Showing 255 items
matching rams
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National Wool Museum
Photograph, Jubilee Charles
Jubilee Charles was bred in the Bundemar Stud, Trangie, NSW and sold at the 1951 Sydney Ram Sales for the record auction price of 4000 guineas to Yarraldool Stud, Cryon, NSW.Photograph, framed and glazed: "Jubilee Charles"Jubilee Charles -
Melton City Libraries
Photograph, Exford, Unknown
1867 President (Road Board), Shire President. 1856 coach house – skillion dairy. First two storey house in rural Victoria 1842. Rammed earth Shearers quarters Exford Homestead on Werribee River (formerly Exe River) Home of Simon Staughton, arrived 1841 local identities, pioneer families -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Currency - Bank note, 1st March 1941
Designed by Dunera internee, Teltscher, and printed by Riverine grazier at Hay internment campFacsmilie. Encapsulated/laminated bank note to the value of six pence, with blue colour design(s) on white background with black printing. Features emblem of kangaroo, emu and merino ram above banner of the words "Camp seven bank". Display in plastic stand frameC41937, Printed on back of bank note "This note is valid only within the boundaries of Camp 7 Internment Camp Hay" "The bank is under no obligation to honour this note if presented by holder outside the Camp".tatura, numismatics, notes -
National Wool Museum
Cuff links
Pairs of gold plated promotional cuff links shaped as merino rams. Part of a collection of Australian Wool Corporation promotional memorabilia believed to have used in the era of Sir William Gunn.wool marketing, australian wool corporation, gunn, sir william -
National Wool Museum
Cuff links
Pairs of gold plated promotional cuff links shaped as merino rams. Part of a collection of Australian Wool Corporation promotional memorabilia believed to have used in the era of Sir William Gunn.wool marketing, australian wool corporation, gunn, sir william -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Gun, Mid 19th Century
Hollis Brothers were first recorded trading from 11 Weaman Row in 1840 but appear to have started trading a little earlier. The firm later became Isaac Hollis & Sons and claimed establishment from 1814. Richard & William Hollis were recorded trading in Bath Street Birmingham from 1814 to 1818 so it may be that the Hollis brothers were descended from them. The brothers were Isaac Hollis (b.1815) and Frederick Hollis (birth date unknown), but Frederick died 20 December 1839. Isaac was recorded in the 1841 census living in Weaman Row. He was a 25-year-old gun and pistol maker, married to Emma 1821. They had two children, Isaac (1837), and Henry (1839). After Frederick died, Isaac carried on trading under the name of Hollis Brothers until 1845 when he re-named the business Hollis Brothers & Co who traded up to 1848. In 1844 Isaac entered into a short term partnership with William Tranter at 10 & 11 Weaman Row, presumably to complete a particular contract or supply certain parts. This partnership lasted until 1849. In 1848 Isaac took in Isaac Brentnall Sheath as a partner, and the firm of Hollis & Sheath was established, expanding into 10 Weaman Row. Hollis & Sheath were licenced makers of percussion breech-loading guns. In 1861 the firm changed its name to Isaac Hollis & Sons on the departure of Isaac Brentnall Sheath. Isaac Sheath died in July 1875. By about 1870 Isaac Hollis and Henry Hollis had taken over the day to day running of the business. Isaac Hollis was responsible for the overall management and the marketing of the firm's products. Henry was responsible for manufacturing. The firm became volume producers of inexpensive trade guns and sporting guns for the South African and the British colonies. In 1870 the firm opened a shop at 44a Cannon Street in London; in 1871 this moved to 83 Cheapside. Isaac Hollis Jnr died October 1875 in Birmingham aged 37. He was never married and in 1876/1877 Henry registered a limited liability company, Isaac Hollis & Sons Ltd, but by 1879 they were again trading as Isaac Hollis & Sons. From 1879 the London shop was at 6 Great Winchester Street. From 1932 to 1933 the London business traded as Hollis, Bentley & Playfair Hollis, Bentley & Playfair finally closed in Birmingham in 1953. This gun is a typical example of the type of firearm issued to the colony's military in 1861. Specifically made by Isaac Hollis and Sons for the military market of the time and sold through contractors Hebbert & Sons, military suppliers, in London. The gun was probably issued from the Hythe Armory to British troops (a training facility) or police prior to coming to Tasmania Australia around 1861.Gun; Percussion Carbine, .577 Cal. Colonial Tasmanian issue Artillery carbine, Pattern 1861. Muzzle loading "Cap and Ball" musket. Wood stock and ram rod. Inscriptions are on the stock and breech. Gun was made for Herbert & Co. London by Isaac Hollis & Sons, Birmingham.Stamped on stock "SOLD 95", " ISAAC HOLLIS & SONS" "GUN & PISTOL MANUFACTURES" "BIRMINGHAM" "LASTON ARMOURER HYTHE" "MANUFACTURED EXPRESSLY FOR HEBBERT & CO LONDON". Stamped on breech "25", and "25C ---05"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, firearms, gun, muzzle loading musket, isaac hollis and son, hebbert & sons, military supplies, lee enfield -
