Construction of the main road from South Tawonga to the Bogong High Plains, to provide access to the construction sites for the new Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme, was commenced early in 1938, the work being undertaken on behalf of the commission by the Country Roads Board. For the construction work, the Commission purchased three Caterpillar - model R07 - diesel crawler tractors equipped with Kay Brunerei (Brunner) hydraulically operated trailbuilders (angle dozers). This acquisition resulted from a visit to the United States of America in May, 1937 by the Construction Engineer ( Mr. C.H. Kernot) and Assistant Civil Engineer ( Mr. J.F. Douglas) where they saw this relatively new type of equipment in use. With the co-operation of the CRB, the Commission demonstrated the operation of these machines at Fishermen's Bend on 6th April, 1938. They were then sent to Kiewa where they commenced operation towards the end of the month. From South Tawonga, the route let immediately across the Western Branch of the Kiewa River necessitating the construction of a bridge 100 feet long. By the end of 1939, the excavation had been 'opened up' for a distance of 19 1/2 miles (approx. 31 km.) and of this length, 10 miles (approx. 16 km.) had been surfaced. (see KVHS 0328)The purchase of this type of mechanical equipment in road making was a huge investment, as prior to this most of the work would have been done manually with the use of picks and shovels. Not only were many months of hard manual labour saved, but a very significant amount of time in providing access to the proposed work sites for the new Kiewa Hydro Scheme. This photo is an excellent reminder of how primitive the early machinery was compared to the present but also represents the forward thinking of the State Electricity Commissions engineers in purchasing such innovative equipment.A black and white photograph of road making near Mt. Beauty in 1938. Mount Beauty hills can be seen in the background with cleared land for grazing in the fore ground.Hand printed in black ink at the top of the photograph is 'Kiewa Road Making 25/8/1938'. On the right hand corner has been printed the number 2. It has been printed on gloss Velox paper.road making, state electricity commission, caterpillar tractor, kiewa, secv

Construction of the main road from South Tawonga to the Bogong High Plains, to provide access to the construction sites for the new Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme, was commenced early in 1938, the work being undertaken on behalf of the Commission by the Country Roads Board. For the construction work, the Commission purchased three Caterpillar - model R07 - diesel crawler tractors equipped with Kay Brunerei (Brunner) hydraulically operated trail builders (angle dozers)). This acquisition resulted from a visit to the United States of America in May, 1937 by the Construction Engineer ( Mr. C.H. Kernot) and Assistant Civil Engineer (Mr. J.F. Douglas) where they saw this relatively new type of equipment in use. With the co-operation of the CRB, the Commission demonstrated the operation of these machines at Fishermen's Bend on 6th April, 1938. They were then sent to Kiewa where they commenced operation towards the end of the month. From South Tawonga, the route led immediately across the Western Branch of the Kiewa River necessitating the construction of a bridge 100 feet long. By the end of 1939,the excavation had been 'opened up' for a distance of 19 1/2 miles (approx. 31 km.) and of this length, 10 miles (approx. 16 km) had been surfaced.The purchase and use of this type of mechanical equipment in road making was a huge investment, as prior to this most of the work would have been done manually with the use of picks and shovels. Not only were many months of hard manual labour saved, but a very significant amount of time in providing access to the proposed work sites for the new Kiewa Hydro Scheme. This photo is an excellent reminder of how primitive the early machinery was compared to the present but also represents the forward thinking of the State Electricity Commission's Engineers in purchasing such new and innovative equipment.A black and white photograph of a Caterpillar diesel crawler tractor and a hydraulically operated trailbuilder (angle dozer) making a road in the Mt. Beauty area.Hand written in black ink in the top left hand corner are the words "Kiewa Road Making 25/8/1938". On the upper right hand of the photograph has been stamped the number 3. On the back is stamped the word 'Velox' severaly times, which is the make of the photograhic paper. roadmaking, caterpillar tractor, kiewa, state electricity commission

