This early tobacco tin was manufactured in England and imported to the "colony" Australia at the beginning of the 1900s. This manufacturer had won the Gold Medal at the Liverpool International Exhibition in 1884. This tobacco would have therefore been very expensive to purchase making it a must for the wealthier client of the Kiewa Valley. The Golden Flake Cavendish smells of the man of wealth and position. In this era the type of dress and the brand of tobacco smoked showed everyone at first glance where the man using it was on the social ladder and his pecking order. With the demise of tobacco smoking in the early 2000s clothes themselves do not show the pecking order in that quickly visualised manner, as at the time of manufacture of this tobacco tin. In the 21st century the level that men are in the socio economic field is realized on "the social information" available on the internet.This tobacco tin relays a long ago era, when personal contact, and not something that has been written down by some "unknown", was valued as the true appraisal of a member of the community. This was especially relevant in a small regional area such as the Kiewa Valley. Although social networking was not as fast then as the internet provides now, appearances, manners, fashion and etiquette with first impressions high on the order of evaluating someone in the community. Pointer such as the brand of tobacco smoked was part of the rural assessment method. Up until the demise of the Australian Tobacco Industry, circa 2004, the Kiewa Valley and surrounding district was part of a vibrant producer of tobacco leaves. The remnants of this industry still remain today but the drying sheds (for tobacco leaves) are now used to store hay for the valley's dairy and beef cattle industries.A dark metal tobacco tin covered in a bright metallic gold fleck pattern with a black frame on the lid around a drawing of a woodsman with a musket and axe sitting on a stump overlooking a valley that reads "Pioneer Brand", next to a company seal incorporating a wreath, eagle and shield. The front side reads "Richmond Cavendish Co./ Limited/ Liverpool." and the right and left side "Golden Flake Cavendish". The bottom has the same woodsman feature as the lid. The back side is an elongated diagram featuring tobacco leaves and plant summit. Inside lid surface has a half torn coloured (red, black and green) sketch on paper of the woodsman scene depicted on the top lid.The following inscriptions are displayed on the top and inside lid and on the bottom tobacco tin: "PIONEER BRAND" and to the left of the scene the "SEAL OF THE COMPANY TRADE MARK" Both side of the ens have the following words in large thick print "GOLDEN FLAKE CAVENDISH" and each is contained withih a black boarder.pipe tobacco, cigarette tins, smoking accessories, personal effects, tobacco containers

Edison Records was one of the early record labels that pioneered sound recording and reproduction, and was an important player in the early recording industry. The first phonograph cylinders were manufactured in 1888, followed by Edison's foundation of the Edison Phonograph Company in the same year. The recorded wax cylinders, later replaced by Blue Amberol cylinders, and vertical-cut Diamond Discs, were manufactured by Edison's National Phonograph Company from 1896 on, reorganized as Thomas A. Edison, Inc. in 1911. Until 1910 the recordings did not carry the names of the artists. The company began to lag behind its rivals in the 1920s, both technically and in the popularity of its artists, and halted production of recordings in 1929. Thomas A. Edison invented the phonograph, the first device for recording and playing back sound, in 1877. After patenting the invention and benefiting from the publicity and acclaim it received, Edison and his laboratory turned their attention to the commercial development of electric lighting, playing no further role in the development of the phonograph for nearly a decade. Start of the Recording Industry: In 1887, Edison turned his attention back to improving the phonograph and the phonograph cylinder. The following year, the Edison company introduced the ”Perfected Phonograph”. Edison introduced wax cylinders approximately 4+1⁄4 inches (11 cm) long and 2+1⁄4 inches (5.7 cm) in external diameter, which became the industry standard. They had a maximum playing time of about 3 minutes at 120 RPM, but around the turn of the century the standard speed was increased to (first 144) and then 160 RPM to improve clarity and volume, reducing the maximum to about 2 minutes and 15 seconds. Several experimental wax cylinder recordings of music and speech made in 1888 still exist. The wax entertainment cylinder made its commercial debut in 1889 at first, the only customers were entrepreneurs who installed nickel-in-the-slot phonographs in amusement arcades, saloons and other public places. At that time, a phonograph cost the equivalent of several months' wages for the average worker and was driven by an electric motor powered by hazardous, high-maintenance wet cell batteries. After more affordable spring-motor-driven phonographs designed for home use were introduced in 1895, the industry of producing recorded entertainment cylinders for sale to the general public began in earnest. Blank records were an important part of the business early on. Most phonographs had or could be fitted with attachments for the users to make their own recordings. One important early use, in line with the original term for a phonograph as a "talking machine", was in business for recording dictation. Attachments were added to facilitate starting, stopping, and skipping back the recording for dictation and playback by stenographers. The business phonograph eventually evolved into a separate device from the home entertainment phonograph. Edison's brand of business phonograph was called the Ediphone. The collection of three phonograph cylinders are an example of early recorded music use for domestic entertainment. They are significant as they represent the beginnings of the modern recording industry.Cardboard tube-shaped gramophone cylinder box with lid. The printed label on the outside of the box advertises the maker and patent details. The Catalogue Number and Title are either printed or hand written on the cylinder’s lid. This cylinder was made by Edison 1908 and contains Record number 53 by Sandy McNab. c. 1908On label “Edison Record No. 53, Sandy McNab" and "Form no. 1130, April 1908. Patented December 6 1904, No. 2109, and December 6 1904 No. 2110. “This record is sold by the National Phonograph Company of Australia Ltd, at Sydney Australia.” Trade Mark Thomas A. Edison warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, gramophone record, gramophone cylinder, edison cylinder, edison record, home entertainment, music recording, edison laboratory orange nj, usa, national phonograph company of australia ltd sydney, thomas a. edison

