The word Gibraltar refers to the Great Siege of Gibraltar by French and Spanish forces, from 1779 to 1783, in support of the American Revolution. It was awarded in 1827 by George IV as a special distinction for the services of four of the old Army Marine regiments (Queen's Own Marines, 1st Marines, 2nd Marines, 3rd Marines) in holding that fortress against determined assaults, despite extreme privation. There are no other battle honours displayed on the colours of the four battalion-sized units of the current Corps. The Latin motto "Per Mare Per Terram" translates into English as "By Sea By Land" describing how the Royal Marines both attack and defend. The fouled anchor, incorporated into the emblem in 1747, is the badge of the Lord High Admiral and shows that the Corps is part of the Naval Service. Per Mare Per Terram ("By Sea By Land"), the motto of the Marines, is believed to have been used for the first time in 1775.Wooden Plaque Royal Marine Commando Gibraltar Royal Marine Commando Gibraltar

Paperback blue cover with red English merchant Navy flag. 74 pagesfictionFrom the 1942 cover: We are proud to announce this book by Frank Laskier, "a sailor, an Englishman," the merchant seaman who gave the ever-memorable postscript after the BBC news on the first Sunday in October. The millions of listeners who heard that deeply moving voice will welcome an opportunity to read many more stories of the war at sea, which Laskier tells with the incomparable vividness of simple truth, and which made him a great broadcast speaker overnight. Laskier sounds, too, the note of victory that will bring a universal response-"Remember what we have been through; remember what we're going through; and fight and fight, and never, never, never, give in!" The publisher of this new edition has included an introduction and explanatory footnotes, as well as an appendix listing the ships mentioned in the book along with their descriptions. First published in 1942 by George Allen & Unwin, Londonfrank laskier, seafarers, sailors, seafaring life, ww2, world war 2, merchant navy, bbc, radio, liverpool, second world war, australia, padre oliver, battle of the atlantic, frank laskier (1912-1949), gunner, log book

The Returned and Services League of Australia (often abbreviated to RSL) is a support organisation for men and women who have served or are serving in the Australian Defence Force (ADF). It was formed as the Returned Sailors and Soldiers Imperial League of Australia in 1916, became the Returned Sailors', Soldiers' and Airmens Imperial League of Australia in 1940, and became the Returned Services League of Australia in 1965. The change to its current name was made in 1990 to reflect the organisation's concern for current as well as former servicemen and servicewomen. The patron of the RSL is Queen Elizabeth II. The current National President of the League is Rear Admiral Ken Doolan, AO RAN (rtd).[2] As of 31 December 2009, the League comprised 186,652 members from 1,306 sub-branches and 5,533 members of the League's women's auxiliary from 381 sub-branches. Membership levels have been declining for at least ten years http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Returned_and_Services_League_of_AustraliaWooden Plaque 15cm x 13cmRSL Australia

Program Bendigo Operatic Society ''The New Moon'' Capital Theatre for Six Nights Opening September 27th, 1963. Producer: Beatrice Oakley - Musical Director: Max O'Loghlen - Ballet Mistress: Miss M. Welch - Society Pianist: Mrs. R. Conolan. Cast in Order of Appearance: Mary Speedy as Julie - Victor White as Monsieur Beaunoir - Desmond Duguid as Captain George Duval - Peter Houston as Vicomte Ribaud - Alfred Annison as Monsieur Fouchet - Leonard Carr as Robert Misson - Fred Trewarne as Alexander - Reginald Boromeo as Jacques - Roger Sprawson as Besac - George Steele as Brunet - Aileen Simmonds as Marianne Beaunoir - Graham Filcock as Doorkeeper of Tavern - Max Rule as Philippe Léntendu - Gertrude Perry as Clotilde Lombaste - Graham Filcock as Admiral De Jean - Erica Scharp as A Dancing Girl - Anne Pearson as A Flower Girl.program, theatre, bendigo operatic society

The golf tournament evolved from the P'boro Power Boat Race. The tournament is still a big event on the Peterborough Golf Club calendar. The Cup records the winners of the actual boat race, including the name of the winning boat and the skipper from 1949 to 1962. The winners were: 1949 Won by Albie Affleck Skipper HT Grimwade. 1950 Won by Lady Emma Skipper DC Moore, 1951 Aunt Spee Skipper A W Moore, 1952 JB Skipper J W Bartlam, 1953. Cynic Skipper HT Grimwade, 1954 Tom Thumb Skipper CR Chirnside, 1955 Nipper Skipper PW Coy, 1956 Typhoon Skipper LG Tabart 1957 Lady Nelson skipper DC Moore, 1958 - 1959 The Sea Moore Skipper F Moore, 1960 Cutty Sark Skipper RA Chirnside, 1961 Sweep Skipper S Joyce, 1962 scum skipper WM HolbeachThis honour board is significant because it records the winners over time of the event, but also because it is a link with the original boat race, which was a major fun event over summer in the town.A shield shaped wooden plaque with a metal scroll at the top and metal engraved shield shape in the centre of the board, surrounded by numerous smaller shield shapes, each engraved with the names of the winners and the date. Also a cup with shield shaped plaques around the base to record the winners.Central plaque inscribed thus: THE SCHOMBERG CUP THE OFFICERS OF THE PPBC 1949 Admiral Desmond C. Moore, Captain Wocca Moore Chief Engineer Andy Chirnside Boson John Wiber Chief Petty Officer (Later Mutinously & illegally self appointed Tinny Grimwade Lieutenant Commander) Ships Cat Tom Austin Master at Arms I Barty (Mr. Bartlam) II Brigadier Tinsley III Mark Howard Sub Lieutenant Gitchie Calvert Jnr Boson II Moyle Breton Chief Writer Jonnie Moore peterborough, golf tournament, the schomberg cup, peterborough golf club

BHS CollectionJohn Brown Fashion News Letter Vol 1, No 2.: A paper newsletter on a white back ground printed in black and tan colour box at the top, 20 x 5.2cm with fashion repeated three times filling the area on the right side. A stylized figure appears on the left hand side with its left leg pointed upwards. Underneath is Vol 1, No.2, Published by John Brown Industries Ltd. 110 Trennery Crescent Abbotsford, Vic. 3067. April 1968, (underlined). Page 1. The article is headed *Admiral Club Afloat* which is a new trade name for knit shirts, that has 300 colours and style combinations. Tricel is a new fibre introduced for the first time in Australia. On the right hand side is a black and white photo of two men wearing Tetoron and Polycott in a contemporary design wearing Bermuda shorts standing on a boat. On the left of the photo is a girl in a bikini top. On page 2 is a report on the increase on imports of knitted garments against local production. Also an article on quality control in Bendigo and a photo showing Mr Frank Harris viewing a fabric through an industrial magnifying glass. Page 3 shows knitwear from *The Admiral Club Range* Second item on page 2 is of The successful Kyneton Mill being established in 1921 bringing employment from the extended district. A photo of an original employee Mr Jim Roberts is at the bottom. Last page is an article top left side is The Welmar Men's Dress Shirt proved very popular and sold out before Christmas. Under that is a photo of the busy pressing room in Bendigo. Bottom left : *Sales Network Expanded* an article on sales covering Brisbane and a new office in Townsville. Top right is an article about Anne Hine an employee of John Brown, runner up of the Miss Victoria Quest enjoying herself in Queensland on the Gold Coast which was part of her prize. A photo of Anne with a dolphin is included. Other topics include *Ten pin Bowling trophy to Victoria* and New President announced*, Mrs Molly Lapsley Retires. Box 116AAssociated World Public Relations Pty Ltd. Printed by Aldine Press.bendigo, industry, john brown knitting mills, john brown industries. mr frank harris. mr jim roberts. michael robinson. welmar plant bendigo. norma gardner. mrs molly lapsley