A cap liner is an item that helps to seal the contents in a container to avoid spoiling and leakage. This cap liner was recovered from the Falls of Halladale shipwreck. The Falls of Halladale was an iron-hulled, four-masted barque, used as a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 bound for Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold was general cargo consisting of roofing tiles, barbed wire, stoves, oil, and benzene as well as many other manufactured items. After three months at sea and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland on the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members survived, but her cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson's navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The Falls of Halladale was built in1886 by Russell & Co., at Greenock shipyards on the River Clyde, Scotland for Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow. She was one of several designs of the Falls Line of ships named after waterfalls in Scotland. The company had been founded between 1870- 1873 as a partnership between Joseph Russell, Anderson Rodger, and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co. standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships during that time. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and was able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the 'windjammers' that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck in stormy conditions. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Glass cap liner, moulded disc opaque aqua colour, with indented ring and gripping bumps on the top. Paper sticker attached, has inscription. Recovered from Falls of Halladale wreck. "F/16"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, falls of halladale, cap liner, russell & co., glass liner, glass seal

The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Round glass lids (2) from Falls of Halladale wreck. Lids are semi-opaque due to sand abrasion. Artefact Reg No FoH/16.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, lids, lid, falls of halladale, round glass lids, russell & co.

The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Round glass lid, from Falls of Halladale wreck. Artefact Reg No FoH/16.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, falls of halladale, cap liner, russell & co.

The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Glass Lid, some encrustation. Artefact Reg No FoH/16, recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, falls of halladale, cap liner, russell & co.

The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Wooden Packing Strip from the slate stacks, Artefact Reg No FoH/16, recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, falls of halladale, shipwreck peterborough, 1908 shipwreck, great clipper ships, russell & co., packing strip

gray plasticnon-fictionThe history of the New Guinea Air Warning Wireless Company. This reprinted version contains a map of the dispositions of Spotting Stations August 1943, additional MID awards listed and some additions to the nominal roll. The New Guinea Air Warning Wireless Company was formed in Port Moresby in late January 1942 and was granted “Separate Independent Establishment” status in October 1943. The company’s “founding father” was Major Don Small, who had witnessed Japanese air raids on Rabaul and realised that having lacked an effective early-warning system around New Britain meant that the defenders were taken by surprise. At the time, gaps had also appeared in the coast-watching communications network because the territory administration ordered the withdrawal of civilian wireless operators when Japan entered the war. The first influx of men into the company consisted largely of volunteers from the 39th Infantry Battalion, which was stationed at Port Moresby. Initial training was rudimentary, hasty, and was sometimes even carried out on en route to a new station. The first party of company personnel, or “spotters”, left Port Moresby as early as 1 February 1942, bound for the strategically important Samarai area, at the tip of Papua. In the first month of the company’s existence 16 spotter stations were established on the coast of Papua and in the mountains around Port Moresby. At the end of 1942 there were 61 operational stations being run by 180 men. The company’s high-water mark was in late 1944, by which time over 150 stations had been set up in Papua and New Guinea behind enemy lines. On 3 February 1942 the company issued its first air warning in Papua, when spotters at Tufi saw Japanese aircraft about to attack Port Moresby for the first time. The following month the company was responsible for the first Japanese killed in action in Papua by Australian ground forces, when spotters from Gona engaged the crew of a downed Japanese bomber. And in July 1942 the station at Buna signalled Port Moresby with news of the Japanese landings in Papua, marking the beginning of the Kokoda campaign. The dangers involved in the company’s work had also been made clear by this time. In July 1942 a party of spotters attempting to set up a station at Misima Island, off Milne Bay, was intercepted by a Japanese destroyer, resulting in the company’s first operational losses. Anticipating the direction of the campaign as a whole, the company’s focus moved north and north-west over the three years of its existence. In May 1942 a network was set up in the Wau area in association with the activities of Kanga Force. As part of the Wau network, spotter Ross Kirkwood audaciously constructed an observation post overlooking the Japanese airstrip at Salamaua. Kirkwood’s position was photographed by Damian Parer on the understanding that the pictures would not be published. They nevertheless appeared in a Sydney newspaper. The day after the publication of the photographs the observation post was attacked by the Japanese and Kirkwood was lucky to escape. In June 1944 the company’s headquarters were moved to Nadzab. By that time, spotter stations existed behind Japanese lines, as far north as Hollandia, and the company began to train Americans to perform similar work in the Philippines. In early 1945 the company moved to Balcombe, Victoria, where its members were posted to other units of the Australian Corps of Signals.world war ii, special operations, new guinea, new guinea air warning wireless company

