Ski-Horizon is the official journal of the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs which began publication in 1949. The were 26 original member clubs which included Albury Ski Club, Bogong Ski Club, Myrtleford Ski Club, Tallangatta and District Ski Club and Wangaratta Ski Club. Two pioneers of Falls Creek, Tom Mitchell, M.L.A., and Martin Romuld were Vice-Presidents of the Federation.This Journal is significant because it documents the early development of skiing in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 2- Nineteen "Kiwis" have arrived, first visiting Mt. Buller, then Falls Creek. Unfortunately Mt. Buller turned on a 3 day blizzard. Falls Creek was a complete contrast. Perfect snow and weather coupled with N.E.D.S.A. hospitality contributed to a "good time being had by all." Races in slalom, downhill and giant slalom were held. Dick Walpole (Myrtleford) won the downhill and giant slalom. Skippy St. Elmo won two of the Women's events. Page 3 - A new event, the Swinburne Cup, was held at the meeting at Falls Creek last month. Eight teams took part in the inter-club race for a trophy presented by the Hon. Ivan Swinburne, M.L.C. who had walked to Falls Creek but skied out, his first time ever on skis.swinburne cup, skippy st. elmo, new zealand visit

Standard summer dress shirt indicative of that worn by sailors of all rank post WWII until present time. Summer, tropical dress shirt white worn by from post WWII to present day. Shirt was worn on service duty by CPO (R’td) Craig Duff; This style shirt is still in use by the RANShirt Service Dress White short sleeved with two breast pockets; Insignia embroided Naval Police Coxswain on the right sleeve; shoulder patch embroided in navy blue cotton with the word Australia embroided on both sleeves, Insignia Rank Petty Officer, buttoned down the front.Inside seam right hand side there is laundry instructions label measuring 45mm x 50mm; Collar label 45mm x 68mm/ DNJ9CC/ July 2007/ 8405-66-051-8334/ SIZE 40,/ NAME/ Service No., 65% polyester/ 35% viscose Rayonshirt short sleeved white, shirt white

An autobiography of Cpl Eric Beadles service in the Royal Air Force, which he presented to Betchworth RSL Sub Branch on ANZAC Day 2010Hardback autobiography by Eric Beadle. Front cover features a sepia photograph of Eric Beadle in RAF uniform off duty. The reverse features a barcode. Front - EIGHT PLUS FOUR WITHOUT TEARS / ERIC BEADLE Inside - TO FRIENDS AND FELLOW MEMBERS OF BEECHWORTH R.S.L BRANCH AS A SMALL TOKEN OF APPRECIATION OF COMRADESHIP OVER MANY YEARS / THE POM! / ERIC BEADLE / ANZAC DAY 2010book, autobiography

Photo, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Remembrance Garden, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, 17 August 2000.Record of earlist links between Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre and the Diamond Valley Vietnam Veterans.Photo, Framed, wooden. Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Remembrance Garden, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, 17 August 2000.Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Remembrance Garden, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre. Unveiled and dedicated in 1999. Photographed at Vietnam Veterans Day Service on 17 August 2000. Presented to Diamond Valley Vietnam Veterans by Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre 10 November 2000.vietnam, vietnam war, diamond valley vietnam veterans sub branch

10 August 2001, DViets first Vietnam Veterans Day wreath, placed by Tony Welsh, 1APC Sqn-RAAC, Battle of Long Tan.Unique record of Diamond Valley Vietnam Veterans Sub Branch Commemorating Its First Vietnam Veterans Day As a Sub Branch with a Wreath Presented by Tony Welsh.Colour photograph featuring formally attired man with beret and medals carrying a floral wreath. Text describes event at top and at the bottom of image.DViets First Vietnam Day Wreath /Saturday 18 August 2001 / Placed By Tony Welsh /(1APC SQN-RAAC, Battle of Long Tan)vietnam veterans day, 2001, raac, tony welsh, diamond valley vietnam veterans sub branch, long tan day, vietnam, vietnam war

A calendar produced for the Legacy Centenary Torch Relay presented by Defence Health. The relay began in Pozieres, France in April and ended in Melbourne in October. It visited each Legacy Club, often there was a community day to accompany the Torch visit.A record of the importance of Legacy's centenary.Colour A4 spiral bound calendar for 2023 showing significant dates for the Torch Relay.centenary, relay, 100th anniversary

