Pipe smoking has been in vogue for centuries, and in Australia it was a symbol of the "discerning smoker" such as the landed gentry or men of professional status. This pipe, of the cherrywood style, would have suited the young professional of the mid and late 1900s. It is the type of pipe well suited to the rural backdrop. In the late 1900s, with the health related restrictions placed on public smoking these tobacco pipes were not immune from the legislation, and even though the pipe smoke was not as offensive as cigarette smoke it still came under the umbrella of smoking. Pipes were also used in the process of inhaling illicit drugs i.e. marijuana, but this use was limited to a very few. Smoking in the second millennium is being phased out as a social habit in Australia but may affect the few "private" smoker and has, as the United States prohibition era (alcoholic drinks) did, spawn an illicit trade in cheap contraband tobacco.his type of pipe lends itself well to the rural setting of the Kiewa Valley and although it is a bit more bulky in shape its wooden barrel blends into the environment. The Kiewa Valley region was up until the late 1900s part of the Australian Tobacco Industry and the levels of men smoking pipes was enhanced by the ready supply, "off the fields", of tobacco leaves and the attitude to city based smoking restrictions was one of resentment.. This pipe has a bent stem and its style is cherrywood. The pipe has a permanent filter and a narrow tin band. The bowl is well pronounced (curved both top and bottom). The stem screws into the bowl , mid way up the bowl (similar to KVHS 0423 and KVHS.0424) and the stem is also made from bakelite (dark brown in colour). This stem is the same length as KVHS 0055.001 but the bit (mouth piece) has a gentler curve.tobacco, pipe smoking, smoking accessories

Doctor Horace Iles Holmes was born at Launceston Tasmania 09/08/1877. He was educated at Launceston High School and Tasmanian University and later at Melbourne University. After graduation he came to Warrnambool in 1905 and worked in the practice of Dr T F Fleetwood and took over the practice shortly afterwards along with the position of Honorary medical officer at Warrnambool Hospital and also health officer until 1944 and as an Honorary consulting medical officer from then until 1958. His practice which was located at " Ierne" opposite the Presbyterian Church in Spence St Warrnambool. He later moved to a new home and surgery at the corner of Spence Liebig st and Raglan parade which was later sold to Dr C B Berryman. A large medical clinic still operates from this site. Dr Holmes was a keen fisherman and a member of Rotary serving as district governor.This plate is a connection to a long standing doctor in the Warrnambool district. In his practice he would have treated many district people and as such this item has strong social and historical connections to the district. Rectangular brass plate engraved with name which has been coloured in black. There are six screw holes around the outer edge of the plaque. The back is plain .H.I. Holmes M.D. Surgeon & Physician. A stamped name at middle bottom edge is unreadablewarrnambool, warrnambool doctors, dr h i holmes, warrnambool history

Born 9 May 1901 in Prahran. Her Record of Conduct and Service describes her as being 5' 2½" and 8 stones 3 lbs, with hazel eyes, dark brown hair, a fresh complexion and of good appearance. She belonged to the Church of Christ. She commenced training at the Police Training Depot in 1929. In December of that year she passed the examination for a licence as a Shorthand Writer under the Evidence Act. In 1938 she won first prize for the 'empire-wide' King's Police Gold Medal Essay Competition - the set topic for that year was 'Juvenile Crime - Its Causes and Treatment'. The essay was subsequently published in two parts in The Australian Quarterly. Jessie suffered ill health in later life and died after a stroke on 3 June 1952. She had worked mainly at the Russell Street and the Fitzroy P.C.B. and C.I.B.Jessie Clarey 8507 taken in the early 1930spolice women, clarey, jessie jemima 8507, king's police gold medal, police woman, policewomen, policewoman