The motor vessel "Kanimbla" from Mcllwraith, McEacharn Ltd was brand new in 1936 and was used several times for charity balls. "Kanimbla Ball" (Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), Saturday 28 November 1936, page 12) Over 1,000 people were present at a very successful ball given on board the m.v. Kanimbla this week, to aid the funds of the Limbless Soldiers' Association and the Victorian Mission to Seamen. The ship was gaily decorated with balloons and international code flags, while vases of mixed flowers gave charm to the supper tables in dining saloon. His Excel- lency the Governor and Lady Huntingfield attended by Lieutenant A. W. P. Robert-son, were present, and were received by the chairman of the ball committee (Major-General Brand) and Mrs. Brand, Admiral Sir Francis and Lady Hyde, Com- mander and Mrs. Smith, the chaplain of the mission (the Rev. F. L. Oliver), Mr. and Mrs. James Kelso, the president of the Limbless Soldiers' Association (Mr. T. S. Gray) and Mrs. Gray, and the honorary secretary of the ball committee (Mr. C. R. Laragby) and Mrs. Laraghy. Lady Huntingfield wore a becoming gown of copper-red crepe, with a faint silver stripe. and was presented with a bouquet of deep red gladioli.Padre Oliver had a friendly relationship with the captain of the Kanimbla.Digital copy of a colour poster advertising for a ball on board the MV Kanimbla.m.v. kanimbla, ball, mission to seamen, 1936, mcilwraith mceacharn ltd, frank leslie oliver, lord huntingfield, limbless soldiers association

An incomplete diary of an Australian nurse serving in France in 1916. The author is unidentified in the document but after extensive research it is concluded that is by Priscilla Wardle, who left Melbourne on 14 April 1915 on RMS Orontes and served with Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service (QAIMNS) in France. A larger portion of her diary is available from the Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League entries on Victorian Collections. The contents of the diary has been retyped and is in the Word document. The diary shows she was serving at a Casualty Clearing Station (CCS) in Bethune, France in March 1916. She goes on to serve at Wimereux, at the No 8 Stationary hospital. Also possibly at Boulogne. She had a period of rest at Hardelot, a convalescent home for nurses, and also a trip to England and Scotland. She tried to visit the graves of ancestors, such as relatives of 'Grandfather Allan', in the church yard at East Kilbride church. During her nursing experience she mentions being gassed by 'weeping' gas and hearing the sounds of shelling. Also the numbers of operations per month, such as 311 in March 1916. And another day when there were 29 operations in one day. She talks of POWs coming to the hospital. They are treated after the Allied soldiers are looked after. So operations often continued into the night to take care of the Germans. She also mentions removing a piece of shrapnel herself in one operation. She appears to be of a senior rank as she is asked to meet with senior hospital officials and high ranking officers that visit. In particular she mentions a staff surgeon from Admiral Jellicoe's ship the 'Iron Duke'. He visited just after the Battle of Jutland, which was a naval battle fought between Britain's Royal Navy Grand Fleet, under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet, under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer, during the First World War (‎31 May – 1 June 1916). Also being visited by Stan Walker (also from Ballarat) and Lt Brough who was ADC to General Legge. It is possible Stan Walker is Lt (later Captain) Edward Stanley Walker. Lt Brough is believed to be Charles Anthony Brough. She also mentions meeting a Lady Gifford and Madam O'Gorman. She mentions travelling with Captain Newton to London in early December 1916 - she calls him Sauchiehall and Sauchie, both could be nicknames. Capt Newton later becomes Sir Wilberforce Newton, who was serving in the Royal Army Medical Corps on the Western Front between 1915 and 1917. His diaries are held in the University of Melbourne archive. He also left Melbourne on the RMS Orontes on 14 April 1915 (source Trove) and would have known the 14 Victorian nurses that went on to serve with QAIMNS. On 11 December 1915 he mentions trying to see a Sister Loughran at the No. 7 Stationary hospital - which was in Boulogne. Sister Loughran was also on the RMS Orontes. When he was ill he mentions receiving a parcel from two other nurses that were on the Orontes and served with QAIMNS (Madge Donnellan and Margaret Donaldson). Other things that indicate it might be Priscilla Wardle is that from Births Deaths and Marriages Victoria (BDM) she was born in Ballarat, her mother's maiden name was Allan, she had a sister Janet that went by the name of Jean who was married at the time mentioned in the diary (BDM and Trove), Priscilla's mother also died during the time of diary and coincides with the diary entry of the 'death of dear mother'. An article in Trove after Priscilla's return to Australia mentions she was in the areas mentioned in the diary. Also that Priscilla went on to be trained as an anaesthetist to help in the surgeries. It matches the comment in the diary that she was involved in many operations and even allowed to perform a bullet extraction. Finally on seeing the diary held by Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League - it was determined the handwriting matched and this diary is part of the larger diary held there, so is definitely Priscilla Wardle. After the war Priscilla Wardle married Cyril Terrence (Terry) Charles Kirby, an English soldier and they settled in Ballarat and later Melbourne. Terry Kirby became a Legatee in 1929 and transferred to Melbourne Legacy in 1935. He was a well liked, hard working Legatee and worked at Legacy House up to his death in 1967. That is probably how the diary ended up in the building. In May 2021 the pages were returned to descendants of Priscilla so now only electronic copies are in our archive.A valuable first hand account of life as a nurse in World War One. The founders of Legacy all served in World War One and may have known this nurse or been in situations similar to her.Handwritten diary of a nurse from 1916 on 10 pages of notepaper.memoir, world war one, nurse

Christ Church was constructed in 1854-57 and designed in Decorated Gothic style by Albert Purchase & Charles Swyer. It was enlarged in 1874 and 1881 to the designs of Sydney W Smith. It is one of four main buildings constructed on land granted to the Church of England in 1855 and named Church Square. The other buildings are the bishop's residence, vicarage and parish hall. Heritage Victoria describes it as a 'rare and significant square in the history of town planning in Victoria which demonstrates the importance of the church to the community'. It is built from rarely used undressed random coursed sandstone from Point King Sorrento. It is located at 14 Acland Street, St Kilda. The triangular rose window is said to have been modelled on Lichfield Cathedral and shows outstanding craftsmanship. According to Heritage Victoria, the only other known example in Victoria is at St Georges Presbyterian Church in East St Kilda, designed by the same architect, Albert Purchas. The Church has a varied collection of stained glass, including work by leading stained glass firms and artists in Victoria in the nineteenth and early twentieth century: Ferguson & Urie, William Montgomery and Brooks Robinson. The 'shipwreck window,' north west transept, is an historically significant memorial window dedicated to Miles and William Dalzell Nicholson, the second and third sons of the Hon. William Nicholson, M.L.A, a Lord Mayor of Melbourne and Premier of Victoria in the 1850s. Miles, died in England on 27 April 1874. His younger brother William died in the wreck of the ‘British Admiral’ off King Island on 23 May 1874. The images show the condition of the church at the time they were taken (c 2012). Signs of deterioration can be seen. The bell is not rung any more because of damage to the stonework.There has been some remedial work since and the National Trust of Australia conducted a heritage restoration appeal.churches, acland street, purchase, swyer, st kilda, christ church

Sepia photograph of 1900 Bendigo Bowling Club. Group of well dressed men outside a building. Men wearing waistcoats, suits, ties, hats. Four bowls (for playing law bowls) right front of photo. Inscriptions: Card, front - R Dermer Smith, Photo Bull St., Bendigo. Card back - GP88. Stamped 'Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch, 1959, 145)' Paper posted to rear of card. Stamped - 'Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch' Hand written in stamp '1959', '145'. Hand written in blue ink '1900 Bowling Club'. 'M Yates (Bendigo Station Master), F Brown, Roeder (Hotel Athenaeum), Howel (Band Manager), Town Clerk W Honeybone, Jackson Parker, AJ Pearce (Grammar School), Fred Barder, Pascoe, JA Deravin (Dolfe), WHB Neill, Charley Satchell (Solicitor_, Charlie Fly (Grocer), Andrews (Commercial Traveller), MA Bosselman, Mr WJ Jackson Sen, Mr WJ Jackson Jun. (tailors), John Fly (brother of Charles), Dr. Garnet, Dr. Theodore Deravin. (old Grammar School at back of St Andrews about to be demolished). Not Bendigo. Rear Admiral Dr St---dee, 1893.person, group, sports team