Councillor Joseph Haweil spoke to a Legacy Comradeship Luncheon on 27 June 2023. Cr Haweil is Mayor of Hume City and a member of the Assyrian community in Melbourne. He spoke about the actions of Stanley Savige during World War 1 that lead to him saving over 50,000 Assyrian refugees in Persia. After the speech he presented President Kerry Jenke with this artwork by Mr Furat Yosip.The artworks shows that the Assyrian Community are grateful for the life of Stan Savige.Wooden board with burnt etching of Stanley Savige with a gold coloured plaque.Plaque says "Presented to Melbourne Legacy / In Eternal Gratitude and Remembrance of Lieutenant General Sir Stanley George Savige, KBE CB DSO MC / By the Assyrian Community of Victoria at the Assyrian Martys Day Commemoration, Coolaroo - 5 August 2018 / Artist: Mr Furat Yosip"stan savige, assyrians

Appears to be original to Mt Buffalo Chalet. "A number of specific items, which have been useful in the day to day operations of the Chalet, remain in the building with each complementing the other to provide context, meaning and character to their setting. Items such as the hall porter bell, the many signs providing information to the guests, the wall clock, barometer and dinner bell point to the Chalet being a well-run social institution with a pleasant environment for rest, recreation and congenial company." (Pg 81 Historica, MBCC) This temperature gauge has a plaques inscribed "Presented by C.P Sanderson 7/08/1973. It is not known who this person was. Listed in Draft Inventory of significant Collection items. A.3 Fixtures and fittings. (Pg165 Historica Cultural Heritage Projects. Mount Buffalo Chalet collection. Prepared for Parks Victoria, 2011)Listed in Draft Inventory of Significant Collection ItemsSmall circular silver coloured temperature gauge mounted to wall. Plaque attached below temperature gauge. Face is white and has a glass cover.Plaque below barometer: "Presented by C P Sanderson / 7 - 8- 1973"

"A number of specific items, which have been useful in the day to day operations of the Chalet, remain in the building with each complementing the other to provide context, meaning and character to their setting. Items such as the hall porter bell, the many signs providing information to the guests, the wall clock, barometer and dinner bell point to the Chalet being a well-run social institution with a pleasant environment for rest, recreation and congenial company." (Pg 81 Historica, MBCC) "The barometer mounted on an ornately carved backing was presented by flour miller John Spencer Brunton (1861-1937), son of Thomas Brunton who founded the Brunton & Co. flourmills. John had responsibility for the New South Wales arm of the company and lived in Sydney.' (Pg 82 Historica MBCC) " Fig 80. It was presented by John Spencer Brunton on 9 December 1930."(Pg83, Historica. MBCC) Listed in Draft Inventory of Significant Collection items A.3.. Fixtures and Fittings (Pg 165.Historica, MBCC)Barometer and thermometer with carved decorative leaf pattern wooden surround.On plaque below barometer:"PRESENTED BY / JOHN SPENCER BRUNTON / 9.12.30" (further inscriptions on face)

Presented on anniversary of battle of Le Hamel 1995.Large Plater with Ornate Design and inscription in centre. Leaf design and grooves around edge.Presented to 5/6 RVR Officers Mess by Lt Col. & Mrs Thomas. Hamel Day 1995officers mess, 5/6 rvr, regimental property, silver ware

RSL Victorian Branch presented to 1 Royal Victoria Regiment Band as a token of esteem in grateful recognition of valuable services rendered during the ANZAC Day ceremonies.

White rectangular paper document with printed black text. On the top corner is the logo of International Volunteer Day in red/green/blue. On the left a golden Congratulations and top left Australia's coat of arms also in golden colour. The document is signed by Lisa ChestersCertificate of Appreciation Presented to Thompson's Foundry Band In recognition of your contribution to strengthening community and supporting the volunteer sector International Volunteer Day 5th December 2013 Lisa Chesters MP Federal Member for Bendigoinernational volunteer day, lisa chesters, thompson's foundry band, mp, bendigo

A faded, badly damaged black miniature leatherette antique hardcover book, The Book of Common Prayer. The Church of England together with The Psalter or Psalms of David. On the front cover and the spine is stamped in gold lettering - Common Prayer. At the bottom of the spine is printed in gold: London. Underneath the title on the front are five tiny crowns in a line. At the back there are Forms of Prayer, The Form and Manner and other prayers. The pages have gilt edges. 355Pp but some are missing at the end. On the right front end paper is a bookplate from St Hilda's Sunday School , Macclesfield with the award to Ada ? 1904.non-fictionA miniature, antique, The Book of Common Prayer, and administration of the sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the church, according to the use of The Church of England: together with the Psalter or Psalms of David. Prayer books help us find the words when we are in a crisis and do not know what to say, as well as for daily and Sunday worship in the English language.religious books, hymn books, prayer books