In 1875 John Rowe enrolled at the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB) where he studied Metallurgy and Assaying. In 1880 the Britannia Mine closed and John Rowe moved to Launceston working as Manager of the Royal Tasman Gold Mining Company. He returned to Ballarat two years later to manage the Long Gully United Gold Mining Company. In 1885 John Rowe sought work in New Caledonia followed by South Africa. While in South Africa he received an offer from SMB to lecture in Practical Mining, an instructional innovation which involved weekly visits to some of the principle mines in the district. John Rowe took up this position in 1994, but it appears to have been a short lived innovation ending in 1996, possibly due to John Rowe's failing health. (http://guerin.ballarat.edu.au/curator/honour-roll/honourroll_Rowe,John.shtml)Nineteen men, some Ballarat School of Mines students, pose outside Ballarat's New Normanby Mine. Some hold picks and candles. The man in the centre wearing a waistcoat is John Rowe, experienced miner and lecturer in Practical Mining at the Ballarat School of Mines. The June 1899 Ballarat School of Mines Magazine records: "The mining class visited the Britannia Gold Mine, and were kindly shown over the surface and underground workings by Mr. Harvey."candle, ballarat school of mines, safety cage, john rowe, new normanby gold mine, mining alumni, pick

Alan J. McConchie, a manufacturer’s agent, was elected to Kew Council in 1924, serving as a councillor for 21 years. He was elected Mayor of Kew in 1927-28, and again in 1945-46. During his second term as Mayor, he gained the support of Council for a pre-school plan which was the first of its kind in Victoria. The scheme established nursery schools and kindergartens as an extension of the existing baby health centres. Alan McConchie was active in Methodist Church work, and was one of the founders of the East Kew church, of which he was a trustee for 29 years. He was well known in the district as a cricketer and was a founder and past president of the East Kew Bowling Club. A Resident of Strathalbyn Street, he died in 1945 aged 60, while attending morning service at the East Kew Methodist Church. He is buried in the Burwood Cemetery. Handmade illuminated invitation to a notable Kew Mayor and MayoressAn illuminated invitation sent to the Mayor and Mayoress of Kew, Cr. and Mrs. McConchie, by a Citizens Committee to a Ball in the Kew Recreation Hall on 26 July 1928. The double page invitation is encased in an embossed maroon leather cover. The invitation was donated to the Society by a descendant of the McConchies in 2014.Inscription Cover: "To Councillor A.J. McConchie and Mrs McConchie". Inside cover in watercolour: "The Chairman Councillor George Ramsay and Members of the Citizens Committee desire the honor of the Company of HIS WORSHIP THE MAYOR OF KEW AND MRS. McCONCHIE at a BALL to be held in the Kew Recreation Hall Tuesday 26th July 1928 at 8 P.M. Tendered to them as a mark of recognition of the services rendered to the City during their Mayoral Year 1927".cr. a. j. mcconchie, mayor of kew (1927-28, 1945-46)

Four images taken of the Queensland Industrial Institute for the Blind by the Survey Office, Dept of Lands. 1 - The basket shop. From left to right: Merv Campbell making a linen basket, Dave Valoniti (?) making a waste paper basket, Phil Woods making a clothes basket and Bill Smith making a wastepaper basket. Examples of finished linen, cot and cane baskets sit to the left of the image. 2- The basket shop on the other side of the building. Unfortunately no individuals have been identified. 3 - Shop foreman Ron Blinco working at a brush making machine. 4-6 - Queensland Industrial Institution for the Blind truck carrying cane baskets, cots, chairs and seat frame. On the door of the truck reads: Health & Home Department. The side of the truck has the following painted on the sideboards: Manufacturers of Baskets, Bedding, Brooms, Brushes, Cane Furniture, Coir Mat & Matting.6 x B/W photographs of men and equipmentC2-5792, C2-5794, C2-5795,C2-5799queensland industrial institute for the blind, merv campbell, dave valoniti, phil woods, bill smith, ron blinco

