This is a surveyors' camp in the McCulloch Ranges April, 1897. Surveyors were among the first European settlers to arrive in Australia. A Surveyor-General was present on the First Fleet, as well as the first two ships which landed in South Australia. These men were issued with instructions to record observations in a journal that included the country’s general appearance, its soil, flora and fauna and the customs and language of local inhabitants. The conditions they worked in were harsh and they embarked on journeys with drays carrying cumbersome surveying and camping equipment, spending months camping out in the bush and mapping the land. It was not until well into the second half of the nineteenth century that the professional training of surveyors became mandatory in Australia. This is a pictorial record of a surveyors' camp in the late 19th century.A black / white photograph of a group of men standing at a campsite in the bush. Two tents are in the background.on the front - "Surveyors Camp, McCulloch Ranges" Some names have been added for identification - Bates, Thorn and others which cannot be read.surveyors-camp-mcculloch-ranges land-settlement

Photographer Ezra Goulter operated from 23 Chapel St. Prahran between 1878-1890 A duplicate photo is contained in Album 2 (05664) CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1890, goulter photographer chapel st prahan, male shillinglaw 7, unknown, 1885

Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photograph collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series provides an insight into the early days of Churchill Island as a Conservation site. Robert Ingpen is a renowned graphic designer and book illustrator who was born in Geelong in 1936. In 1968 he became the only Australian to be awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Medal for his International contribution to book illustrations. Robert Ingpen did a classic set of drawings of Churchill Island (circa 1976), before the farm restoration. They were originally sold to raise funds for the conservation of Churchill Island and can still be seen as prints or depicted on place mats and coasters. Black and White photograph of Robert IngpenCatalogue number written on reverse in pencil. Handwritten on reverse 'Artist Robert Ingpen' churchill island

Methodist societies and churches issued quarterly tickets (or class tickets or love feast tickets) as a way to identify members of good standing in the society or church. Tickets also became a way of offering admission to the love feast, or Agape, which was a service around a shared meal, but distinct from the Lord’s Supper. Quarterly tickets typically included the member’s name, the minister’s name, the date, as well as a Scriptural text. The practice of issuing quarterly tickets began in the mid-eighteenth century with John Wesley and continued in many Methodist organizations throughout the nineteenth century. Issuing tickets fell out of practice in the early twentieth century. https://findingaids.library.emory.edu/documents/P-MSS441/printable/Printed envelope containing a Quarterly Ticket for March 1930. The card has the donor's name written on it together with the month and year."Doris Wise" "March 1930"northcote methodist circuit, methodist quarterly tickets

"Glenara' was the home of Alistair Clark who lived at Bulla which is situated about 20 kms NW of Melbourne in the Deep Creek valley. He was born there in 1864 and lived there throughout his lifetime until his death in 1949. His father established the property during the mid-nineteenth century. Alister Clark was a rose grower and created the very popular 'Lorraine Lea 'rose along with other famous species. A rose garden has been established in the township of Bulla in his memory. He was also an active member of the Victorian Racing Club. The original photograph was published in the Melbourne 'Herald' on 20 August 1952 on page 5.Alistair Clark was a prominent rose grower and developed many rose species which were suitable for Victorian conditions. The homestead is a good example of Victorian architecture built in Victoria in the latter years of the nineteenth century. The house has a heritage listing in the City of Hume Heritage Study.A black and white photograph with a fine white frame, of a Victorian homestead with a a verandah across the front of the house. It is set in a spacious garden with garden beds, lawn and trees.clark, alistair, 'glenara' homestead, roses, bulla, deep creek

North east Victoria was a major dairy producing region in the late nineteenth century. The Wodonga Butter Factory Ltd was established in 1892. Many families living in the town or on farms also owned their own cow for family needs and produced their milk and butter. This churn is representative of the equipment they used to process their own dairy products at home. This churn was made by E. Cherry & Sons which was established in Gisborne, Victoria in 1858. Edward Cherry (1830-1910) arrived in Australia from Hertfordshire, England, in 1855. The business manufactured churns and in 1875 opened a larger factory. On his death, the business was taken over by his son and continued to operate until the 1970s.This item has strong links to the history of Wodonga and north east Victoria. It has interpretative potential in the areas of local agricultural history, and the social history of food and farming.A wooden butter churn with metal turning handle and removable lid. The wooden paddle inside is attached to the turning handle which rotates to churn the butter. The model number is T1. It was probably made by E Cherry & Sons of Gisborne although the brand is blurred.On one side in black: "T 1"butter churns, dairying industry, domestic appliances, e. cherry churns

