Peter Minko is a ceramic artist based in Bendigo, Victoria. His hand-thrown works using a fine porcelain body are usually a combination of burnished and bisque-fired ith hand-painted metallic oxides and sometimes fired a third time to apply gold or platinum to the design. He began potting in 1977 and has built a strong reputation as a porcelain artist, with work being commissioned by the Federal Government for official presentations and his designs being used by Australian Fine China for a range of dinnerware. Hand thrown, burnished, porcelain vase. Amphora shape with swirling design which flows around the body of the vase from base to top. Short necks with wide shoulder and rounded body with foot. Decoration is a combination of decals and hand painted elements. Heavily gilded. Interior glazed with tenmoku.Minko / (signature) / Bendigo / Australia / 2001

The photograph shows Victoria Parade Collingwood looking east just before Cambridge St, with two cable trams in the view. Shows the layout of Victoria Parade with the cable trams in the centre of the northern part of the road. In the view is the Baden Powell Hotel. Same hand writing on the rear as item 8279.Yields information about Victoria Parade c1923. Black and white photo with hand written notes on the rear. Printed on Kodak paper."Melbourne cable trams about 1923"tramcars, tramways, cable trams, victoria parade

These items were hand sewn by Annie Beryl Mathieson, the daughter of Alexander and Elizabeth Mathieson who lived at Naringal. The silk came from China, via family connections. Annie Beryl Mathieson married John Harman in 1939, lived at Macarthur and died there in 1983.These items are retained as mementos of the type of clothing made and worn by women in the early to mid 20th century.1 Cream silk lady's panties with hand embroidery on the lower legs. There is an opening on one side with two buttons .2 Cream silk sleeveless nightgown with hand embroidery at the neck and on the front. There are two ties attached to the sides of the front. vintage women's clothing, silk clothing

Postcard produced by the Valentine publishing company of Moorabool St Geelong looking south. Tram 17 is visible along with the part of another tram in the bottom left-hand corner. In the photo are Bright & Hitchcock, the T&G building, Gray & Murray, the Bank of NSW, Savoia Cafe, and Rockman's stores along with an advertisement for Berger paints. The rear of the card notes it is a genuine photograph.Yields information about the view of Moorabool St c1949Black and white Postcard undivided back, unused. On top right hand rear is "1949" in pencil.tramways, trams, geelong, moorabool st, tram 17

Item in the Education Section of The Courier Ballarat, Monday 19/5/1997 giving a background to the trams in Ballarat and asking a series of questions for students to consider. Information given was comments by local residents for and against, questions, suggested routes, use of horse trams, map and a photo of SEC No. 31 at the junction of Mt. Pleasant and Victoria St. routes. Has newspaper details stapled to the top right hand corner of item.An "X" in the top left hand corner.education, ballarat revival, horse trams, students