A series of handwritten notes on card, (16 Pieces), relating to run times for various sections of numerous tram routes across Bendigo.person, individual, basil miller

Journal of Australian Electric Traction Association, Volume XVIII, No. 2, February, 1963, 16 pages. History of document: Part of 'Basil Miller Collection', Also check 1411. Cover picture description: "tall gum trees provide a typical Australian background to four Brisbane tram cars at Toowong Cemetery terminus. Actually cars 305, 475, 346 and 466 (left to right) are less than three miles from the Brisbane City Hall, being surrounded by parklands and a cemetery at this point along the route, which was the most scenic of the four routes recently closed on trial".Pub: Australian Electric Traction Asscn. Printer: O'Loughlin Bros. Pty. Ltd., Sydney, NSWdocument

Journal of the Tramway Museum Society of Victoria Ltd. Volume 9, No.5, 35 cents, October 1972. 16 pages. Front cover picture (right) shows car no. 1 of Prahran and Malvern Tramways Trust fleet in High Street Malvern. The P&M T T commenced in 1910 with some four and a half route miles along High Street, Glenferrie Road and Wattletree Road. When absorbed by the M&M T B in 1920 its routes totalled over 35 miles.person, individual, basil miller

Cholera swept a deadly path through Europe in 1832. Irish physician, William O’Shaughnessy, proposed treating patients with saline infusions and Dr Thomas Latta of Leith, successfully applied the treatment. The intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver fluids and medications through the body. Today, fluid therapy is one of the most widespread interventions in acute medicine. Clear plastic strip adhered to white paper backing, forming a sealed packet containing a cardboard backing board, with a cannula attached.Stamped in black ink on 3929.1: CAT: / NO. 1966 / CATHETER: 14 GA. / .058 I.D. / 5 1/2 IN. / 0182037 Stamped in black ink on 3929.2: CAT: / NO. 1967 / CATHETER: 16 GA. .044 I.D. / 5 1/2 IN. / 0189037intravenous, cannula, fluid therapy, william o'shaughnessy, thomas latta

Yields information about the passenger traffic in Ballarat during Feb. 1962, Yields information about the passenger traffic in Ballarat during Feb. 1962Memorandum and Report to the Engineer & Manager from the Ballarat Manager - all with rounded corners. .1 - Memorandum dated 16/3/1962 forwarded detailed traffic figures referred to in a letter of 5/3/1962 .2 - detailed analysis of average passengers per trip including scholars for each route by hour - was dated Feb. 1962, but has been crossed out. .3 - Passenger density and direction per hour for each route - Saturday - was dated Feb. 1962 - but has been crossed out and August 1963 written in. .4 - as for .3 - for Sundays. See Reg Item 7931 for similar reports and 8030 for another version.trams, tramways, reports, passengers, ballarat

Newspaper cutting - Bendigo Advertiser - Wednesday 16/9/1970 tilted "Our trams will go - buses to take over next year" about the tabling of the SEC Notice to abandon or abolish the tramways in both Ballarat and Bendigo. Notes the intention for concession fares on the buses, actual fares, revised bus routes, subsidy from the SEC to the Transport Regulation Board (TRB) for concession fares for a period of five years and service frequency. Has a photo of a single trucker at Charing Cross. Quotes the Minister for Fuel and Power - Mr. Balfourbendigo, transport regulation board, closure, buses, fares, sec

