm and holding something in her left hand. The second child is shorter and younger with fair curly hair, wearing a crochet top over her clothes. Written on back of postcard, Ilma 4 yrs and Dorothy 2 yrs 3 mths. For Aunty Kate 1926. McCrae, The Saunders Studio, John St., Singleton.McCrae, The Saunders Studio, John St., Singleton.photo, group, 2 young girls, photograph, postcard, portrait two young girls, photo taken 1926. -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Clothing - Baby Clothes, c. 1930
This baby dress was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. It is part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. ABOUT THE “W.R.ANGUS COLLECTION” Doctor William Roy Angus M.B., B.S., Adel., 1923, F.R.C.S. Edin.,1928 (also known as Dr Roy Angus) was born in Murrumbeena, Victoria in 1901 and lived until 1970. He qualified as a doctor in 1923 at University of Adelaide, was Resident Medical Officer at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1924 and for a period was house surgeon to Sir (then Mr.) Henry Simpson Newland. Dr Angus was briefly an Assistant to Dr Riddell of Kapunda, then commenced private practice at Curramulka, Yorke Peninsula, SA, where he was physician, surgeon and chemist. In 1926, he was appointed as new Medical Assistant to Dr Thomas Francis Ryan (T.F. Ryan, or Tom), in Nhill, Victoria, where his experiences included radiology and pharmacy. In 1927 he was Acting House Surgeon in Dr Tom Ryan’s absence. Dr Angus had become engaged to Gladys Forsyth and they decided he further his studies overseas in the UK in 1927. He studied at London University College Hospital and at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1928, was awarded FRCS (Fellow from the Royal College of Surgeons), Edinburgh. He worked his passage back to Australia as a Ship’s Surgeon on the on the Australian Commonwealth Line’s T.S.S. Largs Bay. Dr Angus married Gladys in 1929, in Ballarat. (They went on to have one son (Graham 1932, born in SA) and two daughters (Helen (died 12/07/1996) and Berenice (Berry), both born at Mira, Nhill ) According to Berry, her mother Gladys made a lot of their clothes. She was very talented and did some lovely embroidery including lingerie for her trousseau and beautifully handmade baby clothes. Dr Angus was a ‘flying doctor’ for the A.I.M. (Australian Inland Ministry) Aerial Medical Service in 1928 . Its first station was in the remote town of Oodnadatta, where Dr Angus was stationed. He was locum tenens there on North-South Railway at 21 Mile Camp. He took up this ‘flying doctor’ position in response to a call from Dr John Flynn; the organisation was later known as the Flying Doctor Service, then the Royal Flying Doctor Service. A lot of his work during this time involved dental surgery also. Between 1928-1932 he was surgeon at the Curramulka Hospital, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. In 1933 Dr Angus returned to Nhill and purchased a share of the Nelson Street practice and Mira hospital (a 2 bed ward at the Nelson Street Practice) from Dr Les Middleton one of the Middleton Brothers, the current owners of what previously once Dr Tom Ryan’s practice. Dr Tom and his brother had worked as surgeons included eye surgery. Dr Tom Ryan performed many of his operations in the Mira private hospital on his premises. He had been House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1902-1926. Dr Tom Ryan had one of the only two pieces of radiology equipment in Victoria during his practicing years – The Royal Melbourne Hospital had the other one. Over the years Dr Tom Ryan had gradually set up what was effectively a training school for country general-practitioner-surgeons. Each patient was carefully examined, including using the X-ray machine, and any surgery was discussed and planned with Dr Ryan’s assistants several days in advance. Dr Angus gained experience in using the X-ray machine there during his time as assistant to Dr Ryan. When Dr Angus bought into the Nelson Street premises in Nhill he was also appointed as the Nhill Hospital’s Honorary House Surgeon 1933-1938. His practitioner’s plate from his Nhill surgery is now mounted on the doorway to the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, Warrnambool. When Dr Angus took up practice in the Dr Edward and Dr Tom Ryan’s old premises he obtained their extensive collection of historical medical equipment and materials spanning 1884-1926. A large part of this collection is now on display at the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in Warrnambool. In 1939 Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool where he purchased “Birchwood,” the 1852 home and medical practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson, at 214 Koroit Street. (This property was sold in1965 to the State Government and is now the site of the Warrnambool Police Station. and an ALDI sore is on the land that was once their tennis court). The Angus family was able to afford gardeners, cooks and maids; their home was a popular place for visiting dignitaries to stay whilst visiting Warrnambool. Dr Angus had his own silk worm farm at home in a Mulberry tree. His young daughter used his centrifuge for spinning the silk. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time basis as Port Medical Officer (Health Officer) in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940’s when the government no longer required the service of a Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool; he was thus Warrnambool’s last serving Port Medical Officer. (Masters of immigrant ships arriving in port reported incidents of diseases, illness and death and the Port Medical Officer made a decision on whether the ship required Quarantine and for how long, in this way preventing contagious illness from spreading from new immigrants to the residents already in the colony.) Dr Angus was a member of the Australian Medical Association, for 35 years and surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942, He served as a Surgeon Captain during WWII1942-45, in Ballarat, Victoria, and in Bonegilla, N.S.W., completing his service just before the end of the war due to suffering from a heart attack. During his convalescence he carved an intricate and ‘most artistic’ chess set from the material that dentures were made from. He then studied ophthalmology at the Royal Melbourne Eye and Ear Hospital and created cosmetically superior artificial eyes by pioneering using the intrascleral cartilage. Angus received accolades from the Ophthalmological Society of Australasia for this work. He returned to Warrnambool to commence practice as an ophthalmologist, pioneering in artificial eye improvements. He was Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist to Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He made monthly visits to Portland as a visiting surgeon, to perform eye surgery. He represented the Victorian South-West subdivision of the Australian Medical Association as its secretary between 1949 and 1956 and as chairman from 1956 to 1958. In 1968 Dr Angus was elected member of Spain’s Barraquer Institute of Barcelona after his research work in Intrasclearal cartilage grafting, becoming one of the few Australian ophthalmologists to receive this honour, and in the following year presented his final paper on Living Intrasclearal Cartilage Implants at the Inaugural Meeting of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in Melbourne In his personal life Dr Angus was a Presbyterian and treated Sunday as a Sabbath, a day of rest. He would visit 3 or 4 country patients on a Sunday, taking his children along ‘for the ride’ and to visit with him. Sunday evenings he would play the pianola and sing Scottish songs to his family. One of Dr Angus’ patients was Margaret MacKenzie, author of a book on local shipwrecks that she’d seen as an eye witness from the late 1880’s in Peterborough, Victoria. In the early 1950’s Dr Angus, painted a picture of a shipwreck for the cover jacket of Margaret’s book, Shipwrecks and More Shipwrecks. She was blind in later life and her daughter wrote the actual book for her. Dr Angus and his wife Gladys were very involved in Warrnambool’s society with a strong interest in civic affairs. He had an interest in people and the community They were both involved in the creation of Flagstaff Hill, including the layout of the gardens. After his death (28th March 1970) his family requested his practitioner’s plate, medical instruments and some personal belongings be displayed in the Port Medical Office surgery at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, and be called the “W. R. Angus Collection”. This garment is an example of the beautiful handmade clothing produced in Australian homes in the early 20th century. The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Baby clothes, handmade baby dress. Silk, front opening, button and ribbon closure, crochet around edges. Made by Gladys Angus. part of the W.R. Angus Collection. Dress has been made only has one seam in itflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, dr w r angus, dr ryan, surgical instrument, t.s.s. largs bay, warrnambool base hospital, nhill base hospital, mira hospital, flying doctor, baby dress, baby clothes, handmade baby clothes, glenys angus -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Domestic object - Tea Cosy