This ship's wheel was hand made from wood and metal using a recycled cart wheel. It originally belonged to the "Reginald M", a 2 masted, flat bottomed, coastal trading ketch with single chine. The REGINALD M The vessel “Reginald M” was a two-masted coastal ketch, owned and built by Mr. Jack (John) Murch of Birkenhead, Port of Adelaide, South Australia. Its construction took approximately 6 months and it was launched at Largs Bay in 1922. The Reginald M’s purpose was to serve the coastal trade of South Australia, to carry cargo cheaply and efficiently. It is believed that the keel was in fact hewn from two telegraph poles! Its builder frequented all the salvage yards for materials and fittings. Reginald M had a very shallow draft and a flat bottom that enabled it to come close to shore and to sit high and dry at low tide or to be beached on sand. The flat bottom was also to make the ship able to skim over reefs. Wagons could load and unload direct from her side. Her cargo included Guano, Barley, Wool, Horses, Cattle, Timber, Explosives, Potatoes, Shell Grit and Gypsum. On April 9th 1931Reginald M weathered a large storm in St Vincent Gulf, SA. The vessel suffered much damage; mast snapped and the crew laboured for four hours to free her by chopping off the past and rigging. The crew patched her up and slowly returned to Port Adelaide with only a portion of the insured cargo being damaged. Her crew members at the time were owner Mr John H Murch of Wells Street Largs Bay, Skipper Mr R Murch – John’s brother, Murray – son of Captain Murch and Seaman John Smith. Reg Webb purchased Carribie Station, at Marion in the Warooka District, south of Adelaide, in 1921. He cleared the land and farmed sheep and grain. In 1923 he shipped his own wool and grain from Marion Bay, having first carted 300 bags of the barley grain, 12 bags at a time, along the unmade track to the jetty. A photograph donated to Flagstaff Hill, dating about 1929 - 1942, shows two men on the Reginald M, holding between them their fishing catch of a large hammer shark. The photograph is stamped “GRENFELL STUDIO PORT LINCOLN PRINT” and titled “hammer shark caught on Reginald Emm”. The donor’s family lived on the Your Peninsular and despatched their grain from a chute at Gleeson’s Landing to the awaiting transport vessel. Reg knew the Murch Brothers from Port Adelaide. The brothers had been using their ketch REGINALD M to ship Guano from the Islands, led by Captain Richard Murch. Reg approached them in 1934 about shipping grain from Marion Bay. The brothers visited the bay and thought it was an ideal place. They showed Reg where to stack his grain and they measured up the cliffs. When Reg was ready, they brought down and installed a ninety foot wooden chute. The bags of grain were then individually sent down the chute, landing in a waiting small boat then rowed to REGINALD M, 14 bags at a time. After 10 hours REGINALD M would be fully loaded with 1300 bags of grain and shipped to waiting ports. At one time a wild storm destroyed the chute but it was rebuilt and strengthened. REGINALD M was involved in shipping the grain from there until 1938. In 1940 Able Seaman Allan H Lucas served on Reginald M between September and December, being engaged and discharged from Port of Adelaide. His Certificate of Discharge was signed by ship’s Master W S Murch. It seems that at some stage Reginald M was used as a Customs vessel, as one photograph in Flagstaff Hill’s collection shows “H.M.C. No. 3, Pt Adelaide” on the bow. In 1969 the last freight left Marion Bay on the ketch REGINALD M carrying grain, wool and explosives. In late 1970 she was sold to the Mt. Lyell Mining and Railway Company and was used by them as a barge to carry explosives. In 1972 the Navy League of Strahan, Tasmania, purchased her for use by the Strahan Sea Cadet Unit to use at Macquarie Harbour and renamed her T.S. Macquarie. However this plan for use of Reginald M did not come to pass. In 1974 Mr. Andrew Rennie, of East Brighton, Melbourne, bought her for a similar purpose. , paying $5,000 and donating a ‘Cadet of the Year” trophy to the Sea Cadets. He sailed her from Strahan to Melbourne, planning to use her for pleasure sailing. Also in 1975 Reginald M was sold to Melbourne Ferry Company at auction. Later in 1975 the Reginald M was bought by Flagstaff Maritime Museum for $20,000 . She has been restored and is now one of the exhibits in the Village lagoon or lake. It was restored in 2006 using funds from a $4,000 government grant. This ship's wheel is significant because of its association with the REGINALD M. REGNIALD M was a coastal trading ketch from South Australia built in 1922. It is one of very few sailing coastal trading vessels still extant, and its flat bottom, single chine shape illustrates a very simple but robust method of construction, compared to other round bilged examples of trading vessels. She is now listed on the Australian Register of Historic Vessels (ARHV Number: HV000562.)Ship’s wheel, also called a Helm, eight spoke design. Centre of wheel is handmade of wood and has iron rings around each side. The spokes are fitted into this wooden hub. The outer wheel has an iron ring on one side and sections of a wooden ring on the other. There are both original and modern bolt and screw fastenings. The wheel has remnants of black paint. This ship’s wheel was originally fitted to the ketch REGINALD M and removed during its restoration. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, ship's wheel, hand made ship's wheel, coastal trader, reginald m, ketch, john murch, ch murch, reg webb, carribie station, mt lyell copper company, queenstown navy league, andrew rennie, melbourne ferry company, r.f. dale