Timetable - perfect bound, 132 pages + covers with fold out map on the front cover, titled "Ballarat Bus Timetable", dated 16 June 2008, with Ballarat Transit, VicLink and Davis Bus logos. Lists the 18 timetable routes at the time, how to get to the various tourist attractions including the BTM. Has the various contact details on the rear cover. Two copies held.ballarat public transport, buses, davis bus lines, timetables

Yields information about the City of Ballarat and its involvement in the promotion of the city through the Begonia Festival. Yields information about the tramway through a map.Programme or book, 16 Quarto pages, centre stapled full colour on semi gloss paper, titled "Ballaarat 70 Begonia Festival" for the 1970 Begonia Festival. 27/2/1970 to 9/3/1970. Gives details of the city, the begonias, industry, how to grow them, Festival activities, agriculture, map showing the city roads, a suggested tour route, tram lines, Eureka stockade, Historical Park (Sovereign Hill), 3BA, The Courier, BTV6, Education and sporting facilities. Really a City spruiking document with many colour photos. Note all words with Ballarat in them are spelt with the aatrams, tramways, begonia festival, ballarat, map

Yields information about 12 and the Barkly St Mt Pleasant route.Set of two Agfa colour slides, white cardboard mount, photo by Keith Caldwell on 16/3/1963 of: .1 - Tram 12 in Barkly St, with destination of Mt Pleasant. Tram has adverts for Dancing at Civic Hall and Whitehorse Whiskey on the front dash panel. .2 - on the return trip - has the same adverts. In ink "16.3.63"tramways, trams, mt pleasant, barkly st, tram 12

Newspaper clippings from The Courier, Ballarat, 16/8/2019 titled "Two new W class trams will make their home at the Ballarat Tram Museum" about the delivery of two trams (836 and 1029) from Newport to Bungaree. Press conference held at the Ballarat depot featuring Paul Mong, Michaela Settle (Buninyong State MP) and Juliana Addison (Wendouree State MP) and Chris Phillips. Article by Greg Gliddon, photo Lachlan Bence. Items includes photographs of the trams being loaded at Newport the previous day and a photo of W6 965 en route to the Docks on its way to Denmark. See Reg Item 7396 for two video files ex VicTrackw class trams, grants, btm, donations, victorian government, tram acquisition

Newspaper cutting from The Courier, Ballarat 19/6/1972 of the moving of tram 26 into the depot. Has photo of tram 26 being moved into the depot using steel channels and rails on their side. Also Bob Davies crane in photo assisting with move. The method of moving 26 was slow and difficult, having derailed it at the depot access road and dragged it up the road and then onto steel channels pushing it into the shed. Information to members for June-July 1972 gives the moving date as 16 June and completed on 17 June. The other trams were not moved until temporary track had been laid between the depot and the kerb in Wendouree Parade, roughly along the same route as the depot access track. The September 1972 issue gives full details of the move and the date. The photo was taken on Sat. 17 June. See Reg Item No. 1858 for Courier Print of the photo. Second copy added 5/11/2018 from donation of Glenise Kellett. See Information for Members (BTPS) - June-July 1972 and Sept. 1972."June 19 -1972" in top right hand cornerbtps, moving trams

Item from the Ballarat Courier of 16/11/1996 written by Lorrie Brown quoting Peter Hiscock, chairman of the Ballarat Tourism Board that the funding for the feasibility study into the plan to re-introduce trams back to Ballarat, was still awaiting funding support from the State Government. Looks at the route outlines and the trams in Christchurch. Peter expressed surprise that the Ballarat Council had not lent its financial support. Includes a photo of Peter in a reflective mood. Item on Page 2 of the Courier.feasibility study, ballarat city tramway, ballarat revival