Vision Australia
Equipment - Object, Freedom Scientific, Braille 'n' Speak
A portable note taker that allow the operator to input either Grade 1 or Grade 2 Braille and have the information read back to you. It holds up to 640K of RAM or 600 Braille pages.Cardboard box containing a cream coloured plastic rectangle device with 7 black keys, 1 carry bag, 1 adapter, 1 computer cable, 1 x 3 1/4 in. Blaze demo programs disk, 1 x 3 1/4 in. Resource disk, 2 cassette tapes "Braille'n'Speak manual" by Olga Espinola, 1 print book "Quick Reference: Braille'n'Speak command list", 2 Braille books "Braille'n'Speak Quick Reference" and "A user's guide to Braille'n'Speak" both by Olga Espinola.braille equipment, assistive devices -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Pumps and Pumping: A Handbook for Pump Users, 1901, 1901
Brown, hard, cloth covered book of 121 pages plus advertisements. Chapters include steam pumps; pumps and injectors for feeding steam boilers; hand pumps; hydraulic rams; pumps for specific duties; pump valves; suction and delivery pumps; rules and notes relating to pumps. mining, pumps, pumping, powis bale, boilers, steam, hydrology, valves, windmills, waterworks, pipes -
The 5th/6th Battalion Royal Victoria Regiment Historical Collection
Decorative object - Trophy, CUP 8th AI BRIGADE
8th AI Brigade Challenge cup won by 32nd BN jan 1918 & Nov 1918Cup won by predecessor unit Large Silver 8th AI Brigade Challenge cup won by 32nd BN jan 1918 & Nov 1918. Silver mark near handle. Top has handle with rams heads and floral garlands. Base has floral garlands & faces. Ornate handles with leaf design.8th AI Brigade Challenge cup won by 32nd BN Jan 1918 & Nov 1918regimental property, trophy, 5/6rvr, bhq, 32bn, 58/32 bn, ww1 -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Poster - Poster, Information Board, 9th Battalion
One small and one large maroon coloured board with lettering in yellow. Small one has embedded name of 9th Battalion- Roll of honour. Large one has 35silver frames with Photograph of those who sacrified. On the bottom of the board is the Roman number IX with a RAM's head in the centre.Royal Australian Regiment - Duty first (All 35 photos have names, rank, company, date of passing and a short history of their lives, one silver frame is missing)honour roll, 9 rar -
National Wool Museum
Photograph
Mr McCook was manager of "Marathon" 1875-1880, the owner was Samuel WilsonMr McCook. Marathon Bought of W Gibson & Son Tasmania/ 1876/ 51 two tooth ewes & 1 (Ram)/ @ 5 5..0 each 130 Guineessheep breeding - history sheep stations - history, mccook, mr a - marathon gibson, w - w gibson & son, marathon, sheep breeding - history, sheep stations - history -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages
CD-ROM, Board of Studies New South Wales, Winangaylanha Dhayn-gu Gaay : understanding Aboriginal languages : working with the Aboriginal languages K-10 syllabus : a guide for Aboriginal community collaboration for school based languages programs, 2004
A guide for Aboriginal community collaboration for school-based programs. Supporting the Aboriginal languages K-10 syllabus, this resource assists Aboriginal community participation in the teaching of Aboriginal languages in schools. Technical Details System requirements (PC): 64 Mb RAM; Windows 98; 800x600 screen; thousands of colours.CD-ROMmulticultural education, multilingualism -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Souvenir - Cloth Badge, n.d
Cloth badge, shield shaped, Casterton Victoria on a green and gold background. The green is divided diagonally by a thin white line. On one side, white ram's head, outlined in dark red, on other side white bull's head outlined in dark red. Red lettering, white backing; red embroidered border on badge.Front: 'CASTERTON' - above heads 'VICTORIA' - below heads -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Book - Hardcover book, Picturesque Atlas Publishing Company Limited, The Picturesque Atlas of Australasia-Volume 2, 1886
The Picturesque Atlas of Australasia-Volume 2Hardcover. Cover is brown with the title in gold lettering. Underneath the title is a symbol of a solid wreath surrounding the head of a ram. Three fold-out maps are included; Railway Postal and Telegraph Map of South Australia, 1888; Railway Postal & Telegraph Map of Queensland, 1888; Railway, Postal, Telegraph and Rainfall Map of Tasmania 1889. non-fictionThe Picturesque Atlas of Australasia-Volume 2atlas, australasia, history -
Mont De Lancey
Tool - Post Hole Digger, F.E. Kohler & Co, Unknown
