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Orbost & District Historical Society
shields - blackout, WW11
By 1941, the threat of Japanese invasion caused restrictions to daily life. Blackouts became the norm. To prevent identification from enemy planes all lights had to be turned down, including car headlights that had to be covered to minimize light exposure. In Australia more relaxed regulations led to the Australian air raid precautions being dubbed the “brownout”. These shields limited the amount of light emitted by a vehicle. To drive at night without them was an offence; however, the increase in road accidents led to the removal of headlight masks everywhere in Australia south of Rockhampton from 15 February 1943.These shields, though not rare, evoke a period of restrictions, fear, rationing and confinement.Pair of handmade car light blackout shields. Black round metal with scoop at front as well as small glass partition.shields-blackout ww11 transport-motor-vehicles -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Badge - 10th LH badge
The 10th Australian Light Horse (VMR) was raised from companies of the pre-federation Victorian Mounted Rifles mainly in the Gippsland area of Victoria. In 1912 it was renumbered 13th Light Horse with the motto Loyal till Death and the territorial title Gippsland. Following World War One the regiment retained its number, title and motto. The regiment trained as a cavalry regiment till August 1940, when it converted from horse to mechanised initially as 13th Motor Regiment then 13th Armoured Regiment. It trained in Victoria and, as the Japanese threat to the mainland declined, was disbanded in October 1943 with men going to other units.Hat badge and two collar badges of the 10th Light Horse (VMR) Regiment. Badges have a red fabric backing.light horse, vmr, gippsland, 10th -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph
The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. In December 1941, 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 20th Motor Regiment. In 1943 the Regiment was deployed to Merauke, Dutch New Guinea. Upon its return in April 1945, the Regiment was redesignated 20th Pioneer Battalion. It was disbanded following the end of the war. 20th Light Horse was the only light horse regiment to serve overseas in WWII.This is one of a collection of photographs featuring a Light Horse regiment drawn from rural and regional Victoria in the period immediately prior to mobilisation for World War 2 (1939-1945).Black and white photograph, mounted on card, of line of men wearing slouch hats with plumes and holding rifles. They appear to be practicing advancing then dropping to a prone firing position. @0th Light Horse Regiment circa 1939. -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Hat Fur Felt
Hat is of modern manufacture but created to represent the hat worn by a soldier of the 11th Australian Light Horse Regt in the period 1903-@1912. Boer War Mannequin (Jack's Dad), lacks a hat of the period and this hat is being used until a suitable hat can be located. The hat represents the period immediately after the Boer WarHat, wool felt, green/khaki, broad brim Puggaree with 1 white fold, polyester/cotton Badge 11th Light Horse Regt. Feather, cock,100% wool Made in China Finest Qualityhat light horse felt pre ww1 -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - 8th LH Tallangatta
The Hutton Trophy or Shield was awarded annually to the best Light Horse troop in Australia. The Trophy is now held at the Armoured Centre, Puckapunyal.Shows Citizen soldiers from North East Victoria.Collection of nine black and white photographs taken at Tallangatta during competition for the Hutton Trophy, 1938. Won by Tallangatta Troop " A " Squadron, 8th Light Horse Regiment.tallangatta, hutton, light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Beersheba Day 1992
On 31 October 1992, a parade was held at Australian War Memorial to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the charge at Beersheba, Egypt (present day Israel) on 31 October 1917 during the second battle of Gaza, by two regiments of Australian Light Horse, 4th ALH and 12th ALH to capture the all-important wells in the town. An Honour Guard drawn from the Victorian Mounted Rifles Squadron of 4/19 Prince of Wales’s Light Horse, commanded by Lieutenant Kelvin Robertson, paraded in the forecourt of the AWM together with a body of horsemen from the Light Horse Association. Host for the parade was Mrs Elyne Mitchell OAM, daughter of wartime commander Lieutenant General Harry Chauvel. The reviewing officer was Lieutenant General J C Grey OA Chief of the General Staff. Concurrently, a parade was held in Melbourne where 4/19 Prince of Wales’s Light Horse and other units and services exercised their right to freedom of the city. The parade concluded at the Shrine where wreaths were laid at the Light Horse memorial and the water trough.Colour photograph of Honour Guard drawn for VMR Squadron 4/19 Prince of Wales's Light Horse dressing ranks at Australian War Memorial, Beersheba Day 31 October 1992.beersheba day, awm, vmr, parade -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - 8LH compilation