Three issues of "Tram Tracks - The Electric Traction Monthly" of the Australian Electric Traction Association. Each issue has a standard cover, of the magazine name etc, with a small advertisement for the Model Dockyard but are in different colours, all have been saddled stapled with two staples. The Volume and date details have been over stamped using a hand stamp. Back covers, inside back covers have the same advertisements. The three issues contain advertisements for Hartleys Sports store, Hearns Hobbies, Wattle Park, Johnson's Variety Store, Barnes Tennis Centre, The Model Dockyard, Meadmore Model Engineering and Austral Bronze Pty Ltd, Christie Scale Model Railway and Equipment, Herbert Small (Meccano) and Bassett-Lowke Models. 2464.1 - Vol. 1, No. 6 - 12 pages, Oct. 1946, with cover printed in blue. Has articles on staff and ticket working on VR tramways, Tramway rolling stock classification, rolling stock listing for SEC Bendigo, and the first 65 years of electric traction. News items on Sydney, Melbourne, Ballarat, Newcastle, Hobart and AETA. Inside front cover has a photo of Y1 611. 2464.2 - Vol. 1, No. 6 - 16 pages, Nov. 1946 with cover printed in brown. Has articles on bus profits, route symbols on Australian tramways, Hobarts double deckers, high current collection tests, rolling stock listing for SEC Geelong, VR Electric locos, and the first 65 years of electric traction continued. News items on Sydney, Melbourne, Ballarat, VR, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, Fremantle, Kalgoorlie, overseas and AETA. Inside front cover has photos of Sydney R and R1 class trams. 2464.3 - Vol. 1, No. 7 - 12 pages, Dec. 1946 with cover printed in green. Has articles on NSW tram and bus losses, proposed abandonment of the Sandringham - Block Rock line, Elwood Depot, rolling stock listing of NSW Service stock. Has news items on Brisbane, Sydney, Newcastle, Melbourne, Adelaide and AETA news. trams, tramways, electric traction, aeta, models, australian tramways

2467.1 - Vol. 4 No. 2, February 1949 of "Tram Tracks - The Electric Traction Monthly" of the Australian Electric Traction Association. Magazine consists of 16 printed pages with a 12 page supplement titled "Fifty Questions and Answers about trams in Australia". Has a single staple on the saddle. Incorporated within the magazine are articles or editorials on Tramways and Tramway Experts (Sydney and bus replacement), Interurban to St Kilda (conversion of VR St. Kilda line). General news items on Brisbane, Geelong, Launceston closure, Hobart, Bourke St routes, Perth, Adelaide, NSW, Christchurch, Overseas tramways and railways. Also has letters to the Editor, plans of a Birney tram for model makers and AETA Notes. Issue has advertisements for the Model Dockyard, ARLHS, The Hobby Shop, Barnes Tennis Centre, Fleet, Christie Model Railway Equipment of Sydney, Meadmore Model Engineering, Austral Bronze, Wattle Park, Traction Publications and Robilt "O" gauge locomotives. 2467.2 - Vol 4, No. 5 - May 1949 - 20 pages - red cover, 4th year, article by Peter Duckett with photos of Board members, "PCC Trucks here", MMTB advert for staff, news from Sydney, Newcastle, Melbourne (applications for new Chairman to replace Mr. Bell), Bendigo, Perth, Christchurch, Wellington, Wanganui, Bourke St construction work (photo of poles), Brisbane tramway history, map of CBD Melbourne, Melbourne and Sydney suburban railways, AETA News. 2467.3 - Vol 4, No. 6 - June 1949 - 16 pages - green pages, tramways and private cats, news from Sydney, Newcastle, Melbourne, Launceston, Hobart, article "Scrap Sydney Tams by 1960 - Newcastle this years say London experts", buses tackle football crowds (Sydney), Fremantle (Wal Jack letter), and Melbourne and Sydney suburban railways, AETA News. 2467.4 - Vol 4, No. 7 - July 1949 - 16 pages - tramways and the public, news from Sydney, Newcastle, Melbourne, appointment of R. Risson as new chairman, Perth, Adelaide, Launceston, tramcar solenoid brakes, National City Lines USA, and Melbourne and Sydney suburban railways, AETA News. 2467.5 - Vol 4, No. 8 - August 1949 - 8 pages - tramways and politics, photo of new points for Latrobe and William Sts, East Hills Line by C. C. Singleton, general tramway news, and advertisement for Robilt model railways. .2 to .4 added 15-2-2016 from the collection of Ian Stanley. .5 added 24-3-18 - from consolidation of Melbourne Tram Museum and BTM collections)trams, tramways, electric traction, aeta, australian tramways, mmtb, pcc, closure, sydney, newcastle, brisbane

