View of two tents and a wagon in a dry landscape. In foreground is a camel loaded with packaged goods. A man on a horse is in centre of image, to the right of one of the tents. Two more horses are tethered by the wagon of far right. In background are trees and grassland. The top half of image is sky, with clouds painted in blue, grey and mauve with white highlights. Australian desert scene. Framed in silver and gold painted wooden frame.Front: B. Malloch '77 (lower right) (sienna paint) Back: 8 (pencil, sticker, upper left)oil painting, camel, horses, transport

The Napoleon (BML) gold mine (1932) was located near McDougall Road, Golden Gully, between Martin and Hattam Street. It had a depth of 921 feet. It was one of the latest and most lavish of Bendigo's mines. Plant and equipment were electrically driven. The four-compartment shaft, extra large by goldfield's standards, measured 17 feet 6 inches by 5 feet 2 inches and was cement lined below 900 feet instead of being red gum boxed as was the usual practice. The workshop was equipped to carry out all repairs for the equally lavish BML mines on the Nell Gwynne and Carshalton reefs. (The Gold Mines of Bendigo, Book 2, Arthur Victor Palmer) 'Napoleon BML Mines No Liability have issued a report for the fortnight ended September 5, where it states that the development scheme has been formulated and necessary equipment is being ordered. The Napoleon main shaft, (about 1700 feet south of the old Napoleon shaft) will be a four compartment shaft (17ft 6 inches by ft 2 inches inside the timber). aLevels will be opened at approximately 100 ft vertical intervals and cross-cuts extended approximately 125 ft each side of centre country to explore a cross-section across the anticline opposite to the shaft. At every fifth level, main drives will be extended north to connect with the old Napoleon shaft and south approximately 1800 ft. At the latter point, another cross-section of the anticline will be explored by rising and cross-cutting. The old Napoleon will be unwatered and on the 500ft and 1000 ft levels main drives will be driven to connect with main levels from the Napoleon main shaft to the south as well as being driven north 1800 ft where another cross-section of the anticline will be explored. Cross-sections further north and south may be developed as desired and also at intermediate points if necessary. Clearing and grading of the main shaft site are now in progress and the erection of the office and store building is proceeding. The design of engine room, change house and machine shops is now in hand and erection will proceed as soon as working plans and specifications are prepared.' The main shaft has been commenced at 3ft and advanced 10 ft. to 13 ft. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/10975478?searchTerm=napoleon%20bml (The Argus, 8th. September 1934, 'Mining' page 18) Significant to mining history of Bendigo.Black and white photograph of a stamper head being lowered into position on the battery site of the Napoleon Reef Gold Mine. A wooden gantry supports the battery head as it being lowered. Three large concrete foundations are visible in immediate background, two of which have stampers already in position, the third stamper is being lowered onto the final foundation. In immediate foreground, 'boxing' is erected for future concrete pours. napoleon gold mine, napoleon reef gold mine

COLLAGE - CLUNES IN THE 1860's SIX REPRODUCED BLACK AND WHITE AND COLOURED PHOTOGRAPHS MOUNTED IN WOODEN FRAME WITH BOLD EMBOSSED TRIM. CRITERION QUARTZ MINING COMPANY, PORT PHILIP & COLONIAL GOLD MINING COMPANY, VICTORIA QUARTZ MINING COMPANY. VIEW OF CAMP HILL , VIEW OF PORT PHILIP MINE SIGHT, VIEW OF THE LEVEL SITE OF BATTERY SEEN ON THE SITE ALONG STATION FLAT ROAD.local history, photographs, mining and township

The Stanley Works was founded by Frederick Trent Stanley in 1843 located in New Britain, Connecticut USA. The Stanley Rule and Level Company was founded by Frederick's cousin Henry Stanley in 1857. Stanley introduced the first steel tape, Stanley introduced utility knives in 1936. Stanely buildt the largest hand tool plant in the world in New Britain, CT (Connecticut). In 1920, the Rule and Level Co. merged with the Stanley Works, which in turn merged with Black and Decker in 2010.Owned by Kiewa valley resident, Lankey Higginson.Solid wooden plank with brass attached by screws. brass plates at each end, around the level 'window' and further along. Also with a 'badge'. This latter one is beside a ound hollow which has a level window to measure the vertical side. The horizontal level measure is in the centre on the narrower ledge of wood. On the centre wider edges is a groove to assist in hold in the spirit level steady. Above the glass levelAbove the glass level, inscribed on a brass plate is "Stanley / Rule and Level Co. / New Britain Conn. U.S.A. / Pat. 6 -2-91 and 6 -28 -96" Also, 2 small brass plaques / badges inscribed: "ADJ pat. Feb. 1890 / screw."stanley rule and level co., spirit level, higginson family

