Two The Australian Dancing Society Ballroom Dancing Examination sheets dated 4 December 1976 for Peter Ellis for Old Time Ballroom. Teacher Mr Les Rankin, Bendigo Dance Centre. Dance was the Merrilyn in the Bronze Sash (S). Result Highly Commended, Examiner R Stilton. The second sheet was the Evening 3 Step, Parma Waltz and Merrilyn in the Bronze Medal (S) Grade. Result Highly Commended, A.D.S. Examiner R Stilton.entertainment, dance, ballroom dancing examinations, peter ellis collection, the australian dancing society ballroom dancing examinations, peter ellis, bendigo dance centre, les rankin, r stilton

Copies of photos (3) Top photo shows Grade 5 1968, middle photo grade 5, 1969, bottom photo, Grade 4, 1960.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s.

Graeme Butler & AssociatesProject FilesProvenance OrderBlack 4-Ring binder that includes research about, and an assessment of buildings previously graded B in the City of Kew Urban Conservation Study 1988 by Pru Sanderson Design Pty Ltd. The files were created by the heritage architect Graeme Butler and the paper files include maps, correspondence, title searches, readings, reviews of prior classifications, newspaper and journal articles, directories etc for each property assessed. graeme butler, heritage reviews - kew, 25 mary street, 4 merrion grove, 24 milfay avenue, 24 miller grove, 26 miller grove, 28 miller grove, 82 molesworth street, 27 princess street, 16 queen street, 20 yarra street, 84 walpole street, 118 walpole street, 11 wellington street, 83 walpole street, 25 wellington street, 8 yarra street, 33 wills street, 63 walpole street, 14 vista avenue, 89 studley park road, 12 tara avenue, 75 studley park road, 21 redmond street, 52 walpole street, 51 walpole street, 71 stevenson street, 34 rowland street, 21 stoke avenue, 34 stevenson street, 44 studley park road, 25 studley park road, 13 studley avenue, 2 second avenue, 11 second avenue, 3 second avenue, 36 stawell street, 12 stevenson streetgraeme butler, heritage reviews - kew, 25 mary street, 4 merrion grove, 24 milfay avenue, 24 miller grove, 26 miller grove, 28 miller grove, 82 molesworth street, 27 princess street, 16 queen street, 20 yarra street, 84 walpole street, 118 walpole street, 11 wellington street, 83 walpole street, 25 wellington street, 8 yarra street, 33 wills street, 63 walpole street, 14 vista avenue, 89 studley park road, 12 tara avenue, 75 studley park road, 21 redmond street, 52 walpole street, 51 walpole street, 71 stevenson street, 34 rowland street, 21 stoke avenue, 34 stevenson street, 44 studley park road, 25 studley park road, 13 studley avenue, 2 second avenue, 11 second avenue, 3 second avenue, 36 stawell street, 12 stevenson street

Graeme Butler & AssociatesProject FilesProvenance OrderBlack 4-Ring binder that includes research about, and an assessment of buildings previously graded B in the City of Kew Urban Conservation Study 1988 by Pru Sanderson Design Pty Ltd. The files were created by the heritage architect Graeme Butler and the paper files include maps, correspondence, title searches, readings, reviews of prior classifications, newspaper and journal articles, directories etc for each property assessed.graeme butler, heritage reviews - kew, 4 cameron court, 2 hodgson street, 20 fellows street, 26 fellows street, 23 highbury grove, kew lunatic asylum, kew mental hospital, willsmere, 36 stawell street, 13 studley avenue, 16 studley avenue, 20 studley avenue, raheen, studley park road, beament house, 33 uvadale road, 20 yarra streetgraeme butler, heritage reviews - kew, 4 cameron court, 2 hodgson street, 20 fellows street, 26 fellows street, 23 highbury grove, kew lunatic asylum, kew mental hospital, willsmere, 36 stawell street, 13 studley avenue, 16 studley avenue, 20 studley avenue, raheen, studley park road, beament house, 33 uvadale road, 20 yarra street

Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Hunter joined 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles from 20 National Service Battalion November 1956. He transferred to Papua New Guinea Volunteer Rifles in 1967, returning to VMR in 1977. He commanded A Squadron 8/13 VMR 1978-1980. He was Staff Officer Grade 1 Headquarters 3 Division 1983-1985. Following retirement he was active in the regimental museum and wrote the book "My Corps Cavalry: a history of the 13th Australian Light Horse AIF". He was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia 2009 for services to military history.Representative of a period in 1980s when chain mail epaulettes was worn by officers of 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles.Open-necked officer's 'Blues' jacket with chain mail epaulettes; lieutenant colonels' badges of rank and 'R' denoting Reserve of Officers status; Silver 8/13 VMR buttons and collar badges. Worn by Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Hunter who served in the regiment between 1956 and 1987.uniform, hunter douglas, vmr, oam, 3 division, pngvr, chain mail

This is a photograph of the students from grades 3 to 6 in their classroom with their teacher, Pam Telfer at Bulla Primary School in December 1993. The decorations and the Christmas tree indicate it is close the Christmas and the blackboard indicates the era was before whiteboards were introduced into school, not to mention i pads.This is a photograph of classroom prior to the use of white boards, computers and i pads in schools. A coloured non-digital photograph of children sitting on the floor of their classroom in front of their chairs and tables while their teacher is reading to them. It is Christmas time as there is a tree near the blackboard and the room is decorated with streamers and balloons. Three large windows with beige drapes are along one wall. Photograph P0250 is similar. pam telfer, bulla primary school, grades 3to 6

Mont Albert State School was officially opened on 23rd April 1917. The school became Mont Albert Central School in 1918, taking in Forms 1 and 2. The school remained a Central School until 1964, when the secondary years formed the basis of a new High School, the Box Hill North High School, later to be named Koonung Secondary College. This is part of a large collection of material related to the Deakin, Mair and Young families, all with connections to Surrey Hills and Mont Albert. Ernest Lance Young was the son of Ernest Augustus Young (1891-1985) and Ruby Nichell Whitby (1892-1984). Lance was born 24 March 1915 in Surrey Hills. The family lived at 5 York Street, Surrey Hills. Electoral roll for 1937 gives the house name as 'Whitby Lodge'. He married Beryl Mair in 1939 and died on 5 October 1999 at Mont Albert. Electoral rolls list him as a manufacturer. His address after marriage was 11 York Street, Mont Albert. He is buried in Box Hill Cemetery (M-*-0867) along with his father. He served in WW2 (Service Number - VX104733 enlisting at St Kilda) and after returning took over his father's business. Young's Motor Products have manufactured products for the automotive and other related industries, including chemical trades, since 1920. Business history: Young's commenced trading in 1917 when Mr Ernest Augustus Young started selling paint brushes. At this time the company was known as E.A.Young & Co. with business premises in Queen Street Melbourne. Ernest soon expanded into paints and other products for the rapidly growing automotive trade and by 1920 was well recognised as a leading supplier. At this time canvas hoods were the norm and Ernest produced a "Canvas Hood Dressing" which gained acceptance as 'the one to buy'. This product was exported throughout the world. By 1930 Young's range had expanded and the product range included items like distilled water, gasket cement, vulcanising heat patches, rust prevention and many more diverse products. Young's name then, was so well known in Australia and the world, that a letter could be addressed just "Young's Melbourne" and it would reach the company. Young's survived the great depression, but in 1939 the Australian government commandeered the factory with all plant and equipment, thus closing Young's for the duration of the WW2. Ernest continued to make products at home for the war effort. When his son, Lance, returned home from overseas war service in Singapore, the Young's factory was re-established at 405 Canterbury Road, Canterbury near Chatham Station and worked to regain markets lost in the 1940s. By 1980 Lance Young wished to retire, his immediate family didn't want to continue the business and Lance believed Australia would lose a great asset if he just closed the company. He sought to find someone within the motor trade who would uphold the Young's principles of product and service and in 1981 Allan Kennedy & Sons bought the business.Lance Young was retained as an active consultant until his death in October 1999, aged 84. Products: Superseal for radiators, tyre dressing (tyre black), car shampoo, hood dressing, leather and vinyl cleaner. The factory was later elased to B&D Rollerdoors. REF: Personal communication (Laurie Newton, nee Young) and http://youngsmp.com.au/comprof.htm Black and white class photo taken outside the school building. The class of 18 girls and 22 boys is flanked by a male teacher of the LHS of the photo and a female teacher on the RHS. Children are wearing a variety of clothing indicating the absence of an official school uniform.REAR: Possibly 4 different hands as follows: 1. In black ink faded to brown: "January 1921 / Mont Albert State School" 2. "ERNEST" in black biro; looks to be a later insert to "Lance Young" in blue biro or ink. 3. "2nd on left / FRONT ROW legs crossed" in blue biro.

