Creda had its origins in two companies: the Simplex Steel Conduit Company Ltd. (later Simplex Conduits Ltd.) formed in 1898, and the Credenda Company Ltd. which was the first to use Creda as a brand name. These companies were two of the founding companies of Tube Investments Ltd. From 1919, the Simplex name was used for installation equipment ranges, and Creda for heating, cooking and other domestic appliances. In 1932 Simplex Conduits Ltd. and the Credenda Company Ltd. merged to form the Simplex Electric Company Ltd., but the distinct Simplex and Creda brands continued in use. In 1987 the Simplex Electric Company was taken over by General Electric Company, and formed part of General Domestic Appliance Company Ltd. the following year. In 2015 the large corporation, Whirlpool, took over the Indesit Appliance Company, which owns the Creda brand name. Since then the Creda brand as such has become rare, and where it does appear it is as a re-badged version of Indesit and Hotpoint home appliances.This iron is typical of the electric irons used in the 1950s. It is representative of appliances used by women in their domestic roles.A "Creda" Electric Iron with plug-in cord. It has a metal steel base iron with a wooden handle and a thumb rest. The handle is bolted onto the iron with 2 large screws. The cord socket plugs in behind the handle of the iron. On attached metal plate: "CREDA/ Cat. No 6; Volts 240; AMPS 8"domestic appliances, creda irons

Sad irons, also called flat irons or smoothing irons, are shaped pieces of metal that are flat and polished on one side and have a handle attached to the other, created for the purpose of ironing fabric. “Sad” is an Old English word for “solid,” and the term “sad iron” is often used to distinguish the largest and heaviest of flat irons. They often had a trivet on which to rest the hot iron. These irons are representative of domestic appliances used prior to the advent of electricity in the home.A pair of triangular flat irons. They are made of solid cast iron with hollow iron handles. Flat irons were commonly heated on trivets in front of open fires, or on the tops of closed ranges. They were made in numbered series which related to their size, but there did not appear to be any standardisation in the series between manufacturers.domestic appliances, flat irons, sad irons

Mrs Potts Sad Iron Set . This double point design with detachable handle was patented in the United States of America by Mary Potts in 1871. It was sold in sets of three bodies with one handle and a stand or trivet. The detachable insulated handle was designed to always remain cool for ironing. The handle was detachable, so that several irons could be on the stove at one time and the handle swapped between several bodies. This item is an example of an invention that was universally adopted to make the task of ironing safer and more efficient.A set of double pointed flat irons which detachable handle. This set includes a trivet to rest the unused iron on. All components are made from cast irondomestic appliances, flat irons, sad irons, mrs potts irons

This belt buckle accessory is part of collection donated by Mrs. Jean RaperThis item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A rectangular gold metallic belt buckle with an embossed leaf design. It also features entwined loops.fashion accessory, metallic jewellery

This hair accessory is part of collection donated by Mrs. Jean Raper. It belonged to her great grandmother Mrs. Eliza Reardon.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A pronged hair ornament used to decorate a woman's bun and hold it securely in place.hair decorations, personal accessories

This pen and ink set is part of a collection donated by Mrs. Jean Raper. It was used by the teacher at Upper Gundowring Primary school, Victoria. The school, number 2733, opened on 13 July 1886. Due to changing demographics in the region, in 1953 the school was merged with schools from Dederang North, Kergunyah, Gundowring, Kiewa, Red Bluff, Charleroi and Gundowing North on a 10 acre site with 11 rooms at Kiewa to become Kiewa Valley Consolidated School.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A china pen and ink set painted with a floral design.pen and ink, personal items, teacher supplies, upper gundowring primary school

A hat pin is a decorative pin for holding a hat to the head. During the 1880s, bonnets gave way to hats, and the popularity of hatpins soared. They remained a standard women's accessory through the 1910s and were produced in a vast range of materials and types. They were typically around 20 cm in length, with the pinhead being the most decorated part. In some countries they were viewed as a potentially dangerous weapon which could be used by women in self-defence, so regulations were introduced to limit the length allowed. These hat pins were used c1900.This item is from the Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A pair of simple hat pins with faux silver ball shaped head.jewellery, hat pins, fashion accessory