The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Rebuilt in Egypt under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Leslie Maygar VC the regiment went on the serve throughout the Middle East Campaign. Colonel Maygar died of wounds at Beersheba when the regiment was attacked by enemy aircraft while waiting to follow up the successful charge of the 4th LH Brigade on 30 October 1917. The 8th Light Horse AIF was disbanded in 1919, but soon after re-raised as the 8th (Indi) Light Horse in the Citizen Military Forces, superseding 16th (Indi) Light Horse. It had its headquarters at Benalla with sub-units throughout the Upper Murray and Northeast Victoria. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded.Framed compilation of five black and white photographs of 8th Light Horse squadrons plus transport and officers, also colour patch. Photographs taken in Egypt c. 1915.8th, light horse, wwi, world war one, egypt -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Malvern Depot - traffic employees, c1919
Photograph of some 94 traffic staff in front of the Malvern Depot, possibly near the time of the MMTB absorption of the PMTT. The employees are wearing two different styles of uniforms (63 dark and 31 light) all with caps. Shows the roller doors at the top of the depot and the overhead trolley mechanism that allowed the doors to close and bypass the trolley wire. There are four trams behind the men - each showing a different destination - Windsor, Esplanade, Mont Albert and Burke Road. The three cars on the right appear to be C class cars. Yields information about PMTT depot employees c1919Black and white print mounted onto a light brown card Under the print is a letter machine blue / white Dymo label under - "KEW DEPOT"tramways, personnel, uniforms, destination boxes, pmtt, mmtb, trams, c class, malvern depot -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Lees 8 LH
The 8th Light Horse (Indi) Regiment superseded the 16th Light Horse in 1919. It had its headquarters at Benalla with sub-units throughout the Upper Murray and Northeast Victoria. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded.Part of a series showing aspects of Citizen Soldiering in 1930sCollection of five photographs of Trooper Les Lees, 8th Light Horse Regiment taken at his home in Victoria immediately prior to his departure to World War Two.Numbered in top right hand corner " 1, 2,3,4 & 5 "military, 8th, light horse, world war two, wwii, militia, lees -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - 8th LH Gallipoli
The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Faded black and white photograph of two 8th Light Horse soldiers standing beside sleeping dugout in side of sandbagged trench at Gallipoli, 1915. Photo is glued to fluted plastic backing.world war one, wwi, gallipoli, anzac, 8th, light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - 8th LH Gallipoli
The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Faded black and white photograph of 8th Light Horse soldiers preparing to dis-embark from warship to land at Anzac Cove, May 1915. Photo is glued to fluted plastic backing.world war one, wwi, gallipoli, anzac, 8th, light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - 8th LH Gallipoli
The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Faded black and white photograph of 8th Light Horse soldiers wearing shorts putting on his boot outside dugout in trench at Gallipoli, 1915. Photo is glued to fluted plastic backing.world war one, wwi, gallipoli, anzac, 8th, light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph, 1939 circa