Has a strong association with a BTPS organised tour and yields information about the tour arrangements., Has a strong association with a BTPS organised tour and yields information about the tour arrangements.Spirit duplicated, handwritten Special Table" or timetable for a BTPS charter tram tour using two separate sheets of paper. Issued by the MMTB for a BTPS special charter on 16/12/1974. Inspector Davies, out of South Melbourne Depot. Gives time and route arrangements. Second copy from donation of the Tom Murray Estate added 20-11-2016.trams, tramways, btps, charters, special trams

Notebook, with three sections of 16 pages each, two pink, one blue, stapled individually onto a yellow coloured card cover and then covered with a printed black and gold patterned sheet to cover the staples. Shown in a tabular form are the timetables for each of the Ballarat and Bendigo routes in the 1960's, for Mondays to Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. Gives the run number, times at various points, special workings, terminals, short workings. The tables for Sundays in Bendigo has been prepared but not filled in. In the blue section has various notes on Ballarat weekday runs, timetables. Image 1 - cover, 2 - inside front cover and timetable for Lydiard St - Sebastopol, 3 - Stones Corner - View Point, Sebastopol - Depot and Eaglehawk to Quarry Hill, 4 - blue pages run details. On inside back cover in ink, addresses, calculations and street names.trams, tramways, ballarat, bendigo, rosters, employees, shifts, timetables

Yields information through letters to the Editor about the impact of tram fare rises on Ballarat Residents, noting wages at the time.Photocopy, of part of the front page of The Courier, 16/6/1951, titled "Tram Rises Not Happy Thought". Gives the impact of the fare rises, doubling the weekly travel cost. Has a map showing the tramway routes and section destination to apply from 1/7/1951. The main problem was the cancellation of the concessional weekly ticket, revision of sections. Quotes Mr. T. A. Farr, Manager SEC Ballarat, notes differences in fares, penny surcharge on Sundays and holidays. On the front page are notes on the death and funeral arrangements of Ben Chifley.trams, tramways, public transport, fares, sec

3293.1 - Grey folder, with a two prong clip, marked ""Rosters both sides, containing a set of 29 sheets, typed on foolscap paper, giving the Weekdays, Saturday and Sunday tables or runs for the SEC Ballarat trams on the SEC Ballarat Tramway system until the period before closure. Gives details of 38 tables or runs, numbered from 1 Run to 38 Run. Each sheet headed "Weekday", three runs per sheet. Saturdays - 1 to 34, Sunday - 1 to 10. Each sheet has in the top right hand corner LJD/3/70. Time table operated until the commencement of closure of the system. All sheets imaged and are: Monday to Friday Runs 1- 3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 16-18 19-21 22-24 25-28 29-30 31-33 34-36 37 and 38 Saturday Runs 1- 3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 16-18 19-21 22-24 25-28 29-30 31-33 34 Sunday Runs 1- 3 4-6 7-9 10 Each run details where the driver/conductor would sign on, time, the trips, meal breaks, finish time and the total time of the shift. See also Reg Items 2984 - 2993 for table cards at the time of closure. 3293.2 - separate sheet in front of folder, was taped to folder, giving distance of the various routes within Ballarat - miles. Now loose within folder. Second copy of this sheet added 3-8-2006, BTPS Cat No. 611. - See image btm3293i31 for image file. Images of all sheets added 31/8/2012.On front of folder in black ink " BTPS 811" and on top of 3293.2 - "BTPS 611"trams, tramways, timetables, sec, ballarat, crews, routes