The Geelong RVIB Auxiliary was formed on February 13, 1933 by Mr Birtchnell. This collection of papers includes the minute books from 1944 until 1998. It was noted in correspondence that Geelong and surrounds had been the most outstanding financial contributor to RVIB's revenue. Collections from the Geelong community had provided high donations every year. The Geelong Auxiliary posted 301 pounds on their first return in 1934, easily topping any of the other 200 auxiliaries in the state at that time. The Annual Report from July 31, 1995 noted that with regret due to health reasons and the passing of many members The Geelong RVIB Auxiliary had no option but to go into recess. The certificate reads: Centenary Certificate of Appreciation presented to Geelong Auxiliary for outstanding service. Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind babies, children and adults. (Signed by) President (Charles Bennett) Executive Director (F.G. Turley).5 minute books -- 2 accounts books -- 1 book of newspaper clippings --various loose papers and letters -- 1 certificate of appreciation Certificate: white paper with light turquoise thick border and gold and blue thin borders. The RVIB official seal is at the base of the right hand side and a coloured image of the RVIB logo, with the words 'Centenary year 100 1866/1966' in the bottom left corner.royal victorian institute for the blind, auxiliaries

An original 1930 Charter of Legacy which was drawn up by Legatee Cyril Smith, and adopted at the 1930 Canberra Conference. The Spirit of Legacy is Service. The care of dependents of comrades who served in the Great War and who gave their lives or health, affords a field for Service. Safeguarding the interests of children is a service worth rendering and their interests include their mental, moral, vocational and physical welfare. Personal effort is the main essential. In as much as these are the activities of Legacy, it is your privilege to accept the "Legacy of the Fallen comrades". Therefore you men who served overseas with honourable records form you a Club to be known as the "Melbourne Legacy Club" and keep fair the name of Legacy. Dated this 30th day of September in the year of our Lord 1930". Signed by FC Green, President, and James Stewart, Secretary, Central Liaison Committee 1930-1931.A record that the early legatees drew up a Charter for all clubs to follow outlining their main goals.A framed early copy of the Legacy Charter.Signed by two legatees, FC Green and James Stewart in black ink.charter, rules

Distributed to nurses who took part in campaigning for improved wages and working conditions in the 1980s, particularly those involved in the historic 1986 Victorian 50-day nurses strike. In October 1986, Victorian nurses began their longest strike after the failure of repeated talks with the health minister David White who was committed to reducing the classification and pay of almost half of Victoria’s nurses. Skeleton staff were left in the wards while picket lines, tents and caravans were set up outside hospitals in both metropolitan and regional Victoria. After 50 days of industrial action, Victorian nurses voted to return to work on 20 December 1986. The Royal Australian Nursing Federation (RANF) became the Australian Nursing Federation in 1989, and the strike concluded in December 1986, suggesting this badge was produced sometime between 1987 and 1989.Circular red and white plastic badge. Silver metal, plastic-coated, with safety pin fastener adhered to back. Badge printed with 'I FOUGHT NURSES STRIKE 1986' and 'R.A.N.F. [Royal Australian Nursing Federation] Vic. [Victorian] Branch'.nursing, nurses, industrial action, strike action, unionism, badges, buttons, pins, campaigning, 1986 victorian nurses strike, trade unions, labour history, royal australian nursing federation

A Vale notice that was published in the Bulletin in 1986 on the death of Legatee Cecil Waters. After the death of his father in WW1 Cecil Waters became a junior legatee from 1926. So he was among the first batch of Junior Legatees. He joined the Intermediate Legacy Club and served a term as President of the ILC. During WW2 he served in the Middle East and South West Pacific area from 1941 to 1946, completing his service as a Captain with the 2/1st Aust Beach Detachment. After his war service he was eligible to join Legacy as a Legatee. He was proposed by Legatee Len Frazer and seconded by Legatee Frank Doolan. He married Stan Savige's daughter, Gwen in 1954 and they had a son Stanley Waters. Ill health caused him to be placed on Reserve in 1962. Gwen died in 1980.A record of the life and service of Legatee Cecil Waters.White A4 paper of a photocopy from the Bulletin of the notice about Legatee Waters.vale, cecil waters