(GBR flag, regd Lowestoft, ON 386484, c/s MWUO5, 1641 GRT, 493 NRT)Howard Smith Presentation Certificate. Framed and illuminated certificate of appreciation for 'Joseph Twohig' for his service with the Howard Smith Company. [Original held behind the print in the frame]. Certificate is hand signed by several persons. Certificate consists of an oval image of a transition ship at the top with several other images of ships surrounding the text. A chain surrounds the outer edge of the certificate. Frame is heavily gilded and features raised 'C' scrolls and acanthus leaves around the outer border edge of the frame.Circa 1890.Joseph Twohig Esq./ Head Wharfinger,/ Howard Smith Company LTD/ Melbourne/ Dear Sir/ On the occasion of your voluntarily relinquishing the position/ you have held for the past 32 years as Head Wharfinger to the Howard/ Smith Company Limited, Melbourne, we, the undersigned of your fellow/ employees who have been long and closely associated with you, desire to/ express our appreciation of your sterling qualities/ Your high sense of honor and integrity have won the esteem of all/ of us, and in every way your life among us has been one calculated to/ improve all who are willing to take pattern by it/ we sincerely trust that, after your long and arduous labors, the/ Almighty will be pleased to spare you many years to enjoy the fruits/ of your toil/ We are, Dear Sir/ Yours most sincerely

2 newspaper cuttings, 1 from The Sun and 1 from the Bendigo Advertiser, both dated Friday, 9/1/70. Articles are about forfeited shares held by the manager in trust since 1965. Also mentions the company holds shares in Mary River Mines Ltd in the Northern Territory and the company, Silver Spoon, near Heathcote.mine, gold, central deborah gold mine, central deborah gold mine, newspaper cuttings on central deborah gold mine, mary river mines ltd., silver spoon mine ltd.

Document. The Marong Gold Company Accounts 1902. Ledger page of 'Cheques to Draw September 1902 Accounts'. The Marong Gold Company is stamped in purple ink. Paper signed by A. H. Thomas and dated 24 Oct. 1902. Names mentioned include John Gee, W. E. Sheehan, A. H. Thomas, John Sanderson & Co.cottage, miners, the marong gold company accounts, john gee, w. e. sheehan, a. h. thomas, john sanderson & co

Document: Letter to McColl, Rankin & Stanistreet from South Costerfield Antimony and Gold Mining Company No Liability, a thank you letter for the terms and conditions for borrowing Central Napoleon's Crushing Battery, South Costerfield Company accepts terms, document was found in the back of the Central Napoleon Co N.L minutes book no 2 now numbered 2205.712a.organization, business, industry - mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet, mining, gold mining, central napoleon