Belleek was established following the Irish famine of the mid nineteenth century that brought so many Australian families, including the Taffe and Berkery families to immigrate to the Australian colonies. This Belleek porcelain tea set and tray in the Thorn pattern based on the hawthorn bush sprig in flower carries the impressed registration mark for 1878. Belleek was well represented at the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880-81 at Melbourne's Exhibition building and many examples were bought by key Ballarat Irish families including those connected to this family such as the Brophy, O'Malley and Fitzgerald families, Julia Taffe's (nee Berkery) aunts uncles and cousins. Many such examples remain in Ballarat collections although this is not one.Impressed factory mark and registration mark on base of each piece.belleek, porcelain, ballarat, ireland, exhibition building, melbourne, exhibition, thorn pattern, irish famine, tea set, tray, brophy, fitzgerald, o'malley, julia taffe, berkery, australian colonies,

The practice of branding livestock for ownership identification has been used since at least the times of the ancient Egyptians. It was especially valuable when cattle or other domesticated animals were merged with other herds on common grazing land, or if they had strayed or been stolen, as it allowed them to be identified at a glance. The branding iron is heated in a fire, hot coals or by other means and pressed into the hide of the animal creating the brand mark. The word brand originates from the Germanic languages and means anything hot or burning. This brand belonged to Samuel Amess - who owned Churchill Island in the late nineteenth century - and was used on the farm to mark the cattle he owned.Branding iron with initials SA for Samuel Amess. Surface rust, pitted metal. churchill island, samuel amess, branding iron, cattle

According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Burman's were operating from 209 Bourke St. East and St George's Hall (73 Bourke St. East) from 1879-1885 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1879-1885, 1880, burman's photographer 209 bourke st east and st georges hall melbourne, unknown, female shillinglaw 9

Samuel Shillinglaw was born at Merri Creek, Victoria, September 27, 1848. He married Agnes McIntosh at Windsor, January 9, 1878 and died at Prahran, September 13, 1925. CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1880-1889, 1885, samuel shillinglaw (1848-1925), stewart & co photographers 217 & 219 bourke st east melbourne

Married Charles Aldous 9 Jun 1880. In this picture Sarah does not appear with a wedding ring. Photographer James Sharp operated from 5 Collins Street West from 1872-1876 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991marg ball collection, 1872-1876, 1875, j. sharp photographer 5 collins st west melbourne, sarah aldous (nee shillinglaw 1854-1925), shillinglaw family photo album 2

"The Uniting Church and former church hall are historically significant at a Local level (AHC A4). It was built after Melton’s ‘United’ church and school, erected by Protestant denominations in 1857 in an effort to share resources in the pioneering era, was replaced by individual churches in the 1860s. The church became the home of and is expressive of the union of the Methodist and Presbyterian churches, begun in Melton from the early 1970s, and formally concluded by the formation of the Uniting Church of Australia in 1977. The new additions and functions of the church are expressive of the increase in Melton’s population especially in the 1970s, and the changing nature of the parish’s ministry. The church is one of only three remaining nineteenth century churches, and one of only two remaining bluestone churches, in the Shire of Melton".Dinner celebrating 150 years of the churchchurches

