Article from a collection of newspaper clippings from October 1968 to July 1971Report of a letter by Mrs R Osborne to Phillip Island Shire Council criticising the actions of the Penguin committee and the concrete ramps they had built.phillip island, penguin parade, mrs r osborne, phillip island shire council

Built as a home for Mrs Jessie Smith - it was later used as a billiard room and finally as the Penguin Cafe. Mrs Smith was a member of the 'Small' Family of San Remo. She was the only Estate Agent in Cowes until 1954. Mrs Smith was in her late nineties when she died in 1977.The Penguin Cafe was built as a home for Mrs Jessie Smith. It was situated in Thompson Avenue on the east side near Chapel Street and the Phillip Island Bakery.local history, photographs, buildings, historic, buildings - historical, coloured photograph, john cook, phillip island, penguin cafe, cowes

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of Summerland Beach - where the Penguin Parade is located.local history, photography, summerland beach, black & white photograph, coastline, penguin parade phillip island, john jenner, bryant west

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of Penguin in steep coastal slopelocal history, photography, photographs, penguin, penguins, wildlife - penguins, john jenner, bryant west

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of Penguin chick and Mutton/Shearwater Bird chicklocal history, photography, photographs, young penguin and young mutton bird, penguins, mutton birds, shearwaters, wildlife - penguins, wildlife - shearwaters, john jenner, bryant west

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of two young Penguins cut from a Postcard.local history, photography, photographs, young penguins, black & white photograph, penguins, wildlife - penguins, john jenner, bryant west

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph taken at night of a group of twenty-six penguins walking up the beach at Summerland.local history, photography, photographs, penguins coming ashore, black & white photograph, penguins, coastline, summerland beach, penguin parade, john jenner, bryant west, wildlife - penguins

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandNight time photograph of Penguins on the beach ready to go up to their burrows.local history, photography, penguins, black & white photograph, wildlife, penguin parade, wildlife - penguins, john jenner, bryant west

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of a group of Penguins nearing their burrows at the Parade.local history, photography, penguins, black & white photograph, wildlife, penguin parade, wildlife - penguins, john jenner, bryant west

Silver lighter with inscription and 173rd Airborne graphic.To a wounded Trooper. Unit badge of 173rd Airborne (SED). Penguins, High Quality Lighter & a map of Vietnam.cigarette lighter, 173rd airborne brigade

Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photograph collection dating from the late nineteenth century. This series shows the long involvement and contribution to the community that occurred over the last three decades. In this photo there is former Phillip Island Nature Parks CEO, Peter Thomas.Photograph of line of people including a child in a penguin suit standing against a photographic display in the Visitors' CentreCatalogue number written on reverse in pencilchurchill island, photograph, peter thomas

Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photograph collection dating from the late nineteenth century. This series shows the long involvement and contribution to the community that occurred over the last three decades, and includes former Phillip Island Nature Parks CEO, Peter Thomas.Photograph of three men standing in front of a penguins display and diorama posing for photographs.Catalogue number written on reverse in pencilchurchill island, photograph, peter thomas

Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large collection of photographs dating from the nineteenth century. This photograph was probably taken in 1988 at the opening of the Penguin Parade featuring Cherry McFee & Bert WestPhotograph of two people shaking hands and posing for the camera.catalogue number written on reverse in pencilchurchill island, photograph

Since the mid-nineteenth century, the art and practices of war, spurred on by the revolution in technology, have changed fundamentally at increasing speed, making it difficult to stay abreast of current events and to remain aware of the implications of past developments.warfare, conventional - encyclopedias, military strategy

Phillip Island's Little Penguin and other bird species populations became the popular subjects of field naturalist and bird observer field trips from the late 19th century. By 1948 the decline of the Little Penguin population on the island was very evident due to fox predation. There were still many gaps in the knowledge about their breeding and other on-shore activities, as well as their feeding habits at sea. Various magazines and newspapers featured updates of information on occasion. This is an example.The article provides evidence of the level of knowledge about Phillip Island's Little/Fairy Penguins in the last 1940s. Photocopy of magazine or newspaper article. Three separate pages.phillip island, little penguins, fairy penguins, penguin rookeries, fox predation, penguin moult