BHS CollectionBlack and white photograph mounted on rectangular brown board. House, Federation wooden house return verandah with cast iron lace work. Canopies over R.H. front window and side L.H. window Small room with door on end of return. Written on back of photo board ' Mr. L. Taylor 'Graceline' Beech Street, Golden Square, £1250' 2012 photo of house is attached to record.Frank A. Jeffree Photo Bendigoresidential, t.c. watts and son, beech street bendigo

Unknown.1 Pastel drawing in timber frame with gold edging on frame. Subject: drawn on a pale brown background a man and woman standing on a wooden bridge, another man in a boat on the water and another standing in the water. Trees in front of buildings in the background. .2 Pastel drawing in timber frame with gold edging on frame. Subject: 2 people in a boat , stone arched bridge and trees in front of tall buildings in the background .1 Signed at bottom right hand corner "Pollie Price"landscape, buildings

A wallpaper sample donated to the collection by Frances Alexandra (Frankie) Derham (1894–1987). Derham was an Australian artist and educator. A lecturer in art at the Melbourne Kindergarten Training College (1928-64) , she later taught at the Associated Teacher Training Institution (1949-61). Her commitment to `child art’ developed after 1935 when she accepted an invitation from Margaret Lyttle to teach at Preshil school.Frances Derham's collection of nearly ten thousand children’s drawings and paintings was acquired by the Australian National Gallery in 1976. Her interest in art for and by children is reflected in her donation to the Villa Alba Museum of an important and rare collection of early wallpapers designed for children's rooms. Section of a longer nursery wallpaper dado depicting kittens playing with a groups of mice watching. Under the solid and fine lines creating a border at the top is a series of tassels on a green background. Above the similar lower border are sections imitating a wooden batons with the wood grain picked out in black on a yellow background. The colourway used in the sample includes outlines in black, grey, pale yellow and teal green.decorative arts & design, wall coverings – history, wallpapers – history, interior decoration – history, wallpapers -- children's, frances derham, wallpapers -- dado borders

The P.S. Curlip was built by Samuel Richardson & Sons at a Tabbara sawmill in 1889. Alan Richardson, shown in the photograph, was the captain. It was operated along the Snowy River in Australia's Gippsland region between 1890 and 1919, before being washed out to sea, and broken on Marlo beach, by a flash flood in 1919. James Winchester was born in Geelong in 1856. He first sailed into Marlo, aged 15 and returned in the 1870's. he worked on the snagging punt on the Snowy River and also on the Paddle Steamer Curlip which towed the barges to collect the maize grown along the Snowy River. Wooden chutes were constructed along the river banks to load bagged maize onto the barges. The bags of maize were sent down the chutes into the waiting barges. This is a pictorial record of the iconic Paddle Steamer Curlip which has a significant association with Orbost. It records the method of loading maize onto barges through a wooden cchute.A large framed black / white photograph of the Paddle Steamer Curlip and a barge on a river. The barge is being loaded with maize through a large chute. In the background is the Snowy River bridge. the frame is wood. There is also a copy.on back of copy - " Jim Winchester, Alan & Frank Richardson, Curlip - barge & chute for loading maize"p.s.-curlip transport-shipping richardson winchester-james snowy-river maize-loading

The Powder Magazine was built in 1859 by T Dawson and Company for fifteen hundred pounds and was restored in 1966 by the National Trust. The building was constructed to store black-powder used by miners on the goldfields for blasting for mining and quarrying as legally, miners had to leave bulk gunpowder the Powder Magazine overnight. Due to the passing of an 1857 act regulating the importation, transportation and importation of black powder, several Powder Magazines like the Beechworth Powder Magazine were constructed. The Magazine Powder is uniquely designed to ensure that in the chance of an explosion, the explosion is minimalized by travelling vertically rather than horizontally. The Powder Magazine was constructed using granite, slate roofing and a high stone wall and includes several safety features including wooden nails, lightning rod and a solid outer wall. This photograph is historically significant as it documents the development of laws related to mining, the actions taken to ensure the safety of those nearby potentially dangerous equipment and the architectural skills to design a storage facility to minimize damage caused by a potential explosion. A sepia toned rectangular photograph printed on matte paper.Reverse: Beechworth Candid Photos/ Phone 281570/ 5 Finch Street 3747/historic building, beechworth historic building, powder magazine, beechworth