This book contains some of the earliest details of competition results formalized in a notebook format. The competitions date from 1939 and proceed until 1950. As special interest it contains details of events held during the years of the Second World War when the South Street Competition was in recess. Basic details on the competitions covered by this book, and the pages they are listed on can be found below: Table of Contents: 2. 1939 Bendigo Contest – A Grade 4. 1939 Bendigo Contest – B Grade 5. 1939 Bendigo Contest – Street March 6. 1939 Bendigo Contest - C Grade 8. 1939 Bendigo Contest – D Grade 9. 21/05/1939 – Hawthorn Band Contest 11. 29/01/1940 – Kyneton Contest 13. 23/03/1940 – Bendigo Contest – C Grade 15. 12/10/1941 – Massed Bands M.C.G. – Oval March / Street March 16. 21/09/1941 / 05/10/1941 / 19/10/1941 / 09/11/1941 – Group Contest 17. 02/12/1944 - 03/12/1944 – Frankston – A Grade 18. 02/12/1944 - 03/12/1944 – Frankston – B Grade 19. 02/12/1944 – 03/12/1944 – Frankston – C Grade 20. 02/12/1944 – 03/12/1944 – Frankston – D Grade 21. 02/12/1944 – 03/12/1944 – Standard Newspapers Shield, Frankston – Full Results Table 23. 04/02/1945 – Williamstown 25. 27/04/1945 – Solo & Party Championships (Kelvin Hall) 26. 27/04/1945 – 28/04/1945 – Solo & Party Championships (Kelvin Hall) 27. 28/04/1945 – Solo & Party Championships (Kelvin Hall) 29. 26/12/1945 – Fern Tree Gully – D Grade & C Grade 30. 26/12/1945 – Fern Tree Gully – B Grade & A Grade 31. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – D Grade 32. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – C Grade 33. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – B Grade 34. 01/01/1946 – Frankston – A Grade (Australian Championship) 35. 01/01/1946 – Standard Newspapers Shield, Frankston – Full Results Table 36. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – Solo & Party Competitions – Events 1 - 6 37. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – Solo & Party Competitions – Events 7 – 10 38. 29/12/1945 – Frankston – Solo & Party Competitions – Events 11 – 13 39. 22/04/1946 – Colac Contest 41. 01/01/1948 – Maryborough Contest – D Grade 47. 28/03/1948 – 29/03/1948 – Bendigo Contest – B Grade 48. 28/03/1948 – 29/03/1948 – Bendigo Contest – C Grade 49. 28/03/1948 – 29/03/1948 – Bendigo Contest – D Grade 50. 28/03/1948 – 29/03/1948 – Bendigo Contest – Aggregates 52. 06/09/1948 – St Kilda 53. 05/09/1948 – Heidelberg 57. 28/10/1948 – Ballarat – D Grade 58. 28/10/1948 – Ballarat – C Grade 59. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – B Grade 60. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – B Grade (Cont.) 61. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – A Grade 62. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – A Grade (Cont.) 63. 28/10/1948 – Ballarat - D & C Grades – Street March 64. 28/10/1948 – Ballarat – B & A Grades – Street March 65. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – A & B Grades – Trophy listing 66. 30/10/1948 – Ballarat – C & D Grades – Trophy listing 67. 26/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition 68. 26/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition (Cont.) 69. 27/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition 70. 27/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition (Cont.) 71. 27/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition 72. 27/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition (Cont.) 73. 27/10/1948 – Ballarat – Solo & Party Competition 79. 13/03/1949 – Bendigo Group Contest 81. 20/03/1949 – Gippsland Group Contest 83-84. 17/04/1949 – Bendigo Easter Contest – C Grade 85. 07/10/1949 – Heidelberg – C Grade 87. 27/10/1949 – Ballarat – D Grade 88. 27/10/1949 – Ballarat – D Grade (Cont.) 89. 28/10/1949 – Ballarat – C Grade 90. 28/10/1949 – Ballarat – C Grade (Cont.) 91. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – B Grade 92. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – B Grade (Cont.) 93. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – A Grade 94. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – A Grade (Cont.) 95. 25/10/1949 – Ballarat – Solos 96. 25/10/1949 – Ballarat – Solos (Cont.) 97. 25/10/1949 – 26/10/1949 – Ballarat – Solos 98. 26/10/1949 – Ballarat – Champion of Champions / Solos 99. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – Special Quickstep 100. 29/10/1949 – Ballarat – Special Quickstep 101. 19/02/1950 – Leongatha – D Grade 102. 19/02/1950 – Leongatha – D Grade – Full Results Table 103. 12/03/1950 – Bendigo Easter Fair Contest 104. 12/03/1950 – Bendigo Easter Fair Contest – Full Results Table 105. 12/03/1950 – Bendigo Easter Fair Contest – Selection / Hymn / Aggregate 106. 28/08/1950 - 01/09/1950 – Solo & Party Competitions (Assembly Hall) – Events 1 - 2 107. 28/08/1950 - 01/09/1950 – Solo & Party Competitions (Assembly Hall) – Events 3 - 7 108. 28/08/1950 - 01/09/1950 – Solo & Party Competitions (Assembly Hall) – Events 8 – 11 109. 28/08/1950 - 01/09/1950 – Solo & Party Competitions (Assembly Hall) – Events 12 – 15 110. 28/08/1950 - 01/09/1950 – Solo & Party Competitions (Assembly Hall) – Events 16 – 20 111. 10/10/1950 – 12/10/1950 – Heidelberg Contest – Solos – Events 2 – 11 112. 13/10/1950 – Heidelberg Contest – C Grade 113. 24/10/1950 – South Street Victorian Championships – Solo & Party Competition 114. 25/10/1950 – South Street Victorian Championships – Solo & Party CompetitionThis book is very significant to the history of the Victorian Bands' League due to the richness of historical data that it contains and the amount of competitions that were covered. Leather bound notebook, 190.