Two hand written pages with year dates and what took place at that time. Dates range from 1852 to 1950's. 1950's - mining stopped in Long /G. 1926 - First Teachers training College established. Taylor Horsefields Engineering works - Horsefield a genius. Pioneered local production of compressed air driven roak-drills, specialized in rock bores and drills exported them throughout the world. Harvester - for f/ter in Harvest equipment. 1856 - Anglican School opened held church as well as school. Manchester Arms, Admiral Arms both has pretentious music halls attracted large crowds. 1862 - Ironbark, Long Gully sought annexation by the Municipality of Sandhurst. 1872 - Long Gully Fire Brigade was formed. Keen rivals. 1850 - recognised Chinese camp. ? Long Gully - due to the sinking deeper and the rewards generally richer, became the heart of 'Little Cornwall' - Cornish people. * Tent Church services held in 1862. Long Gully Mine opened April 1852. On the back of the first page is written - Mines - Reefs. mines mentioned are New Chum Hill, the New Chum and Victoria, The Victoria HIll Ironbark, The North Old Chum, Lansell's Big 180, Ballerstadt's Open-Cut, and the Victoria Quartz Mine.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - 1852 to 1950's, first teachers training college, taylor horsefields engineering works, anglican school, manchester arms, admiral arms, municipality of sandhurst, long gully fire brigade, chinese camp, little cornwell, long gully mine

Bendigo Operatic Society ''The Sound of Music'' At the Capital Theatre Bendigo For an Eight Night Season Commencing June 11th, 1975. Producer: mMax Collis - Assistant Producer, Wardrobe and Ballet Mistress: Madge Welch - Stage Manager and Director of Design: Malcom Cannon - Musical Director: Gwen Grose - Society Pianist: Dianna Cohn. Cast in Order of Appearance: Carol McKenzie as Maria Rainer 9A Postulant at Nonnberg Abbey) - Elaine Buckland as Sister Berthe (Mistress of Novice) - Suzanne Fraser as Sister Margaretta (Mistresss of Postulants) - Valerie McCracken as The Mother Abbess - Barbara Potter as Sister Sophia - Fred Trewarne as Captain Georg Von Trapp - Philip Johnston as Franz (The Butler) - Julie Hoebert as Frau Schmidt (The Housekeeper) - Julie Lyon as Liesl - Michael Frayne, Bruce Ashman as Friedrich - Leonie Perry, Carol Bourchier as Louisa - Russell Theodore, Tommy Potter as Kurt - Jacinta Hull, Ann Johnson as Brigitta - Cheryl Wottoon, Andrea Smith as Marta - Suzanne Favaloro, Kristin Bolding as Gretl - Ian Richardson as Rolf Gruber - Sandra Sessions as Elsa Schrader - Gwen Cox as Ursula - Glynn Sessions as Max Detweiler - John Higgs as Herr Zeller - Ray Harding as Baron Elberfeld - Bartina Daws as Baroness Elberfeld - David Castles as Admiral Von Schreiber.program, theatre, bendigo operatic society

The papers in this work are focused on Thomas Brassey (1836-1918) who was born and educated in England. They include the period from 1872 to 1893, just before he accepted the position of Governor of Victori, Australia, in 1895. During that time, he'd won a seat in parliament, which he held for 18 years, and for periods was a civil lord and parliamentary secretary for the Admiralty. He was passionate about the sea and addressed his naval and maritime concerns in public lectures, letters, pamphlets and books. He was also for a time lord-in-waiting to Queen Victoria and president of the Institute of Naval Architects. This book is from Flagstaff Hill's ‘Pattison Collection’, a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, which was founded in Warrnambool in 1853. It was edited by Rear Admiral Sir Sydney Marow Eardley-Wilmot (1847 1929) of the Royal Navy, and published by Longmans, Green and Co. of London, The Longmans, Green and Co. was originally founded in 1724 in London by Thomas Longman under the name Longman. In August of that year, he bought the two shops and goods of William Taylor and set up his publishing house there at 39 Paternoster Row. The shops were called Black Swan and Ship, and it is said that the 'ship' sign was the inspiration for Longman's Logo. After many changes of name and management, the firm was incorporated in 1926 as Longmans, Green & Co. Pty Ltd. The firm was acquired by Pearson in 1968 and was known as Pearson Longman or Pearson PLC. Interestingly, the logo in some books, such as “Steam Turbines 2nd edition, published in 1922” has the year “1724” but the logo in books such as “Advanced Agriculture, published in 1894” has the year “1726” in the logo.The book is significant for publishing historical papers and addresses by Lord Thomas Brassey, former Governor of Victoria before Australia’s Federation. Brassey was passionate about naval and maritime matters in public and government capacities. The work is important for its connection with the publisher Longmans, Green and Co., of London, a firm that has been established for over two centuries, renowned for publishing encyclopedias, dictionaries, books on English grammar, textbooks, poetry, reference books, novels, magazines and more. The book has additional importance for its connection to the Pattison Collection, which, along with other items at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, was originally part of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institutes’ Collection. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and its important role in people's intellectual, cultural and social development throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute’s publication collection is of both local and state significance.Papers and Addresses Naval and Maritime from 1872 to 1893 Vol 1 Author: Lord Brassey Arranged and Edited: Captain S. Eardley-Wilmot Publisher: Longmans Green and Co. Date: 1894 One of a set of six books. Part of the Pattison Collection. Green hardback cover with embossed gold text and label on spine. Inscriptions include a label on the spine, stamp, stickers and black handwriting.Label "PAT 359 BRA" Sicker "Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library" Sticker "Corangamite Regional Library Service" Handwritten pen inscriptions; "(crossed out) G 467 232" and "M" "236" and 7"flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, pattison collection, ralph eric pattison, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, mechanics’ institute library, warrnambool library, free library, corangamite regional library service, longmans green and co., thomas longman, paternoster row london, thomas brassey (1836-1918), lord brassey, earl brassey, governor of victoria, politician, civil lord of the admiralty, publicist, naval affairs, maritime affairs, public lectures, parliamentary addresses, author, lord-in-waiting to queen victoria, president of the institute of naval architects, captain s. eardley-wilmot, papers and addresses, naval and maritime, 1872 to 1893, vol 1

The papers in this work are focused on Thomas Brassey (1836-1918) who was born and educated in England. They include the period from 1871 to 1893, just before he accepted the position of Governor of Victori, Australia, in 1895. During that time, he'd won a seat in parliament, which he held for 18 years, and for periods was a civil lord and parliamentary secretary for the Admiralty. He was passionate about the sea and addressed his naval and maritime concerns in public lectures, letters, pamphlets and books. He was also for a time lord-in-waiting to Queen Victoria and president of the Institute of Naval Architects. This book is from Flagstaff Hill's ‘Pattison Collection’, a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, which was founded in Warrnambool in 1853. It was edited by Rear Admiral Sir Sydney Marow Eardley-Wilmot (1847 1929) of the Royal Navy, and published by Longmans, Green and Co. of London, The Longmans, Green and Co. was originally founded in 1724 in London by Thomas Longman under the name Longman. In August of that year, he bought the two shops and goods of William Taylor and set up his publishing house there at 39 Paternoster Row. The shops were called Black Swan and Ship, and it is said that the 'ship' sign was the inspiration for Longman's Logo. After many changes of name and management, the firm was incorporated in 1926 as Longmans, Green & Co. Pty Ltd. The firm was acquired by Pearson in 1968 and was known as Pearson Longman or Pearson PLC. Interestingly, the logo in some books, such as “Steam Turbines 2nd edition, published in 1922” has the year “1724” but the logo in books such as “Advanced Agriculture, published in 1894” has the year “1726” in the logo.The book is significant for publishing historical papers and addresses by Lord Thomas Brassey, former Governor of Victoria before Australia’s Federation. Brassey was passionate about naval and maritime matters in public and government capacities. The work is important for its connection with the publisher Longmans, Green and Co., of London, a firm that has been established for over two centuries, renowned for publishing encyclopedias, dictionaries, books on English grammar, textbooks, poetry, reference books, novels, magazines and more. The book has additional importance for its connection to the Pattison Collection, which, along with other items at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, was originally part of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institutes’ Collection. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and its important role in people's intellectual, cultural and social development throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute’s publication collection is of both local and state significance.Papers and Addresses Naval and Maritime from 1871 to 1893 Vol 2 Author: Lord Brassey Arranged and Edited Captain S. Eardley-Wilmot Publisher: Longmans Green and Co. Date: 1894 One of a set of six books. Part of the Pattison Collection. Green hardback cover with embossed gold text and label on spine. Inscriptions include a label on the spine, a stamp, stickers and black handwriting.Label: "PAT 359 BRA" Sticker "Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library" Sticker "Corangamite Regional Library Service" Stamp "Warrnambool Free Library" Handwriting on Fly: "(crossed out) G 468 228" and "M" "237" "7"flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, pattison collection, ralph eric pattison, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, mechanics’ institute library, warrnambool library, free library, corangamite regional library service, longmans green and co., thomas longman, paternoster row london, thomas brassey (1836-1918), lord brassey, earl brassey, governor of victoria, politician, civil lord of the admiralty, publicist, naval affairs, maritime affairs, public lectures, parliamentary addresses, author, lord-in-waiting to queen victoria, president of the institute of naval architects, captain s. eardley-wilmot, papers and addresses, naval and maritime, 187 to 1893, vol 2