Documents: North Deborah Mine - Annual Reports, Annual Reports of North Deborah Mining Company No Liability for 1969 & 1970, Part a in 1969 & Part b is 1970, printed pages several pages each stapled, markings read ''North Deborah Mining Company NL, Annual Report and Notice of Meeting'' printed on front page of each.organization, business, industrial - mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet, mining, gold mining, north deborah

Book of shares receipts. The receipts are numbered from 1751 to 2000 only the first four are detached, all are blank. The words on the receipt are: extended St. Mungo Gold Mining Company No-Liability St. Mungo's Reef, Eaglehawk. Registered under the mining companies' act, 1871. Capital: pounds 7,500 in 30,000 shares of five shillings each.st.mungo mine, gold mine, shares receipts

Book of shares receipts. The receipts are numbered from 1701 to 1750 only the first seven are detached, all are blank. The words on the receipt are: extended St. Mungo Gold Mining Company No-Liability St. Mungo's Reef, Eaglehawk. Registered under the mining companies' act, 1871. Capital: pounds 7,500 in 30,000 shares of five shillings each.st.mungo mine, gold mine, shares receipts

Reproduction of engraving with caption: 'REMAINS OF GIBBON'S TENNIS COURT/AS IT APPEARED AFTER THE FIRE/ 17 SEPTEMBER, 1809/ USED IN 1660 AS THE FIRST THEATER OF THE /KING'S COMPANY OF COMEDIANS/UNTIL THE ERECTION OF THE THEATRE ROYAL DRURY LANE;/AND IN 1695, AGAIN OPENED BY/BETTERTON'S COMPANY/WITH THE PLAY 'LOVE FOR LOVE'. Materials: Ink, Paper, Metal, Glass, Cardboardtennis

Sepia tone photo of 'Brush Summer Car' No 8(?) Electric Supply Company livery. On back handwritten, 'Bendigo Electric Tramway 1935 ''Brush''' Summer Car - Electric Supply Company Colours', stamped in purple ink on back, 'Printed by Olivers Bendigo' Handwriten on back in black ink ' P.8 T.R 3/Colbasil miller, bendigo trams

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of a tired and dirty Pte Jack Higgins about to enjoy a peeled orange while his boss Maj Jake O'Donnell MC, A Company, 7 RAR (1967-1968) watches his company file back into lines upon return to the 1 ATF Base at Nui Dat following the completion of Operation Carolinephotograph, pte jack higgins, maj jake o'donnell, a coy, 7 rar, 1 atf, nui nghe mountains, operation caroline, gibbons collection catalogue, nui dat, denis gibbons

Handwritten one page document. Details about the Hercules Gold Mine, Long Gully which operated from 1911 - 1917 as the Hercules and Energetic Gold Mine. 1917 - 1922 by Bendigo Amalgamated Goldfields Company and 1922 - 1950 as an entirely new company. The Central Nell Gwynne on the Nell Gwynne (central area only) 1932 - 1949.Albert Richardsonbendigo, mining, hercules, energetic, nell gwynne

This is a document showing the state of the accounts in 1944-5 of the Warrnambool Woollen Mill, a significant commercial business in Warrnambool for several decades that was well-known nationally, particularly during World War Two. The Warrnambool Woollen Mill operated in South Warrnambool off McDonald Street from 1910 to 2001 and produced mainly woollen blankets and flannels. Some of the old Woollen Mill buildings today are heritage-listed. The item shows that there was a reduced turnover in 1944-5 because of fewer Government contracts but the company was still making a profit. The Federal Government was a major buyer of Warrnambool Woollen Mill products with the factory supplying blankets for the Armed Forces in World War Two.This is an important document which forms part of a larger collection of Warrnambool Woollen Mill material in the archives of the Warrnambool and District Historical Society. The Warrnambool Woollen Mill was a major industry in Warrnambool , employing at its peak several hundred people and it was a significant building in the city, with the social and economic ramifications connected to a major business in a regional centre. The document shows the state of the business during World War Two.This is a document of 14 pages produced for the Warrnambool Woollen Mill Company Limited by Edward V. Nixon & Partners, Chartered Accountants, Melbourne, a Report and Comparative Accounts for the years ended 30th September 1944 and 30th September 1945. The cover is grey-coloured light cardboard bound with a paper adhesive. The report covers five pages and the financial statements nine pages. The material is typed.The report is signed Edwin V. Nixon & Partners and the financial reports are initialled E.V.N. & P. warrnambool, warrnambool woollen mill, warrnambool woollen mill report 1944-45