Almeida Cup Donor: Unknown Deed of Gift: No The trophy was presented in memory of William C. Almeida who was killed during a bank robbery. A memorial was erected in the park in Hampton opposite Linacre Road and Hampton Street. An inscription reads ‘Erected in memory of William C. Almeida of the Commercial Bank Hampton who gave his life in defence of his Trust 23.4.24. Aged 33 years.’ The trophy was originally used for B Division, now used for Combined Division on AMS handicap and raced on the same day as the Gullett Cup for PHD handicap and the Worcester Cup for IRC handicap. First Winner: Rita, C. W. Campbell 1925/26 almeida, cup, ams, combined division

In 2023 The Royal Australian Mint has released a Legacy Centenary Coin. The coin is available in a limited mintage of 30,000. The reverse of the coin features a sculpted interpretation of the Legacy logo torch cupped by a pair of hands with the title text ‘Centenary of Legacy • 100 Years of Service’ circling the design around the edge of the coin. The front side of the coin features the Queen Elizabeth II Memorial Obverse which will only be featured on coins made in 2023, making this coin even more collectible. The coin was released in two different presentation cards. Australia Post also issued a stamp featuring the Legacy Torch. It will be in general circulation as well as available as commemorative packs and first day covers. The stamp design presents the iconic branding of Legacy Australia and echoes the colours of the Australian flag. The torch design prominently placed in the stamp represents the undying flame of service and sacrifice, the foundation of Legacy’s existence. The body of the torch is presented in a gold colour, signifying generosity and compassion. In its wreath of laurel, with its points inverted in remembrance, is the guerdon of honour, to represent those who gave their lives for their country. The coin was released in two different presentation cards. One was $15. This one appears with the Legacy Stamp and postmarked as a first day of issue and cost $18.95 in a limited edition of 7,000. A record that Legacy's reputation is such that the centenary was marked by the Royal Mint and Australia Post.An uncirculated Australian $1 coin in a protective pack with the Legacy Stamp.100th anniversary, centenary

Australia Post issued a stamp featuring the Legacy Torch. It will be in general circulation as well as available as commemorative packs and first day covers. The stamp design presents the iconic branding of Legacy Australia and echoes the colours of the Australian flag. The torch design prominently placed in the stamp represents the undying flame of service and sacrifice, the foundation of Legacy’s existence. The body of the torch is presented in a gold colour, signifying generosity and compassion. In its wreath of laurel, with its points inverted in remembrance, is the guerdon of honour, to represent those who gave their lives for their country. The commemorative envelope has an image of Stan Savige and comes with the Legacy Stamp and postmarked as a first day of issue, 21st March 2023, and cost $1.50.A record that Legacy's reputation is such that the centenary was marked by Australia Post.A decorative envelope with the Legacy stamp and stamped with the first day of issue.100th anniversary, centenary

Murray Comrie Collection. Information written by Donald Clark, (source Tarnagulla: A history of Tarnagulla and Districts website): The hotel was built on Commercial Road in 1859 and was opened on 26/12/1859. Festivities lasted for three days on opening. The building was of two storeys, built of brick and plastered throughout. It contained one bar, three parlors, billiard room, dining room, and four bedrooms with twelve others detached from the main building. Other out buildings consisted of kitchen etc. and stables to accommodate 30 horses. There was an underground tank capable of holding 3000 gallons of water. The licence was granted to Patrick McDermott at the Dunolly Court on 17/2/1860 and renewed on General Licensing Day on 12th June, 1860, and was transferred to William Hawkins in 1861. The premises became the headquarters of the Bet Bet Roads Board, following which it became the Council Chambers for the Borough of Tarnagulla, until 1915. The building was beyond repair and was removed by pulling the place down and storing the material for use of the Public Hall Committee. This took place on March 27th and 28th, 1981. This image must be after 1866, when the building was purchased for use as Council Chambers and the original heavy cornice was removed as that is not present in this image. This photograph is a reasonable copy created from an older original. Monochrome photograph depicting Company's Hotel in Tarnagulla. At the time of the photograph the old hotel is being used as the Mechanics' Institute. tarnagulla, hotels, company's hotel, companys hotel, burstall hall, businesses, commercial road