Charlie Robertson Jnr. Charlie Robertson, a Boort district farmer and trainer-driver, won his first race driving a horse called Black Spot in 1912 when he was 16. He drove many winners in the 1920s and 1930s, some of them trained by his father Charles Snr who had raced horses from the 1890s. He had a top trotter in Fair Admiral, who won the 1929 Victoria Trotters Derby among other races. As his career flourished, Charlie Jnr won with such horses as Lee Voyage, Royal Bronte, Johnnie Bronte, Betty Direct, Bonnie Heather and Leading Style. He was given the Globe Derby stallion New Derby to train by owner Jack King of Quambatook. He travelled to Tasmania and Western Australia with New Derby. In Tasmania in 1935, New Derby won the Hobart and Launceston Cups and in WA in 1936 won two heats of the inaugural Inter Dominion. Among New Derby’s wins were the 1932 and 1933 Ascot £500. He left 147 winners when standing at stud at Quambatook. During World War II one of the few venues for harness racing was Wayville in Adelaide. During this period Charlie made many trips across the border to race. On the commencement of night trotting, Robertson won many at the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds with Something New, Village Derby and Midnight News, New Gold, Canargo and Tennessee Derby. A bad race smash on Tennessee Derby nearly ended Charlie’s life, but he recovered. In the 1960s Charlie stood the stallion Convivial, who provided him with many winners. He retired from race driving aged 68 and died aged 87 after more than 60 years in trotting.Yellow with cream starscharlie robertson, c robertson, charlie robertson jnr, c robertson jnr

An octant is an astronomical instrument used in measuring the angles of heavenly bodies such as the sun, moon and stars at sea in relation to the horizon. This measurement could then be used to calculate the altitude of the body measured, and then the latitude at sea could also be calculated. The angle of the arms of an octant is 45 degrees, or 1/8 of a circle, which gives the instrument its name. Two men independently developed the octant around 1730: John Hadley (1682–1744), an English mathematician, and Thomas Godfrey (1704–1749), a glazier in Philadelphia. While both have a legitimate and equal claim to the invention, Hadley generally gets the greater share of the credit. This reflects the central role that London and the Royal Society played in the history of scientific instruments in the eighteenth and nineteenth century's. There were also two others who are attributed to having created octanes during this period, Caleb Smith, an English insurance broker with a strong interest in astronomy (in 1734), and Jean-Paul Fouchy, a mathematics professor and astronomer in France (in 1732) In 1767 the first edition of the Nautical Almanac tabulated lunar distances, enabling navigators to find the current time from the angle between the sun and the moon. This angle is sometimes larger than 90°, and thus not possible to measure with an octant. For that reason, Admiral John Campbell, who conducted shipboard experiments with the lunar distance method, suggested a larger instrument and the sextant was developed. From that time onward, the sextant was the instrument that experienced significant development and improvements and was the instrument of choice for naval navigators. The octant continued to be produced well into the 19th century, though it was generally a less accurate and less expensive instrument. The lower price of the octant, including versions without a telescope, made it a practical instrument for ships in the merchant and fishing fleets. One common practice among navigators up to the late nineteenth century was to use both a sextant and an octant. The sextant was used with great care and only for lunar sightings while the octant was used for routine meridional altitude measurements of the sun every day. This protected the very accurate and pricier sextant while using the more affordable octant for general use where it performs well. The invention of the octant was a significant step in providing accuracy of a sailors latitude position at sea and his vessels distance from land when taking sightings of land-based landmarks.Octant with metal handle, three different colored shades are attached, in wooden wedge-shaped box lined with green felt. Key is attached. Two telescope eyepieces are in box. Some parts are missing. Oval ink stamp inside lid of box, scale is graduated to 45 degrees. Ink stamp inside lid of box "SHIPLOVERS SOCIETY OF VICTORIA. LIBRARY"instrument, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, octant, navigation, nautical instrument, navigation instrument, john hadley, sextant, astronomical instrument

This document is a reproduction of the page of the log book from the vessel HMS Euryalus, recording Nelson's famous signal at the Battle of Trafalgar. On October 21, 1805, Admiral Lord Nelson led the British Navy to victory against the French and Spanish navies in the Atlantic Ocean. The event became known as the Battle of Trafalgar. To commence the battle Nelson commanded his now-famous flag signal “England expects that every man will do his duty”. Nelson’s signal was transmitted from his ship HMS Victory in 12 separate flag-hoists, according to Sir Home Popham’s Telegraphic Code that had been supplied to the fleet as an experiment, with the numerical flags of the Admiralty official Day Signal book (1799 issue). The signal flags comprised eight that represented whole words and four that represented single letters - [ENGLAND] [EXPECTS] [THAT] [EVERY] [MAN] [WILL] [DO] [HIS] [D] [U] [T] [Y]. Nelson’s signal was received by the ‘reporting frigates’ who would then send them on to the other vessels. The signal was recorded by Captain Henry Blackwood who was in command of the HMS Euryalus. Captain Blackwood led a squadron of frigates, reporting back to Nelson on the movement of the French and Spanish fleets. Nelson’s famous signal was recorded in the log book of Euryalus and repeated to other vessels. The original log book is a canvas-backed manuscript written up from hour to hour during the battle. It is in the Nelson Collection at Lloyd's. Lloyd’s of London is a large insurance company in the United Kingdom. In 1803 Lloyd’s founded the Lloyd’s Patriotic Fund to honour the brave and provide for the wounded and dependents of those killed in major Napoleonic battles. Over the years Lloyd’s has accumulated an assorted collection of artefacts and memorabilia associated with Nelson, including this log book from HMS Euryalus. In 2003 Lloyds created a temporary exhibition to mark the bicentennial of Nelson’s Battle of Trafalgar. The display included key items from the Nelson Collection celebrating Nelson’s role in British Naval History. Lloyd’s now has a department called The Nelson Collection and Heritage Floor where historical artifacts are displayed and the story of Lloyd’s 300 years of history is told. This document, being a reproduction, is not significant in itself. However it's content is of historical significance for its connection to Admiral Nelson and The Battle of Trafalgar. Through the leadership and victory of Nelson, the British obtained the mastery of the seas over the French and Spanish and opened up the way for Britain to colonise many countries including Australia. The document is also associated with a wood sample from Napoleon's ship Victory that is in our Collection.Reproduction of a page of the log book of HMS Euryalus recording Nelson's famous signal at the Battle of Trafalgar. The original log book entry was handwritten, dated 21 Oct 1805.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, log book, flag signal, hms euryalus, nelson's famous signal, battle of trafalgar, october 21, 1805, admiral lord nelson, french and spanish navies, england expects that every man will do his duty, hms victory, sir home popham’s telegraphic code, admiralty official day signal book (1799 issue), reporting frigates, captain henry blackwood, canvas-backed manuscript, nelson collection at lloyd's, lloyd’s of london, lloyd’s patriotic fund, napoleonic battles, british naval history