Published by Dept. of Agriculture Division of Horticulture Victoria. Harcourt district exported immense quantities of apples and pears, each box containing fruit that had been sized (by diameter) so as to have uniform-sized fruit in the box, wrapped in tissue paper, all packed base- or stem-end against the cheek of its neigbouring piece, to restrict movement/bruising of the apples in transit. A colourful label on the end of the box had a space to insert the size and count, i.e. the number of pieces of fruit in the box. If the packer followed the chart the count was determined from the chart by reference to the diameter of the fruit as it came off the grader. Harcourt’s reputation for quality fruit was enhanced by the ability to deliver uniform-sized blemish-free and unbruised fruit which then attained premium prices in the market, contributing to the prosperity of the district. The packing chart was a vital aid In order to achieve this.Chart- two-sided black text on white paper pasted to backing board depicting columns and figures describing the required measurements for packing Rome Beauty Apples and Granny Smith Apples. 1 x pink foolscap card with black type, 1 x green foolscap card, 1 x yellow double sided foolscap card Packing Chart for Rome Beauty Apples in Friday Moulded Trays Telescopic Carton Inside Measurements 19 3/4" x 11 7/8" x 11 1/2". W. H. Harris Senior Fruit Packing Instructor August 1968. The same wording appears on the opposite side of chart with the words Granny Smith apples replacing Rome Beauty Apples