This milk jug and cup are part of collection donated by Mrs. Jean Raper. They belonged to her grandmother, Mrs. Alice Dinsmore.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A navy blue and white china milk jug and cup. Both have a floral design and the cup has a blue line around the rim.domestic items, chinaware

This vase is part of collection donated by Mrs. Jean Raper. It belonged to her grandmother, Mrs. Alice Dinsmore.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A small ruby glass vase. Although this vase has no markings, decorative items made from ruby glass were popular during the Victorian era and the early 20th century.vase, glassware, decorative items

The First Australian Exhibition of Women's Work was held at the Exhibition Building, Melbourne, from 23 October to 30 November 1907. It was opened by Lady Northcote (the wife of Australia’s Governor General) and Pattie Deakin (wife of the Prime Minister), who also ran a model creche during the exhibition. The five week exhibition showcased the work of women musicians, artists and craftswomen with over 16,000 exhibits in all fields of artistic endeavour. It was attended by approximately 250,000 people. Exhibits were divided into Classes, including Fine Arts; Applied Arts; Photography; Plain Needlework; Cookery, Preserves and Laundry Work; Horticulture; and Medical and Nursing. This item was owned by Mrs. Mary Burrowes, aunt of Mrs. Jean Raper.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A small ruby glass and crystal jug which was produced as a souvenir of the Australian Exhibition of Women's Work held at the Exhibition Building in Melbourne in 1907. It has been inscribed in gold coloured paint. "Mary Women's Exhibition 1907"vase, glassware, decorative items

The First Australian Exhibition of Women's Work was held at the Exhibition Building, Melbourne, from 23 October to 30 November 1907. It was opened by Lady Northcote (the wife of Australia’s Governor General) and Pattie Deakin (wife of the Prime Minister), who also ran a model creche during the exhibition. The five week exhibition showcased the work of women musicians, artists and craftswomen with over 16,000 exhibits in all fields of artistic endeavour. It was attended by approximately 250,000 people. Exhibits were divided into Classes, including Fine Arts; Applied Arts; Photography; Plain Needlework; Cookery, Preserves and Laundry Work; Horticulture; and Medical and Nursing. This item was owned by Mrs. Alice Yardy nee Dinsmore, grandmother of Mrs. Jean Raper.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A small green glass vase with gilt edge which was produced as a souvenir of the Australian Exhibition of Women's Work held at the Exhibition Building in Melbourne in 1907. It has been inscribed in gold lettering. "Alice Women's Exhibition 1907"vase, glassware, decorative items

Pen-wipers or pen-cleaners were invented to prolong the usefulness of their pens by keeping them clean and dry between uses. This helped to prevent rusting of the nib from water-based inks. In the 1890s and 1900s, with the rise of the fountain pen, pen-cleaners remained a popular desktop accessory, since they could still be used to wipe away the excess ink from the nib and feed of a pen, once it had been refilled in an inkwell. Pen-cleaners died out in the second half of the 1900s when people started using ballpoint pens.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A blue/mauve glass bowl on 6 petal shaped metal feet. It contains a central black brush which was used to clean the ink from metal pen nibs.domestic items, writing implements, pen and ink

The mark on these items indicate that they are Gouda pottery. Gouda is a style of Dutch pottery named after the city of Gouda, where it was historically manufactured. Gouda pottery gained worldwide prominence in the early 20th century and remains highly desirable to collectors today. Gouda pottery is diverse and visually distinctive in appearance, typically illustrated with colourful and highly decorated Art Nouveau or Art Deco designs. Pieces were mass produced but painted by hand by many individual artists. The dating mark system used and the small house represent the pottery of Plateelbakkerij Zuid Holland (PZH). This is a simplification of the "Lazarus-poort" (the Lazarus Gate). It stands for a building in the town of Gouda that dates back to 1609 where they assisted people who suffered from leprosy. The PZH produced pottery from as early as 1898 until 1965.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. Hand painted pottery cup and bowl in art deco designs. These items are examples of Gouda pottery.Underneath cup : "LQ4/HENLY/A.R.J.T/HOLLAND" with 2 Vertical diamonds representing 1923 and house which is stylised image of the Gate of Lazurus. Underneath Bowl: "401/PEGGY/2 Vertical Diamonds 3 W v V/HOLLAND"domestic items, gouda pottery, ceramics