Miss Olive Codling was a Foundation Member and a Life Member of the Wodonga Historical Society. Many of her prize-winning photos are held in the Society Collection. MATE's WODONGA - T. H. Mate opened his first store in Albury in 1850. The company was sold to Burns Philp in 1946, although they continued trading as Mate’s. Burns Philp policy was to maintain the identity of stores they took over with the same staff and management. The Mate’s store in Wodonga was built by local builders A. B. and M. A. Chick. It was a 3 level development in High Street opposite Woodland Grove. It included a mezzanine eating area. Mate’s closed in 1976 when Burns Philp sold the business to Waltons. In 1987 they became Venture Stores. This building also later became Highpoint and Fosseys which closed in 2000. In 2023 it is the Gateway Health building.This photo collection is significant as it documents how the businesses and buildings in Wodonga have evolved and contributed to community throughout the 20th century.2 black and white images of the Mate's Store in Wodonga. Image 1 shows the completed building. Image 2 shows the store under construction. On image 1: Across the top of the building: "MATE'S" Above the door: "MATE'S A BURNS PHILP STORE" wodonga businesses, high st wodonga, mates wodonga

A group of widows at Legacy House doing seated exercises in June 1991, being taught by instructor Betty Luders who ran the classes for many years (at least from 1996 to 2001). Similar to photos 01544, plus 00619 and 00620 which show exercise classes in 2004. Melbourne Legacy ran an excellent exercise program for its widows for many years at Legacy House. Photos were in a scrapbook of photos spanning 1983 to 1991, they were taken by Susie Howard, Publicity Officer. The labels with the photos explain: ' Exercise - You can do it Legacy . . . organise many activities for their widows. Helping them to keep fit is high on the list of priorities. Instructor Betty Luders keeps a watchful eye on proceedings and ensure the classes are enjoyable as well as beneficial. Many of the health problems associated with old age can be be prevented for managed with the help of regular exercise.'A record of the types of activities Legacy provided as a physical and social outlet for widows. Colour photo x 5 of Legacy widows doing exercises at Legacy House.Handwritten white paper label in blue pen 'June '91'. widows, exercise classes, activities, betty luders

The gardens of Ovens District Hospital were laid out and planted by R H Jenkyns in 1874. Over 200 species of trees and shrubs were planted, including several large Himalayan Cedars (Cedrus deodora), a Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), rare Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), Pencil Cedar (Juniperus virginiana), Bunya Bunya Pines (Araucaria bidwillii), a Purple-leaved Dutch Elm (Ulmus x hollandica 'Purpurascens'), American Ash (Fraxinus americana), Pinus radiata, and numerous Populus alba trees and suckers. The gardens were considered integral to the healing process, also including orchards and kitchen gardens. In the 1880s, tourists flocked to Beechworth as the area became recognised as a health resort and picturesque beauty spot. Although the hospital closed in 1940, and parts were subsequently demolished, the gardens remain and form part of the site's listing on the Victorian Heritage Register. This photograph is part of a collection of items held by the Burke Museum relating to Ovens District Hospital. At the time of being built, the Ovens District Hospital was the only hospital between Melbourne, Victoria, and Goulburn, New South Wales, treating patients from all of north-east Victoria, including Indigo Shire.Black and white stereoscopic photograph mounted on card.Reverse: 97-2292 / View up centre path of Hospital / A03177 / BMM3177 / Note: A03178 / View of the central path of the Ovens Hospital / (Church St) Beechworthovens hospital, hospital garden, gardens and parks, ovens district hospital

St Luke’s Anglican Church officially opened on 15 March 1863. It was constructed from locally hewn stone. After serving the congregation for more than a century, the Church was closed by the Health Commission due to its deteriorated condition which was judged to be beyond repair. It was demolished by voluntary labour on the 10 – 11 August 1968. St Luke’s originally operated as a branch of the Albury church. The first resident minister at Wodonga was Rev. J. H. White who came in 1879. Much of the demolition of the church was organised and carried out by Raymond John Schmidt, a long-time parishioner of St Luke’s. After the demolition, the font was relocated to the Schmidt family garden. It was the wish of Ray Schmidt and his wife Elizabeth that the Font should come to the Wodonga & District Historical Society after their deaths. It is now displayed at Hut 97.A baptismal font made from hewn stone from the Wodonga area. Central bowl for holy water is surrounded by an inscription.Around bowl "SUFFER THE LITTLE CHILDREN WHO COME UNTO ME"st luke's church wodonga, religious ceremonial items, anglican church wodonga