Tartar Emetic was a powerful emetic used during the nineteenth and twentieth century, though, it had been known of since the middle ages, which was used to widely treat a variety of infections and aliments. However, this medicine was known to cause multiple serious side effects and would be discontinued from use by the mid to late twentieth century. Unknown chalk. Aperient Pills are a drug used to relieve constipation. Calomel was once used as a purgative to remove unwanted waste from one's body. Calomel is a mercurous chloride mineral and looks like a white powder. Unfortunately, when used in high does, which was common during its use in the eighteenth century, it caused many side effects due to it inducing mercury poisoning. Many of the side effects however, were perceived as the medicine working properly , which only perpetuated its use until it was eventually removed from medical practice in the nineteenth century, being determined that it was more harmful than remedial.The left one of two marching medium sized wood drawers. Each drawer features four sliding lids on their top face which has a corresponding paper label depending on its contents as well as a small crescent notch, these lids slide laterally in pairs for either direction. These drawers are found in the front storage location of the parent item and bellow a row of glass containers.Tartar Emetic ... Chalk Aperient Pills Calomel volum collection, tartar emetic, calomel, aperient pills, laxatives, vomiting, digestion

Photographer: American and Australian Photographic Company, 57 Bourke St East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, the American and Australian Photographic Company was active at 57 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1871-1876 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 19911875, american & australian photographic company 57 bourke st east melbourne, jean shillinglaw (nee blemner 1819-1906), marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1871-1876

Photographer: A.W. Burman, Artist Photographer, 209 Bourke Street East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Arthur W. Burman was active 209 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1878 to circa 1885-1890 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991a.w. burman photographer 209 bourke st east, marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1885, ann shillinglaw (1861-1940), elizabeth docherty (nee shillinglaw 1861-1942)

Photographer: A.W. Burman, Artist Photographer, 209 Bourke Street East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Arthur W. Burman was active 209 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1878 to circa 1885-1890 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991a.w. burman photographer 209 bourke st east, marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1885, ann shillinglaw (1861-1940), elizabeth docherty (nee shillinglaw 1861-1942)

Photographer: A.W. Burman, Artist Photographer, 209 Bourke Street East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Arthur W. Burman was active 209 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1878 to circa 1885-1890 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991a.w. burman photographer 209 bourke st east, marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1885, 1885, female shillinglaw 9, unknown

A.W. Burman, Artist Photographer, 209 Bourke Street East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Arthur W. Burman was active 209 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1878 to circa 1885-1890 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991a.w. burman photographer 209 bourke st east, marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1885, unknown, 1885, male shillinglaw 3

A.W. Burman, Artist Photographer, 209 Bourke Street East, Melbourne According to Sands & McDougall Melbourne Directory, Arthur W. Burman was active 209 Bourke St East, Melbourne from 1878 to circa 1885-1890 CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991a.w. burman photographer 209 bourke st east, marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1878-1885, unknown, 1885, male shillinglaw 3

In the early nineteenth century larger Australian wool producers sent all their wool by sailing ship to London, where colonial auctions were held in November, January, February and March. Wool bales were carried from the farm on drays or wagons pulled by bullocks, horses or camels to port warehouses. In these times, wool transport could take anything from a week to six months. Ships, such as the Lightning, were then loaded and raced each other to get to London ahead of their rivals. The wooden ship 'Lightning' was destroyed by fire while loading wool at Geelong 31 Oct. 1869. Scuttled in Corio Bay and the remains later blown up. Reputed to be one of the fastest sailing ships. Famous in the Australian passenger trade.Model of a clipper ship with hull painted brown and black. Red Ensign flag attached to flag pole.On label - Lightning Black Ball Line 1854-55geelong, transport, model ship, lightning, wool transport

This item is part of a larger collection donated to the Kew Historical Society by Anna French. The collection includes personal items from the donor's family, as well as items given to the donor and her mother by a family friend, Lucy Merritt (Jean) Hornby. The item is from that part of the collection inherited or assembled by Jean Hornby. The collection is significant given Jean Hornby's mother's descent from Robert Hornby (1854-1935) and Eva Merritt (1865-1959); her mother the chid of a family who settled in Kew in the 1850s, this providing a chain of provenance for items dating to the mid-nineteenth century, when her maternal forebears arrived in Melbourne. Other items represent Jean Hornby's contribution to her local and wider community.The items as created are representative and fine examples of late Victorian and or Edwardian needlework. While many such items were copies of published patterns, these may be original designs. Two mantle or pelmet decorations, with hand embroidered arum lilies on delustred satin backed onto canvas. One pelmet is slightly longer than the other, but each has the same number of bobbles on the trim. hornby family, families -- kew (vic.), jean hornby, soft furnishings, decorative arts, embroidery