The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. In December 1941, 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 20th Motor Regiment. In 1943 the Regiment was deployed to Merauke, Dutch New Guinea. Upon its return in April 1945, the Regiment was redesignated 20th Pioneer Battalion. It was disbanded following the end of the war. 20th Light Horse was the only light horse regiment to serve overseas in WWII.This is one of a collection of photographs featuring a Light Horse regiment drawn from rural and regional Victoria in the period immediately prior to mobilisation for World War 2 (1939-1945). Black and white photograph mounted on card of six soldiers outside a ridge tent in a camp. Three are in shirt sleeves: two are wearing tunics,, one is wearing bandolier, hat with plumes. Part of 20th Light Horse collection20th light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph
The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. In December 1941, 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 20th Motor Regiment. In 1943 the Regiment was deployed to Merauke, Dutch New Guinea. Upon its return in April 1945, the Regiment was redesignated 20th Pioneer Battalion. It was disbanded following the end of the war. 20th Light Horse was the only light horse regiment to serve overseas in WWII.This is one of a collection of photographs featuring a Light Horse regiment drawn from rural and regional Victoria in the period immediately prior to mobilisation for World War 2 (1939-1945).Black and white photograph ,mounted on card, of 20 soldiers standing and sitting. All are in cotton drill work dress, wearing slouch hats with plumes, boots but no leggings. 20th Light Horse Regiment in camp, circa 1939. -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Horse lines
The 13th Light Horse Regiment (AIF) was raised in Broadmeadows Victoria in March 1915. Following service at Gallipoli the regiment was broken up with squadrons going to France as Divisional Cavalry Squadrons of 2nd, 4th and 5th Divisions. The regiment was reformed as firstly 1st Anzac Corps Mounted Troops and later Australian Corps Mounted TroopsBlack and white photograph of horse line with building and tents in the background. Thought to be 13th Light Horse.military, light horse, horses, aif, wwi, great war -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Document - McGrath history 8th ALH
William McGrath enlisted as a Trooper in the 8th Light Horse in 1915. He rose to the rank of Squadron Sergeant Major and was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant on Gallipoli. McGrath served throughout the war with 8th Light Horse Regiment progressing through the officer ranks. This history was compiled from personal knowledge and the war diary of the regiment. McGrath's successor as adjutant, Captain Austin, is believed to have had input into the document and for some years was thought to have been the originator.Unique document of regimental interest.Typed history of the 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF 1915-1919 prepared by Captain William McGrath when posted as Adjutant of the Regiment 1917-1919.military, history, light horse, world war one, wwi, mcgrath -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Pike, 1904 (estimated)
Wooden Pike, 11th Light Horse Regiment, originally carrying King's Banner, brass ferrule each end, topped with brass Queen's crown surmounted by a lion wearing a crown.Inscribed Plate: Presented by his most gracious majesty the King Emperor to the 11th Aust Light Horse Regt in recognition of services rendered to the Empire in South Africa 1904pike, boer war, heraldry, 11th light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Award - HR Nichols trophy
The 8th Light Horse was formed in 1903 from Victorian Mounted Rifles companies in North East Victoria with Headquarters at Benalla. In 1912 the regiment was renumbered 16th Light Horse. In 1920 the title reverted to 8th Light Horse with the territorial title Indi Light Horse. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded. Large silver trophy cup with handles and mesh cover mounted on a bakelite base. Engraved with details of presenter and purpose, and winners' shields."The HR Nicholls / perpetual trophy / Individual aggregate / 8th Light Horse Regt / Annual shoot"; "SSM / AE Howell / 95 Pts / 1933"; "SSM / AE Howell / 110 Pts / 1935"; "Tr JG Moyle / 1937", and "Lieut B Fraser / 1939"8th, light horse, shooting, trophy, nicholls -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Lord Gowrie at Corowa Camp
The Governor General Lord Gowrie visited the 8th Light Horse regiment when it was in camp at the Corowa Showgrounds September 1939. The second World War broke out three days later. The 8th Light Horse (Indi) Regiment superseded the 16th Light Horse in 1919. It had its headquarters at Benalla with sub-units throughout the Upper Murray and Northeast Victoria. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded. In 1948, the 8th together with 13th and 20th Light Horse regiments were linked in the raising of the 8th /13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regiment.Black and white photograph in wooden frame - two mounted horsemen with soldier standing in frontCorowa Camp 1939 ( Sept. ) Left - Trumpet Major Dobbie, 2 Cav. Div. Band. Centre - Lord Gowrie VC, Governor General of Australia. Right - Major Morrison, OC 8th Light Horsemilitary, corowa, gowrie, light horse -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Ceremonial object - Regimental Guidon, circa 1990