Pen-wipers or pen-cleaners were invented to prolong the usefulness of their pens by keeping them clean and dry between uses. This helped to prevent rusting of the nib from water-based inks. In the 1890s and 1900s, with the rise of the fountain pen, pen-cleaners remained a popular desktop accessory, since they could still be used to wipe away the excess ink from the nib and feed of a pen, once it had been refilled in an inkwell. Pen-cleaners died out in the second half of the 1900s when people started using ballpoint pens. This wiper was used by the teacher at Upper Gundowring Primary school, Victoria. The school, number 2733, opened on 13 July 1886. Due to changing demographics in the region, in 1953 the school was merged with schools from Dederang North, Kergunyah, Gundowring, Kiewa, Red Bluff, Charleroi and Gundowing North on a 10 acre site with 11 rooms at Kiewa to become Kiewa Valley Consolidated School.This item is was donated by Mrs. Betty Barberis, a well-known artist in the Wodonga district.ThIs ceramic pen wiper/ cleaner was produced to clean and maintain the nib on an ink pen. It has a blue line pattern at the base, middle and inside the rim.domestic items, writing implements, pen and ink

This glass design bears a leaf design etched into the surface. It is believe to have been produced in Melbourne, possibly at the Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co Pty Ltd. It belonged to Mrs. Eliza Reardon, great grandmother of Mrs. Jean Raper.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A glass mug with and etched leaf design, thought to have been made in Melbourne, Victoria.glassware, decorative items, glass mug

Kerosene lamps were used as a main source of lighting throughout Australia prior to the supply of domestic electrical services. This was obviously later in many rural areas. This lamp was used in the home of Mrs. Gina Elizabeth Harris of Bethanga in Northeast Victoria where electricity was connected on 23 March 1959.This lamp is representative of the lamps used throughout Australia prior to the introduction of domestic electricity supplies. This vintage kerosene lamp is model No. 21 which was manufactured by Aladdin Industries in Greenford, Middlesex, England in the 1950s. Base stems were mostly made from wood, turned into several different patterns. More expensive table lamp stems were of metal. Bases were mostly steel filled with sand as a weight. When Bakelite became available it was used extensively in three different colours, although collectors say that white bases were used primarily in hospitals and churches and are more rare. On wick knob: "21/Aladdin Industries Ltd/GREENFORD" Inscribed around burner: "GB Patent No 9. 69-4273-4"kerosene lamp, bakelite, domestic appliances

This item belonged to Mrs. Eliza Reardon, great grandmother of Mrs. Jean Raper.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A rectangular black lacquered jewellery box. The lid in decorated with an image of 3 Chinese women, a man and a child in traditional clothing. They are looking at an open box on the floor which has mice coming out of it.decorative items, jewellery, lacquerware

This gilt bronze medal was issued to school children to commemorate the opening of the first Australian Federal Parliament which opened in Melbourne on 9 May, 1901. This item was used to commemorate an important Australian historical event.A gilt bronze medal in a shield shape with a crown at the top. On on the obverse side are images of Queen Victoria and Edward VII and an inscription. On the reverse side are images of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York and an inscription.Obverse side at top: "AUST. COMMONWEALTH/EST. 1 JAN. 1901/63D of VICTORIA, R.I". Below the images "FIRST PARLIAMENT OPENED/MAY 1902/1ST of EDWARD VII. Along the bottom rim: WA TAS NSW VIC SA QLD. Reverse side at the top:" OPENING OF THE FIRST /FEDERAL PARLIAMENT". Below the images: "T.R.H/ THE DUKE & DUCHESS OF CORNWALL/AND , MAY 1904"medallion, australian federal parliament opening, federal parliament melbourne