One of a series of postcards of photographs taken by socialite photographer Nicholas John Caire. N.J. Caire had a great love for the area and in the late 1800's took many photographs of Marysville and its surrounds.One of a series of postcards of photographs taken by socialite photographer Nicholas John Caire. N.J. Caire had a great love for the area in and surrounding Marysville and in the late 1800's took many photographs of Marysville and its surrounds. N.J. Caire was born in 1837 in Guernsey. He arrived in Adelaide about 1860 along with his parents who encouraged his early interest in photography. He opened a studio in Adelaide in 1867 after traveling extensively throughout the Gippsland taking photographs. After marrying in 1870 he moved to Talbot in Victoria until 1876 when he opened a studio in the Royal Arcade in Melbourne. After 1885 N.J. Caire gave up his city work and made his home in South Yarra and devoted the rest of his life to outdoor photography, specializing in the bush, the gullies and the mountains of south-eastern Victoria. POST CARD This Space may be used for Correspondence (FOR ADDRESS ONLY) Orange one penny postage stamp with an image depicting Queen Victoria Date stamp/ 8.3.06/ 4AM/ MELBOURNE/ 14 7.3.06 My Dear Em/ I received your kind/ note and will be very pleased/ to go out & see you tomorrow/ but cannot say what/ train I will catch as/ I do not know how/ they run. I will try/ not to miss the train/ though. I heard Vic was/ down will be glad to see/ her love to you both/ Yours in health Mary. Mrs Tribeau/ "Hazel Dell"/ Connell Street/ Hawthornwatt's river, fernshaw, victoria, nicholas john caire, postcard, souvenir

Beatrice Irvine was the daughter of former Victorian Premier Sir William Irvine. From age 13 she lived at ‘Killeavey’ off Laughing Waters Road (later accessed from Reynolds Road). In 1923 she married James Morrison and the couple received Killeavey as a wedding gift. The property supported fruit and vegetable growing as well as an impressive botanical garden. But James died in 1936 after a period of ill health, leaving Beatrice to support their six children. To make matters worse, the house was totally destroyed in the Black Friday bushfires in 1939 but was rebuilt. Beatrice became involved in community issues. In particular, she was an active member of the Eltham Women's Auxiliary, which was formed in 1945 to raise funds for the establishment of an Eltham War Memorial. From the outset, it was decided that this would take the form of a Baby Health Centre, a Pre-School and a Children’s Library, set in a garden of remembrance. Thanks to tireless fund-raising, the project came to fruition in the 1950s when, one by one, the three children's welfare buildings opened in Main Road (having previously been in temporary premises): they are collectively known as the Eltham War Memorial site. Beatrice continued to live at Killeavey and became well regarded as a botanist and naturalist. She died in 1989 and is buried in Eltham Cemetery with her husband and one of their sons. The (rebuilt) house has since been demolished. All that remains is a fragment of the garden. In Fond Memory Of James Hans Morrison Croix de Guerre Born St Peters Pass Oatlands Tasmania 6th June 1880 Died Killeavey Eltham 16th November 1936 And his beloved wife Beatrice Wanliss Morrison (nee) Irvine Born St Kilda Victoria 22nd January 1899 Died 5th November 1989 Who rest here James Hans Irvine Morrison Born Melbourne 11th October 1927 Died Gorora New Guinea 1st October 1971Born Digitaleltham cemetery, gravestones, beatrice wanliss morrison (nee irvine), james hans irvine morrison, james hans morrison, croix de guerre (france)