With the establishment of the large heavy industrial zone at Hastings in the late 1960s, which included the BP oil refinery using the Port of Hastings at the north-western arm of Western Port, a number of environmental problems predicted by both scientists and conservationists arose. The main shipping channel on the western arm of Western Port was dredged, causing suspended particles affecting seagrass beds. With inadequate regulation around discharge of bilge water within the bay, and oil spillage, oil pollution affecting both seabirds and coastal areas was not uncommon. This report of 40 penguins actually known to have been killed by an oil spill event was typical of reports at the time. The 2 men quoted – Vernon Johnson and Ken Pound – were well known conservationists. Vernon and his wife Nora owned the Kingston Gardens picnic and zoo business where they cared for many injured wildlife. Ken was a Phillip Island counsellor for a few years, and instrumental in the establishment of the Phillip Island conservation Society. He also contributed various documents and newspaper cuttings to this archive.This article is significant for being a record of an exact number of penguins found dead from oil spill pollution in Western Port. Also as a record of conservationists in the early years of community and environment movements both locally and in Australia. The article further gives evidence of linking tourism with wildlife.Photocopy of newspaper cutting. Black print with very dark black and white photo of Fairy (Little) Penguin. Poor reproduction due to older photocopy machine.(indecipherable) - late/1960s.little penguins, fairy penguins, eudyptula minor, penguin behaviour, phillip island tourist attractions, phillip island conservation society, oil spills, bp refinery hastings, port of hastings, western port, marine pollution, oil tankers, vernon johnson, ken pound, phillip island promotion association

Cr J Gall was a councilor on the Borough of Wonthaggi Council. The Borough included Cape Paterson, where Cr Gall saw 5 little penguins on the beach. He described them as looking for somewhere to nest – that is, to dig burrows in the coast adjoining the Cape Paterson sandy beach. At that stage, the Wonthaggi state coal mine had been closed for 4 years and Wonthaggi had more emphasis on attracting different industries. There was little interest in flora and fauna of the area at that stage. Cr Gall’s unusual sighting of the Little Penguins possibly nesting at Cape Paterson attracted derision from the other councillors, and also a sarcastic Editor's Note from the newspaper's editor - none of which was not surprising for that era. The Borough of Wonthaggi was later amalgamated with the shires of Phillip Island and Bass, plus other areas of a couple of others local shires in 1994 to form Bass Coast Shire Council, which quickly moved to a heavy emphasis on flora, fauna and the tourism industry related to the environment generally.The article clearly demonstrates the disinterested if not dismissive attitude of the Borough of Wonthaggi councillors and the local newspaper editor at the time towards observations of flora and fauna. However, the article is also an interesting record of 5 Little Penguins being sighted at a beach where they were not known to have previously been seen.Photocopy of Single column newspaper article, black print on white paper. Article has curved line border design on top, sides. Cut off in copy at bottom edge. Five paragraphs in main article, and 1 paragraph at bottom marked: Editor's noteSEN 13 - 7 - 72 (South Gippsland Sentinel Times newspaper, 13th July, 1972)little penguins, fairy penguins, eudyptula minor, penguin behaviour, borough of wonthaggi, cr j gall

This article by journalist Bill Hitchings describes the state of the land market and cost of transporting building materials, Phillip Island, late 1960s. At that stage a number of outlying residential estates had been created, especially on Phillip Island South Coast and at Cowes West. While blocks of land on the outlier estates were very cheap and poorly serviced, the Cowes blocks were selling at $3000 per residential block. Hitchings quotes the owner of the Hollydene motel, Reg Orr, as saying that when the new bridge opens shortly he did not expect it to create a rush of visitors or residents.Bill Hitching was a well-known Melbourne journalist. This article gives an idea of land values on Phillip Island in the late 1960s, the fact that business owners were prepared to upgrade and expand their businesses to cater for extra potential demand on accommodation, and the strong identification of Phillip Island with the Phillip Island Penguin Parade in the minds of the general public in Melbourne. The significance of the new Phillip Island bridge to Phillip Islanders and visitors, and the cost of the bridge, are also outlined. Reg Orr was highly active in the business community of that era on Phillip Island. The Hollydene motel was a well-known Phillip Island accommodation venue.T-shaped article cutting with large image at top of article, dark due to poor photcopy. Double collumn text under photo clearly readable. Black and white.Sun/29/8/6 (?) Probably: Melbourne Sun newspaper, 29 August, 1969phillip island, phillip island tourism, development, hollydene motel, reg orr, phillip island penguin parade, land values, phillip island first bridge, phillip island 2nd bridge, transportation costs