Cudgewa Line -The Cudgewa railway line opened in stages between 1889 and 1921. The first section from Wodonga to Huon opened on 10 September 1889. It was extended to Bolga on 18 July 1890, Tallangatta on 24 July 1891 and then to Shelley on 13 June 1916. Shelley was the highest station in Victoria. It extended further on to Beetomba on 10 April 1919 and finally reached Cudgewa on 5 May 1921. The line had 1 in 30 grades and trestle bridges that have been heritage listed. In 1919, the line was used to carry materials for the construction of Hume Weir, and three years later a spur line connecting Ebden to the weir was opened. In the 1960s, Cudgewa became the railhead of materials for the Snowy Mountains Scheme. The last passenger service from Wodonga to Tallangatta ran on 30 September 1961. The turntable and passenger platform at Cudgewa were abolished in 1976.6 Rubber and wood stamps used in the stations along the Cudgewa Line. The stamps were primarily used to acknowledge receipt of small freight items carried on the Cudgewa LineOn individual stamps: 1. TALLANGATTA 1476 2. BULLIOH 1477 3. BEETOOMBA 1484 4. KOETONG 1480 5. SHELLEY 1482 6. CORRYONG 1487cudgewa rail line, victorian railways, closed victorian railways

Set of three photocopies of instructions for Alstom Preston Service Centre. .1 - "Pantograph Lock Down Procedure" - 1 A4 sheet - describes the procedure for locking the pantograph down and then moving it within the workshops safely - dated 10/10/2003. .2 - "Citadis Bogie Removal Procedure" with sub title "on PWS jacks" - 2 pages - dated 08/04/2004. .3 - "Citadis Preventative Maintenance Tasks" - 7 page A4 document - listing the A, B and C exams for C class trams, prepared by United Group Rail. .4 - as for .3, but printed on A3 sheets, stapled.in pencil on top of .1, "Copy only to John Prideaux" On rear of .1 in ink "Citadis Maint (Mileage graded) "A". "B" and "C" service. c2007.trams, tramways, preston workshops, maintenance, c class, pantographs, bogies, citadis

Set of seven Agfa colour slide, blue and white plastic mount, photo by Keith Caldwell on 22/3/1969 of the then new track work in Queensway St Kilda, closing the former track in Wellington St. .1 - W2 363 inbound, route 5 climbing the grade to the St Kilda Road Junction. Has the overpass in the background. .2 - W2 229 ditto .3 - W2 377 ditto waiting for another W2 5?6 crossing in front of the tram. .4 - SW6 941 outbound, route 5, Malvern Burke Road with advertisements for PGF golf clubs and Vodka Wyborowa. .5 - W2 421 outbound route 5. .6 - W2 347, East Brighton route 64 outbound in Queensway with the Windsor Fire Station and the former cable tram winding house (the big red building) in the background. .7 - A W2 inbound..1 and .6 has in pencil "22/3/1969".trams, tramways, st kilda rd, queensway, new tramway, route 5, east malvern, route 64, east brighton, w2 class, sw6 class, tram 363, tram 229, tram 377, tram 347, tram 421, tram 347, tram 941

Folder with papers - Manilla folder containing some 30 documents outlining the procedures for employing staff for the crewing of trams, tradesmen and other grades. Comprising primarily foolscap duplicated, quarto sheets but with some samples actual printed documents that were required. A - Employment Procedures, listing the following documents, each marked with the respective number using a blue pencil in the top left hand corner. Document No. (images refer to the sheet number) .1 - Interview Card .2 - General information regarding conditions of employment (Age, Height, Weight etc.) .3 - Education Test .4 and 5 - Application for Employment and Result of Medical examination .6 - List of Medical Standards for eyesight ( photocopy which is going to brown - reprinted and placed in a envelope as it was affecting the next sheet.) .7 - Chest X-Ray .8 - Form for attachment to depot closest to home or closest depot at which vacancy exists. .9 - Agreement form (8 and 9 stapled together) .10 - Requisitions for uniform .11 - Directions to Store and School .12 and .13 - Application for Re-employment and Special Day Report stapled together .14 - MMTB Employees Record .15 - Reference Investigations - where considered necessary .16 - Tradesmen and Miscellaneous Workers Identification Slip - in triplicate .17 - Weekly changes Report - used for adjusting staff totals of Conductors, Drivers - example dated 29.2.1964 - list names, starts, re-employments, new drivers, transfers, bus drivers, regressions, medical retirements, dismissals, resignations, noting who were University Students. .18 - List of Student Conductors to attend class .19 - Identification slip for cashier and employees pass issue .20 - List of (new) starters in the service - for use by Cashier and weekly changes .21 - Particulars of Platform Staff - used for compiling weekly staff totals .22 - Application for permission to train as a tram or bus driver .23 - Instruction to Mobile Inspector to recover absentee's uniform .24 - details of traffic employees leaving service .25 - Employee to be paid off Not numbered B - Procedure re Conductor Applications - (2 sheets) C - Student Conductors' Training (10 sheets) D - Summary of Curriculum of Training for Electric Tram Drivers.trams, tramways, personnel, conductors, training, employment, employees, drivers, procedures, instructions, uniforms, medical, interviews, reports, discipline