Victorian Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (VIOSH) Australia is the Asia-Pacific centre for teaching and research in occupational health and safety (OHS) and is known as one of Australia's leaders on the field. VIOSH has a global reputation for its innovative approach within the field of OHS management. VIOSH had its first intake of students in 1979. At that time the Institution was known as the Ballarat College of Advanced Education. In 1990 it became known as Ballarat University College, then in 1994 as University of Ballarat. It was 2014 that it became Federation University. VIOSH Australia students are safety managers, senior advisors and experienced OHS professionals. They come from all over Australia and industry. Students are taught active research and enquiry; rather than textbook learning and a one-size fits all approach. VIOSH accepts people into the Graduate Diploma of Occupational Hazard Management who have no undergraduate degree - on the basis of extensive work experience and knowledge. Articles written by students of their first three semesters at Ballarat University College. They were Intake 14 of the Graduate Diploma in Occupational Hazard Management. The collection was called "Three out of Four Ain't Bad". Many references made about individual students and lecturers. Lecturers mentioned were Steve Cowley, Dennis Else, Eric Wigglesworth and Derek Viner. Students were Peter Adams, Marcus Baker, Andrew Batterson, Jim Bonder, Sean Boyle, Jan Chipchase, Hok Ch'ng, Ray Clifford, Natalie Comrie, Doug Cunningham, Lee Davidson, Brett Deale, Kathleen Fysh, Geoff Hurst, Jenny Jackson, Mark Lewis, Anne Lord, Werner Lushington, Joy Monckton, Clint Morton, Susan Pilkington, Corey Quinn, Richard Ridout, Alan Ryan, Chris Sanders, David Skegg, Gary Thompson, Andrea Tidey, Doug Wait, Brent Walton, Susan Watt, Susan Whiteley, Rohanne Young, John Zivanovic. Thirty-eight A4 sheets, pale grey, printed.Names of students and lecturers. Page numbers written by hand, bottom right corner.viosh, victorian institute of occupational safety and health, ballarat university college, graduate diploma in occupational hazard management, steve cowley, dennis else, eric wigglesworth, derek viner, three out of four ain't bad, peter adams, marcus baker, andrew batterson, jim bonder, sean boyle, jan chipchase, hok ch'ng, ray clifford, natalie comrie, doug cunningham, lee davidson, brett deale, kathleen fysh, geoffrey hurst, jenny jackson, mark lewis, anne lord, werner lushington, joy monckton, clint morton, susan pilkington, corey quinn, richard ridout, alan ryan, chris sanders, david skegg, gary thompson, andrea tidey, doug wait, brent walton, susan watt, susan whiteley, rohanne young, jon zivanovic

This set of six colour photographs of a Catafalque Party from the Army Survey Regiment was taken at the Mount Macedon Memorial Cross on the 19th of November 1995. The ceremony was held to commemorate the 60th anniversary and the refurbishment of the site. The refurbishment entailed the complete replacement of the cross and its surrounds. The cross is also known as the Cameron Memorial Cross and was built in 1935 as a memorial for those who lost their lives in the First World War. The Guest Speaker was Mr Bruce Ruxton AM MBE OBE, who at the time was the president of the Victorian RSL. He served in the 2/1st Australian Topographical Survey Company in WW2 before reallocation to the 2/25th Australian Infantry Battalion. He was the president of the Victorian RSL from 1979 to 2002 and was a staunch vocal advocate for the health and welfare of war veterans and their families. Refer to the Wikepedia web site for more detail on the history of the Mount Macedon Memorial Cross and Mr Bruce Ruxton AM MBE OBE.This set of six colour photographs of a Catafalque Party from the Army Survey Regiment was taken at the Mount Macedon Memorial Cross on the 19th of November 1995. The photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 300 dpi. .1) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, SPR James Commons in foreground. .2) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, Guest Speaker - Mr Bruce Ruxton AM MBE OBE. .3) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, SPR Katie Royce, unidentified soldier in background. .4) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, James Commons. .5) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, L to R: SSGT Peter Coles, SPR James Commons. .6) - Photo, colour, 1995. Mount Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony, SPR James Commons. Each photo is annotated ‘Mt Macedon Memorial Cross Ceremony 19 Nov 95. Mr Bruce Ruxton AM MBE, OBE, SSGT Peter Coles, SPR Katie Royce and SPR James Commons are identified on the photos. royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr

This Indian club comes from an early 20th century Warrnambool Men’s Physical Culture group but it is not certain which one it was. Gymnastics and Physical Culture groups were very popular in Warrnambool at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. They were usually attached to sporting or church groups and had both male and female participants. One important Physical Culture group in Warrnambool was a Sandow group, dedicated to promoting the Sandow philosophies and system of physical exercise. Eugen Sandow was a German who gained fame as a strong man, touring the world demonstrating his feats of strength and promoting his philosophy of health and good living. He toured Australia in 1902 and the result was the formation of many Physical Culture groups promoting the Sandow system. The Warrnambool group was said to be the first Sandow club established in Australia. No information has been found on the name ‘Dicks’ on the base of the club. This Indian club is of interest as a memento of the times in Warrnambool when many gymnastics and physical culture groups were operating. It may be a memento from the Warrnambol Sandow Physical Culture Group. This is a bottle-shaped wooden club with a wooden knob at the top end and three ridges incised into the main section of the club. The wood has been varnished but the surface is now a little rubbed and worn. A name is written on the base in black ink‘……Dicks’ warrnambool physical culture groups, eugen sandow

This item wasused before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength. This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) within the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools was and still is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron, hand operated Auger has a short barrel shaped cylinder at one end (known as the "Eye") and at the other end a Helical screw blade (screws the cutting edge into wooden material, thereby creating a hole 3/4 inch diameter in the wood) . The barrel section at the top permits a metal or wooden leverage plank to be inserted. The main rod has a 180mm long cutting/screw blade running from the bottom up towards the "eye" end. From the end of the screw blade to the handle is 380mm and cylindrical, but this changes at 550mm from the "eye" end to a 14mm x 10mm rectangular shape shaft.This shaft end is welded to the "Eye".On the shaft below the "eye" is stamped " MATHESON GLASGOW" on the front side and a spade (cards) symbol on the back.auger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit

This item was before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength.This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) of the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron hand operated drill, has a short barrel-shaped cylinder, known as "the eye" welded across the main rod and is 30mm in circumference. It also has a hole drilled to allow a screw to be fastened onto the hand stock ( not available).The main rod is solid for 400mm and then has been flattened and coiled (Helical screw blade) for another 200mm. At the end of the larger screw blade there is a smaller gauged starter blade with a pointer thread 15mm long. This Auger produces a 1/8th inch hole (metric measurement not used at time of manufacture) See KVHS 0469 for 3/4 inch hole and KVHS 0471 for another 1/8th inch hole.A number 5 stamped on the flat sideauger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit

This item was before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength.This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) of the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron hand operated drill, has a short barrel-shaped cylinder, known as "the eye" welded across the main rod and is 30mm in circumference. It also has a hole drilled to allow a screw to be fastened onto the hand stock ( not available).The main rod is solid for 400mm and then has been flattened and coiled (Helical screw blade) for another 200mm. At the end of the larger screw blade there is a smaller gauged starter blade with a pointer thread 15mm long. This Auger produces a 1/8th inch hole (metric measurement not used at time of manufacture) See KVHS 0469 for 3/4 inch hole and KVHS 0470 for another 1/8th inch hole.auger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit

Born at Servicetown, Peter Fryar attended Ballarat Teachers' College in 1949. Except for three years in Melbourne, his entire professional life was spent at Ballarat. Peter Fryar was appointed to the staff of Ballarat Teachers' College in 1967, where he remained throughout a number of name chanced included State College of Victoria, Ballarat Institute of Technology and Ballarat College of Advanced Education. In 1973 Peter Fryar was appointed Head of the Physical Education Faculty of the new State College of Victoria (Ballarat). In 1980 he was appointed Dean of the faculty of Human Studies at Ballarat College of Advanced Education (BCAE). This faculty included Physical Education, Recreation, Humanities, Social Sciences, Nursing and Librarianship. Peter Fryar became Deputy Director of BCAE in 1987, and retired in February 1989. From 1979 to 1986 Peter Fryar was President of the Australian Council for Health, Physical Education and Recreation. He was made a fellow of that organisation in 1982.Image of the head and shoulders of Laurence A. (Peter) Fryar.ballarat teachers' college, ballarat college of advanced education, laurence a. fryar, peter fryar, fryar

