Yields information about ESCo tram No. 18 and the way it was presented about 1930.Black and white photograph contained within Reg. Item 2488, page 27, of ESCo No. 18, side on view of tram showing arrangements after windscreens installed and seats reversed. Photographed at Grenville St., after the large tramway shelter removed. Tram fitted with a Suttons Pianos and Players roof ad board. Has an "Enter Front End" sign on the rear of the tram. Photo about the mid 1920's On the right hand edge of the photograph is a faint stamp "Richards & Co / Photos". Alongside photo is a handwritten not on the size of the motors fitted to the various ESCo trams and the weight of the trams. Note Item Not formally Numbered. Image btm2489i3 shows position on page relative to items 2489, 91 and 92. 2490.1 - Electronic copy of same photograph donated by Ron Hann on a CD of photographs given to him at the time of his visit in January 1963 by the Manager. Refer to email held with item 3841. Added 28/2/2010. See Reg Item 4568 for the CD. High Res Images added 15/3/2011. See Reg Item 1879 for other copies of this photograph.Numerous on page, mainly in ink and pencil.tramways, trams, esco, grenville st, motors, suttons, tram 18

Yields information about a social welfare or friendly society part of the Ballarat Tramways - group who looked after their fellow workers through contributions. Gives the rules of the Ballarat Tramways and SEC Benefit Fund.Sixteen page with light brown light weight card covers, centre stapled book titled "The Objects, Rules and Regulations of 'The Ballarat Tramways and SEC Benefit Fund." Details the committee, that it was approved by the Department of Social Services, name, objects, constitution, trustees, executive, collectors, meeting of members, members qualifications, benefits (in pounds), claims, unfinancial members, payment of claims, the Secretary, alteration to constitution and Order of business. Note the membership allowed for any SEC employee in the district. President H. Knight Secretary and Treasurer - W. Cross Vice President F. Spielvogel and J. Tucker Committee - C. Phillips, H.Gilbert, A.Johnson, G. Millar, P.Hubbard, D.McLeod, L. Hoare, W.Edwards, W.Lyons, W.Cross, J.Young, H.Knight, E.Cartledge, T.Duke, W.Waight, S.Todd, V.McCartin. Dated - 24/1/1947- earlier version of Reg Item 3657, benefits similar, but contribution lower 1/- instead of 1/6 per week. This may See also Reg item 7134 for a similar document but with different committee membes and an alteration to the Rules. Full scan of document added as a pdf file 5/6/2019. On front cover in ink "D.Kellett"trams, tramways, social welfare, sickness, sec, ballarat

Demonstrates aspects of the SEC governance system in issuing By-laws for the travelling public, as part of their Act. Yields information about fares charged for tram services in Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. Issued to crews.Twenty page booklet, plus medium weight card blue colour covers centre stapled. Book cover has title "Electric Tramways of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria By-Law No. 1". Along the bottom edge is the printing number "TYE 1-27" and date, "November 1955" Pages are numbered pages 1 to 20, amending By Laws dated 9/3/1937 (See Reg. Item 3108) and with a list of subsequent dates in the first paragraph. Dated by the SEC 20/10/1955. Gives definitions, fares and charges, regulations re passengers, behaviour, smoking, dangerous goods, luggage and behaviour of crews. Gives schedule of fares and charges for Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. Fares applied from 1949 to 1951 - see Reference. Details names of SEC Commissioners, Minister in Charge of Electrical Undertakings on rear page. Five copies held. See also Reg Item 3508 for other copies. No printer details. Full pdf copy added 28/5/2019 - scanned from a spare copy. See Fares in Ballarat – from Alan Bradley 11/4/2005 – appendix for BookCopy 1 & 2 - has "1955" in black ink on top of front cover. Copy 2 - has "Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society No. 204" written in black ink on top of cover. Copy 3 & 4 - has "Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society No. 204" written in black ink on top of cover . Copy 4 - has marks and an "X" alongside rule 34(ii), page 11. Copy 5 - has "Carter. R" in blue ink along top edge of covertrams, tramways, secv rules, by laws, tickets, fares, ballarat, bendigo, geelong

Demonstrates pictorial souvenir strips of photographs of Ballarat, both colour and black and white and yields information about Ballarat c 1940.Set of 10 small colour and 5 large black and white views of Ballarat printed on a folded strip, glued within a light brown colour light weight cardboard folder, titled "Pictorial Souvenir of Ballarat - Views in Colour". Booklet printed with an address area with title in red and kookaburras. Produced by Murray View, Gympie Queensland. The rear has a slit surrounded by red dashes on the rear cover that allowed the folder to be secured. Pictures are: Colour: 1. Statutory Pavilion 2. Sturt St looking west - with a tram in the bottom of the photograph 3. Victory Arch 4. Queen Elizabeth Benevolent home 5. Queen Victoria Memorial Gardens 6. Swans on Lake Wendouree 7. The Conservatory 8. Avenue of Fame (Prime Ministers) 9. Eureka Stockade 10. Cnr Sturt and Lydiard St, with a bus in the view Black and White 1. The State Building 2. Panorama from Black Hill 3. Old Curiosity Shop 4. Reflections - Botanical Gardens 5. Sturt St looking east - has a tram in the view, with 1930's SEC colour scheme. trams, tramways, sturt st, town hall, lake wendouree, memorial arch avenue of honour, memorial, gardens, lydiard st, eureka, tram 19

Diggers & Mining. Stores at the diggings. ''Rates of carriage to Mount Alexander had generally ranged between £10 and 20 per ton. As winter drew on, these rates, began alarmingly to advance. The Bendigo goldfields . . . Were at this time the great focus of attention. To this locality, where it was said 40,000 persons were at one time assembled during the month of June, the rates of carriage rose successively to £80, £100, and £120 per ton, and contracts were said to have been freely made at still higher rates, even at £150 per ton. £3 to £4 per week with rations were promptly given to good bullock drivers who were disposed to undertake the protracted and adventurous charge of a provision dray. At the diggings, the course of prices had been for some time on the upward move, in anticipation of the winter's scarcity. A tent full of stores was second only to a tent full of gold itself. Flour which could be purchased in Melbourne at £24 per ton was sold at Bendigo for £20 per bag of 200lbs., or at the rate of £200 for the ton of 2,000lbs., weight'' Markings: 40 994.LIF. 5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimount

The collection of thirteen model horse drawn vehicles were carefully handmade by Mr Chas W Davis 1925 - 2002. He was a talented artist and saw doctor. This model of a horse drawn Baker's Cart replicates the vehicle that enjoyed respect from the public during the 1880 and early 1900's. A model of a single horse drawn red enclosed Capital Bakery Cart which is a lightweight four wheeled one passenger horse drawn carriage where the driver sits behind. It has two large and two smaller gold painted spoked wheels with brown rims, grey and black painted seating two gold coach lamps and a sloped red and tan footrest for the driver. There is a brake lever on the right side of the cart which activates the brake on the back wheel. At the rear are two ventilated gold doors and cupboards underneath the seat. There are two silver metal tubular shafts on each side to surround the brown horse which has a black tail and mane. It has the necessary horse tack for cart use to help the driver communicate with the horse. These carrier carts or vans were four wheeled medium weight Commercial Vehicles which were a very familiar sight in the horse drawn era. Every kid 'whipped behind' bread carts. The first models were imported from England around 1870 and later the local coachworks built many models. The biggest producer was Flood in St Kilda Road until 1926.CAPITAL BAKERY is painted in white lettering on each side of the cart.replicas, models, scale models, vehicles, carriages, horse drawn vehicles, toy horses, early commercial vehicles, bread cart

The NQRs were the standard Medium open goods wagon. Generally the sides and ends were removable thus providing a totally flat truck. Three long drop-down doors formed the sides thus allowing easy loading and unloading. 218 of these goods vehicles were built between 1898 and 1914 ? numbered 1 - 218​. Originally, these wagons carried the code letter R​ as they were built with sides and ends. They later had the R removed. Unlike the Broad Gauge, VR's 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge network never had four-wheeled wagons (aside from a handful of trolleys). Because of this, a single design of open wagon emerged and this was the only type of wagon ever used on these lines. This was the NQR class, a wagon with the same length and loading capacity as a Broad Gauge four-wheeled open wagon to make transferring freight between the gauges easier. The wagons, numbered 1 through 218, were built between 1898 and 1914. The wagons used the same underframe as most other non-locomotives on the VR Narrow Gauge. Letters and numbers were originally painted only on the end bulkheads and doors, both of which could be removed as traffic dictated, and this made wagon identification difficult until the decals were transferred to the underframes of each wagon In the 1910s some NQRs were provided with removable wood and steel frameworks with canvas roof canopies and side curtains, and internal seating to supplement the rest of the passenger stock during busy holiday periods. Puffing Billy has re-created these for emergency capacity. Five more NQRs, numbered 219-223​, were built between 1990 and 1992 initially for passenger use so were fitted with the removable frames In the 1960s the Puffing Billy Railway added grids in the floor of some to enable them to be used to drop ballast on the track where needed. Vehicle Length 25 feet 2 inches ( 7671 mm) Coupled Length 27 feet 4 inches (8330 mm) Width 6 feet 3 inches (1905 mm) Weight 5 tons Capacity 11 tons Built 1898 - 1915 (1992) Number Built 218 (223) In use 14 To be restored 6 26 NQR - Open Medium Truck (11) 10/12/1898 NWS Built new Vehicle Length 25 feet 2 inches ( 7671 mm) Coupled Length 27 feet 4 inches (8330 mm) Width 6 feet 3 inches (1905 mm) Weight 5 tons Capacity 11 tons Built 1898 - 1915 (1992) Number Built 218 (223) In use 14 To be restored 6 VR Service History *NQR 26.VA - 10/12/1898 NWS Built new - / /1926 - To NQ 26.VA - NQ 26.VA - 24/10/1936 NWS Into Workshops - 7/12/1936 NWS Out of Workshops (45 days) /10/1954 - Sold (to) - Puffing Billy Service History or Notes Historic - Victorian Railways - Narrow Gauge Rolling Stock - NQR Open Medium Truck26 NQR - narrow gauge Open Medium Truck made of Steel and metal26 NQRpuffing billy railway, pbr, rolling stock , 26 nqr - open medium truck, victorian railways, narrow gauge rolling stock, nqr wagon, 26 nqr, nqr open medium truck

John Raymond (Ray) Blight enlisted on 19 July 1915. He was an electrical engineer, having studied at the Ballarat School of Mines. On 23 June 1916 Ray Blight disembarked at Marseilles. 3 February 1917 he was hospitalised with scabies. Ray Blight's next of kin was his mother, Mary Jane Blight of 116 Lyons Street South, Ballarat. James Leslie Sim enlisted on 13 July 1915, at which time he was an accountant. His next of kin was his father, Charles Robert Sim of Drummond Street North, Ballarat. On 23 June 1916 James Sim disembarked at Marseilles. A year later he received leave to the United Kingdom returning to France 2 weeks later. He received leave to Paris from 18 march 1918 to 4 April 1918. Sim was wounded on 1 June 1918.Two World War One soldiers in military uniform pose for a photograph. The two men are Lance Corporal Ray Blight and Lance Corporal Sim (both of Ballarat). On the back is a personal letter to Ballarat School of Mines Lecturer Daniel Walker. The pin holes in the postcard suggest it was displayed at the Ballarat School of Mines. .1) Verso: " France 25/8/16. Dear Mr Walker, Just a line in sending a photo we had taken in a small photographers, in a town within range of the evenings guns, the other boy is L/Corp Sim, one time an old SMB and son of R. Sim, of Ballarat, we are wearing steel helmuts weight about 4lbs they are protection against shrapnel and steel splinters. We are doing well here, Les Coulter was wounded just near here but did not see him. Best wishes to all. Ray Blight. .2) Verso: Sitting, Ray Blight, from Ballarat, you will know his sister, she helps Miss Brazena a lot with the parcels. Standing, Les Sim, of Sim and co. wood merchants, Ballarat.world war one, world war 1, james sim, ballarat school of mines, blight, james blight, sim, les sim, coulter, les coulter, world war, walker, wwi, great world war, france