Before setting the barrel head, the cooper smooths the inside surface of some barrels with a stoup, compass or circle plane and an inside shave (or in shave plane). A stoup or compass plane has a convex sole in both directions to work within the doubly curved staves of a barrel. The cooper smooths the outside of the barrel with a downright, another large-handled shave, and a similar scraping tool to finish off called a buzz. The final step is to fit the head and drive on wooden or steel hoops. Making the barrel has taken a number of planes similar but different from those of other trades, each perfectly adapted to a cooper’s work shaping curved surfaces. And if he has done his work well, the barrel will hold the exact amount of liquid and not leak.A tool unique to the cooper used to smooth out the inside of a barrel that has been in use since the making of wooden barrels and buckets for hundreds of years without much change to the design or how the tool is used.Compass or Circle face PlaneNoneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

The opening ceremony of new the bridge over the Diamond Creek at Hurstbridge, designed by Sir John Monash. The single arch concrete bride replaced the original wooden structure erected in 1881. People gathering around 3pm for the Official Opening of Hurst's Bridge, 3 November 1917. View of steam train at Hurstbridge Railway Station in distance. Part of a slide show presentation "Bridges & Waterways of the Shire" by Russell Yeoman to the 13 September 1989 Society meeting. The presentation included slides of historic photos from the Shire of Eltham Pioneers collections as well as several recent views. 1917 'HURST'S BRIDGE.', Eltham and Whittlesea Shires Advertiser and Diamond Creek Valley Advocate (Vic. : 1917 - 1922), 9 November, p. 3. (MORNING.), viewed 28 Jul 2018, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57641838This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 120 format B&W negativesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, diamond creek, hurstbridge, wattle glen, bridge, mia mia, opening day, sir john monash

This insulator was used on phone wires. Insulators were originally designed to keep the wires linking telegraphs and telephones insulated from the wooden poles that held them aloft. Prior to 1925, Australia relied solely on insulators imported from other countries. Glass insulators were first manufactured in Australia in c. 1926 by Australian Glass Manufacturers. Their factory was, and still is, located on South Dowling Road in Sydney. Australian Glass Manufacturers (A.G.M.) had developed a toughened type of glass very similar to Pyrex glass. Since the Pyrex name could not be used due to trademark infringements, they called their glass AGEE for Australian Glass. Many fruit jars, insulators, pie dishes and other glass items were manufactured with this AGEE trademark during the 1926 to 1940 period.Glass insulators are rapidly becoming a thing of the past in Australia with open-wire communication lines rarely existing near metropolitan areas. The remaining open wire lines are being abandoned and dismantled everywhere with very few insulators being saved as interest in them in Australia is quite limited. (ref Australian Insulators web-site). This item is an example of a piece of equipment which has been superceded.Purple glass insulator by Ageeinsulator, electricity, agee

Before setting the barrel head, the cooper smooths the inside surface of some barrels with a stoup, compass or circle plane and an inside shave (or in shave plane). A stoup or compass plane has a convex sole in both directions to work within the doubly curved staves of a barrel. The cooper smooths the outside of the barrel with a downright, another large-handled shave, and a similar scraping tool to finish off called a buzz. The final step is to fit the head and drive on wooden or steel hoops. Making the barrel has taken a number of planes similar but different from those of other trades, each perfectly adapted to a cooper’s work shaping curved surfaces. And if he has done his work well, the barrel will hold the exact amount of liquid and not leak.A tool unique to the cooper used to smooth out the inside of a barrel that has been in use since the making of wooden barrels and buckets for hundreds of years without much change to the design or how the tool is used.Compass or Circle face PlaneNonewarrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, coopers tools, joiners plane, coopers plane, woodworking tools, circle plane, convex plane, carpenters wood planes