Coleman embarked from Fremantle on HMAT Ascanius on 2nd November 1914. He was killed at Gallipoli on 25th April 1915.Letters, postcard, photographs, medals and notebook of Edward Coleman (647 - 11th Battalion, F Company). Notebook contains sketches and three poems.photographs, ww1, gallipoli, letters, edward john coleman, 11 battalion, ascanius

Letter indicating the gift of land to establish a Municipal children's playing ground on the death of the owner E.F. Tregaskis sent to the Town Clerk. The land was later sold by the council.Two 2-page letters to the Ringwood Town Clerk from the Trustees Executors and Agency Company Ltd. +Additional Keywords: Tregaskis, E.F.

Three page printed report of the Yarrowee Dredging Company Report, including a statement by R.H.T. Brooke and a general balance as of 22 October 1907yarrowee dredging company, j.n. ryan, s. stretch, r.h.t. brooke, dredging, mining

The Sandhurst and Eaglehawk Electric Tramway Co.Ltd -1989 Newspaper clipping quote from The Age article 7.3.1889 regarding the Tramway company meeting.newspaper, bendigo, the sandhurst and eaglehawk electric tramway co.ltd

Laying the Foundation Stone of the Electric Supply Company of Victoria (Bendigo) by Simon Ryan - Mayor - June 1901 - copy of photograph by W.H. Robinsonphotograph, building, the electric supply company of victoria (bendigo) ., simon ryan -mayor -june 1901

Programme for ''Wizard of Oz'' (Bendigo Theatre Company) - September 2005.Details of Production Team; Principals; Scenes and Musical Numbers; Orchestra; Ensemble.entertainment, theatre, bendigo theatre company, bendigo theatre company, mandty ellison, gael emond, cynthis holsworth, liza gellel, kyrilee hohnstone, emily tucker, rebecca turton, nelson gardner, the capital, bendigo performing arts centre

Book: Minute Book 4. East Clarence Gold Mining Company No Liability, Hardcover green. East Clarence Minute Book 4.MCCOLL RANKIN & STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN AND STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN & STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN AND STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN & STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN AND STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN & STANISTREET MCCOLL RANKIN AND STANISTREETorganization, business, mining, east clarence gold mining company.

Assorted letters, notes, drawings all relating to Scalebuoys, some between Bendigo Electronic Company and Cohuna, Gunbower & Rochester Butter Factories.organization, business, butter factory

Large black enamelled cast iron company seal with wooden handle, red and gold decoration, seal is a general cross hatched pattern.gold mines, mining equipment, company seal, bendigo-companies-gold mines-seals

Small label, hot sauce guaranteed under the pure food Act 1906. Bendigo Tomato Products Company. Bendigo - Victoria - Australia.business, retail, bendigo tomato products, bendigo tomato products company.

Document: hard cover bank deposit book with National Bank for the Red, White & Blue Extended Gold Mining Company N\LMCCOLL RANKIN AND STANSISTREETorganization, business, gold mining banking, mccoll rankin and stansistreet, red, white and blue extended gold mining co n\l

Document: McColl, Rankin and Stanistreet: Deborah Extended Gold Mining Company NL lease agreement. No.11329, Vol 334 Fol 046.organization, mining, deborah extended gold mining compan, mccoll, rankin and stanistreet:, deborah extended gold mining company, goldmining, lease agreement

Two Photographs framed of APC'S (Armoured Personnel Carriers) with soldiers on board. A sign with "C Company" can be seen in the foreground of the lower photographtroop of apc

From information on the reverse side of the image, the soldier has been identified as Pte. T.C. Hildebrand/ F Coy. Geelong/ 9/10/15.An unmounted black and white photograph of a soldier in uniform identified as Private T. C. Hildebrand of F Company, Geelong 9 October 1915on back in ink: MRS BYRNE / YOURS TRULY PTE T.C. HILDEBRAND F COY / GEELONG / 9/10/15soldiers, armed forces, uniforms, clothing and dress, hildebrand, t. c. (private), byrne, - (mrs), george evans collection