The artillery piece of the cannon was cast at the Low Moor foundry in England in 1861. It is a 68 pound muzzle loading cannon, capable of firing a 68 pound weight projectile. The arrow on the top of the barrel is the symbol of government ownership. It is probably one of the artillery pieces purchased by the Victorian government in response to the 1863 report by Captain Scratchley, which recommended 19 such artillery pieces be bought for the defence of Hobsons Bay, (Williamstown, Melbourne) (Billets p.12). It was possibly brought to Warrnambool in the late 1860s or the 1870s, to be used for training purposes by volunteers and local militia. The wrought iron runners were probably added to the slides at a later date. This model of carriage had been manufactured since 1855, and the traversing slide since 1860. The traversing slide of the wooden carriage absorbs the recoil when the gun is then returns to the gun to its original position for loading and re-firing. The properties of the timber (regarded as being Burmese teak) have helped to preserve these carriages in Australia. This particular carriage and traversing slide would have been manufactured about the same time as the gun (in 1861) in the Royal Carriage Department of the Royal Gun Factory in Woolwich, England. The gun would then have been assembled on the traversing slide of the carriage, then despatched as a unit. The wooden slide compressor mechanism that belongs to the cannon was used to limit the recoil when the cannon was fired. It is now stored separately for purposes of preservation. It is extremely rare, as it is the only one surviving in this group of South Western Victorian cannons.This 68 pdr cannon, mounted with its original wooden carriage, is part of the South Western Victoria collection of surviving 19th Century artillery pieces, item number W/F/02. It is rated as EXTREMELY RARE on a State, National and World level. The 68 pound smooth bore cannon of this period are not particularly rare either in Australia or overseas; its significance lies in its Victorian provenance and as an element in a major collection of 19th century cannon. The number of surviving carriages with traversing slides in this group in South Western Victoria is unique in Australia and probably in the World. Out of 10 such platforms surviving in Australia, the South Western Victorian group has half. Several survive around the world but probably not in such a large group. The wooden sliding compressor mechanism belonging to this cannon is extremely rare, and the only one in this South Western Victorian group of Guns and Cannons. As a whole, this cannon has undergone very little restoration or modification, giving it a high level of integrity.Warrnambool Garrison Cannon. 68pdr smoothbore, muzzle-loading, cast-iron cannon. Manufactured in Low Moor, 1861, No. 10310. Mounted on the wooden carriage with wrought iron traversing slide and wrought iron runners and fittings. The cannon's Cascabel is cast with a loop. The wooden slide Compressor Mechanism, or Recoil Mechanism, is extremely rare. This mechanism comprises two equal-sized sections of wood, one on each side of the centre, joined by metal rods. In the centre of this wooden platform, with openings, top and bottom is a 15cm diameter metal cylinder with two cusps on the edge of the top (this wood has split over time). Two parallel sides each have two 1cm thick metal "L' plates attached 15cm long and 8.5cm wide. With the unit is ‘ L’ bracket, curved bracket and bolt head.Cannon trunnion "LOW MOOR / 10310 / 1861" Top of the barrel "7045, (symbol of an arrow pointing up), 95 – 3 – 14, 1861, 209" Cascabel "CV / N / C" The rear of left-hand slide " "OD” “JW” “No 33” Side chock – “JW” twice. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, muzzle loading cannon, 68 pound cannon, low moor foundry, royal gun factory, warrnambool militia, warrnambool garrison volunteers, warrnambool fortifications, wooden sliding compression mechanism, carriage and traversing slide, 19th century cannon, traversing platform, garrison sliding carriage, 68 pounder

In 1806, William Colgate, a soap and candle maker, opened up a starch, soap and candle factory on Dutch Street in New York City under the name of "William Colgate & Company". In the 1840s, the firm began selling individual cakes of soap in uniform weights. In 1857, William Colgate died and the company was re-organized as "Colgate & Company" under the management of Samuel Colgate, his son. In 1872, Colgate introduced Cashmere Bouquet, a perfumed soap. In 1873, the firm introduced its first toothpaste, an aromatic toothpaste sold in jars. His company sold the first toothpaste in a tube, Colgate Ribbon Dental Cream (invented by the dentist Washington Sheffield), in 1896. In 1896, Colgate hired Martin Ittner and under his direction founded one of the first applied research labs.[3] By 1908 they initiated mass selling of toothpaste in tubes.In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the B.J. Johnson Company was making a soap entirely of palm oil and olive oil, the formula of which was developed by B.J. Johnson in 1898. The soap was popular enough to rename their company after it - "Palmolive". Around the start of the 20th century Palmolive, which contained both palm and olive oils, was the world's best-selling soap. ). A Missouri-based soap manufacturer known as Peet Brothers merged with Palmolive to become Palmolive-Peet. In 1928, Palmolive-Peet bought the Colgate Company to create the Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company. In 1953 "Peet" was dropped from the title, leaving only "Colgate-Palmolive Company", the current name.A metal cylinder with a screw top for a 'Colgate' shaving stick. Until the early 20th century, bars or sticks of hard shaving soap were used. Later, tubes containing compounds of oils and soft soap were sold. Newer creams introduced in the 1940s neither produced lather nor required brushes, often referred to as brushless creams.Soaps are used by wetting a shaving brush, which is made out of either boar hair or badger hair, and swirling the brush on the soap, then painting the face with the brush. Brushless creams do not produce a lather, thereby removing its ability to protect the skin against cuts.Cylinder : COLGATE & CO. / SHAVING / STICK / NEW YORK / USA Lid: C&Ccolgate company, colgate-palmolive pty ltd, morabin, bentleigh, cheltenham, razors, cut-throat razors, safety razors, early settlers, soap, shaving cream, toothpaste

This book was owned by Alf Gresham Johnston who was a former SMB mining student from the Ballarat School of Mines. He died at the age of 29 during military service in South Africa. The following is from the Federation Uni Honour Roll at http://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/honour-roll/j/alfred-gresham-johnston-1872-1901 The October 1901 Ballarat School of Mines (SMB) Students Magazine reported 'Alf. Johnston's gone. The news came as a shock to all of us at the school. He who was with us a few short months ago, in all strength of sturdy manhood, has met a soldier's death in South Africa, and we sincerely mourn his loss…. His heart was in the school, and he did his best to further its interests … His last act on leaving Australian shores was to send a telegram from Albany to Prof. Mica Smith, to whom he was warmly attached, wishing the School and all connected with it "Good-bye". In his short, all to short, life of 29 years, he had more adventure than falls the lot of most men, and possibly the spirit of adventure, and also, of duty, prompted him to throw in his lot with the "colors," and leave for the front. The news of his death comes to us with added weight of sadness when we remember that he was one of the organisers of the School entertainment last year to help swell the fund for the erection of a statue to fallen Victorian soldiers.'A small red book with a double black line bordering the front cover, with the text Longmans Elementary Science Manuals on the bottom of the cover. On the back cover is an L&Co logoOn the title page is the inscription of the original owner of the book Alf G Johnston School of Mines Ballarat 1899. Inside the front cover and on page 19 is the stamp of the School of Mines Ballaratalfred johnston, steam engine, compound engines, condensers, heat, horse-power, transfer of heat, combustion of fuel, saturated steam, cranks and crank shafts, watt governor, boilers, alf johnston, william ripper, boer war