A charabanc or "char-à-banc" is a type of horse-drawn vehicle or early motor coach, usually open-topped, common in Britain during the early part of the 20th century. It has "benched seats arranged in rows, looking forward, commonly used for large parties, whether as public conveyances or for excursions." It was especially popular for sight-seeing or "works outings" to the country or the seaside, organised by businesses once a year. The name derives from the French char à bancs ("carriage with wooden benches"), the vehicle having originated in France in the early 19th century. In Australia a modern similar type of bus or motorcoach, with a lateral door for each row of seats, survived up to the 1970s and was referred to as side loader bus; but all or most of them were not open-topped. (Wikipedia)Two pages relating to buses, char-a-bancs and trams in Ballaratbus, tram, char-a-banc, john lucas, john j. mckenna, hugh williams, a.b. smith, thomas pascoe, h.g. whiteley, walter hearne, thomas james, george skinner, sydney stapleton, hugh george lake, oscar cruikshank, robert taylor, thomas powell, wilmot, j.p. bennett

Photo of a display of hand made toys (wooden trains, doll cribs, children's chairs, soft balls and dolls made by Victorian school children). Above them is a sign "I'm a set of wheels for a lucky boy". Appears to be gifts at a Christmas party for Junior Legatees. For many years Melbourne Legacy held Christmas parties for junior legatees - the children of deceased servicemen, often hosted by the Governor at Government House. It came from a Legacy envelope marked P7, 1966. It was an early attempt at building an archive. The contents were described in red pen as: 1 Christmas Party / Govt House 2 Toy presentation Dept of Education 3 Residence Christmas party 3 HMAS Cerberus / Operation Float / Operation Firewood (added in blue pen). (these other items will be items 00411 to 00416)A record of the items and events provided to Junior Legatees.Black and white photo of handmade toys.Stored in an envelope marked P7, listing it's contents in red pen and 1966 in pencil.christmas gifts, junior legatee outing

Construction of the Colac-Beech Forest railway line commenced in 1900 and the first activities were the work gangs and their camps. About 100 men were engaged in laying and ballasting the track while others formed the earthworks and the building of culverts and bridges. The first camp was established eight kilometres from Colac, the second 12 km south, and the remainder spaced at similar distances as the work progressed. The camps were served by butchers and bakers from Colac that visited them as many times each week to satisfy the mens' requirements. Many of the men had their families with them. They all lived in tents that consisted of a wooden floor around which the canvas cover was built. A calico partition divided the eating and sleeping quarters, and all cooking was done in camp ovens or at open fires.B/W. 158mm x 203mm. Near Colac, a narrow gauge construction camp comprising 21 workmen, a horse, and two tipping trays.construction camp; railways; colac;

While one of the lesser prime loading points sawn and split timber were loaded at Beech Forest, and a large share of this was brought to the station over two timber tramways that operated between 1904 and 1933. At the eastern end of the railway yard, near the six-ton derrick crane, a wooden tramline curved out the gate and along the road for about 8 km (5 miles) to the co-operative Box Company, known locally as the Box mill, owned by the Victorian Diary Farmers' Co-operative whose purpose was the milling of butter boxes. Other millers also provided timber. Logs were hauled to the mill by horses, and the sawn timber despatched over a tramline that joined the Box mill line about 1.2 km (0.75 miles) along. B/W. Two men loading puncheons (a short post approximately 4 feet [1.2 metres] especially used for supporting a roof in a coal mine) on a NQR wagon at Beech Forest. Note the lack of trees in the background.beech forest; railways; puncheons;

James Moore and Sons had a timber and saw mill at City Rd., South Melbourne. They employed over 600 men with a wide range of skills, turning out milled timber for building, household items and other cabinetry, the wooden bodies of trams and even what is believed to be the first commercially produced airplane propeller. The site also included a nail making factory. These goods were sold throughout the state before the company went into voluntary liquidation in 1935. James Louis Moore was born in Ireland 12/8/1843 and died in London 3/2/1913 before his body was returned to Melbourne for burial in the family vault in April 1913. The business continued under his sons Walter, Louis and Arthur. Another son, William had disappeared in 1906.James Moore and Sons Timber Yard and Saw Mills Price List for September 1922 and April 1924 listing prices for floorings; Oregon; building hardwood; galvanised iron; linings etc. Four pages.history, bendigo, abbott collection, james moore and sons