Manufactured by F.E. Kohler & Co, Canton, OhioA vintage post hole digger with two long wooden handles and two metal scooped blades. It is operated with a lever action, with the two handles pulled apart to take a 'bite' of earth. The handles are attached by a nut and bolt. There is a crowbar on the end of one handle and a rammer on the end of the other. The brand is F.E. Kohler & Co, Canton, Ohio.'Kohler Little Giant' patented.tools, agricultural tools, farming equipment, garden tools -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Fire Mission 6
A black and white photograph of a 104 Battery, Royal Australian Artillery Gunner , rams a shell home while the gun is readied for firing at Fire Support Base "Betty".. The battery was in action against NVA/VietCong sappers attempting to breach the US supply depot at Long Binh in Bien Hoa Province during the Tet Offensive 1969photograph, 104 battery, nva/vc, fire base betty, raa, nva/vc, long binh, bien hoa province, tet offensive, 1969, gibbons collection catalogue, gunner -
National Wool Museum
Newspaper Clipping
Newspaper clipping entitled "Famous Belle Vue (T) Sires" showing images of various rams including Sir Thomas from "The Australasian" on 8 June, 1935. because of extreme wrinkle millions of these sheep died from fly strike so some the wrinkle was bred out.merino sheep sheep breeding, merino sheep, sheep breeding -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Artefact, Butter ram, Early to mid 20th century
This butter ram appears to have been made locally and was probably hand-made at a local factory. It was used to ram or mould butter into 56 pound butter boxes for bulk supply or for later cutting up into smaller quantities. Warrnambool was, and is still today, the centre of an important dairying industry with several large milk, cheese and butter factories in the area. The Warrnambool Cheese and Butter Factory at Allansford is the oldest operating factory of this type in Victoria and was established in 1888. The production of butter in the area was greatly accelerated by the invention of refrigeration in the early 1880s, enabling butter to be transported overseas. Warrnambool had two butter box factories which both closed in the 1920s. Up to the mid 1950s the production of butter was largely a hand process.This butter ram is of considerable interest as an example of the early tools used in the local butter industry.This is a heavy solid wooden block in a rectangular shape with the top shaped in the form of a pyramidal base. The edges of the base are worn from constant pounding. A long round wooden handle or rod is inserted into the top of the block. dairying industry in western victoria -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LETTER TO MR. J EVANS OF SEBASTIAN, 1906
Document. Letter to Mr. J. Evans of Sebastian. Letter dated 19 Nov. 1906 to Mr. J. Evans of Sebastian from A. N. Presswell, Manager of Ram's Horn Company. Letter states about General Meeting of Shareholders to be held at Sebastian State School on Fri. 23 Nov. 1906. Pencil marks on back indicating hardware measurements and sundries.cottage, miners, mr. j. evans, a. n. presswell, ram's horn company, sebastian state school. -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Ramming a Shell Home
A black and white photograph of Gnr Alan Muston rams a shell home watched by Gnr Dave Thomas 104 Battery Royal Australian Artillery, at Fire Base Betty. The battery was in action against NVA/VietCong sappers attempting to beach the US Army Supply Depot at Long Binh in Bien Hoa Province during the 1969 Tet Offensivephotograph, 104 battery raa, gnr dave thomas, gnr alan muston, 104 battery raa, fire base betty, nva/vc, long binh, bien hoa province, gibbons collection catalogue -
National Wool Museum
Photograph - Typical Badgerface Ewe and Ram, c.1928
This item is part of a group of five green display boards with photographs of sheep. This item is associated with the New South Wales Graziers Association world tour of merino sheep 1928/9.Six black and white photographs and printed paper mounted on green display board. Photographs depict sheep and men. The display board has pin holes in each corner.Front: [handwritten] Typical Badgerface Ewe and Ram. / [printed] This pattern crops up in many breeds all over the world. It behaves / as a simple recessive to white. The typical pattern in very character- / istic, but many modifications are found so that badgerface sheep may range / from those that are almost white to those that are almost black. Back: [handwritten] Typical / Badgerface / ewe and ram / 4 / [printed] PHOTOGRAPH COPYRIGHT / BY / THE ANIMAL BREEDING RESEARCH DEPT., / THE UNIVERSITY, EDINBURGH. / PLEASE RETURN TO :new south wales graziers association, world tour, england, sheep, farm, rural, agriculture -
National Wool Museum
Photograph - The Australian Eleven, 1935