Martha Downes was born at Codrington in 1880. She was grand-daughter of the first Presbyterian minister of Clunes. As a child she belonged to the Erskine congregation. She was trained at the Deaconess' Institute and was appointed to the Fitzroy Mission, where the Rev. A.I. Davidson was Superintendent. Miss Downes was placed in charge of the Gore St. branch of the Mission. She started a Sunday morning children's church, a Sunday School, a Sunday evening service, a mothers' meeting, a girls' and boys' club and other activities. She helped raise funds for the Young St. Mission Hall, which was built in 1912. In 1914 Sister Downes retired due to ill health, but returned in 1915 to take charge of the Erskine Mission. Her interest in girls led to the establishment of Erskine Hostel, in a delicensed hotel in Rathdown St. Carlton, where classes, guilds, club meetings and services were held. Martha Downes died on 24 February 1920.Oval, sepia toned three quarter length studio portrait of Sister Martha Downes, mounted on brown card. Sister Martha is dressed in the uniform of the Presbyterian Sisterhood."Aunt Marion, With all good wishes for Christmas and the New Year 1918-1919"martha downes, sisterhood, presbyterian, clunes, deaconess' institute, fitzroy mission, rev. a.i. davidson, erskine mission, erskine hostel, young street mission hall

Martha Downes was born at Codrington in 1880. She was grand-daughter of the first Presbyterian minister of Clunes. As a child she belonged to the Erskine congregation. She was trained at the Deaconess' Institute and was appointed to the Fitzroy Mission, where the Rev. A.I. Davidson was Superintendent. Miss Downes was placed in charge of the Gore St. branch of the Mission. She started a Sunday morning children's church, a Sunday School, a Sunday evening service, a mothers' meeting, a girls' and boys' club and other activities. She helped raise funds for the Young St. Mission Hall, which was built in 1912. In 1914 Sister Downes retired due to ill health, but returned in 1915 to take charge of the Erskine Mission. Her interest in girls led to the establishment of Erskine Hostel, in a delicensed hotel in Rathdown St. Carlton, where classes, guilds, club meetings and services were held. Martha Downes died on 24 February 1920.Sepia toned postcard format photograph of the Presbyterian Church, Clunes, Victoria. Two ladies and a gentleman stand on the steps of the Church. "Presbyterian Church" on front. Handwritten letter to Martha Downes on reverse.martha downes, sisterhood, presbyterian, clunes, deaconess' institute, fitzroy mission, rev. a.i. davidson, erskine mission, erskine hostel, young street mission hall

Distributed to nurses during campaigning for improved wages and working conditions in the 1980s, possibly during the historic 1986 Victorian 50-day nurses strike. In October 1986, Victorian nurses began their longest strike after the failure of repeated talks with the health minister David White who was committed to reducing the classification and pay of almost half of Victoria’s nurses. Skeleton staff were left in the wards while picket lines, tents and caravans were set up outside hospitals in both metropolitan and regional Victoria. After 50 days of industrial action, Victorian nurses voted to return to work on 20 December 1986. The Royal Australian Nursing Federation (RANF) became the Australian Nursing Federation in 1989, suggesting that this button is from the late 1980s. Similar to the badges worn in this photo [https://stories.anmfvic.asn.au/86strike/media/2560-1440-landscape-sec2-contentb-hr_logwf7a.jpg] from 1986 (see individual on the far right).This badge is of historic significance as it represents nurses' struggle for industrial and professional status. This struggle was made particularly visible through the 1986 Victorian nurses' strike, which had great impact on the way Australian society viewed nurses and working women (Bessant, 1992).Circular white and red plastic badge. Silver metal, plastic-coated, with safety pin fastener adhered to back. Badge printed with 'Nurses DO dare to Struggle' and 'R.A.N.F. [Royal Australian Nursing Federation] Vic. [Victorian] Branch'.nursing, nurses, industrial action, strike action, unionism, trade unions, badges, buttons, pins, campaigning, 1986 victorian nurses strike, labour history, royal australian nursing federation, victoria, australia