Specification or Tender Document - titled "Design, Manufacture and delivery of 100 only all-electric trams", and "Background Information and Preliminary Specification", dated June 1965. Bound into a brown foolscap card cover. Details the conditions of tender, conditions of contract, notes, specification, gives background information about Melbourne, dimensions, performance, drivers and conductors, trucks, wheels, brakes, electrical equipment, control panels and drawings. The drawings give a map of the system, typical city route, Glenferrie Road route (grade diagram), concrete track construction, min. radius curves, loading gauge, all-electric tram and mounting details for the trolley base, schedule of prices, tender form, form of contract, schedule of information to be provided by the tenderer. Comprises: 1 - Conditions of Tendering - 1 page 2 - Conditions of Contract - 4 pages 3 - Contents - 3 pages 4 - Notes for prospective tenderers - dated June 1965 5 - General nature of contract - 21 pages 6 - Appendix A - climate data - two sheets 7 - List of 14 appended drawings 8 - O.6887A - cross section of trolley wire 9 - P.13855 - Glenferrie Road, Longitudinal Section 10 - P.13856 - Wattle Park Route 11 - P.13857 - East Preston Route 12 - P13858 - Concrete track construction 13 - P13859 - Open track construction 14 - P.13860 - Paved ballast track construction 15 - P.13887 - Tram Route - locations of substations and section switches 16 - P.13888 - Minimum radius service curves to give minimum clearance between tramcars 17 - P.13889 - Grooved Rail - 102 pounds per yard and tire profile 18 - R10-301 - Loading gauge, proposed electric tramcars 19 - R9706K - Rolling stock data, tramcars 20 - R10306 - Collins Points Shifter - Wiring diagram. 21 - Schedule of data to be supplied by the tenderer 22 - notes on Automatic Points shifters - 2 sheets 23 - Tender prices and delivery periods - 2 sheets. See Reg Item 2266 for the 1972 version and 1583 for the August 1966 version. See Reg Item 4049 for associated newspaper cuttings. See file htd4667i1.pdf for scans of the drawings.In ink in top right hand corner - "Lees"trams, tramways, specification, tenders, z class, mmtb, melbourne

Awarded to S. Hudson 1956 1957: (1) Department of Agriculture, Victoria Certificate of Merit, Class 1 White Leghorns - Wet Mash, Total First Grade Eggs 263, Bird No 144. 1957-1958: (2) Department of Agriculture, Victoria, Certificate of Merit, First Class, Section A Class 1 White Leghorns, Dry Mash. Total First Grade Eggs 240 Bird No 44. Government Champion Certificates, First Prize Section A Class 1 White Leghorns (3) Dry Mash. Total number of First Grade Eggs 1401. (4) Dry Mash, Individual Birds Total number of First Grade Eggs 269. Winter Test, First Prize (5) Total number of First Grade Eggs 95. (6) Total number of First Grade eggs 491. Government Certificates, (7) Winter Test, Third Prize Section A Class 1 White Leghorns - Dry Mash Total number of First Grade eggs 92. (8) Second Prize Section A Class 1 White Leghorns - Dry Mash - Individual Birds Total number of eggs 255. For G. Hudson: (9) to G. Hudson, 1958-59, Winter Test, Equal Third Prize Section 4 Class 1 White Leghorns Dry mash (Individual Bird) Total number of First Grade Eggs 81.egg laying, competition, s. hudson, g. hudson