The 20th Light Horse was raised as part of the reorganised Citizen Military Forces (Militia) following the end of WWI. It had Headquarters at Seymour Victoria and sub-units along the Goulburn Valley. The guidon, emblazoned with the South African and WWI battle honours, was presented in 1927. The 20th Light Horse served overseas during WWII being the only Light Horse unit to do so and received the battle honour South West Pacific 1944-45. In 1948 when 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles was raised as the descendent regiment of the 8th, 13th and 20th Light Horse Regiments it became the custodian of the three guidons including that of the 20th Light Horse. In 1991, the two Victorian mounted regiments 8/13th VMR and 4/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse were linked to form a single regiment which had custodianship of six guidons, 4th, 8th 13th, 17th 19th and 20th Light Horse Regiments. All except the 4th Light Horse Guidon were laid up at the Shrine in August 2005. The 4th guidon is to be laid up in November 2017.A representative example of a symbol of the esprit de corps and achievements of a regiment of citizen soldiers drawn from Victoria. Well provenanced and fine example of military heraldic art.Burgundy corded cotton flag with gold thread fringe with rope and tassels. at centre is 20th Light Horse badge surrounded by wattle wreath with purple and gold rectangular colour patch under. XX in top left corner and battle honours on either side of centre motif."South Africa 1899-1902, Gallipoli 1915, Palestine 1917-18, Anzac, Egypt 1915-17, South West Pacific 1944-45"guidons, flags, embroidery, citizen military forces, heraldry, light horse regiments -
Greensborough Historical Society
Domestic object - Bottle, AGM (Australian Glass Manufacturers), Olive oil bottle, 1922-1929
Clear glass olive oil bottle, tinted with sun exposure to light violet, screw top closure. Embossed sideways: “Faulding’s Virgin Olive Oil”; vertically on neck “Size No.2” and around the base: “This bottle is the property of Faulding & Co Ltd”. The base has the AGM mark for 1922 to 1929. Clear glass oil bottle although tinted with sun exposure to light violet, screw top closure.Embossed sideways: “Faulding’s Virgin Olive Oil”; vertically on neck “Size No.2” and around the base: “This bottle is the property of Faulding & Co Ltd”. The base has the AGM mark for 1922 to 1929. bottles, agm, agm (australian glass manufacturers), olive oil bottles -
Federation University Historical Collection
Scientific Instrument, Transformer or Voltage Switch
Transformer with switchable voltage. Voltage ranges from 110 to 240. This means it can be in different countries. It has a 6 volt input for light/lamp. Made in 1940s. The core of the transformer is laminated steel, each layer insulated to stop from over heating. The transformer is still in working order.Transformer with switch for different voltage settings. Globe connected to unit. Universal transformertransformer, switch, voltage, light, laminated steel, insulated, switchable, universal -
RSL Victoria - Anzac House Reference Library and Memorabilia Collection
Photograph Album
George Langley, a teacher from Port Melbourne, embarked from Melbourne onboard HMAT Ulysses on 10th May 1915. Commanded the Australian units of the Imperial Camel Corps and later was CO of the 14th Light Horse. Returned to Australia in July 1919. Albums (7), photographs, negatives and postcards of George Furner Langley (14 Australian Light Horse / Imperial Camel Corps). ww1, george furner langley, imperial camel corps, 14 light horse, photographs -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Light Horse Regiment
No specific information on this photo relating to unit, or date. Possibly it is a light horse regiment about to convert from horse mounted to mechanised, and the beret wearing members are armoured corps staff at Puckapunyal, c.1940.Framed black and white group photograph of soldiers wearing light horse uniform and slouch hats interspersed with soldiers on darker uniforms and berets.light horse, beret -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Portrait, Major General John Keatly Forsyth CMG, 1920 (estimated)