The Laister-Kauffman 10A (LK10A) is a 2 seat a military training glider developed from a successful Jack Laister single seat glider called Yankee Doodle that first flew in 1938 and was exhibited at the Paris Air Show of 1939. The two seater variation was ordered in 1941 by the US Army for training glider pilots of troop carrying gliders. The military designation was XTG-4. The LK 10A glider was a simpler, more robust design than Yankee Doodle. A longer canopy enclosed both seating positions. The top of the fuselage formed a straight ridge from the top of the canopy to the point where the fin – rudder connected. Also, the design was simplified by adopting straight spar wings of 15.2 metres in place of gull wings of 14.170 metres. During the war years 156 LK10As were produced before the contracts to supply the US Army were terminated. Many of these were later sold as surplus. The Museum’s exhibit (serial number 122) was built in 1943. It was imported into Australia in the 1950s by Ric New, a member of the Gliding Club of Western Australia. Ric New modified the glider by “flat topping” the fuselage and making other aerodynamic changes. This kind of modification of the LK10A was a well tried strategy in United States for extracting better performance from the glider. It is understood that the reduction in weight and cleaner aerodynamics from the changes could increase the glide ratio from 1:24 to something like 1:30. The LK10A was located at the Gliding Club of Western Australia for many years. Records reveal that it was kept airworthy until about 1975. The LK10A is an important acquisition in that it allows one to compare the state of two seat glider design in United States and the United Kingdom in the immediate post war period. It is interesting to note that at that time a number of clubs in Australia who acquired a two seat glider for training chose the United Kingdom open cockpit high strutted wing offerings from Slingsby (e.g. T31) instead of more innovative military surplus gliders from America. Modified LK10A glider consisting of tubular steel fuselage with a combination of fabric and metal covering, fabric covered wooden wings and other flying surfaces.australian gliding, glider, sailplane, laister, kauffman, ric new, gliding club of western australia, lk10a, yankee doodle, xtg-4

Builders Number 3354 Build for Inkerman Mill Queensland in 1951 Displayed at the British Industrial Fair at Castle Bromwich, England 1951 prior to delivery to Australia Weight: 10 Tons Known at Inkerman mill as "LI'L TOOT" Major Ernest E. Baguley (1863–1948) was a British engineer.- In the years leading up to the First World War, Baguley served in the Territorial Army and became Second-in-Command, 6th Battalion, North Staffordshire Regiment, rising to the rank of Major. He served in France from 1914 to 1915. Baguley (Engineers) Ltd After the War there was a decline in the production of road vehicles (probably due to competition from other manufacturers) and an increase in the production of railway equipment. The name of the company was changed from Baguley Cars Ltd to Baguley (Engineers) Ltd on 10 April 1923. Following a dispute with their partners Drewry Cars. Ltd, Baguley (Engineers) Ltd went into decline and entered liquidation in 1931. Most of the plant and effects, including Major Baguley's own Baguley car, were sold at auction on 10 November 1931. E. E. Baguley Ltd Major Baguley was a great survivor of WW1 and, he set up a small repair business for Baguley products at Clarence Street, Burton-on-Trent. A new company, E. E. Baguley Ltd, was registered on 30 April 1932 and was soon building locomotives again. In 1934 E. E. Baguley Ltd moved to larger premises at Uxbridge Street, Burton-on-Trent. The company merged with Drewry to form Baguley-Drewry Ltd in 1962.Historic - Industrial Narrow Gauge Railway Diesel Mechanical Locomotive - Pioneer Sugar Mills - Inkerman Sugar Mill, Home Hill, Queensland, AustraliaRail Mine and Plantation (RMP) 0-6-0 Diesel Mechanical 2' Gauge - " LI'L TOOT " Builders Number 3354 Steel (Painted)RMP / 3354 "LI'L TOOT"rmp, diesel, mechanical, locomotive, 2', 2' gauge, puffing billy, inkerman, li'l toot, industrial narrow gauge railway, e. e. baguley ltd, pioneer sugar mills - inkerman sugar mill, rail mine and plantation (rmp)

NQ/NQR OPEN MEDIUM TRUCKS. 218 of these goods vehicles were built between 1898 and 1914 numbered 1-218. Originally, these wagons carried the code letter R as they were built with sides and ends. Over the years, a number of NQRs were provided with removable wood and steel frameworks with canvas roof canopies and side curtains, and internal seating to supplement the rest of the passenger stock during busy holiday periods. Puffing Billy has re-created these for emergency capacity. Five more NQRs, numbered 219-223, were built between 1990 and 1992 initially for passenger use so were fitted with the removable frames. Vehicle Length 25 feet 2 inches ( 7671 mm) Coupled Length 27 feet 4 inches (8330 mm) Width 6 feet 3 inches (1905 mm) Weight 5 tons Capacity 11 tons Built 1898 - 1915 (1992) Number Built 218 (223) In use 14 To be restored 6 146 NQR - Open medium truck with seats & canopy VR Service History 14/ 9/1910 NWS Built new *NQR 146.VA - 14/ 9/1910 NWS Built new - / /1926 - To NQ 146.VA - NQ 146.VA - /10/1954 - Sold (to) by Stores Branch Puffing Billy Service History or Notes April 2016 - Rubber floor being fitted May 2016 - Repairs to the roof and doorsHistoric - Victorian Railways - Narrow Gauge Rolling Stock - NQR Open Medium Truck with seats & canopy146 NQR - Open medium truck with seats & canopy made of Steel and metal146 NQRpuffing billy railway, pbr, rolling stock, 146 nqr, victorian railways, nqr - open medium truck with seats & canopy

The Heliograph MkV is a fascinating piece of historical surveying and communications equipment. It was primarily used for visual signaling by reflecting sunlight with a mirror to send coded messages over long distances. This method was primarily useful in remote areas where other forms of communication were not available. The MkV model, specifically, was widely used by the British Army and other military forces from around 1906 until the mid 1960s. It remained in use with the Australian Army Survey Corps until the mid 1980s. The device typically included a 5 - inch mirror and was often mounted on a tripod for stability. Initially the instrument was used to communicate between survey stations using Morse code to coordinate their activities. Later when better forms of communication were available they were used for precise angle alignment where the sunlight reflection from the mirror was targeted between the survey stations to give very accurate results. The MkV was relatively light weight and portable, making it ideal for use in the field. It could be setup and adjusted quickly. The heliograph had an adjustable mirror that could be tilted to reflect sunlight towards a distant receiver. Surveyors could align the mirror using a sighting device. Whilst it was primarily used by the Military it was also used in civil surveying particularly in the remote areas of Australia. This instrument was used as a training aid to help teach surveyors at the Royal Australian Survey Corps School of Military Survey. Catalog item No 2009 is a tripod that was used to mount the Heliograph whilst being used for surveying.A Heliograph containing two mirrors with brass surrounds mounted on a wooden board as a Training Aid. Item has additional parts attached to the base board."Heliograph Mk V Training Aid"royal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr

Photograph shows actor Megan Williams dressed as conductress Alice Sullivan posing at the right side driver's doorway of what may be an L class car, suggested by the metal downpipe from the roof to the undercarriage and the saloon windows. The photograph is closely cropped but also appears to show a male in jacket or coat inside the saloon behind the driver's compartment. The Sullivans was a successful period drama series screened on Channel 9 between 1976 and 1983. It traced the lives of a Melbourne family during the 1939-45 war and its aftermath. As women were 'finally' employed by the tramways from 1941 because of man-power shortages, Alice Sullivan's new job helped highlight the changing societal views of the 1940s. The series was know for its attention to historical details, so Alice is dressed in the conductress uniform of the 1940s - brown tunic with brass buttons and belt, collar and tie, a cap (which may not exactly match that of the day), brown skirt below the knees, stockings and flat brown lace-up shoes. Alice also wears a conductor's coin bag with ticket wallet and two blocks 4 penny tickets strategically located for the camera. One error in the historical detail is that the coin bag is hung solely around her neck, which was never done because of the weight of the coins and tickets. A more eleborate harness was soon provided for conductresses. Another error is the placement of the ticket blocks which would have easily worked loose and lost, resulting in a large deduction for the conductress's wage.Yields information about 1940s conductresses and their representation in popular drama Black and white print with note on rearIn pencil: "Channel 9 Sullivans"megan williams, alice sullivan, conductress, l class, the sullivans, conductress uniform, coin bag

This spinning wheel originates from New Zealand; however, it has no distinguishing features relating to its creator such as an inscription, so its exact maker is not known. Gill Stange remembers buying the wheel on Bridge Road in Richmond, approximately 30 years ago. Gill had joined her local Spinners and Weavers Guild after the Ash Wednesday bushfires of 1983. She was a then resident of Mount Macedon and lost everything in the fires. Moving to Melbourne to get away from the scene of much pain, Gill was also in need of a new hobby to help occupy her mind. That is when spinning and weaving entered her life. The local Spinners and Weavers Guild was a great support network for her and with their recommendation, she purchased her own spinning wheel. Her passion was started, and the wheel was to become a treasured item in Gill’s home. She had several spinning wheels within her possession over the years, however, this wheel was her first and always her favourite. When the time came for Gill to downsize, there was simply no longer room for her spinning wheel. This is when she decided to donate the wheel to the National Wool Museum. Gill remembers one highlight was weaving a tablecloth from a traditional German design. It took her two years to complete, with Gill spinning all the wool herself on this wheel. The tablecloth won the first prize in the Melbourne Show in 1987. Gill also used the wheel to teach programs to school children on how to spin and knit wool. She would take the easily transported little wheel, and its accompanying seat, with her to schools. Its small size enabled her to teach children to knit and spin, bringing others the joy that spinning had brought her. Not just limited to schools, Gill also taught programs with the wheel here at the National Wool Museum. It is a fitting home for the wheel, which Gill donated to the National Wool Museum in 2021.Dark varnished wood in a Castle style spinning wheel. The wheel has 8 small spokes which meet a thick outside rim. The outside rim has four golden disc weights on the bottom edge, to aid in the turning of the wheel. The spinning wheel has four legs of turned wood giving a sculptural form, a design pattern which is continued throughout. The wheel has a single medium sized foot pedal. This pedal is well worn with varnish missing from years of use. The wheel is completed with its accompanying chair. Made of the same dark varnished wood, its legs are also of turned wood, continuing the design pattern and uniting the two objects. The chair is very simple outside of the legs, with a medium size base and a thin backrest ending in a rounded head. The chair’s varnish is also starting to fade from years of use. The chair is small, designed to keep the spinning wheel operator at the appropriate height when spinning on the equally small and compact Castle style spinning wheel. Additional parts were donated with the Spinning Wheel. - 3 x Lazy Kates - Spare Maiden. - 450mm Niddy Noddy - Steel teeth brushspinning wool, spinning wheel, ash wednesday, mount macedon, textile production

Demonstrates the source of the tramcars for both Ballarat. Gives details on equipment, sizes and seating capacity of the tramcars as at August 1964 with hand written notes about the acquisition and disposal of some of the tramcars.Printed List of trams and their details for Ballarat Trams ( similar to item 3430.1), dated 5-September-1966, titled "Numbers and Particulars of Trams". Handwritten notes have been made for the acquisition dates for the tramcar and disposal details of the vehicle along the top edge. 3430 - Ballarat - typed carbon copy - two sheets, were taped together. Gives details of where purchased from , date of purchase, type, body builder, seating capacity, overall length, overall height, overall width, condition of tram, trolley base, Lightning arrester, controller make and type, Truck Maker and type, type of truck, axle type, wheel base, axle diameter, motors type and maker, Motor horsepower, Armature bearings, suspension bearings, gear teeth, Air compressor make and type, Brake Valves make and type, Governor make and type, Weight in tons and details of advertising space in racks. At base has typed (original) list of trams of the two types, single truckers and bogie trams. List of trams includes the scrubber and No. 20 which was scrapped prior to system closure. Handwritten notes have been made for the Acquisition dates for the tramcar and disposal details of the vehicle along the top edge.tramcars, ballarat, sec, disposal, sale of trams, acquisitions

Folder with papers - Manila Folder titled in ink "Motor Omnibus Acts" containing copies of the relevant Acts of Parliaments, memos and type extracts regarding the use of buses in Melbourne. Inside front cover - typed list of four Acts Bound with a brass clip: Act 3742 - "Motor Omnibus Acts" - 1928 with amendments Act 3851 - "An Act relating to Motor Omnibuses" Act 4032 - Amending of Section 35 of the 1928 Act] Act 4352 - "Provision with to the Control of Traffic on Roads" - 1935 - allowed State Govt to set regulations to control traffic in various Melbourne and Geelong Municipalities. Loose sheets "Extract from Victoria Gazette - 21/11/1945 - addition to the Metropolitan Motor Omnibus Regulations - re the interiors - seats and bulkheads. Various letters and memo to the Rolling stock Engineer, including a letter from Leyland's 1950 regarding Motor bus weights. Notes on "Motor Omnibus Acts" 3378 - Points to be observed, UK Metropolitan Stage (Motor) Carriages, Three page copy of a memo (last page loose) dated 26/11/1935 - Tenders for the supply of 10 additional motor buses - Leyland Cub buses - issues with the vehicles. See image i2.pdftrams, tramways, buses, leyland, acts of parliament, tenders, preston workshops