For over 45 years, Richard has used Wendy regularly for recreational fishing and occasional sailing out of Queenscliff. He has the original cotton canvas sails that were fitted on the boat when she was built, and which still are in working condition. Richard says that one of his favourite pastimes has been trolling for pike around Swan Island, close by Queenscliff, ensuring that the heritage of this Lacco-built boat fishing boat is preserved. In about 2015, Wendy underwent a rebuild including: a new centre-case, ribs and deck, and a new Yanmar engine. The works were done by Bryon Miller of Peninsula Wooden Boats. Wendy remains berthed, fore and aft, at Number 12 pile in front of Queenscliff Lonsdale Yacht Club. Well known couta boat in QueenscliffeAustralian made Kopsen vortex bilge pump.Kopsen Vortexcouta boats, 'wendy", bilge pump

The plastic ball has bells inside to make it audible when it is hit by the rectangular wooden 'Swish bat'. 'Swish' is a fast, invigorating game, and was developed by blind people in Australia and has been played here for many years. It is played on both a recreational and competitive level; and allows blind, vision impaired and sighted people to compete on almost equal terms. Swish is like table tennis, but instead of hitting a ball over a net, the ball is hit under a net and must travel along the surface of the table. The net is at a height that so that those players with various degrees of sight do not have an advantage over blind players. Swish is either played as a doubles or singles competition. The game can be played from one game to the best of five, and the first to eleven or the advantage of 2 after eleven.1 swish ball with 26 holes containing 3 metal bellsrecreation, swish

The plastic ball has bells inside to make it audible when it is hit by the rectangular wooden 'Swish bat'. 'Swish' is a fast, invigorating game, and was developed by blind people in Australia and has been played here for many years. It is played on both a recreational and competitive level; and allows blind, vision impaired and sighted people to compete on almost equal terms. Swish is like table tennis, but instead of hitting a ball over a net, the ball is hit under a net and must travel along the surface of the table. The net is at a height that so that those players with various degrees of sight do not have an advantage over blind players. Swish is either played as a doubles or singles competition. The game can be played from one game to the best of five, and the first to eleven or the advantage of 2 after eleven.1 swish ball with 28 holes containing 4 metal bellsrecreation, swish

A brown wooden award depicting a two AFL players reaching for a mark in the lower center half of the board with a coloured image of an AFL football on a playing field located above the players. At the top of the shield is inscribed 'R.V.I.B. Football Tipping Competition' and below the relief is written 'Donated by Ted Petersen'. There are 16 plates on the shield, with 14 inscribed as follows: 1987 Marieta Doughty - 1988 Len Stevens, Steven Mallia -- 1989 David Wilkes-Johnson -- 1990 Laurie Hoskins -- 1991 Jon Lock -- 1992 Peter Hilton -- 1993 Gunther Glas -- 1994 Malcolm Fraser -- 1995 David Horsfall -- 1996 Peter Hilton -- 1997 Anne Norton, Simon von Saldern -- 1998 Nicola Roche -- 1999 Purita McConnon -- 2000 Pam McAleese.Digital Image of engraved rectangular boardroyal victorian institute for the blind, awards

Colour slide of school children packaging toy wooden planes in boxes. The toys were part of an arrangement with the Department of Education. Schools would produce the toys, often in wood work classes and they were donated to Legacy and Carry On. The toys were given to Junior Legatees at the Government House Christmas Party. Excess toys were passed to a dozen additional charities. The scheme started in 1949 and by 1962 over 8,200 toys were donated, from 201 schools. The total to that date was over 72,500 toys. It appears to be 1963 as there was space for the tally to be completed. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image is the best available.A record of toys being made and donated to Legacy in the 1960s.Colour slide of six school children working at packaging toys at a desk, in a white plastic mount and grey mount on the reverse.toys, department of education, toy appeal, school boys, school girls

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Peg Tool for shoe-making. Metal tool with leather handle, pointed one end and round disc on other end.bootmaking tools

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.A metal hole punch, and metal button eyelet pliers, both used for shoe-making.AMG Darholeybootmaking tools

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Handmade leather legging with 4 metal clips.boot covers, leggings

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Cast Iron Last on a four-footed base/stand. Last is removable from stand, and can be moved into different positions on top of the stand.bootmaking tools, boot lasts

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Cast iron double-ended Lap Last.bootmaking tools, boot lasts

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Cast Iron pieces - 1 Heel cutter and 1 Sole cutter.bootmaking tools