"The Australian Eleven", from the display board which hung in the Geelong Wool Exchange, Corio St, Geelong until the building was sold in 1985. Sheep were from the "Wanganella" station in Victoria.Panoramic black and white photograph of eleven merino rams in full fleece, standing in a row in front of a wire fence. The photograph has a dark, tree-lined background and each side has been blackened out. Photograph is glued to cream cardboard. Bands of glue are visible where photograph has been fixed to mounting board. Grey paper pieces glued to the back of the cream board.merino sheep, sheep australian, pastoral industry history, geelong woolbrokers' association geelong wool exchange, western district, victoria, 'wanganella' victoria, sheep - australian, pastoral industry - history -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Banner
The letters of the completed banner were made by different churches within in the presbytery and spelled a sentence, presumably "BUILD YOUR CHURCH LORD!" Orbost was one of the churches that had the finished banner on display. One of 24 small banners with tabs at the top of each for hanging on a rod. 19 have large blue letters appliqued on them. Twenty two of the banners are roughly square and two are smaller and oblong. Three have no letters and are used as spacers in the four word sentence that the letters make. The banners are decorated with rural and coastal images. BN068.7 "O" with fabric paint flag, ram, road and trees and a cow "O"uniting church adult fellowship -
National Wool Museum
Trophy
This trophy was awarded to William Kermode of Mona Vale for the best pair of Merino ewes exhibited at the Southern Tasmanian Agricultural and Pastoral Society in October, 1879. William Kermode formed the Mona Vale flock in 1829 with VDL C. Saxons. In the early 1870s under Kermode, Ercildoun rams were tried, as was a St Johnstone ram. It is well documented that the famous Steiger-blood ram, Sir Robert (out of a Mona Vale ewe), had considerable impact on a number of Tasmania's influential studs. At its height in the late nineteenth century, Mona Vale was regarded as "... one of Tasmania's leading and parent studs, producing robust fine-wool sheep with quality, long-stapled and dense wool." (Massy 1990: p.406). The first agricultural society in Australia was formed in Hobart on 1 Jan. 1822. The trophy was retailed by Walsh Brothers, Melbourne in c.1875. The cup has no makers marks, but has been attributed by Christie's to Edward Fischer, a local Geelong silversmith. This attribution is based upon stylistic criteria. However, Ms Veronica Filmer of the Geelong Art Gallery (curator of "Geelong's Colonial Silversmiths", Geelong Art Gallery, 1988), has suggested that the lack of stamps is unusual (most of Fishcher's work was stamped) and also that it is somewhat heavy for Fischer's work. The trophy originated from the collection of Edward Clark, an antique dealer. Prior ownership of the trophy is uncertain, but it is believed that Clark purchased it in the mid 1990s from descendants of the original prize recipients.Trophy, sterling silver. Circular, stepped base and tapering stem decorated with cartouches of leaves on a matt background. The bowl of the trophy has an applied belt cartouche with an inscription. Within the belt cartouche is an engraved and embossed panel of two sheep with a cottage in the background. There are ribbon tied floral swags on either side of the cartouche, and a presentation inscription with a beaded border on the reverse of the bowl.SOUTHERN TASMANIAN AGRICULTURAL & PASTORAL SOCIETY Presented / to / Joseph Clarke Esq / and awarded to / W.A. Kermode Esq / of Mona Vale / for Best Pair Merino Ewes, / October 1879southern tasmanian agricultural and pastoral society, logo merino: sheep in australian art and design - exhibition (29/07/2000 - 04/02/2001), fischer, mr edward - silversmiths and jewellers kermode, mr william - mona vale stud clarke, mr joseph, mona vale stud, tasmania -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Framed print, HMAS Melbourne
HMAS Melbourne never fired a shot in anger during her career, having only peripheral, non-combat roles in relation to the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation and the Vietnam War. She was, however, involved in two major collisions with allied vessels; though Melbourne was found not to be the primary cause of either incident. The first occurred on the evening of 10 February 1964, in which Melbourne rammed and sank the RAN destroyer HMAS Voyager when the latter altered course across her bow. Eighty-two of Voyager's personnel were killed, and two Royal Commissions were held to investigate the incident. The second collision occurred in the early morning of 3 June 1969, when Melbourne also rammed the United States Navy (USN) destroyer USS Frank E. Evans in similar circumstances. Seventy-four American personnel died, and a joint USN–RAN Board of Inquiry was held. These incidents, along with several minor collisions, shipboard accidents, and aircraft losses, led to the reputation that Melbourne was jinxed. HMAS Melbourne was a Majestic-class light aircraft carrier of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Operating from 1955 until 1982, she was the third and final conventional aircraft carrier to serve in the RAN. Melbourne was the only Commonwealth naval vessel to sink two friendly warships in peacetime collisionsMoulded patterned black plastic frame and mount containing black and white print of hand drawn ship at seaThe Majestic Melbourne Dedicated to those who servedhmas melbourne, ran, aircraft carrier -