Ten unique hand painted poles (wooden telegraph poles) reflect the surroundings of Lake Wendouree and tell First Nations' peoples stories. Tom Clark created the Koori Totem Poles prior to the establishment of the North Garden Indigenous Sculpture Park. The work is a set of 10 poles decorated and carved with ‘Koorie’ motifs and references and was commissioned originally for Ballarat’s Begonia Festival. These poles were shifted from the Ballarat Botanical Gardens main area in 2015 to their present site guarding the northern entrance to North Gardens.The artworks are of aesthetic and cultural significance to the people of BallaratTen hand painted wooden telegraph polestotem poles

The hanging was handwoven by Lilian Joyce Mann. Ms Mann owned a shop in Jacob Street which sold handmade soft toys and hand woven items. She was a gounding and life member of the Geelong Handweavers and Spinners Guild. She died on the 17th July 2007 in her 92nd year.A tightly woven brown wall handing with a geometric design of rectangles and squares and a bamboo rod at each end. There is a length of undyed wool on each rod to hand the piece, but on one end it had been cut and hangs loose.handicrafts, geelong handweavers and spinners guild inc., weaving, mann, ms lilian joyce, geelong, victoria

Peter Ball collection, refer Cat No 4704.1) Envelope, Will AAF - 131 light fawn colour rectangular shape all print in black, hand written in blue pen, 2 X initials, stamped in purple. .2) Will, form AAF - A130 off white colour folds 3 ways, all print in black, hand written in blue pen both sides, witnessed by 2 people, Will relates to the person in .1).1) Hand written, “3796117, Pte BALL Peter Charles RFT WING INF CENTRE 26 feb 1970”, stamped, “16 MAR 1970”. .2) Names hand written on, “Alan Ball, Jean Ball, Barry Chandler, Trevor Bowden”wills, envelopes, military

Colour printed postcard of five Birney trams north bound in Pall Mall, lead by No. 11. Postcard has title "Bendigo Vic" in the bottom left hand corner. Other trams in sequence are 15, 30, 302 (ex 29) and 28. Produced by Color Offset Marketing Pty Ltd, has placed for Stamp and Address box. Photo by Earl Ewers Dec. 1986.Has "47" in a circle in the top left hand corner and a "William F Scott" label in the bottom left hand corner.trams, tramways, bendigo, birney, pall mall, tram 19

Soft covered book with yellow trumpet and red treble clef on green and white block background on front cover, with black titles, 126 pages. Back cover white and blank except for red printing on right hand side bottom corner"F.W." on title page in black ink at top right hand corner.wright, brass instrument, music, besson & company, boult, ball, brain, calvert, clayton, cundell, cuthbert, draper, eskdale, faulds, hargreaves, hespe, hind, mcbain, manton-myatt, morris, mortimer, phillips, porter, rankl, rhodes, rimmer, smith, timms

This work was purchased from an exhibition of University of Ballarat staff members at the Post Office Gallery in 2009. This item is part of the Federation University Art Collection. The Art Collection features over 2000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007.Framed photograph depicting a girl holding an unseen persons hand. Signed lower right side 'Gail Trembath' Signed verso 'Gail Trembath 'Prato' 2008' Sticker lower right hand corner: Title: PRATO - 2008 Medium: pigment ink on Lana Jet 256 gms GAIL TREMBATH art, artwork, children, gail trembath, photography, available, prato, italy

Preprinted ticket from a monthly book of tickets, good for one journey during Feb. 1922 only - ticket number 048 on left hand side and 059 and 060 on right hand side. Good for Sections 1 to 4, between St Kilda and Park St. Sheet has been perforated vertically and horizontally. Would appear that these were pre-purchased, torn off horizontally by the passenger, handed to the conductor who would tear it in half (vertically) and return one half to the passenger. Both parts have been stamped "Cancelled VR". See item 7806 for an example of the complete book and reference.Demonstrates a Victorian Railways Rail and Tram monthly ticket for a specific section or trip on the St Kilda Brighton tramway. Ticket - printed on dark green paper with red strip on the right hand side for the Victorian Railways, St Kilda Brighton Electric Street Railway. trams, tramways, tickets, st kilda brighton, victorian railways, vr