Helen Malvira Mackenzie (1865-1956) married Charles Ansell Smith (c1861-1934). He was baptised 23 April 1861 in Tintinhull, Somerset - son of William Maxwell & Louisa Claudina Smith (nee Ansell). His father was curate of the church at the time. Helen Malvira (or Malvena) MacKenzie, known as Nellie, was the second daughter of the John Mackenzie J.P., of Westernport, and Wilcannia, N.S.W., and great granddaughter of the late Admiral Pasco, R.N. They lived at 'Devon', 3 Vincent Street from at least 1910 but perhaps earlier until 1915. Charles Ansell and Helen Malvina Smith’s children: 1. Kenneth Ansell – b 1892 d 3 May 1977 at Lancefield SERN 819 Enlisted AIF on 17/8/1914 giving his occupation as book seller Assigned to 8th Battalion, G company Enlisted 17 August 1914 Embarked A24 Benalla on 19 October 1914 Returned to Australia on 23 October 1918 Obituary describes him as eldest child of the late Charles Ansell & Helen M Smith of Surrey Hills and Lancefield. 2. Stanley Charles – b 1893 (Carlton) - lived Surrey Hills 3. Dorothy Louisa – b 1894 - 1988 4. Harold Maxwell Pasco – b 1897 Oakleigh SERN 3268 Educated Surrey Hills State School Religion Cof E Occupation: Clerk Served with 48th Infantry CMF, Kooyong Enlisted 23 July 1915 – parents living at Vincent Street at the time Assigned to 24th Battalion, 7th Reinforcement Embarked HMAT A73 Commonwealth on 26 November 1915 KIA 4 October 1917 at Passchendaele, Ypres No known grave. Parents at ‘Cloverdale’, Lancefield 5. Francis W D (Frank) – b 1898 – 1972 Obituary: Frank (FWD) Smith on Feb 14 (suddenly) Francis Wm Douglas Smith, son of Charles Ansell & Helen M (Surrey Hills & Lancefield) and brother of Kenneth (Lancefield), Dorothy (Mrs Cromwell), Harold (KIA) Roy & Stanley. 6. Roy MacKenzie – b 1901 – 1988 m Ruby Olive Laity in 1931 So, the children were all born before the family came to Surrey Hills but Vincent Street was where they grew up. Charles and Helen are buried in Box Hill Cemetery (CE-NS-1266) Comment: An early example of a 'traditional' wedding dress.B&W bridal studio portrait of Mrs Helen Malvira Smith in a traditional wedding dress. weddings, wedding dresses, helen malvira mackenzie, helen malvira smith, kenneth ansell smith, stanley charles smith, dorothy louisa smith, harold maxwell pasco smith

This Trotman’s pattern stock anchor is the southernmost anchor on display at Flagstaff Hill’s Anchor Graveyard. This large Trotman design anchor was patented in 1852 by John Trotman and was widely used on merchant ships. On April 15th 2001 around midday this anchor was raised from the seabed of Lady Bay, Warrnambool, by the crew from Birdon Dredging, who had been hired to dredge the Harbour. The spokesperson Steve Walker, who worked for the firm, said that the anchor and long chain were found after the chain became tangled in the cutter blade of the dredging equipment. The anchor was lifted from the water and onto the Breakwater then a front-end loader placed it onto a truck that then delivered it to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum & Village. Howard Nichol, Museum Manager at the time, had estimated the anchor to be up to 130 years old. The previous Museum Manager, Peter Ronald, who was also a diver, had identified the anchor as a Trotman’s type and similar to those used on some of the major wrecks in the region. According to Nicholl, Museum staff believed it was possible that the anchor is one of two used as a mooring line that had been used to catch driving vessels and prevent ships from washing aground on the sand bar. The mooring line was shown as a dotted line on the 1890 chart of Lady Bay, approved by Lieutenant Stanley of the British Admiralty. by Lieutenant Stanley [British Admiralty]. The location of the anchor corresponds to a point on that map and the length of the chain supports that theory. “The map is quite a detailed survey of the Bay and it shows two anchors with buoys on the ends with probably about 100 yards of chain stretched between them. The ships would drop anchor and was the chain as a snag because this was a treacherous bay before the Breakwater was built and this was a way to eliminate that problem, "said Nichol. The mooring chain was put in place to catch drifting vessels during wild stormy weather. It was identified. ABOUT TROTMAN’S ANCHORS- The British Admiralty wanted an anchor design that had more holding power. The Committee of 1852 on Anchors was appointed to assess and report on the qualities of various anchors including Trotman’s anchors. Trotman’s pattern anchor received the highest score. The anchor is similar to the Admiral’s design but features arms that pivot when the anchor settles and the upper fluke moves to rest against the shank. The anchor then sits lower, which in turn greatly reduces the chances of the anchor’s chain, cable or rope getting tangled. The top of the shank has a fitting that allows a quick release of the anchor’s chain if this becomes necessary. This Trotman’s anchor is significant as a part of the maritime history of the Port of Warrnambool regardless of whether it belonged to one of the 29 ships that were stranded or wrecked in Lady Bay. The anchor is connected to the many attempts to maintain Warrnambool as a safe and manageable port, including the various plans for the construction of the Breakwater.Anchor: an iron Trotman’s pattern style with a rectangular-section shank that is wider in the middle and has a base that extends on two opposite sides in a ‘fork prong’ manner. A crescent-shaped, double-ended arm is fitted into the base of the shank with a bolt, enabling it to pivot. Each arm has a fluke in the shape of an upward palm with an attached metal plate that forms a horn at the back of the palm. A long, round-section pipe is fitted to the top of the shank at 90 degrees to the arms; one side has an elbow bend parallel to the arms, and both ends have an attached metal sphere. The pivoting ring at the top of the shank can be lifted for a quick release of the chain.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, anchor, mooring, trotman, lady bay, breakwater, admiralty, ship equipment, stock anchor, john trotman, 1852 patent, 2001, birdon dredging, steve walker, howard nichol, peter ronald, british admiralty, lieutenant stanley, committee of 1852 on anchors

This journal provides the reader with glimpses of the adventures and hardships of a seaman's life. Many of the stories are of sailing ships.Contributes to our knowledge of the importance of shipping and places on record those stories of the sea which would otherwise be lost.Contents Foreword - 13 Editorial - 15 The Quincentenary of the Pioneer Prince Henry of Portugal - Sylvia Seeley - 19 Bayside Windjammers - Captain H. R. Watson -29 A Pair of Sea Boots - Y. Helberg - 37 The Polar Ship “Farm” - Toralv Duus Lorentzen - 39 The Mahogany Ship - J. MacKenzie - 50 Out of the Past - - 58 Extracts from the Petrel Papers - N. Wellbury - 68 Whiskers - Fred B. Duncan - 76 Unhappy Passage - - 87 Ship Knocks a Lighthouse Over - Vernon Smith - 92 The Log of the “Padua” - Captain H. Piening - 94 The End of the S.S. “Riverina” - H. A. Bull - 101 Shipwreck on the Round Pond - J. M. Mackie - 102 An Unsolved Mystery of the Sea - N. Bainbridge Fuller - 104 Working Your Passage — 1849 - Captain W. E. Eglen - 106 “Georgette” Plaque Unveiled - N. B. Fuller - 108 Sealers and Castaways - Captain Harry O’May - 112 Sailings Hips and the City Shipbrokers Celebrate Centenary - - 114 War Without Tears - F. B. Finch - 118 Operation Co-operation - S. I. Hill, C.B.E., M.R.I.N.A. - 128 Denizens of the Australian Bight - J. Merriman - 130 German Battleship “Admiral Graf Spec” - - 132 Grog - J. Scrafton - 135 Book Reviews - - 136sailing ships, steamships, shipping, seafaring life, shiplovers' society of victoria, dog watch