Eight issues of "MMTB News" - The Magazine of the Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board. Two copies of issues 1 to 6 held. Second copy added 31/8/2004. All issues printed with an cream colour paper cover with the rest of the magazine white gloss paper. 2720.1 - Vol. 3, No. 1 - 16 pages, January 1966, with a photo of the Mark VI bus No. 702 on the front cover, notes on Traffic Congestion, motor cars and supermarkets, depot masters, engineering, bus maintenance, sports and social club news. On rear cover includes a photo of a Christmas function with past senior employees - left to right - H. R. Steains (architect), H. S. McComb (Chief Surveyor), Mr. Aird, Mr. P. M. Ireland (Rolling stock engineer), J Fisher (Civil Engineer) and H. A. Warner (Secretary) 2720.2 - Vol. 3, No. 2 - 16 pages, February 1966, with a photo of counting decimal coins, Tribute to the W2 class tram written by Norm Cross, (with photo), Hawthorn Clothing Depot, retirement of Harry Munroe, introduction of decimal currency, donation of 1B bogies to SPER, tramways band, death of Neil Olsen, sports and social club news. See btm2720i9.jpg for image of the Norm Cross photograph. 2720.3 - Vol. 3, No. 3 - 12 pages, March - April 1966, with a photo of Tramways Bowl Tournament presentation on the front cover, Recent developments in public transport in North America, Vera Cruz Mexico, cable cars at Rushworth, sports and social club news and photo of the Melbourne bogies under Sydney tram. 2720.4 - Vol. 3, No. 4 - 16 pages, May 1966, with a photo of W2 321being overhauled at Preston Workshops, change over to decimal currency for accounting machines, "Tram Driver Salutes the L class tram" - written by A. Bailey, Melbourne's New Trams, retirement of Gordon Wilson, sports and social club news. 2720.5 - Vol. 3, No. 5 - 16 pages, June 1966, with a photo of the track relaying in Camberwell Rd with Camberwell fire station in background, Melbourne cable tram routes, opening and closing dates, retirement of G. H. Box, visit of SPER members to Melbourne, memories of Malvern Depot, sports and social club news. 2720.6 - Vol. 3, No. 6 - 16 pages, July - August 1966 with a photo of the view from the St Kilda Junction signal box, more trams for Russia, retirements of 31 Employees, a contest to win an old W2, St Kilda Road Junction box - and how it works - signalling and interlocking, closure of Port Melbourne bus depot, sports and social club news. 2720.7 - Vol. 3, No. 7 - 16 pages, September - October 1966 with a photo of 610 on the Maribyrnong River Bridge, during the SPER tour, "Public Transport in Big Cities" - R. Risson - with photo - see image i10, MMTB Ambulance division, new trams, trams or buses, death of Harry Hood, Chas Samuels, retirement of Jack Ferguson, Reg Maxwell, manufacture of trackwork, cable tram working, sports and social club news. 2720.8 - Vol. 3, No. 8 - 16 pages, November - December 1966 with a photo of a wedding party on a tram (Richards / Fuller), apprenticeship training, Christmas message from the Chairman, tramway canteens, art of rostering by R. Drummond, Wattle Park Chalet, clock and instrument shop at North Fitzroy, tramways band, sports and social club news.Each issue has stamped on the front cover or inside "The Australian Railway Historical Society (S.A. Branch).trams, tramways, mmtb, sper, wattle park, port melbourne, st kilda junction, decimal currency, w2 class, l class, hawthorn