This item is part of a larger collection donated to the Kew Historical Society by Anna French. The collection includes personal items from the donor's family, as well as items given to the donor and her mother by a family friend, Lucy Merritt (Jean) Hornby. The item is from that part of the collection inherited or assembled by Jean Hornby. The collection is significant given Jean Hornby's mother's descent from Robert Hornby (1854-1935) and Eva Merritt (1865-1959); her mother the chid of a family who settled in Kew in the 1850s, this providing a chain of provenance for items dating to the mid-nineteenth century, when her maternal forebears arrived in Melbourne. Other items represent Jean Hornby's contribution to her local and wider community.This 19th century photograph includes significant architectural details of an important hotel in Sunbury, Victoria. Additionally, it was taken by a local photographer - CHR Christianson - who operated the Sunbury [photographic] Studio. Silver albumen print, mounted on board, of the original Royal Hotel on the corner of Brook and Evans Streets, Sunbury, Victoria.The single-storey, rendered brick building with a corrugated galvanised iron roof includes a number of pieces of information that may assist in dating the photograph. The licensee's name above the door appears to be M.A. Williams. To the left of the door on the external wall is a painted sign: 'BILLIARDS". Another painted sign on the front of the building reads "ROYAL HOTEL [illegible] BILLIARDS." An attached building at right may be the residence of the licensee. Specific architectural features of the building include a corner doorway with a lamp above, three sash windows and a larger square lead-light window to the right of the doorway. The latter identifies the space behind as the "BAR". On the footpath in front of this building is a grill set into the footpath to enable deliveries to a cellar. At least four figures can be identified in the photograph: a woman in the doorway, a man to her right, leaning against the wall, and two other men at the right hand side of the building. Beyond the boundary of the building is a sloping footpath to a bluestone edged gutter. An elm [sic] within a protective, picketed surround is in front of the building. C.H.R. Christianson is identified on the reverse as the photographer. Reverse in pencil: Royal Hotel Billards Sunbury / CHR Christianson photographerroyal hotel -- sunbury (vic.), chr christianson -- photographer, hotels -- sunbury (vic.), recreation -- billiards

This item is part of a larger collection donated to the Kew Historical Society by Anna French. The collection includes personal items from the donor's family, as well as items given to the donor and her mother by a family friend, Lucy Merritt (Jean) Hornby. The item is from that part of the collection inherited or assembled by Jean Hornby. The collection is significant given Jean Hornby's mother's descent from Robert Hornby (1854-1935) and Eva Merritt (1865-1959); her mother the chid of a family who settled in Kew in the 1850s, thus providing a chain of provenance for items dating to the mid-nineteenth century, when her maternal forebears arrived in Melbourne. Other items represent Jean Hornby's contribution to her local and wider community.Sepia photograph, labelled 'BRYANTS CREEK' at lower left. The creek is bordered by a white post and rail fence on one bank. On the other side of the creek are two men. The creek is bordered with remnant vegetation [ie Eucalypts]. Coleraine, in Western Victoria, was initially settled by Europeans in the 1840s. The developing township was aligned with Bryant's Creek with a north-south orientation. Reverse - Inscribed in ink: "Taken by H Bower with Student camera" / Printed: "C.G. Greenham Photographer, Hawthorn / The Herodotus Studio"bryants creek -- coleraine (vic.)

North east Victoria was a major dairy producing region in the late nineteenth century. The first iteration of the Wodonga Butter Factory Ltd was established in 1892. Dairy was sent from farmers across the district for processing at the factory in Wodonga in the 1890s. Victorian creameries regularly exported frozen butter to London, stock was transported by rail for sale in Melbourne, and of course sold and consumed locally. E.W. Manns, of the prominent local Wodonga family, was a shareholder and was closely involved in the establishment of the Wodonga Butter Company. Many families living on farms also owned their own cow, and had equipment to process their own dairy products at home. Milk cans such as this one were used to store and transport milk from farms to dairies and butter factories for processing.This item represents the history of local industry in Wodonga and north east Victoria. A large metal milk can with handlesmilk, butter, cream, dairy, milk can, farming, farm, cow, rural, agriculture, wodonga