Tea cosy in the form of a crinoline lady china doll to waist, crochet skirt in colours of green, mauve, pink,yellow, and cream. Green ribbon at back of dress and yellow pom-pom on front of dress. A slit in the skirt for spout and handle.domestic items, table setting, handcrafts, crocheting or crochet work -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Textile - Tray Cloth
White linen rectangular tray cloth. Hand hem stitching around edges and deep border of drawn thread work. Four different woven thread patterns in each corner of thread work. Deep hand made crochet edging.manchester, table linen -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Decorative object - Doily, n.d
Doily, round, curved edges, cream cotton, brown hand crocheted border Brown cross stitch 'frame' with cross stitch flowers in purple, yellow and orange, and lazy daisy stitch flowers in blue. Measures 21 cm in diameter. -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Photograph, Bulmer, 1955 c
Black and white proof of a smiling baby girl lying on a crocheted shawl with her head on a lacy pillow wearing a short sleeved frock decorated with bodice smocking and lacy hem white socks and soft shoes Lakes Entrance Victoriafashion -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Apron, Hand Made, late 19th century to early 20th century
This item is hand made possible by a mother for her daughters. It is hand and machine stitched. This style of aprons / pinafore is attached to the two brown dresses that are also in the collection. This item is very significant for the following reasons. Historic and social - it shows what little girls wore during the early 1900's of the Kiewa Valley. It also shows fashion of the times and how these styles of aprons were made. All which is valuable for research on these topics. There are only a few of these aprons in the collection of the KVSH, and therefore would be very rare. The condition is good enough to display, therefore it has good interpretive capacity.Girls apron or pinafore. White linen with crocheted lace around the edge which is continuous around the skirt, sleeve and neck. The shoulders flaps appears that they should be pinned to the dress beneath, and pinned together at the back of the waist. The apron is manual machine stitchedclothing, girls, children, pinafore, apron, kiewa-valley, alpine-shire -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Domestic object - Tablecloth, 1890s
Item donated anonymously to a teacher of the Australian Lace Guild. The lady who was about 80 years old said the lace originally belonged to her aunt who worked in a dressmakers in Flinders Lane in the 1930s where she acquired the pieces of lace.Cream square tablecloth edged in hand made tape lace with hand crocheted edge. Centre fabric has been replaced with fine organza and lace has been attached by hand. Design is flowers around centre and leaves around the outside.handcrafts, lacemaking -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF A LADY
Small oval head and shoulder portrait of a lady wearing a dark dress with a wide crocheted collar and a brooch at the neck. She has a lacy type of head dress. Photo mounted on dark brown card with the photographer's name printed in red on the back.M. W. Bent, Pall Mallphotograph, portrait, male, portrait of a lady, m w bent -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - BABY'S JACKET
Cream coloured cotton baby's jacket. Cut in one piece. No seams. Round neck. Front opening. Continuous hand crocheted trim around all edges. 14cm X 1cm ribbon ties attached on either side of front opening.costume, children's, baby's jacket -
National Wool Museum
Book, Woollen Crafts from Unspun Fleece
Written by Joyce Hucker, this is one of two books about working with unspun fleece, a skill which she developed greatly. She began working with unspun wool and making dyes from the natural sources from her garden and the farm trees around her. From knitting and croceting articles, she progressed to felting and a 'wrapping' technique, always using unspun wool. She was a successful exhibitor at many craft shows and was always willing to pass on her experience and knowledge to others, often travelling widely to help groups requiring a demonstration.$7.50knitting crochet, hucker, mrs joyce, knitting, crochet -