This item belonged to Mrs. Alice Dinsmore, grandmother of Mrs. Jean Raper.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. An ornate silver scabbard shaped spectacles case and lady's gold rimmed spectacles. The case is decorated with a leaf design and has the initials "FM" inscribed on it. There is a velvet lining and also has a chain and clasp attached. This allowed the case to be attached to a belt. On front "FM"decorative items, jewellery, spectacles

The fireplace was the main heating source for small houses before 1900, so a bellows to coax a flame from a dying fire was important. They would also be used to keep the fire going in a woodfire oven for cooking. In later cooking ranges, domestic water supply was also heated through the cooking range so bellows helped to maintaing a supply of hot water. These bellows were handcrafted by Mr James Ripper, a great uncle of Mrs. Jean Raper. An item of signifance throughout Australia, bellows were used in homes to coax a domestic fire into flame for heating and cooking purposes. It was probably used in late 19th to early 20th century homes.A set of hand carved wooden bellows. Each side of the bellows was crafted from one piece of timber. The bellows were joined with leather, brass studs and a metal nozzle.bellows, handcragted items, domestic items

These small Chinese-influenced ornaments were popular in Australia in the early 1900s.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. 2 small metal containers with with embossed designs. The rectangular container has a leaf design whilst the rectangular container has dragon-like creatures on each side.decorative items, jewellery, lacquerware

Smiths patented moving coil clocks incorporating transistors, but did not put any models on the market until 1962 when they announced the Sectronic, which had a moving coil movement. This movement had three hairsprings which served to carry current to the coils. These were one of the first battery operated clocks created. This clock is representative of 1960s timepieces. These were the first battery clocks.A small round clock with Roman numerals and gold circular design around the centre. The clock was produced by Smiths Industries Ltd. in England. It is battery powered and features the Smith Sectronic battery which was first introduced in 1962. In centre of clock face "SMITHS/SECTRONIC BATTERY/MADE IN GREAT BRITAIN" clocks, smith sectronic

Lorgnette were a pair of spectacles with a handle, used to hold them in place, rather than fitting over the ears or nose. The name derives from the French lorgner, meaning to take a sidelong look. The lens were often just magnifiers although they later evolved to include prescription lenses. They became widely used in the 19th century and were popular in the Victorian Era.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A lorgnette or pair of hand-held brass-rimmed spectacles.lorgnette, women's spectacles

The first transistor radio (the Regency TR-1) was produced by Regency Electronics in cooperation with Texas Instruments in 1954. Transistor 4 , the AWA transistor radio was manufactured by Amalgamated Wireless Australasia Limited (AWA), Australia's largest and most prominent twentieth century producer of radios, televisions, audio and telecommunications equipment. Transistor radios went on to become the most popular electronic communication device of the 1960s and 1970s. Billions of transistor radios are estimated to have been sold worldwide between the 1950s and 2012. They were exceptionally popular amongst young people in Australia due to their portability, allowing them to be taken wherever you wanted to gather with friends or, due to the headphone attachment, without disturbing those around you. These pocket radios are representative of technological developments which had a vast influence on social life and activities throughout Australia.4 pocket transistor radios of various brands. No. 1 orange Sanyo RP 1280 manufactured in 1979/1980. No2. is white bakelite No. 2 K--181 pocket transistor made by the Kmart Corporation c1975 and No. 3 is a Nation Brand AM Portable Receiver made in Hong Kong c1980. No. 4 Is an AWA Radiola B121 Solid State pocket transistor. All of them include a socket to plug in an ear piece.No. 1 on the front "SANYO RP 1280 and tuning dial. On the back: "SANYO MODEL RP 1280/ DC 3 V 2 x "AA" BATTERY/ SANYO ELECTRIC CO. LTD." No. 2 on the front "K-181" and tuning dial. On the back "Code 600-857/ AM POCKET RADIO/DC-3VC (UM-3x2)/ART 181. HONG KONG" No. 3 AM Portable Receiver Nation Brand on front No 4. on the front: below dial - AWA Radiola B121 ad at bottom "SOLID STATE" On the back: AWA Thorn Consumer Products Pty. Ltd./Model No. B121/Batteries 2 x UM-3 OR AA Cells/AM 520 -1620KHz/ Serial No. 75686/ Made in Hong Kong"radio communications, transistor radio