This photograph shows a group of men standing outside the Ford Street office of the Ovens and Murray Advertiser in Beechworth. This group includes the Advertiser''s manager, Richard Warren, who is bearded man standing in the doorway and who's name is written on the reverse of the photograph. The Advertiser was a local paper, first printed as a weekly in 1855, and then as a daily in 1857. It continues to be printed today, albeit in a different form. The Advertiser was launched by architect Francis Hodgson Nixon with assistance from businessman John Henry Gray, and newspaperman Richard Warren. Warren was sole owner from 1860 until his death in 1906, and it responsible for much of the paper’s success. Its goals included coverage of local events, as well as of global news, and the promotion of economic liberty, arts, and sciences. Beyond these initial goals, the Advertiser was instrumental in local politics, particularly Beechworth’s association with conservatism and constitutionalism in the 1860s and 1870s. Numerous other papers sprung up to contest the Advertiser’s hold during the latter half of the nineteenth-century, but none were able to completely oust it from its post. As well as representing a key chapter in Beechworth’s history, the Advertiser can be used as a key source for the stories and figures of historic Beechworth. As well as managing the Advertiser, Richard Warren's owned or managed multiple businesses in Beechworth, founded the Ovens hospital and Benevolent asylum, invested in local companies, and participated in a range of religious brotherhoods and societies. He married Mary Ann Mitchell when he was twenty-six, and, while the couple were unable to have children, they adopted one son, who began managing the Advertiser in the late-nineteenth century. This photograph has historic significance afor its relationship to the history of the Ovens and Murray Advertiser, which is a key example of of successful nineteenth-century business in Beechworth, and for including an image of Richard Warren, a key figure in the period. Sepia rectangular photograph, faded, printed on photographic material and mounted on board. Obverse: The Ovens and Murray Advertiser Reverse: Or M A/ Printing Office/ Ford Street About 1860/ Beechworth/ R Warren [logo: R & M Harvey/Authorised Newsagents/ and Gift Shop/ Beechworth Phone 114]ovens and murray advertiser, the ovens and murray advertiser, newspaper, printing, ford street, richard warren, journalism, advertising, 1800s, 1800s beechworth, #beechworth, local business, advertiser, workmen, hats, printers, journalists, warren, mary ann mitchell, mary ann warren, 1860s, 1860s beechworth, r warren, r & m harvey

This photograph shows a group of workmen outside the Loch Street Printing Office of the Ovens and Murray Advertiser in Beechworth. The Advertiser was a local paper, first printed as a weekly in 1855, and then as a daily in 1857. It continues to be printed today, albeit in a different form. Initially based on Ford Street, the Loch Street office opened in 1893, after printing facilities were updated. The Advertiser was launched by architect Francis Hodgson Nixon with assistance from businessman John Henry Gray, and newspaperman Richard Warren. Warren was sole owner from 1860 until his death in 1906, and it responsible for much of the paper’s success. He appears in this photo alongside twenty of his staff and is the man standing directly in front of the doorway. When it launched, the paper’s goals included coverage of local events, as well as of global news, and the promotion of economic liberty, arts, and sciences. Beyond these initial goals, the Advertiser was instrumental in local politics, particularly Beechworth’s association with conversates and constitutionalism in the 1860s and 1870s. Numerous other papers sprung up to contest the Advertiser’s hold during the latter half of the nineteenth-century, but none were able to completely oust it from its post. As well as representing a key chapter in Beechworth’s history, the Advertiser can be used as a key source for the stories and figures of historic Beechworth. As well as managing the Advertiser, Richard Warren's owned or managed multiple businesses in Beechworth, founded the Ovens hospital and Benevolent asylum, invested in local companies, and participated in a range of religious brotherhoods and societies. He married Mary Ann Mitchell when he was twenty-six, and, while the couple were unable to have children, they adopted one son, who began managing the Advertiser in the late-nineteenth century. This photograph has historic significance afor its relationship to the history of the Ovens and Murray Advertiser, which is a key example of of successful nineteenth-century business in Beechworth, and for including an image of Richard Warren, a key figure in the period.Rectangular black and white photo printed on photographic material, unmounted. Obverse: Ovens and Murray/ Printing Office Reverse: Ovens and Murray Advertiser Staff 7721/ Beechworth/ BMM 79.15ovens and murray advertiser, the ovens and murray advertiser, newspaper, printing, richard warren, journalism, advertising, 1800s, 1800s beechworth, #beechworth, local business, advertiser, workmen, hats, printers, journalists, warren, mary ann mitchell, mary ann warren, r warren, loch street, 1890s, 1890s beechworth