Major-General John K Forsyth CMG raised 1st Light Horse Brigade. The men of the 4th Light Horse Regiment regarded him as their first CO, although technically he was not, and always referred to him as 'Dad". He did not officially assume command of the 4th until it reached Egypt, effective from 13 December 1914.Framed portrait of Maj Gen John Keatly Forsyth CMG, Commanding Officer 4th Light Horse Regiment. Hanging in glass case with display including his riding crop and fly whisk.Brass plate inscribed: Major General J K Forsyth CMG DSO 1st CO 4th LH REGT 1st AIF Artist's signature not legible: E L P????world war 1, 4th light horse, general forsyth, portraits -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph
The 8th Light Horse (Indi) Regiment superseded the 16th Light Horse in 1919. It had its headquarters at Benalla with sub-units throughout the Upper Murray and Northeast Victoria. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded.Citizen soldiers immediately prior to World War Two.Black and white photograph of two officers of the 8th Light Horse, Lieutenants L. Wildsmith of Tallangatta and A. McGeogh of Wodonga. Photo appeared in Border Morning Mail 10 March 1939. -
Colac RSL Sub Branch
Accessory - Light Horse Spurs, Manufacturer's name partially obscured, EARLY 1900
SET OF SPURS FROM COLAC LIGHT HORSE REGIMENT 1ST WORLD WARSet of Spurs from 1st world war and belonged to the Colac Light Horse Regiment, Spurs were strapped on to soldiers boots. Made of metal and has chain to secure them to boots. Leather strap is missing. Has had some inscription but is worn of due to use. Is slightly visible on one spur.horse, spurs, 1st world war, colac light horse regiment -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Functional object - Dish, 1930 circa
Presented as part of a collection of memorabilia from the former 13th Light Horse Regiment to 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles when it was raised in May 1948 as the descendent regiment of the 8th, 13th and 20th Light Horse Regiments.Well provenanced link to an historic Victorian mounted regimentWhite oval shaped ceramic serving dish with lid. Both dish and lid carry a red monogram incorporating the regimental badge denoting the object was made specially for 13th Light Horse Officers' Mess. The red on white is the colour patch of the regiment."13th (Gippsland) LH Regt" above regimental badge, and "Officers' Mess" below badge. Marked on base of dish " 'Duraline' Supervitrifies Grindley Hotelware Co England" and "Loftus Moran Pty Ltd Melbourne"13th light horse, tureen -
Melbourne Legacy
Photograph - Exercise Classes, Widows activities, 1988
Photo of ladies doing light exercises on chairs at Legacy House. From 1928 until the 1980s, Melbourne Legacy ran an excellent exercise program for its widows. Classes were held weekly at Legacy House and there was often a waiting list for the water classes, which had both swimming instruction and water exercises. Some of the class members were in their 90s, many just learning to swim.A record of activities provided for Legacy widows.Black and white photo of four older women sitting in chairs doing light exercises.Stamped on the back: "Jul 15 3 29 AM '88", "COPYRIGHT / This photograph may not be / reproduced with permission / in writing from the / Pictoral Dept. of "The Age" / 250 Spencer Street, Melbourne, / Victoria, 3001, Australia" Taped to the back: " PHOTOGRAPHER: NEIL NEWITT DATE: 15/7/88 DEPT: FOR E.G. / SENIOR CITIZENS (WOMEN ONLY) AT / "AEROBICS" AT LEGACY HOUSE / STORY DAVID BRUCE."widows, exercise classes, activities -
Melbourne Legacy
Photograph - Exercise Classes, Widows activities, 1988
Ladies doing light exercises on chairs at Legacy House. From 1928 until the 1980s, Melbourne Legacy ran an excellent exercise program for its widows. Classes were held weekly at Legacy House and there was often a waiting list for the water classes, which had both swimming instruction and water exercises. Some of the class members were in their 90s, many just learning to swim.A record of activities provided for Legacy widows.Black and white photo of three older women sitting in chairs doing light exercises.Stamped on the back: "Jul 15 3 29 AM '88", "COPYRIGHT / This photograph may not be / reproduced with permission / in writing from the / Pictoral Dept. of "The Age" / 250 Spencer Street, Melbourne, / Victoria, 3001, Australia" Taped to the back: "NEIL NEWITT 15/7/88 E.G. / SENIOR CITIZENS (WOMEN ONLY) AT / "AEROBICS" AT LEGACY HOUSE / STORY DAVID BRUCE."widows, exercise classes, activities