Black & brown soft cover book. Front cover has sepia photo of a soldier holding a rifle in his left hand. 288 pages.Hand written in pen on page following title page: Author's details & address of NOK plus directions if diary is found. books, military, history, biography

This document relating to the Agreement between the Bendigo Council and the Bendigo Returned Sailors and Soldiers Association re the use of the Soldiers Memorial Institute Pall Mall Bendigo is a day to day working copy of Cat No 8222 dated 22.4.1920 pre the opening of the building in 1921. Some of the hand written notes in left hand column are; Rental, Maintenance, Trustees, Right to hold meetings, Conduct, Control of grounds and portico.Legal document heavy paper light brown colour, basically a copy of Cat No 8222 without the hand written signatures and red seals. They are held together via a green cord sewn through the papers. In the space column notes have been hand written in pencil to make easier to find a paragraph on subjects relating to the use of the Building.Main point, as per "Cat No 8222"brsl, smirsl, legal, indenture 1920

Child's cream silk dress with lace inserts and hand sewn flowers and press stud fasteners made from 'bits and pieces' in 1937 by the family of Mrs Valma Sharp . This child's cream silk dress was made in the austere time after the Depression 1930 - 34 and shows the practical ingenuity of a mother to make a pretty dress for her child from 'bits and pieces' of material c1937 a child's cream silk dress made from ' bits and pieces' ,hand sewn flowers, with lace, press studs clothing, baby, nylon, machine pressed designs, layette, knitting,craftwork, wool, early settlers, city of moorabbin, bentleigh, ormond, moorabbin, post war settlers, world war 11 1939-40 sharp valma,

Ballarat Horticultural Society, Double Diamond Jubilee, Courier newspaper, Saturday October 20, 1979, page 33The Horticultural Society was one of the oldest societies in Ballarat and some of the longstanding and eminent members played an important role in the establishment and development of the Ballarat Botanic Gardens and other public gardens especially in Ballarat. 1 sheet with large photograph in black and white, top half of page, 2 Certificates of Merit, bottom half of page with print left hand side and middle of the page. Folded page.Printing in black biro on the left hand side of the page concerning John Ross and Andrew Anderson.john garner collection, garner, dr, horticultural society, courier, ballarat botanical gardens, ballarat, gardens, jubilee, society, double diamond jubilee, gardening, roy mosman, henry shaw, john ross, t.b.toop, geo longley, blue gums, pollarding scheme, trees in victoria park, test gardens, roses, gladioli, public gardens

This photograph is part of the Caulfield Historical Album 1972. This album was created in approximately 1972 as part of a project by the Caulfield Historical Society to assist in identifying buildings worthy of preservation. The album is related to a Survey the Caulfield Historical Society developed in collaboration with the National Trust of Australia (Victoria) and Caulfield City Council to identify historic buildings within the City of Caulfield that warranted the protection of a National Trust Classification. Principal photographer thought to be Trevor Hart, member of Caulfield Historical Society. Most photographs were taken between 1966-1972 with a small number of photographs being older and from unknown sources. All photographs are black and white except where stated, with 386 photographs over 198 pages. Page 2 of Photograph Album including one black and white photograph of Woodbine, 18 Adelaide Street in bottom right hand corner. hand written "Adelaide Street [top right of page] / "Woodbine" 18 Woodbine St [above photograph] / 2 [bottom right]murrumbeena, woodbine, houses, trevor hart, polychrome brickwork, bi-chromatic brickwork, decorative brackets, cast iron pillars, verandah, porch, brick, adelaide street, victorian style, cast iron work

All the cards are various sizes with numbers of coupons/rations having been used. Items in a collection relating to Malcolm and Margaret Craig. Malcom James Craig initially enlisted in the CMF No N261604 then transferred to the 2nd AIF No NX170489 on 4.6.1942 age 18 years. Served in New Guinea. Discharged on 18.6.1946 with the rank of Driver in 52 Comp A/A Signals section..1) Clothing coupon green No 33425, 1948, issued by the Commonwealth Govt of Australia, hand written on. .2) Clothing ration red No A619909, 1948, issued by the Commonwealth Govt of Australia, hand written on. .3) Clothing ration red No A619908, 1948, issued by the Commonwealth Govt of Australia, hand written on. .4) Clothing ration light khaki No A752852, 1947, issued by the Commonwealth Govt of Australia, hand written on.Hand written on in pen. .1) "47/49792, Mrs M Craig 148 Banksia Rd Bankstown". .2) M.J. Craig 148 Banksia Rd B'town". .3) M.C. Craig 148 Banksia Rd B'town" .4) M.C.Turvey Masonic Hospital Ashfield".accessory, clothing, coupons, rations