This image is one from a series of portraits taken by Rob Elliott to record the character of the Border District through the faces if its identities. This photo shows Charles Henry “Mick” Morris in the Morris cellar at Mia Mia near Rutherglen, Victoria. Charles Henry “Mick” Morris was born in Rutherglen, Victoria on 1st July 1928, son of Charles Tempest George Morris and Daisy Chambers. The Morris winery was started by Mick’s great grandfather, George Francis Morris who arrived in Australia in 1852. He immediately set off for the goldfields but found more profit from selling supplies to the goldfields. He purchased land in Rutherglen in 1859. By 1894 he had the biggest cellars in Australia. Mick Morris is a 4th generation wine maker. He was educated at Gooramadda Primary School, then at Rutherglen Higher Elementary School before attending Scotch College in Melbourne. He became the first member of his family to gain a university education, gaining a Bachelor of Science Degree at the University of Melbourne in 1950 before completing an Oenology Course at Roseworthy Agricultural College in South Australia. Mick returned to Mia Mia in 1952 where his first role was working in the vineyard. By the end of 1953 he had become the “semi-official” winemaker at Mia Mia. From that time his career as a widely recognised winemaker went from strength to strength, winning many prestigious awards. Mick is recognised as a pioneer of the Durif grape variety. In 1993 Mick’s son, David became a 5th generation winemaker. Morris is famous for producing some of the world’s finest fortified wines. Away from the wine industry Mick has a strong interest in sport, particularly football. Since 1933, the Morris Medal for the Best and Fairest Player in the Ovens and Murray League has been awarded annually. This award was instigated by Charles Hughes Morris, Mick’s grandfather. Mick also played in the league. Morris Wines of Rutherglen were purchased by Casella Family Brands in 2016. This image depicts a renowned winemaker of Rutherglen who has made an outstanding contribution to the development of the Australian wine industry. He was also involved in his community and his family is recognised in the annual award of the Best and Fairest medal for the Ovens and Murray Football League.A black and white photograph of Charles Henry "Mick" Morris in the cellar at Mia Mia near Rutherglen, Victoria. The photo is in a metal frame.On barrel in foreground: "FILTERED/ 4 OCT '93/ MIA FINO / 4 Hhds"morris wines, northeast victorian wineries, mick morris, winemakers of rutherglen

This image is one from a series of portraits taken by Rob Elliott to record the character of the Border District through the faces if its identities. Ronald Joseph Hoban was born in 1930. In 1951, Mr Hoban, or "Hobie" as he became known, opened his hairdresser and tobacconist business in Corryong. This was at the height of the construction of the Snowy Mountains Scheme and business was thriving. As the tobacco industry slowed down, Mr. Hoban branched out to selling sporting equipment with a focus on fishing tackle and even selling guns and ammunition when it was legal to do so. He was an active and much-loved member of the Corryong community until his death in November 2014. This portrait is significant as it depicts a person who made a significant contribution to community of Corryong and district. The business he established still operates as Hobie’s Sports Store.A black and white photo of a man standing behind a barber's chair, scissors in hand. He has glasses pushed up on his forehead. Tobacco products are stored on the shelves in the background.ron hoban, corryong barber, people of the border