Federation University Historical Collection
Equipment - Computer, MicroBee Word Processor, c1983
The Australian designed Microbee computer ran at a clock speed of 2 MHz, with a video clock of 12 MHz (displaying 64x16 characters of 512 x 256 pixels) on a modified television of composite monitor. The standard machines were supplied with 16 rt 32 KB of static RAM, and stored programs on a cassette. It was released in June 1982, and could be purchased for AUS$399 in kit form. The Microbee operating system was micro World BASIC.White computer monitor, keyboard, two instruction books and a MicroBee manual. It was the first computer designed and built in Australia. The Ballarat School of Mines was an early user of the MicroBee and had computer labs set up with MicroBee technology. It includes an eight page MicroBee Word Processor Instruction Manual compiled by Pam Baldock,17 July 1984.microbee, computer, pam baldock -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Document:, Letter from Joseph Kirkham 1872, 1872
This letter refers to the production of long wool and sourcing the fleece and breeding stock of the Lincoln long wool breed. He writes from Lincolnshire and is looking at developing opportunities in Australia and New Zealand. The breed became popular in the latter part of the 19th century and large prices were paid for stock particularly rams. They were bred for wool as well as meat. The breed had declined in popularity in the later part of the 20th century. This letter is part of the Bostock collectionA handwritten letter documenting the link between English markets and Australian sheep farmers.Pale blue paper, lightweight, handwritten in black ink.Joseph* Kirkhamwarrnambool, lincoln long wool, joseph kirkham lincolnshire, 1872, bostock -
Duldig Studio museum + sculpture garden
Photograph, Karl Duldig, Slawa and her sister Rella, Paris, 1968, 1968
This photograph was taken by Karl Duldig when he and Slawa visited Slawa's sister Rella Laisne in Paris in 1968. They went to Paris as part of a world trip on the occasion of the unveiling of Karl's sculptural monument, Dawn, at the Maccabiah Village, Ram Gat, Israel. Commissioned by Hakoah and World Maccabi Union his monument commemorates the sportsmen and women of Hakoah Sports Club who were among the victims in the Holocaust. Karl had played for Hakoah in his youth. This is one of a large collection of photographs taken by sculptor Karl Duldig, documenting his art, life and family. The collection is of historical and aesthetic significance as a personal record of the work, cultural and social milieu of an Austro- Australian sculptor and his family from the early to late 20th century. it is also a record and representative of the experience of those people who came to Australia at this time, displaced by the upheavals of the Second World War. -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Document - Docket: Wilson & Anderson Jos Tilley 1917, Early 20th century
This docket from the firm of Wilson and Anderson, auctioneers, gives details of the sale of 3 rams on behalf of Joseph Tilley of ‘Aringa’. The total profit for Mr Tilley was £6. Wilson and Anderson were stock and station agents operating in the early 20th century from the Royal Chambers in Kepler Street, Warrnambool. Joseph Tilley ran the property of ‘Aringa’ which was on the Portland Road, five miles from Port Fairy. He also owned the Penshurst Hotel at that time. This docket is of some importance as it is an original one and gives details of a 1917 sale of rams with the names Wilson and Anderson and Joseph Tilley of some local interest. It gives us the prices for rams at the time and the type of account form used. This is an original docket of 1917. It is a printed one with printed red lines for entering the details of the sale. The client’s name and sale details are handwritten in black ink.aringa, joseph tilley, wilson and anderson -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Uniform - Tunic, 1899-1903