This journal provides the reader with glimpses of the adventures and hardships of a seaman's life. Many of the stories are of sailing ships.Contributes to our knowledge of the importance of shipping and places on record those stories of the sea which would otherwise be lost.Contents Foreword - - 5 Editorial - - 7 Sail Training in Australia - - 9 The Original Lady Nelson, Her Story - - 13 The Marine Superintendent - R.N. Thiele - 21 Pictures - Captain W.T. Howell - 23 Memories of a Master under Sail - Late Captain William Philip - 27 Sail Training in New Zealand - - 29 Living Our Dreams - Valerie K. Watts - 31 Sketch of a Sea Voyage — New York to Melbourne 1859 - Morgan Hayden - 35 Glasgow to Melbourne in the S.V. Wacousta - Harriet Louise King - 39 The Padre - A. Roland Jones - 43 The Quirks of Fate - W.S. McCutchen - 51 A Good Day’s Sailing - W.P. Shemmeld - 55 Salvage of the Zeung San - Richard J. Jolly - 61 H.M.S. Tartar — My First Destroyer - Rear Admiral Sir Brian Murray K.C.M.G., A.O., K.ST.J. - 65 They take you out to Sea and Train you for Life - R. Johnson - 71 The Rescue of the 1902 Swedish Antarctic Expedition by A.R.A. Uraguay - - 75 The Voyage of the Jane Richardson — Part 1 - Late E. Binham - 77 The Hypnotist - Ron Wayling - 83 Museum on Course, Stemming a Slight Set; E.T.A. Delayed - - 93 Book Reviews - - 99 Paddle Wheelers Memories of a Bygone Fleet - Late H.R. Watson - 101 Murphy and the Bosun - L.P. McArthur - 105 Ten Days Before the Mast - Author Name to come - 107sailing ships, steamships, shipping, seafaring life, shiplovers' society of victoria, dog watch

Mr Charles Ansell Smith of 3 Vincent Street with his family – Roy, Stan and Frank Smith and Dorothy (Mrs Cromwell). Photo is without Kenneth or Harold so possibly taken during WW1; Kenneth enlisted in 1914, Harold in 1915 and killed in 1917. The boys went to Surrey Hills State School and Dorothy to Milverton Girls School, first at 192 Union Road, it later moved to ‘Nilgard’, 221-223 Union Road. Helen Malvira Mackenzie (1865-1956) married Charles Ansell Smith (c1861-1934) in 1891. He was baptised 23 April 1861 in Tintinhull, Somerset - son of William Maxwell & Louisa Claudina Smith (nee Ansell). His father was curate of the church at the time. Helen Malvira (or Malvena) MacKenzie, known as Nellie, was the second daughter of the John Mackenzie J.P., of Westernport, and Wilcannia, N.S.W., and great granddaughter of the late Admiral Pasco, R.N. They lived at 'Devon', 3 Vincent Street from at least 1910 but perhaps earlier until 1915. Charles Ansell and Helen Malvina Smith’s children: 1. Kenneth Ansell – b 1892 d 3 May 1977 at Lancefield SERN 819 Enlisted AIF on 17/8/1914 giving his occupation as book seller Assigned to 8th Battalion, G company Enlisted 17 August 1914 Embarked A24 Benalla on 19 October 1914 Returned to Australia on 23 October 1918 Obituary describes him as eldest child of the late Charles Ansell & Helen M Smith of Surrey Hills and Lancefield. 2. Stanley Charles – b 1893 (Carlton) - lived Surrey Hills 3. Dorothy Louisa – b 1894 - 1988 4. Harold Maxwell Pasco – b 1897 Oakleigh SERN 3268 Educated Surrey Hills State School Religion Cof E Occupation: Clerk Served with 48th Infantry CMF, Kooyong Enlisted 23 July 1915 – parents living at Vincent Street at the time Assigned to 24th Battalion, 7th Reinforcement Embarked HMAT A73 Commonwealth on 26 November 1915 KIA 4 October 1917 at Passchendaele, Ypres No known grave. Parents at ‘Cloverdale’, Lancefield 5. Francis W D (Frank) – b 1898 – 1972 Obituary: Frank (FWD) Smith on Feb 14 (suddenly) Francis Wm Douglas Smith, son of Charles Ansell & Helen M (Surrey Hills & Lancefield) and brother of Kenneth (Lancefield), Dorothy (Mrs Cromwell), Harold (KIA) Roy & Stanley. 6. Roy MacKenzie – b 1901 – 1988 m Ruby Olive Laity in 1931 So, the children were all born before the family came to Surrey Hills but Vincent Street was where they grew up. Charles and Helen are buried in Box Hill Cemetery (CE-NS-1266) Stan Smith was most helpful to the History group of the S.H. Neighbourhood Centre with his research into S.H. History and in particular for the vast amount of detail he gave on people and happenings. His observations have been very accurate and he has very precise recollections of the old days. A black and white photograph of 3 young men, a lady and an older man. The men are dressed in suits and the lady in a below-the-knee dress. The young men are carrying hats whilst the older one is wearing his.(mr) charles ansell smith, (mr) roy smith, (mr) stan smith, (mr) frank smith, (mrs) dorothy cromwell, (miss) dorothy smith, milverton girls school, union road, surrey hills, nilgard, francis william douglas smith, stanley charles smith, roy mackenzie smith

This journal provides the reader with glimpses of the adventures and hardships of a seaman's life. Many of the stories are of sailing ships.Contributes to our knowledge of the importance of shipping and places on record those stories of the sea which would otherwise be lost.Contents Foreword - His Excellency Rear Admiral Sir Brian Murray, K.C.M.G., A.O., K.St.J. - 5 Editorial - Joyce M. B. Lambert - 7 Thirty Years at Garden Island - Illingworth Mackay - 11 Swedish Christmas in New Guinea Waters - Joyce M. B. Lambert - 26 A Gentlemen's Disagreement - Capt. W. Sheffield-Williamson - 34 Around the Horn in "Falls of Clyde" - Capt. Frederick S. Moody, Jnr. - 37 Off the Beaten Track - Mrs. Mary Mithassel - 46 Greek Determination - W. P. Shemmeld - 51 Wharf Cats and Psychology - J.M.B.L. - 56 The Sailor's Wife - C. E. Bonwick - 57 The Dog Watch -- A Tribute to S. A. E. Strom - C. E. - - 58 Behind the Scenes of Captain's Courageous - Capt. Fred Klebingat - 63 Human Error - R. N. Thiele -66 Pay Up - Alex Duffield - 70 Letters from the Barque "Garthneill" Apprentice Colin Goss - 73 Drake and his Treasure - Captain R. G. Edwards - 82 The Story of Two Dogs - Captain Laurie Gibson - 87 Adventure and Misadventure - K. S. Bull - 93 Moonstruck - Captain P. J. Elsey - 96 Confirmation of the Flood? - Doctor J. C. Anderson - 98 The "Scottish Glens" - Captain W. J. Cowling - 100 'Couta Boats at the "Cliff" - Tim Phillips - 107 "Marco Polo" - Extracts - 111 Sailors at Westminster Abbey - E. Harper - 115 Book Reviewssailing ships, steamships, shipping, seafaring life, shiplovers' society of victoria, dog watch