HMS Hood was one of the most powerful ships in the Royal Navy during ww2. She was sunk by the German Battleship Bismark with a loss of all hands on board.The main threat of the Bismark was to allied convoys, so an all out bid was made to find and sink her. Unfortunately she was too powerfull for the HMS HoodBlack and White photograph of HMS Hood under way. Crew are lined up from bow to stern for leaving harbour. HMS Hood hand written in white ink just below forward guns controllerhood, hms, world war ii, royal navy

Hand-inked prayer text, as used by the Archbishop of Melbourne, at the opening of MTSV, 717 Flinders Street, 6th of September, 1917 Hand crafted piece, of significance because of the use of this prayer at the opening of the new MTSV building at 717 Flinders Street, Melbourne.Thick card with ornate/styled hand-inked text and decoration, of Archbishop's prayer. Thinner, slightly larger backing card glued to front card.

A popular hand-craft of the period.Brown, suede table runner with a hand-painted red, green and blue leaf and berry design. Two halvesof the runner are sewn together diagonally with brown leather strap and there is a 20 cm. fringe at both ends.table runners, table linen.

Printed document - 3 sheets - stapled and partly glued on left hand side, titled "Index to Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Act, 1928 - No. 3732".. Gives a detailed index to the various sections of the MMTB 1928 Consolidate Act. Has been well used.Has "H. S. McComb" in pencil in the top left hand ctrams, tramways, acts of parliament, mmtb, legal agreements

The photographic album was compiled by various members of the Duncan family in connection with their social activities and charitable work with the Mission to Seafarers Victoria. Image captions refer to a number of Melbourne families: "Barker", "MacEachern", "Johnston" and "Garven." The following ships are also named: "SS Sesther Dollar", "SS Peterton" and "SS Verbania." Some photographs were even taken on board these ships (crossing the line ceremony) meaning they were likely taken by a crew member or a passenger? This would help knowing who is the photographer and maker of this album. Places named include: "Gembrook", "Portsea" and "Port Melbourne Mission."This is a photograph of social and historic significance, being part of a sub-collection of material that provides a snapshot of the type of individuals involved in the Ladies Harbour Lights Guild and the activities carried out by that organisation. Tooling on the left hand side front cover. Cover and pages tied together with mustard coloured cord as binding.barker, maceachern, johnston, garven, ss sesther dollar, ss peterton, ss oerbania, gembrook, portsea, port melbourne mission, ladies harbour lights guild, social, duncan, lillie duncan, olive duncan, duncan album

Letter to the Editor of The Courier Ballarat of 23/12/1995, titled "People need to have say on trams", written by W. Hoath, Boyle St. Ballarat. Notes that people should have a say on whether trams are returned and that they will be uneconomical. Has the paper and date details taped to the bottom right hand corner area of the cutting."p28" in blue ink in the bottom right hand corner.trams, tramways, letter to the editor, ballarat city tramway, ballarat revival

'Willie & Wilma' two hand knitted toy bears, made for sale during the 1982 Brisbane Commonwealth Games. The inspiration for these toys was the mascot for the Games - "Matilda" - a 13 meter tall mechanical kangaroo. These toys knitted by Dawn Bennetts for sale at Dorcas Cottage Crafts in Montmorency 1984-1986.2 hand knitted woolen toys, grey bodies with yellow and green knitted clothing.commonwealth games, knitting, koalas, knitted toys, toys