Championship played at Adelaide in June 1969, Title won by Victoria. Peter Walker Born: 12/06/1942 From: Beeac Height: 183cm Weight: 76kg Natural kicking foot: Right Guernsey number: 34 First senior match: Round 3, 1960 v Fitzroy at the Brunswick Street Oval After taking time to settle at senior level, he found his rightful place on the half-back line. Once he gained confidence, he became a champion, dashing player who could mark above taller opponents and swing Geelong into attack instantly with fine disposal. His duels with Darrel Baldock of St Kilda were outstanding during the 1960s. He always played the game fairly and followed coaches’ instructions to the letter. Total Brownlow Medal votes: 32 Premiership team selection: 1963 Captain: 2 matches (1969) Club Best & Fairest: 1965 Runner-up in club B&F count: 1963 Third in club B&F count: 1967 Fifth in club B&F count: 1968, 1969 Eighth in club B&F count: 1964 (equal) GFC Hall of Fame inductee (2002) GFC Life Membership (1968) Career span: 1960-69; 1971 Total matches: Premiership 159, Interstate 9 Total goals: Premiership 1, Interstate 0 Finals matches: 15 Finals goals: 0 Last senior match: Round 11, 1971 v Richmond at Kardinia Park Died: 08/07/2010 John ‘Sam’ Newman Born: 22/12/1945 From: Geelong Grammar Height: 189cm Weight: 94kg Natural kicking foot: Right Guernsey number: 17 First senior match: Round 3, 1964 v Fitzroy at the Brunswick St Oval The champion ruckman/forward-pocket/back-pocket became a valuable centre half-forward late in his career. He was a magnificent high mark and a great handball exponent. His ability to maneuver his body into correct position at ruck contests and in marking duels was equal to that of Graham Farmer. He worked hard to overcome severe kidney and ankle injuries to play 300 matches for Geelong in a magnificent 17-season span. Total Brownlow Medal votes: 85 Captain: 41 matches (1974-75) Club Best & Fairest: 1968, 1975 Runner-up in club B&F count: 1974 Third in club B&F count: 1965, 1970, 1976 Fourth in club B&F count: 1969 Fifth in club B&F count: 1973, 1979 Seventh in club B&F count: 1967, 1977 All Australian selection: 1969 GFC Team of the 20th Century selection (back pocket) GFC Hall of Fame inductee (2002) GFC Hall of Fame Legend GFC Life Membership (1971) Career span: 1964-80 Total matches: Premiership 300, Night/Pre-Season Series 4, Interstate 8 Total goals: Premiership 110, Night/Pre-Season Series 4, Interstate 1 Finals matches: 12 Finals goals: 4 Last senior match: Second Semi Final, 1980 v Richmond at Waverley Park Information provided by Mr Col Hutchinson GFC HistorianWhite painted wooden frame with glass front. White mounting card surrounds the photograph. Black and white photograph of John 'Sam' Newman, Ivan Morris, A.R. Jack Jennings and Peter Walker standing in front of a wire fence. Above on the mounting card states "GEELONG FOOTBALL CLUB" and the supporting text below provides context for the photograph. Wire on the back for hanging.peter walker, john newman, sam newman, ivan morris, a.r. jack jennings

The Barking Owl is a nocturnal, medium sized (390-440 mm) bird of prey native to Australia, parts of Papua New Guinea, and the Moluccas. Males are generally slightly larger by weight than females and they are only one of small number of owl species that do not exhibit marked sexual dimorphism. Barking Owls have characteristic vocalisations, ranging from 'a 'woof woof' barking dog sounds to shrill, human-like scream sounds, which reportedly alarmed early European settlers. The Barking Owl's shrill and explosive vocalisation is sometimes associated with Bunyip mythology or referred to as 'the screaming woman call'. The male call is slightly lower in pitch than the female, and males and females often duet, contrasting low and high pitches. The owls are brown-grey in colour with white spots on the wings and vertically streaked chest. Their eyes are large and yellow. Barking Owls may be vulnerable in some parts of Australia due to woodland habitat loss. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century. This male Barking Owl is average sized with brown, grey and white spots and vertical chest streaks. The face and breast are lighter in colour than the wings and dorsal plumage. The eyes are large and dark and the legs and feet are yellowish. The eyes are large and yellow irises and the legs and feet are yellowish. The specimen stands on a wooden perch pedestal with identification tags attached to its leg. 17. / Bookook Owl / See catalogue page, 4 /taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, owls, barking owls, screaming woman call, yowing, woodland birds, birds of prey, australian owls, endangered, loss of habitat, woodland habitat, bunyip, australian early settler mythology

These eight photographs were most likely taken in the 1960s in Lithographic Squadron at the Army Headquarters Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo. Although Photo .1P is not annotated the remainder have the name of the technicians written on the back. The equipment operated by the technicians is the KLIMCH Commodore camera. The main tasks undertaken by the technicians were most likely enlargements and reductions of map reproduction material. The KLIMSCH Commodore camera was introduced in 1953 and was the largest in the Southern Hemisphere. It was replaced with a new model of the same size in 1979. The new model with its computer-based interface provided productivity gains with improved speed and its consistent results led to less wastage in time and materials. Its variomat lens system provided improved retention of map feature linear weights during the camera reduction process. The typed description pasted on the back of photo .5P states “Cpl R. MacKenzie of Bentley, Perth (WA) of the AHQ Survey Regt, located at “Fortuna”, Bendigo, (Vic). Has been in the Army for 5 years. He removes the lens cap from the 70 inch F16 lens of the giant KLIMSCH camera used in map making for the Army. The camera which was specially made for the Army in Germany is fully automatic and power operated. It is claimed to be one of the biggest automatic cameras of its type in the world. It was made to the specifications of the Aust Army Survey Corps to assist in the production of the very high standard maps for the Army. The AHQ Survey Regt also assists Commonwealth and other Govt departments in the printing of maps required other than for Army needs. The KLIMSCH camera is used for cartographic mapping photography.” This is a set of photographs of technicians operating photographic reproduction equipment at the Army Headquarters Survey Regiment, Bendigo c1960s. The photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 300 dpi. .1) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, Les ‘Snow’ Taylor, Lithographic Squadron .2) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, Les ‘Snow’ Taylor, Lithographic Squadron .3) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, John Rolfe, Lithographic Squadron .4) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, John Rolfe, Lithographic Squadron .5) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, CPL R. MacKenzie, Lithographic Squadron .6) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, unidentified, Lithographic Squadron .7) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, George Graham, Lithographic Squadron .8) - Photo, black & white, c1960s, L to R: Bill Snelson, George Graham, Lithographic Squadron.1P – no annotation .2 to .4 – personnel names (less rank) annotated on back. .5 – name and rank annotated on back, with detailed typed description .6 to .8 – personnel names (less rank) annotated on back. royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr, litho