National Wool Museum
Book, Woollen Crafts from Unspun Fleece Book Two
Written by Joyce Hucker, this is one of two books about working with unspun fleece, a skill which she developed greatly. She began working with unspun wool and making dyes from the natural sources from her garden and the farm trees around her. From knitting and croceting articles, she progressed to felting and a 'wrapping' technique, always using unspun wool. She was a successful exhibitor at many craft shows and was always willing to pass on her experience and knowledge to others, often travelling widely to help groups requiring a demonstration.knitting crochet, hucker, mrs joyce, knitting, crochet -
National Wool Museum
Quilt
The knitter was Vera Neale,1901 - 1990. Married with three children, Vera knitted with one and two ply wool using piano wire or bicycle spokes as needles, entering the garments in agricultural shows. This is one of two quilts used on bunk beds.Quilt knitted by Vera Neale in the 1950s.crochet handicrafts, neale, mrs vera, crochet, handicrafts -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, The Lux Book 1937
This book and a number of others like it were owned by the mother and aunts of the donor, Mrs Dorothy Boyle. They were prolific producers of hand knitted and hand made items of clothing and also knitted and sewed for the armed forces during the Second World War. This book is part of a series and is called "The Lux Book 1937". It contains numerous knitting patterns.The / LUX / BOOK / KNITTING / FOR 1937knitting handicrafts - history crochet, lux, knitting, handicrafts - history, crochet -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Patons Book no. 518: Baby Yarns
This book was owned by the late Dr Elizabeth Kerr and was donated to the Museum by the executor of her estate, Margaret Cameron. It was produced by Coats Patons and contains patterns for baby clothes.Book 518 / PATONS / BABY YARNS / 3 & 4 Ply / 85cknitting handicrafts - history crochet, coats patons (australia) limited, knitting, handicrafts - history, crochet -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Accessory - Irish lace jabot, 1890-1910
One of a group of items including lace and crochet collars, a chid's dress and a wedding dress donated by KHS member, Kathryn (Kate) Gwynne Reeve (nee Marx) that belonged to members of her family. A jabot is a pleated frill of cloth or lace attached down the centre front of a woman's blouse or dress.Irish lace jabot. H 31.5 cm / W 35 cmjabots, lace -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Clothing - Lady's top silk, lace skirt c1930, c1930
This silk top with handmade lace skirt is an example of the dressmaking, crochet and needlework skills of the women of the early settler families in Moorabbin Shire c1930 Gladys Reed was a member of the Ormond Choral Society c 1950. who performed plays and musicals the City of Moorabbin and this top was used by her family c1930This white silk top with hand made lace skirt is an example of the style worn by women in the Shire of Moorabbin c1930 a white silk v neck sleeveless top with hand made lace skirt and fine horizontal pintucks clothing, reed gladys, reed george, clark judy, ormond choral society, haberdashery, crochet, doilies, brighton, moorabbin, pioneers, dressmaking, market gardeners, early settlers, craftwork , bentleigh, lacework, moorabbin shire, hunt ailsa, dairy farms, fruit orchards -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Hughes Knitting Book no. 211
One of a collection of 56 knitting pattern books donated by Mrs Hilma Carruthers. These books had been used by Mrs Carruthers, her mother and her two daughters. This book was produced by F.W. Hughes Ltd and contains knitting patterns for childrens garments.HUGHES / KNITTING BOOK / 1'6 / FWH / SYDNEY / CHILDREN'S DESIGNS / 8-14 YRS. / Featuring / Twinprufe CROCHET, 4-PLY, KwicKnit, / Bulkyknit & Kooba 4-PLY / Book No. / 211 / F.W. HUGHES INDUSTRIES LTD., 30 GROSVENOR STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.handicrafts - history knitting, f.w. hughes industries ltd, handicrafts - history, knitting -
Ballarat Diocesan Historical Commission
Surplice, Bishop's surplice
The surplice is a liturgical vestment in the form of a tunic of white linen or cotton fabric, reaching to the knees, with wide or moderately wide sleeves. The lower segment is usually lace or lace trimmed. In this case it is hand crocheted. Here too the cuffs of the sleeves are lace trimmed backed with red silk to denote the rank of the wearer, in this case a bishop.