This design of ink bottle was commonly referred to as a ‘penny ink well’ because it was very inexpensive to produce. It is also known as a dwarf ink bottle. Pen and ink has been in use for hand writing from about the seventh century up until the mid-20th century up until around the mid-19th century a quill pen made from a bird’s feather was used. In the 1850s the steel point pen was invented and could be manufactured on machines in large quantities. In the 1880s a successful portable fountain pen was designed, giving a smooth flowing ink and ease of use replacing the quill or dip pen. History of the Loch Ard: The Loch Ard got its name from "Loch Ard" a loch that lies to the west of Aberfoyle, and the east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. The vessel belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many vessels from England to Australia. The Loch Ard was built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curle & Co. in 1873, the vessel was a three-masted square-rigged iron sailing ship that measured 79.87 meters in length, 11.58 m in width, and 7 m in depth with a gross tonnage of 1693 tons with a mainmast that measured a massive 45.7 m in height. Loch Ard made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of 29-year-old Captain Gibbs, who was newly married. The ship was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen, and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead, and copper. There were other items included that were intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. Then at 3 am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land. But the Loch Ard was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4 am the fog lifted and a lookout aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head-on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and Loch Ard's bow swung back towards land. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold their position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time the ship was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves subsequently broke over the ship and the top deck became loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as Lochard Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael a passenger had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke the open case of brandy that had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a complete state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached Loch Ard Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost families in the disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce, and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the Lochard tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of Lochard still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some items were washed up into Lochard Gorge. Cargo and artefact's have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced in March 1982. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton majolica peacock- one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne 1880 International Exhibition. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artifact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register.This ink well is historically significant as it represents methods of hand written communication that were still common up until the mid-20th century, when fountain pens and ballpoint pens took over in popularity and convenience. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefact's from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefact's from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.Stoneware penny Ink bottle ironstone salt-glazed, stoneware cylindrical shape with small mouth and squat neck, broad shoulders brown colour, . with light coloured encrustation spots.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, penny ink well, writing equipment, domestic, stoneware, clay, ceramic, pottery, ink well, inkwell, ink bottle, dip pen, ink, hand writing, business, vintage, dwarf ink

This design of ink bottle was commonly referred to as a ‘penny ink well’ because it was very inexpensive to produce. It is also known as a dwarf ink bottle. Pen and ink has been in use for hand writing from about the seventh century up until the mid-20th century up until around the mid-19th century a quill pen made from a bird’s feather was used. In the 1850s the steel point pen was invented and could be manufactured on machines in large quantities. In the 1880s a successful portable fountain pen was designed, giving a smooth flowing ink and ease of use replacing the quill or dip pen. History of the Loch Ard: The Loch Ard got its name from "Loch Ard" a loch that lies to the west of Aberfoyle, and the east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. The vessel belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many vessels from England to Australia. The Loch Ard was built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curle & Co. in 1873, the vessel was a three-masted square-rigged iron sailing ship that measured 79.87 meters in length, 11.58 m in width, and 7 m in depth with a gross tonnage of 1693 tons with a mainmast that measured a massive 45.7 m in height. Loch Ard made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of 29-year-old Captain Gibbs, who was newly married. The ship was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen, and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead, and copper. There were other items included that were intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. Then at 3 am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land. But the Loch Ard was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4 am the fog lifted and a lookout aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head-on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and Loch Ard's bow swung back towards land. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold their position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time the ship was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves subsequently broke over the ship and the top deck became loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as Loch Ard Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael a passenger had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke the open case of brandy that had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a complete state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached Loch Ard Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost families in the disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce, and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the Loch Ard tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of Loch Ard still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some items were washed up into Loch Ard Gorge. Cargo and artefact's have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced in March 1982. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton majolica peacock- one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne 1880 International Exhibition. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artefact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register.This ink bottle is historically significant as it represents methods of hand written communication that were still common up until the mid-20th century, when fountain pens and ballpoint pens took over in popularity and convenience. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefact's from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefact's from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.Stoneware penny ink bottle; ironstone salt-glazed stoneware, cylindrical shape with small mouth and squat neck, broad shoulders, brown colour. Bottle still has cork in neck. Dark encrustations on body and base.Sticker "L/62"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, penny ink well, writing equipment, domestic, stoneware, clay, ceramic, pottery, ink well, inkwell, ink bottle, dip pen, ink, hand writing, business, vintage, dwarf ink