Sad irons of the 19th century were so named because of the weight 1.8Kg that was needed to press wrinkled clothes and sheets. They were made of solid metal, including the handle. When the iron was heated, this meant that the handle would also heat up. The user would have to use a thick cloth or a mitt of some sort before they could pick up the iron. Even so, burns and blisters, as well as strained, tired arms, were a normal part of the “ironing day.” Mrs Mary Florence Potts of Ottumwa, Iowa, brought a change to the world of ironing. At the age of 19, in 1870, she invented her first sad iron. It had a hollow metal body that could be filled with a non-conducting material such as plaster of Paris. In 1871, Mary invented the removable wood handle, so that it could be changed from the cool iron to one that was hot and ready to use. A final improvement was the shape: Mary made both ends pointed so its user could iron in either direction. All of these inventions were patented under her name, a rarity for the time. Mary, with the help of her husband, tried unsuccessfully to market her invention on her own. It wasn't until she sold the sales rights to the American Manufacturing Company that sales took off. Advertised as "Mrs Potts' sad iron," it became a sensation. The company manufactured the iron from about 1876 to 1951. Mrs Potts' sad iron became a household word and a standard for future inventors to have to surpass. This didn't happen until 1882 when Henry W. Seely patented the first electric iron. The item is significant not only as a usable domestic tool, but it was, at the time of its creation, a revolutionary labour-saving device. Mrs Potts invention remains associated with a housewife's answer to the domestic drudgery of ironing.Iron,"Mrs Potts" pattern iron. Semi-circular or 'D' shaped wood handle and wood knob.Mrs Pottsflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, iron, clothes iron, flat iron, laundry, sad iron, mrs potts

The Salamandra is a Polish glider designed by Waclaw Czerwinski at the Military Glider Workshops in Krakow in 1936. This glider, designated “W.W.S.1”, was produced in substantial numbers prior to the second world war and used in Poland and some other eastern European countries for training pilots. Only one example survived the war, hidden away in the village of Goleszow in Silesia. In addition, no technical drawings could be found, so when the glider was discovered, the Gliding Institute being keen to re-establish gliding in Poland, used the glider to draw up new plans for construction. Five were built for the Institute in 1947 before production was resumed of the “Salamandra 48” at the SZD Jezow Workshops. Improvement were made by adding airbrakes and structural changes for the “Salamandra 49” and a windscreen and larger tailplane were changes adopted for the “Salamandra 53”. An export version designated “53A” was sold to and built under licence in China. Production of the Salamandra ceased in the early 1960s. Total production may have been in excess of 500. The glider was well regarded as a light weight trainer capable of soaring performance. The Museum’s replica was built by Ray Ash and may be may be classified as a “Salamandra 53”. However, he has added something of his own to the design by replacing the cable runs in the wings with control rods. The glider is substantially complete. The wings and tail / rudder surfaces have been covered with poly-fibre fabric. The fuselage woodwork is sealed with varnish. In addition to the finishing work (including painting) and rigging of the main components, the linkages for Ray’s control rod modification may need further engineering to make them operational. The Ray Ash Salamandra is the first of the type to appear in Australia. The Salamandra did not play any role in the development of gliding in Australia in the early years. However, it is an important exhibit in that it shows in tangible form a nacelle fuselage training glider in configuration and construction detail. As such it revisits the pioneering era of the 1930s and 1940s in Australia when wood, wire and fabric were the rule and the nacelle primary glider was generally the first step up for pilots who had mastered the basics in an open primary.Nacelled solo training glider of traditional wood and fabric construction. Construction incomplete.Noneaustralian gliding, sailplane, glider, salamandra, czerwinshi, poland, ash

NRT1 - Ruston & Hornsby Diesel Locomotive Built in 1951 to a gauge of 3', this Ruston diesel locomotive or rail tractor operated on the State Electricity Commission of Victoria’s Kiewa scheme. Some years later, it was regauged to 2'6" and was operated by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works. NRT1 is a Ruston & Hornsby diesel locomotive, built in England in 1951 to a gauge of 3 feet, and was initially employed by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. It was later re-gauged to 2' 6" and ended it's working life in 1977 when it was transferred to Puffing Billy. In 1977, it was taken to the P.B.P.S. Steam Museum and stored until 1978 when it was taken to the Emerald Carriage Workshops. Later in 1983 it was returned to service as NRT1 following the V.R. classification procedure as a narrow-gauge rail tractor, but it had number plates installed and was painted Hawthorn green. It will eventually be painted the red of V.R. rail tractors with the number & class painted on in black. This type of locomotive was popular in many industrial locations, with their unique clutch-less 3 speed gearbox meaning the driver could control them whilst walking alongside, a bonus when shunting. Adjustable tie rods meant that as the axles moved on the springs, they followed the radius of the drive chains, reducing the chances of chain snatch LOCOMOTIVE DETAILS NRT class No. originally constructed : No. in service : 1 No. stored: Wheel arrangement : 0-4-0DM Roadworthy weight : 9T 3cwt. Maximum axle load : 4T 15cwt. Tractive effort (85%) : Length overall: 15' 6" Height overall: 10' Driving wheel diameter: 18" Date of manufacture: 1950 Manufacturer : Ruston Hornsby Place of manufacture: Lincoln, England Locomotive type : Diesel Mechanical Manufacturers classification : 48 DL Historic - Industrial narrow Gauge Railway - Ruston & Hornsby diesel locomotive used by State Electricity Commission of Victoria - NRT1 - Ruston & Hornsby Diesel Locomotive NRT1 - Ruston & Hornsby Diesel Locomotive made of steel NRT1 ruston & hornsby diesel locomotive, nrt1 diesel locomotive, nrt1, puffing billy