Due to increased numbers of tourists in the post-World War Two era, and the increased popularity of the Penguin Parade, without sufficient public education or protection of the penguin habitat, many Little Penguins perished during the 1960s. Trampling, unsupervised interference with the birds, unrestricted access to their dune habitat, plus predation by foxes, cats and dogs, led to most of the rookeries outside of the Summerland patrolled areas - such as on the west and north Phillip Island coasts, and parts of the south coast - being obliterated by the mid 1970s.this article is highly significant as it was published shortly before the establishment of the Phillip Island Conservation Society Inc in 1968, which commenced agitation to make management of Crown Land by Phillip Island Shire Council and government bodies accountable for protection of wildlife habitat on Phillip Island.photocopy of newspaper cutting. Black print on white paper. 3--1-64phillip island, penguin parade, little penguin, habitat destruction, penguin parade committee, shell house,

The Premier, Sir Henry Bolte, the Victorian governors wife and daughter, and a retired ambassador to Germany visited the Summerland Peninsula, including the Nobbies and Penguin Parade during the 1960s.The article clearly shows that the government of the day felt the Penguin Parade was of great importance to the Victorian economy. Premier Bolte is described as "A great advocate for tourism". The VIPs were also shown the new kiosk and protective fencing at the Penguin Parade, significant because of criticism the management of the Parade and facilities there had received at that time.photocopy of newspaper article, cut from full page of newspaper23-1-64sir henry bolte, sir rohan delacombe, lady delacombe, , sir christopher and lady steele, phillip island penguin parade, nobbies, phillip island shire council, cr ernest booth, cr arthur j hamilton, penguin reserve committee, penguin parade visitor numbers

The article describes a fire incident which took place in January 1965 at Swan Lake, a water reserve at the entrance to Summerland Peninsula, Phillip Island. Due to an extremely heavy infestation of gorse (noxious weed) and natural tea tree scrub, along with poor vehicle access, the volunteer fire fighters could apparently not gauge the extent of the fire. A light plane operator visiting Cr Arthur Hamilton nearby was able to fly Phillip Island Shire Engineer, Jock McKechnie, over the lake to better direct the fire fighters. Swan Lake has many Bunurong Aboriginal middens and short-tailed shearwater rookeries, and, being not far from the Penguin Parade, a fire there posed a direct threat to the birds. The article is significant because it indicates the vulnerability of the Summerland Peninsula reserves to fire, the way the Shire Engineer, local bulldozer contractor and volunteer fire fighters tackled the fire outbreak. photocopy of newspaper cutting. Dark copying at top. Double column heading. Single column black text on white paper28-1-65 EXswan lake phillip island, summerland peninsula, bunurong aboriginal middens, short-tailed shearwaters, mutton birds, little pengiuns, penguin parade, jock mckechnie, cr arthur hamilton, fire fighters, , max stewart, jim jeffery

The article relates the journalist's visit to Phillip Island, starting from Melbourne and describing features along the way, then at San Remo on mainland side of Phillip Island bridge, then Newhaven on the other. Other places visited include the main town of Cowes, the jetty and beach there, and the Nobbies (Point Grant), with views of the Seal Rocks offshore through telescope at the Nobbies. The writer also visited Summerland beach, described as a surf beach, with penguin and mutton bird rookeries. While not specifically referring to the Penguin Parade, the writer says the spectacle of seeing the penguins coming ashore is not to be missed. The brief military colony at Rhyll and the first Victorian 'garden' planted at Churchill Island in 1801 are also mentionedArticle is significant because it is an early (1950s?) tourist guide to Phillip Island's most popular tourist destinations. 3 column text under map of Phillip Island. Black print on white paper. phillip island, newhaven, , westernport, surf beaches phillip island, summerland beach, penguins, mutton birds, the nobbies, point grant, seal rocks, cowes, nobbies blowhole, rhyll, churchill island, nobbies telescope