The Flora and Fauna Names Project is an initiative of the Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages and the Victorian Biodiversity Strategy. The researcher has examined material from the archives of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE), the State Library of Victoria, the Victorian Public Records Office and the Australian Archives Office. This first stage of the project focussed on the NRE archives, in particular the field notebooks of the earliest surveyors and their maps although other NRE resources, libraries and public records were accessed. A total of 3028 words were found of which a significant proportion have previously been unknown to linguists. It appears that the place names and word lists in early surveyors notebooks, the 1858 surveyors responses to the Surveyor General and an extensive Wiradjuri wordlist by James Baylis have not yet been widely used or published. Fifteen percent of these 3028 words describe flora and fauna and six percent describe habitat. Of particular interest is the evidence provided by these lists of the existence of fauna in the mid nineteenth century in regions where it is now extinct. For example, magpie geese, eastern quolls, bustards and pademelons were assigned names in the Jardwadjali language area of the upper Glenelg and Wimmera Rivers. The outcomes of this project may help to assist in ascertaining the distribution of flora and fauna assets in Victoria.maps, b&w photographs, colour photographs, illustrations, word listswiradjuri, jardwadjali, glenelg river, wimmera river

This photograph depicts six men and two horses with carts in the process of constructing a road. The men each stand in a relatively relaxed position, posing for the camera. However, the amount of upturned soil surrounding them suggests the hard work they have endured, armed only with pitchforks and shovels. The creation of new roads in the Beechworth area had become a priority for the Beechworth council in the second half of the nineteenth century. This included connecting roads which radiated out of Beechworth to surrounding towns. This led to the expansion of the local government authority over the surrounding countryside, greatly strengthening Beechworth's central position. The use of horse and cart to take away the removed soil, as well as the style of the men's attire, suggests that this photograph dates back to the late 1800s. It can also be assumed that this photograph was taken somewhere in the surrounding hills of Beechworth. This photograph is historically significant as it provides insight into the rapid expansion of roads in and around Beechworth during the second half of the nineteenth century. Sepia rectangular photograph on matte photographic paper mounted on card Reverse: BMM 2982 / road construction, beechworth roads, 1800s, 1800s beechworth, beechworth hills, horse and cart, beechworth road making, beechworth council roads, road expansion, beechworth surrounding hills

In the early 1950's Lionel Nowlan had a Hairdresser & Billiard Room in Nicholson Street (where the Caltex Service Station stands today). A circulating library is a small library with books lent for a small fee to subscribers and was often inside an existing business. Circulating libraries were common before a more substantial local library was established. Circulating libraries offered an alternative to the large number of readers who could not afford the price of new books in the nineteenth century but also wanted new material. Circulating libraries rented out bestsellers in large numbers, allowing publishers and authors to increase their readership and increase their earnings. They were also profitable for those businesses that established them. Nowlan's, Marshall's and McCoys were circulating libraries which operated in Orbost in the first half of the 20th century.Circulating libraries offered an alternative to the large number of readers who could not afford the price of new books in the nineteenth century but also wanted new material. It was common for them to stock the latest novels.A red cloth covered hard back book with a repaired black spine. It is titled "The Cost of a Promise" and is a novel in Three Parts by Mrs Baille Reynolds.Stamped on some pages - McCoy's Circulating Library On inside front cover - No 249 Contains a sticker for Nowlan's Library Orbost Stamped - Marshall's Circulating Library McCoy's Circulating Librarythe-cost-of-a-promise reynolds-baillie libraries-orbost circulating-libraries