NQ/NQR OPEN MEDIUM TRUCKS. 218 of these goods vehicles were built between 1898 and 1914 numbered 1-218. Originally, these wagons carried the code letter R as they were built with sides and ends. Over the years, a number of NQRs were provided with removable wood and steel frameworks with canvas roof canopies and side curtains, and internal seating to supplement the rest of the passenger stock during busy holiday periods. Puffing Billy has re-created these for emergency capacity. Five more NQRs, numbered 219-223, were built between 1990 and 1992 initially for passenger use so were fitted with the removable frames. Vehicle Length 25 feet 2 inches ( 7671 mm) Coupled Length 27 feet 4 inches (8330 mm) Width 6 feet 3 inches (1905 mm) Weight 5 tons Capacity 11 tons Built 1898 - 1915 (1992) Number Built 218 (223) In use 14 To be restored 6 186 NQR - Open Medium Truck converted to Excursion Car VR Service History 20/11/1912 NWS Built new *NQR 186.VA - 20/11/1912 NWS Built new - / /1926 - To NQ 186.VA - NQ 186.VA - 15/12/1954 - Scrapped - circa 1975 BEL To NQR 186.PA [v] NQR 186.PA - 26/ 8/1976 CLS Photograph #662.43-.1: and end detail Puffing Billy Service History or Notes Nov 2016 - Lifted Feb 2017 - Wheel flatsHistoric - Victorian Railways - Narrow Gauge Rolling Stock - Open Medium Truck converted to Excursion Car with seats186 NQR - Open Medium Truck converted to Excursion Car with seats made of Steel and metal186NQRpuffing billy, pbr, rolling stock , 186 nqr, victorian railways

Cloth sample from an opera cloak made in England c. 1820 from wool clipped from Macarthur's merino sheep in 1816. The cloak was passed down through the family to Harold Lethbridge with whom the main part of the cloak resides, in Narrandera. The fragment was passed to Lethbridge's niece who gave it to the donor's mother who passed it onto him and then it was donated to the National Wool Museum. The cloth fragment was tested by Gordon Institute of Technology in 1974 showing the wool to be very fine (15-16 microns) which is consistent with the pure lineage of Macarthur's sheep. The cloth fragment was framed in 1952 and remains in the original frame to this day. Cloth sample form an opera cloak made in England c. 1820. Wool for the cloak was clipped from John Macarthur’s merino sheep in 1816. Macarthur is recognised as the pioneer of the wool industry that was to boom in Australia in the early 19th century and become a trademark of the nation. Macarthur was responsible for the first bale of Australian wool to be exported. The British woollen mills were desperate for wool at the time because of the Napoleonic blockade, and the Australian bale sold for a record price. Australia needed a product to sell in European markets which did not perish during long sea-voyages and which offered high value per unit of weight. Wool also had a ready market in England because the Napoleonic Wars had increased demand and cut English cloth-makers off from their traditional source of quality wool, Spain. Australia's first $2 banknote featured John Macarthur thanks largely to his establishment of wool as the backbone of the early Australian economy. Red fabric sample folded in half and mounted in the centre of a brown metal frame.'ARCO' MADE IN ENGLANDmacarthur, wool industry, australian economy

Bushfire perimeter rather than bushfire area is the main control problem for firefighters on the ground. A conundrum rapidly compounded by spot fires. A small 5 ha fire can be nearly 1 km around the perimeter. That's a long way to build a control line by hand in rough bush. Dry firefighting techniques by hand were mostly confined to “knocking down” or “beating out” the flames, as well as "digging out". Digging or raking a “mineral earth” trail down to bare dirt proved most effective in forest fuels which, unlike grass, tend to retain heat and smoulder. Early tools were whatever happened to be close at hand. They were simple and primitive and included shovels, slashers, axes, hoes, beaters and rakes. A cut branch to beat the flames was often the only thing available. Farming and logging tools, developed over centuries of manual labour, and readily available at local hardware stores came into use, but little thought was given to size, weight, and balance. This canvas hose beater was based on a century-old design which used lengths of canvas fire hose rivetted together and lashed with wire to a broom handle. The hose was be soaked in water to improve its effectiveness. If the flames were more than a metre or so the user was generally not able to get close enough to extinguish the fire It's recommend that users lift no more than above knee height to conserve energy and let the beater to the work. For years foresters experimented with combination tools. In about 1952 fire beaters and other implements were being replaced with Rakuts and later RakehoesEarly firefighting toolBushfire beater - Canvas with wooden handleR P PWD (Public Works Department) The handle has painted markings which indicate which FCV District it belonged to.bushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv)

Nineteen Hanro Australia Financial Statements and Annual Reports 1926-1933. (Insert Attached List). Contained in light weight pale blue card folders. Some stapled and some loose sheets. Hanro Knitting Mills Pty Ltd (Aust) a). Financial Statements 30th June, 1926 b). First Annual Report 30th November, 1926 c). Financial Statements 30th June, 1927 d). Second Annual Report 30th November, 1927 e). Third Annual Report 25th October, 1928 f). Financial Statements 29th February, 1928 g). Financial Statements 30th June, 1928 h). Financial Statements 30th June, 1928 i). 4th Annual Report 30th October, 1929 j). 30th June 1930. 1 k). 30th June 1930. 2 l). Director's Report 30th June, 1930 m). Financial Statements 31st July, 1931 n). Sixth Director's Report 22nd October, 1931 o). Seventh Annual Report 31st July, 1932 p). Balance Sheet and Financial Statements 31st July, 1932 q). Balance Sheet and Financial Statements 31st July, 1933 r). First Annual report (after Company name changed) 13th November, 1933.Includes, H. Longstaff, Charles Handschin, Geo Lansell.business, retail, hanro financial records

Demonstrates aspects of the SEC governance system in issuing By-laws for the travelling public, as part of their Act. Yields information about fares charged for tram services in Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. Issued to crews.Twenty Four page booklet, plus medium weight card dark brown colour covers centre stapled. Book cover has title "Electric Tramways of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria By-Law No. 1". Pages are numbered pages 1 to 23, revoking By Laws dated 5/9/1932 (See Reg. Item 3109). Dated 9/3/1937. Gives definitions, fares and charges, regulations re passengers, behaviour, smoking, dangerous goods, luggage and behaviour of crews. Gives schedule of fares and charges for Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. Fares applied from 1937 to 1949 - see Reference. Details names of SEC Commissioners, Minister in Charge of Electrical Undertakings. Copy has numerous changes marked in red ink internally and pasted in changes to the text. Has Government Printer number 6967. Given the printing number on Reg. Item 3108 is a higher number and that H. Green was the Government Printer for this book and in 1936 (See Reg. Item 3068), indicates a copy printed in 1937. A piece of paper has been pinned to the copy on page 23, giving details of where to relieve on the Sebastopol route. Written in red ink. See Fares in Ballarat – from Alan Bradley 11/4/2005 – appendix for Book Copy - has numerous changes marked in red ink mainly, some pencil, internally and pasted in changes to the text.trams, tramways, secv rules, by laws, tickets, fares, ballarat, bendigo, geelong