The discovery of the first telescope in 1608 can be attributed to Hans Lippershey of the Netherlands when he discovers that holding two lenses up some distance apart bring objects closer. He applies for a patent on his invention and this becomes the first documented creation of a telescope. Then in 1668, Newton produces the first successful reflecting telescope using a two-inch diameter concave spherical mirror. This opened the door to magnifying objects millions of times far beyond what could ever be obtained with a lens. It wasn’t until 1729 that Chester Moor Hall develops an achromatic lens (two pieces of glass with different indices of light refraction combined produce a lens that can focus colours to almost an exact point resulting in much sharper images but still with some distortion around the edges of the image. Then in 1729 Scottish instrument maker James Short invents the first parabolic and elliptic, distortion-less mirror ideal for reflecting telescopes. We now come to John Dollond who improves upon the achromatic objective lens by placing a concave flint glass lens between two convex crown glass lenses. This had the effect of improving the image considerably. Makers Information: John Dollond (1707-1761) London England he was a maker of optical and astronomical instruments who developed an achromatic (non-colour distorting) refracting telescope and practical heliometer. A telescope that used a divided lens to measure the Sun’s diameter and the angles between celestial bodies. The son of a Huguenot refugees Dollond learned the family trade of silk weaving. He became proficient in optics and astronomy and in 1752 his eldest son, Peter joined his father in an optical business, in 1753 he introduced the heliometer. In the same year, he also took out a patent on his new lenses. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in May 1761 but died suddenly in November and his share in the patent passed to his son Peter. In subsequent squabbles between Peter and the many London opticians who challenged his patent, Peter’s consistent position was that, whatever precedents there may have been to his achromatic lenses, his father had independently reached his practical technique on the basis of his theoretical command of Newtonian optics. As a result of maintaining his fathers patent, Dollond s became the leading manufacturer of optical instruments. For a time in the eighteenth and nineteenth century the word 'Dollond' was almost a generic term for telescope rather like 'Hoover; is to vacuum cleaner. Genuine Dollond telescopes were considered to be amongst the best. Peter Dollond (1731-1820) was the business brain behind the company which he founded in Vine Street, Spitalfields in 1750 and in 1752 moved the business to the Strand London. The Dollonds seem to have made both types of telescopes (reflecting and refracting), possessing the technology to produce significant numbers of lenses free of chromatic aberration for refracting telescopes. A Dollond telescope sailed with Captain Cook in 1769 on his voyage to observe the Transit of Venus. Thomas Jefferson and Admiral Lord Nelson were also customers of the Dollonds. Dollond & Co merged with Aitchison & Co in 1927 to form Dollond & Aitchison, the well-known high street chain of opticians, now fully part of Boots Opticians. They no longer manufacture but are exclusively a retail operation.    John Dollond's experiments in optics and how different combinations of lenses refract light and colour gave a better understanding of the divergent properties of lenses. That went on to inform and pave the way for the improvement of our understanding of optics that are represented today. Dollond was referred to in his time as the "Father of practical optics" as a leader in his field he received many prestigious awards. The telescope in the collection is a good example of one of Dollonds early library telescopes and its connection with one of England's 18th-century pioneers in optical development is in itself a significant and an important item to have within the collection. One tube ships day & Night Telescope brass inner tube with timber main tube covered in leather. Unavailable to inspect Inscriptions to determine authenticity.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, telescope, dolland, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, royal national life boat institution

This Dollond Day or Nigh telescope was designed to be used in any light conditions, as its name implies. Telescopes are optical instruments designed to make objects appear to be larger or closer. The discovery of the first telescope in 1608 can be attributed to Hans Lippershey of the Netherlands when he discovers that holding two lenses up some distance apart bring objects closer. He applies for a patent on his invention and this becomes the first documented creation of a telescope. Then in 1668, Newton produces the first successful reflecting telescope using a two-inch diameter concave spherical mirror. This opened the door to magnifying objects millions of times far beyond what could ever be obtained with a lens. It wasn’t until 1729 that Chester Moor Hall develops an achromatic lens (two pieces of glass with different indices of light refraction combined produce a lens that can focus colours to almost an exact point resulting in much sharper images but still with some distortion around the edges of the image. Then in 1729 Scottish instrument maker James Short invents the first parabolic and elliptic, distortion-less mirror ideal for reflecting telescopes. We now come to John Dollond who improves upon the achromatic objective lens by placing a concave flint glass lens between two convex crown glass lenses. This had the effect of improving the image considerably. Makers Information: John Dollond (1707-1761) London England he was a maker of optical and astronomical instruments who developed an achromatic (non-colour distorting) refracting telescope and practical heliometer. A telescope that used a divided lens to measure the Sun’s diameter and the angles between celestial bodies. The son of a Huguenot refugees Dollond learned the family trade of silk weaving. He became proficient in optics and astronomy and in 1752 his eldest son, Peter joined his father in an optical business, in 1753 he introduced the heliometer. In the same year, he also took out a patent on his new lenses. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in May 1761 but died suddenly in November and his share in the patent passed to his son Peter. In subsequent squabbles between Peter and the many London opticians who challenged his patent, Peter’s consistent position was that, whatever precedents there may have been to his achromatic lenses, his father had independently reached his practical technique on the basis of his theoretical command of Newtonian optics. As a result of maintaining his fathers patent, Dollond s became the leading manufacturer of optical instruments. For a time in the eighteenth and nineteenth century the word 'Dollond' was almost a generic term for telescope rather like 'Hoover; is to vacuum cleaner. Genuine Dollond telescopes were considered to be amongst the best. Peter Dollond (1731-1820) was the business brain behind the company which he founded in Vine Street, Spitalfields in 1750 and in 1752 moved the business to the Strand London. The Dollonds seem to have made both types of telescopes (reflecting and refracting), possessing the technology to produce significant numbers of lenses free of chromatic aberration for refracting telescopes. A Dollond telescope sailed with Captain Cook in 1769 on his voyage to observe the Transit of Venus. Thomas Jefferson and Admiral Lord Nelson were also customers of the Dollonds. Dollond & Co merged with Aitchison & Co in 1927 to form Dollond & Aitchison, the well-known high street chain of opticians, now fully part of Boots Opticians. They no longer manufacture but are exclusively a retail operation.    John Dollond's experiments in optics and how different combinations of lenses refract light and colour gave a better understanding of the divergent properties of lenses. That went on to inform and pave the way for the improvement of our understanding of optics that is represented today. Dollond was referred to in his time as the "Father of practical optics" as a leader in his field he received many prestigious awards. The telescope in the collection is a good example of one of Dollond's early library telescopes. Its connection with one of England's 18th century pioneers in optical development makes it a significant and an important item to have within the collection.Telescope: Dollond's Telescope, Day or Night model navigational instrument. Telescope is mounted on wooden tripod stand that has folding legs. Brass telescope with leather sheath over barrel, adjustable angle fitting with brass wing nuts that join the legs to the top frame, which is then joined to the telescope pole by an adjustable screw fitting. Manufactured by Dollond, London. Inscription reads "Dollond London, Day or Night" and "DOLLOND LONDON"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, telescope, dollond, dollond london, day & night telescope, floor-standing telescope, optical instrument, john dollond, peter dollond, achromatic telescope, heliometer, light refraction, instrument maker, lens, transit of venus, astronomical telescope, concave lens, library telescope, dollond telescope, day or night, day or night telexcope, scientific instrument, navigation, navigational instrument, astronomy

Original Ships History: Aréthuse was a French frigate, launched in 1757 during the Seven Years War between England and France. She was captured by the Royal Navy in 1759 and became the fifth-rate HMS Arethusa. She remained in Royal Navy service for twenty years until she was wrecked after being badly damaged in battle. The ship was constructed at Le Havre for privateer warfare as ”Pélerine” and soon after her launch, she was purchased by King Louis XV (1710-1774) and commissioned as Aréthuse on 21 January 1758. In June, under captain Vauquelin, she sailed through the British blockade of Louisbourg helping to defend the site before departing, again forcing the blockade. On 18 May 1759, she was in transit from Rochefort to Brest, under the command of Louis-Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis of Vaudreuil, when she was intercepted near Audierne Bay (Baie d'Audierne) by three Royal Navy ships the Thames, Venus and Chatham. She attempted to escape but after two hours, lost her topmasts and was overtaken by her pursuers. Thames and Venus engaged her with heavy fire, causing 60 casualties before the vessel surrendered. She entered service with the Royal Navy for the rest of the war, and was in service in British home waters and became responsible for the capture of several French privateer cutters. In 1777, a Scotsman James Aitken, widely known as John the Painter, was hanged from her mizzenmast for burning the Rope House at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard on 7 December 1776, to aid the struggle of American independence. The mast was struck from the ship and re-erected at the dockyard entrance so as many people as possible could watch the execution. On 17 June 1778, she fought a famous duel against the French 36-gun frigate, Belle Poule. Belle Poule was on a reconnaissance mission, along with the 26-gun Licorne, the corvette Hirondelle and the smaller Coureur when she encountered a large British squadron that included Arethusa at a point 37 km south of The Lizard. Admiral Keppel, commanding the British fleet ordered that the French ships be pursued. The captain of Belle Poule refused the order to sail back to the British fleet. The British fired a warning shot across his ship's bow, to which he responded with a full broadside. This action began a furious, two-hour battle between the two ships that resulted in the deaths of the French second captain and 30 of the crew. However, Arethusa was crippled by the loss of a mast and withdrew, allowing Belle Poule to escape. This battle was the first between British and French naval forces during the American Revolutionary War and took place around three weeks before France had made a formal declaration of war. The battle was widely celebrated in France as a victory, even inspiring a hair-style in court circles that included a model of Belle Poule. It was also viewed as a victory in Britain and became the subject of a traditional Sea shanty, The Saucy Arethusa. On 18 March 1779, under captain Charles Holmes Everitt, Arethusa engaged the French Aigrette, under Lieutenant Mortemart, sustaining considerable damage in the fight. Arethusa was wrecked the next day off Ushant, It was the fame of this Arethusa which induced the Royal Navy, during the following two centuries, to bestow the name on a further seven consecutive individual ships and two consecutive classes of cruisers. (See Provenance Sec this document for information on the makers of this model). Model ship of the 3 masted frigate the “Arethusa”, model is painted black and white with varnished deck and masts. A British flag is flown at the stern. The ship is displayed in a glass case with timber frame and 4 legged stand.Label at bottom of glass case, printed in black script on a gold strip “Model of the “Arethusa" "A famous frigate, taken from the French by the British, on the 18th of May 1759 and lost on the French coast in 1779. – Made and presented by G. Lance & P. Diggins, October 1894” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, arethusa ship model, george lance, peter diggins, len asling, warrnambool art gallery, warrnambool exhibition, message in a bottle