Hawthorn hedges are important reminders of Kangaroo Ground's Scottish heritage. They are Registered on the Victorian Heritage Register. They are "historically significant because the planting of hawthorn hedges reflects the adoption of Eurorpean farming techniques by the Kangaroo Ground population in the period following settlement and because the grid pattern of paddocks that the Hawthorn hedges define is very different to today's farm landscapes." Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p21 Hawthorn hedges bordering Kangaroo Ground’s gently rolling farmlands are important reminders of its Scottish heritage and are rare so close to Melbourne.1 As early as the 1840s newly arrived farmers from Scotland planted hawthorn hedges around their properties, to protect crops from the numerous kangaroos and wallabies. Many of these hedges survive today. These farmers had the good fortune to settle some of the most fertile land available for cropping in the Colony of Victoria. At that time the black volcanic soil could sustain an amazing two crops a year. By the mid 1850s, 500 acres (202ha) of wheat were growing in Kangaroo Ground. But the crops were threatened by kangaroos, which were so plentiful, that Surveyor-General, Robert Hoddle, named the district Kangaroo Ground in 1838. As post-and-rail fences proved inadequate barriers for the bounding kangaroos, the Scots planted hawthorn hedgerows as they had done in Scotland. Some also used the hedges to net birds, presumably for the table. Interestingly the farmers in the bordering townships of Panton Hill and Christmas Hills, did not plant hawthorn hedges around their properties. Perhaps it was because by the time they settled in the 1860s and 1870s most of the wildlife had been gunned down by residents.2 The canny Scots planted the hedges on public land outside their own farms, as the hedgerows could spread to about five yards (five m) in width. With this impenetrable barrier Kangaroo Ground’s industrious farmers flourished to gain the economic power that saw the Shire of Eltham governed from Kangaroo Ground for 79 years (1858-1937). The Scots jealously guarded their land, so hard to get in Scotland. That is why they refused to release any of it ‘for local roads to follow easier grades as was the case in surrounding districts where roads generally followed ridgelines or streams’.3 Instead the roads were built in accordance with the magnetic bearings of their first survey in 1847 whether that suited the steep topography or not. This could force traffic to diverge when wet through Greensborough and Diamond Creek. Until 1921, the Eltham-Yarra Glen Road beside Wellers Restaurant, ‘dipped down into the upper reaches of Stony Creek’.4 Later some corners were compulsorily cut for the increasing motor traffic. As late as the 1960s, corners were cut to form sweeping curves above and alongside the Kangaroo Ground Cemetery and opposite the Emergency Operations Centre. In the latter case, the farmers – understanding their hedgerows as important heritage – insisted upon their reinstatement to conform to the altered road alignment. Kangaroo Ground’s ancient manna gums also point to the district’s history and to that of the hedgerows. The Aboriginal people had transformed the original forests into grasslands with the fires they lit to attract kangaroos, (which the Scots were to exclude by planting hedgerows). But the Wurundjeri hunters left the gums (Eucalyptus vimminalis cygnetensis), on the grasslands as ‘stalking trees’ to hunt kangaroos. The hawthorn hedges in Kangaroo Ground were neglected for around 60 years from about the middle of the 20th century. Bushfires had created gaps and the hedgerows were not trimmed. Then in late 2005, local historian Mick Woiwod, formed a group to lobby the Nillumbik Shire to restore the hedges, which could last for many centuries. Some hedges in parts of Britain date back to AD 800.5 Although the original Scottish farmers have gone, the hedges are a reminder of when they flourished in the district, which has changed little in 150 years.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, eltham-yarra glen road, hawthorn hedgerow, kangaroo ground

A portable note taker that allow the operator to input either Grade 1 or Grade 2 Braille and have the information read back to you. It holds up to 640K of RAM or 600 Braille pages.Cardboard box containing a cream coloured plastic rectangle device with 7 black keys, 1 carry bag, 1 adapter, 1 computer cable, 1 x 3 1/4 in. Blaze demo programs disk, 1 x 3 1/4 in. Resource disk, 2 cassette tapes "Braille'n'Speak manual" by Olga Espinola, 1 print book "Quick Reference: Braille'n'Speak command list", 2 Braille books "Braille'n'Speak Quick Reference" and "A user's guide to Braille'n'Speak" both by Olga Espinola.braille equipment, assistive devices

school, education