This article is written in a very conversational style with a number of asides and little 'digs' (e.g. Phillip Island being named after "Chap who first began to mess up Port Jackson".) The writer, Peter Fenton, is also relating some ornithological and tourist information, along with how to get to Phillip Island via the first Phillip Island bridge (so pre-1969) or train from Melbourne to Stony Point and across on ferry. The article is significant for demonstrating the growing interest in visiting destinations for natural experiences as well as activities such as golf and motor racing.photocopy of newspaper article cut from newspaper. double column of text with associated map below article. Dark patch from photocopy bottom right corner.15/3/65phillip island, little pengiuns, mutton birds, birds of the moon, pacific region, island rookeries, peter fenton, westernport ferry, stony point, railway line, first phillip island bridge, seal rocks, phillip island koalas, governor arthur phillip, golf links, motor racing course

Written in February 1966, this is a letter from the editor or a journalist to a child who had brought a weak young Little Penguin into the office of the Express newspaper in Wonthaggi. February is the time that adult penguins have what is known as a “catastrophic moult" when they lose all of their feathers within a week or 2 and cannot go to the sea to fish. Any chicks left in the burrow will not be fed and need to go to sea themselves to feed. Some are just not strong enough or have mature feathers to do this and perish. Bert West was a Phillip Island resident and manager at the Penguin Parade, who was very knowledgeable about Little Penguins and was able to explain this to the journalist who then wrote the letter. Presumably the photograph had been in a previous edition so this item in the form of a letter to Simon would be a follow up to the original article. This cutting is significant because it indicates that this Little Penguin had been fishing in the Cape Paterson area, and possibly was not able to find sufficient food there. It also indicates that there was apparently no process in place for dealing with weak birds found by the public. Neither the child nor the photographer knew any better than to allow the child to interfere with or hold a sick Penguin as shown in the photo. That is definitely no longer recommended, as we now know that handling a sick bird in that way is very stressful to them and can contribute to poor outcomes for them. Very poor photocopy of single column with large photo of boy holding penguin under textTHE EXPRESSphillip island, penguin parade, cape paterson, bert west, wildlife care, little penguin

Written during the 1960s when surfing was burgeoning across Australia’s coast and Phillip Island surf beaches had become extremely popular, few management strategies were in place to control interaction of the public with the delicate flora and fauna of the coastal environments. There were few good access tracks, car parks, bins, toilets etc at coastal/surfing hotspots around the Phillip Island coast. A number of management issues occurred with the influx of surfers. These included dune erosion caused by surfers climbing dunes to see the surf before going on the beach; informal parking on wildlife habitat; numerous access paths from wherever cars were parked down to the beach cutting through habitat; illegal camping on foreshores; illegal lighting of fires on beach and in dunes; surfers’ dogs let out of the car while surfers were out on the water. The dogs were uncontrolled. Certainly some surfers behaved responsibly, as is almost invariably the case these days. However, in that era of this article few people understood the delicate nature of the coastal environment and that it need to be protected through public education, infrastructure and enforcement of regulations. As now, most rural Fire services were run by dedicated volunteers who faced many challenges in their roles as Country Fire Authority firefighters. However, it was not uncommon for visitors and locals to also assist with fire-fighting efforts.The article is significant in containing quotes from both sides of the discussion who were directly involved in coastal fire incidents on Phillip Island in the 1960s. It also indicates the large number of surfers visiting Phillip Island beaches, the volunteer nature of the firefighting service and the extra challenges they faced on Phillip Island as a visitor destination. The anonymous university student surfer who is quoted, also describes possible causes of the fires, methods he and his fellow surfers used to extinguish the fires and raise the alarm, and the way they assisted the volunteer firefighters . The reference to him breaking into one of the Summerland housing estate holiday houses is also significant because that housing estate was purchased over 2 decades by successive Victorian governments to remove management issues caused to the wildlife habitat on Summerland Peninsula.Photocopy of newspaper cuttings including 2 related articles. Five columns of black text on white paper with one poorly reproduced photo bottom rightphillip island, cat bay, country fire authority, artie murdoch, alf towns, frank dixon, barry thompson, newhaven-san remo rural fire brigade, penguin parade, cowrie beach, surfers, coastal fires