This journal provides the reader with glimpses of the adventures and hardships of a seaman's life. Many of the stories are of sailing ships. PS Etona was built in 1898 at Milang, South Australia as a missionary church steamer for the Church of England. The Etona's run was from Mannum, South Australia, where she was based up to Renmark. As churches were built in river tower she was no longer required and in 1912 she was sold to Captain Arch Conner who used her as a fishing steamer at Boundary Bend for many years. She was brought out of retirement during the 1956 floods to do trips up the Murrumbidgee River. She was eventually bought by interest in Echuca and restoration was commenced in 1962. The Etona, now fully restored with her original steam engine can now be seen moored along side the historic wharf at Echuca.Contributes to our knowledge of the importance of shipping and places on record those stories of the sea which would otherwise be lost.Contents Foreword - G. F. Tilley - 5 The "Etona" - H. Vaughan Evans - 6 Editorial - Russell Hemingway - 11 The Old Lady Of The River - Captain J. Gaby - 19 "Takapuna" Interlude On A Moonless Night - E. Harper - 31 Maritime Museum of Tasmania - J. Miller - 34 The Confederate Raiders "Florida" and "Alabama" - A. R. Osmond - 36 "Ease After War . . . Doth Greatly Please" - Captain W. J. Cowling - 44 Mutiny At Sea - P. R. Wilkins - 49 War Service In The Indian Ocean - H. Mossman - 51 Cape Horn - Captain Eino Koivistoinen - 57 "Tragedy of Loss" - Jonathan john - 61 The End of The "Queen Elizabeth" - Bradley J. Newell - 62 London Could Cope With Him - Dr. Stanislaw Bernatt - 68 Three Ships Canals - N. S. Smith - 69 The Loss Of The "Eyoshi Maru" - Captain M. B. Glasier - 77 A Small Consignment But Valuable - J. B. Hodgson - 85 Lowden and The "Candida" - D. R. Rickard - 87 "Lauriston" Sails On - F. W. Rudd - 89 Confusion of Identities, "Young Australian", "Young Australia" and "Carl" - J. M. MacKenzie - 93 Rescue from "Clarissa", 1957 - Captain Leif Asklund - 97 Journey Home - Captain W. E. Eastoe - 100 Disaster At Blanket Bay - J. K. Loney - 104 The End Of The "Antiope" - Captain Bruce Bell - 106 The "Great Britain" - C. E. Bonwick - 108 Search The Coast To Shark Bay - Rear-Admiral Charles Adair U.S.N. - 110 The "Polly Woodside" Family - Rev. H. W. Coffey - 121 Book Reviews - 123sailing ships, steamships, shipping, seafaring life, shiplovers' society of victoria, dog watch, murray river, paddlesteamers, echuca, etona, ps etona

This photograph is a copy displayed in the Australian Dictionary of Biography. The original photograph is in the La Trobe Collection in the State Library of Victoria. William Henry Gaunt (1830-1905), judge, was born on 27 July 1830 at Leek, Staffordshire, England, son of John Gaunt, banker, and his wife Mary, née Bakewell. Educated at Leek Grammar School and Whitchurch, Salop, he migrated to Melbourne, and entered the Victorian public service and was rapidly promoted. By March 1854 he was chief clerk at Beechworth, the administrative centre of the Ovens goldfield. In July 1855 the resident warden commended Gaunt as 'a highly valuable public servant' with an intimate knowledge of the district and the 'temper and disposition of the miners'. Appointed sub-warden in the Beechworth district in January 1856 and a Chinese protector in August, he was given control of the extensive Woolshed district. When European miners attacked a party of Chinese at the Buckland River diggings in May 1857 Gaunt was sent to restore order. One of his proclamations, issued in Chinese characters, concluded 'W. H. Gaunt, your protector—tremble and obey!' In June he was appointed a police magistrate and next month was sent to take charge at the Buckland where the Chinese had been expelled from the diggings; the police force assisting him was led by Robert O'Hara Burke. In January 1858 Gaunt was appointed a warden, in November was transferred to Chiltern, north of Beechworth, and in August 1859 was made a commissioner of crown lands. In February 1860 Gaunt was appointed a coroner of Victoria, acting at Indigo, near Chiltern. In April 1865 he was transferred to Beechworth, became visiting justice of the gaol and later moved to Sandhurst. In January 1869 he was appointed returning officer for the mining district of Ballarat and visiting justice of the gaol. He was associated with this area for the rest of his life and won high repute for his integrity. In 1874 he chaired the inaugural meeting of the first Australian competitive swimming club. For years he studied law and was called to the Bar in December 1873. He was one of the many public servants dismissed by Graham Berry on 9 January 1878 (Black Wednesday). After petitioning the Queen in vain over his dismissal he began practice in Ballarat as a barrister. He soon became a leading authority on mining laws; one of the cases in which he was involved was the lengthy inquest on the bodies of the twenty-two miners drowned in the New Australasian mine disaster at Creswick in 1882. He was appointed a temporary judge of the Insolvency Court in 1889 and a County Court judge in 1891. In 1900 he was chairman of the royal commission which considered Metropolitan Board of Works matters, and in 1902 was president of the inquiry into the unification of municipalities in Victoria. In 1860 Gaunt married Elizabeth Mary, the youngest daughter of Frederick Palmer; they had nine children. Of the surviving five sons and two daughters, Ernest Frederick Augustus and Guy Reginald Archer both became admirals and were knighted; Cecil Robert became a lieutenant-colonel, Clive Herbert a government advocate in Rangoon and Mary (Mrs H. L. Miller) one of the first women students to enrol at the University of Melbourne (1881), although she did not complete her degree; she became a successful novelist. Gaunt died on 5 October 1905. An anonymous colleague said: 'I don't think he was ever excelled as a police magistrate, and during the many years he was on the County Court bench he earned the highest regard. His capacities were as unquestioned as his integrity, and more could not be said of any judge'. Select Bibliography Votes and Proceedings (Legislative Assembly, Victoria), 1878, 3, (58) Government Gazette (Victoria), 22 Feb, 15 Aug 1856, 30 June 1857, 5 Jan 1858, 16 Aug 1859, 3 Feb 1860, 7 Mar, 11 Oct 1862, 28 Mar, 4 Apr 1865, 17 May 1867, 9 June 1868, 22, 29 Jan 1869 Ovens and Murray Advertiser, 21 May 1857, 11 Mar 1865 Colonial Secretary's in-letters, goldfields, 25 Mar 1854, 21 July, 18 Nov 1855, 22 Aug 1857 (Public Record Office Victoria) scrapbook and newsclippings (privately held). Related Entries in NCB Sitesview family tree Gaunt, Mary Eliza (daughter)go to ADB entryPhotograph of Judge W. H. Gaunt standing beside chair holding top hat and cane, under glass, in cream frame with cream matte.Printed name underneath: JUDGE W. H. GAUNT