Graham Wells Middleton was born in Corryong in Northeast Victoria in 1935. He was the first person to swim the length of the Murray River. He began on November 30th 1991 at Bringenbong, near Corryong. After completing a distance of 2366 kilometres over 138 consecutive days, Graham finished his marathon swim in Lake Alexandrina, South Australia on April 14th 1992. This feat was recognised in The Guiness Book of Records and was sponsored by the Rotary Club of Corryong. His motivation was to raise money to help children with cancer. In the process he raised $100,000 for cancer research which made Graham Middleton the first individual in Australia to raise $100,000 for the cause. In the weeks and months after his swim ended, donations continued to be made, with the final total exceeding $200,000. The proceeds raised by the swim were donated to " Kids 'n' Cancer" and the Australian Rotary Health Research Fund. Graham Middleton died on October 27, 1995This photo is significant as Graham Middleton was a resident of Northeast Victoria who made an outstanding contribution to the community and to supporting medical research as a result as the Murray River swim depicted in this image.A black and white photo of Graham Middleton, a marathon swimmer who swam the Murray River. The photo has been mounted in a metal frame.graham middleton, murray river, murray river swim

Bethanga was established as a result of the discovery of gold. Gold was first reported in the Bethanga area in 1852. Before 1876 gold mining in the Bethanga district occurred to the north of the town and was known as the 'Talgarno diggings'. Reports of alluvial gold date back to 1852. Early gold fields were worked at Ruby Creek, Gold Creek and Jarvis Creek. The opening of the Bethanga goldfields began with the discovery of a gold-bearing quartz reef on New Year’s Day 1876. The 'Gift' mine site is located southeast of Kurrajong Gap lookout to the west of Bethanga township. The Great Eastern Copper Smelting Works was opened in 1878. Due to the nature of the gold-bearing quartz reef, the gold was difficult to extract, and the discovery of copper led to a change in focus. It was not until the early 1890s that an efficient technique for extracting the gold from the ore was discovered, and once again gold became the focus, with copper as a by-product. Bethanga was removed from the official list of goldfields in 1912, however some mining activity has taken place since.This image reflects an important time in the development of Bethanga and Northeast Victoria.A large mounted and framed image of horse teams and their owners hauling a large boiler to the gold mine near Bethanga, Victoria. On label beneath image: "North-eastern "Gold Days"/ Combined teams hauling a boiler to Bethanga Mines, 1900. Teamsters - Mr. G. Pearce, W. Chapple, G, Bannon." Donated by Ron Saunders and Barbara Cadman"bethanga, gold mining northeast victoria, gold mining bethanga, bethanga history

A publication of 186 pages featuring black and white photographs and an anthology of poetry.This book is an anthology of poetry written by over 80 migrants who settled in the North East of Victoria. It is a moving evocation of the migrant experience. Many of these migrants had been housed at the Bonegilla Migrant Reception and Training Centre near Wodonga which began receiving migrants in 1947, Bonegilla became the largest and longest operating reception centre in the post-war era. More than 300,000 migrants passed through its doors between 1947 and 1971. Most of these migrants came from non-English speaking European families escaping their war-torn homelands. Their world had been turned upside down. Many were confused, unsure of where they were going or what the future held for them. These poems reflect their experiences in adjusting to their new country and environment.immigrants' writings, immigrants in north east victoria, immigrants -- poetry, bonegilla migrant reception centre

A facsimile of The History of Albury 1824 - 1895 which was originally produced in 1912. This edition of 94 pages plus an index not included in the original publication. It also includes a map showing the track taken by early explorers and early photos.non-fictionThe original edition of "The History of Albury 1824 - 1895" was published in 1912. Dr. Andrews took information freely from local newspapers such as the "Albury Banner" and also some early pioneers and contacts. The Albury & District Historical Society produced this facsimile edition included an expanded index and 20 illustrations not in the original version. It was a limited edition of 1000 copies completed as a bicentennial project. This book is number 0538. Dr. Arthur Andrews practised medicine in Albury for 45 years from 1874 to 1919. For 43 years he served as the Government Medical Officer. As was common at that time, his surgery was established in his home. He was actively involved in community life and served on many public offices in the Albury. In his leisure time, Dr. Andrews was engaged in a wide range of historical interests and research of the history of the district. He moved to Sydney in 1919 and died in Cremorne in 1925.albury history, dr. arthur andrews