This original tunic or jacket is part of the full dress uniform of the pre-Federation Victorian Permanent Artillery regiment. Its owner had the rank of Sergeant, as indicated by the three inverted chevrons. The Artillery design of the badges and buttons indicate the date of the tunic to be from 1893 to 1903. However the maker of the tunic, W. Moncton, began manufacture in Melbourne in 1899, so this the tunic can be dated between 1899 and 1903. The donor's grandfather was given this tunic but not the name of the original owner. It has since been suggested to the family that the tunic was worn by a local Western District Light Horse member. This could very well have been the case because mounted troops were officially referred to as the Light Horse in the late 19th to early 20th century. Several local men were involved in the Light Horse during the First World War. The donor's grandfather wore this tunic in the local district when riding a penny farthing bicycle. The donor's father also wore the tunic when dressed as a 'Captain' hosting a local disco dance. BRIEF MILITARY HISTORY- The Crimean War began In 1854 and many people in colonial Australia were afraid of a Russian attack. Volunteer forces were established to strengthen the British Imperial troops posted here. A battery of artillery was raised in Victoria as well as in other Australian states. In 1870 Australia became responsible for its own naval and military defence. The Volunteer Corps and Victorian Navy shared the responsibility of defending the existing forts, assisted by volunteer coastal and mobile field batteries. The Permanent Victorian Artillery force was established. It was disbanded in 1880 then re-formed in 1882 as the Victorian Garrison Artillery Corps. In 1895 the Geelong, Warrnambool, Port Fairy and Portland Batteries became part of the Western District Garrison Artillery. Many of the volunteers who served in the Artillery were from rural areas. They belonged to rifle clubs and were experience horsemen as well. Australia's defence at this time relied on these mounted troops, or Light Horse men. In 1899 the Victorian Garrison Artillery Corps amalgamated with the New South Wales and Queensland Permanent Artillery to become the Victorian Regiment of the Royal Australian Artillery (RAA). Then prior to Federation, the RAA and the Permanent Artillery of South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania all combined, becoming the Royal Australian Artillery Regiment with two Batteries of Field Artillery; Battery A from Sydney and Battery B from Melbourne.This original uniform tunic of the pre-Federation Victorian Permanent Artillery is significant for its association with Australia's military defence and the fortifications of our district, state and country. The tunic is also significant, representing part of the history and evolution of uniforms in the Australian military forces. The tunic is also significant in its representation of Australia's independence in forming its own defences. The tunic has local significance in its connection with local social events.Tunic or jacket, part of the full dress uniform of the pre-Federation Victorian Permanent Artillery operating from 1893 to 1903. Original, single-breasted tunic of dark blue wool, red piping trim, black cotton lining in body. Sleeves lined with blue striped, white cotton. Front closure has eight brass buttons. Red band-style collar with hook-and-eye closure has gold bullion braid trim and a brass badge pinned each side at the front. Upper right sleeve has three inverted chevrons on red fabric with gold bullion braid trim (rank of Sergeant). Both sleeves have gold bullion braid 'Austrian knot' emblems stitched onto lower arm, with ends finishing on the inner sleeve. Shoulder epaulettes have red piping and smaller brass buttons. Closed back vent has vertical scalloped design with six brass buttons, in two columns of three, and red piping trim. Brass belt hook is attached to the left back waist, close to the seam (right side has a mark indicating a previous similar clip). Inside left breast is a concealed pocket. Tunic has both machine and hand stitching. All brass shank-style buttons have matching Artillery emblems with inscriptions on the back. The two brass collar badges have additional artillery emblems of exploding grenade and star as well as an inscription. Buttons were made for W. Moncton, of Melbourne and marked with his name. He traded from 1899, dating the tunic to between 1899 and 1903.Button front: Artillery emblem on front (field cannon facing left, in front of a muzzle-loading ram rod). Button back: engraved "W. MONCTON . MELBOURNE ." Collar badges: Artillery emblem (field cannon facing right | stars | exploding grenade | "AUSTRALIA")flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, uniform jacket, uniform tunic, garrison volunteer uniform, fortifications in victoria, victorian permanent artillery, pre-federation military uniform, sergeant's uniform, jacket, militia, victoria, victorian volunteer forces, victorian regiment, royal australian artillery, raa, field gun, sergeant, w. moncton, garrison, dress uniform, tunic, scarlet collar, red collar, scarlet piping, red piping, gold bullion, artillery emblem, light horse, artillery, mounted troops, victorian garrison artillery corps