FORGING AHEAD City of Footscray City of Braybrook Incorporated 1959 Chaff Milling Section Interior photograph: Caption: Chaff baggers in operation Accompanying Text Schutt & Barrie Pty. Ltd. commenced operations in 1913 [Schutt]at Spotswood, but two years later a transfer was made to the present site at the corner of Geelong and Williamstown Road Footscray. The output for years past has been 100 tons of chaff a day- the largest of any mill of its kind in Australia. The firm’s “Green String” is widely known.Schutt & Barrie workmen with John Ralph Schutt and C E Barrie.local identities, agriculture

Bakery Square was the location of Jongebloed shop, bakehouse and stables Bakehouse owned by Gottfried Jongebloed and Auguste Shebler. Auguste Shebler came to Melton in the early 1950’s and in 1857 built a store on the corner of High and Smith Streets. Mr Shebler was the Postmaster, and Paymaster for thee Government, who sent a batch of 400 to 500 immigrants to clear trees and fallen timber off the Ballarat Road; the wages being 5/- per day, and oversees 10/- per day. In 1865, Mr Shebler built the Golden Fleece Hotel on the present site and, although many alterations have taken place, most of the main walls still belong to the original building. He built a store some 100 yards west along High Street, and added to it a bakers’s business; then he built a butcher’s shop and leased it to the late Mr G McKenzie. Gorrfried Jongebloed was born in 1857 and came to Melton in 1887 as a Captain in the Mercantile Marine. In 1888 he married Marie Antionette, second daughter of Mr Shebler, and took over the bakery and green grocers business. Ten children were born to the family- Gerhard, Annette, Gorrfried (dec 1937), Emil, (dec 1947), Nicholas, Julius, Theckla, Augustus, Marie and Margarethe, - who settled in various parts of Victoria and are, in the bakery businesses. Mr and Mrs Jongebloed, sen., carried on the businesses in Melton until 1926, when one of their sons Emil, took over. Mr Jongebloed, sen., died in 1930 at the age of 73 years; and his wife living until 8th Oct., 1946, when she died at the age of 80 years. After the sudden death of Emil, in Jan., at the age if 49 years, the business had been conducted up to the present time by two sons “Pat” and Bryan. 1962 Express September local identities

Presented to School children.2 x Anzac Day Medals 1918 and 1916 on faded red, white and blue ribbons.commemorative medals

bib. p.256.fictionIn her colloquial retelling of these stories, Marie Heaney conveys the full dramatic and poetic power of one of Europe's oldest narrative traditions. The most important tales from the three major pre-Christian sequences - the Mythological Cycle, the Ulster Cycle and the Finn Cycle - are followed by lives of the saints Patrick, Brigid and Columcille, and the result is a uniquely accessible compendium. Encompassing both extremes of violence and the most sublime and tender imaginative fancy, the world of Over Nine Waves is one in which the present-day reader will have no difficulty finding his or her bearings. Marie Heaney is the ideal guide, demonstrating with authority what may still be too little known, that the ancient Irish legends are comparable in their force and profundity to any in the world. legends - ireland, tales - ireland

Index, bib, plates, maps, ill. p. 240.non-fictionThis book is an account of how exploration and settlement of Port Phillip paved the way for colonising present day Victoria.exploration and development - melbourne, john batman - melbourne - history

Wooden plaque with plastic facing with two information panelsIn commemoration of the 60th anniversary of VP Day. 15th August 1945 Presented by the Ringwood RSL and Phil Baressi Federal Member for Deakin with smaller panel displaying the Ode below

This item is from a collection donated by descendants of John Francis Turner of Wodonga. Thimbles were used for both practical and decorative purposes and were created in a range of styles. Popular history also suggests that roots of the modern-day wedding ring in America had an interesting tie to a thimble. Puritans that colonized in early America did not believe in adornment. A common practice among these early Americans was for a man to present a thimble to his fiancée which was symbolic of his wish to marry her. These brides began to cut off the rim on these thimbles and making a simple band they would wear on their finger. Thus, the practice of wedding rings for women started.This item comes from a collection used by a prominent citizen of Wodonga. It is also representative of a domestic item common in the 1930s.A silver thimble decorated with filigree work above a solid bottom section.domestic items, filigree thimble, womens social history, women's work

The Volunteer Air Observers Corps (VAOC) was a civil defence formed on 31st December 1941 as part of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) support during World War II. The VAOC rapidly developed observation posts manned by men and women all over Australia, the main purpose being to identify and report any aircraft movement to an RAAF regional base. During the early days of 1942 the posts were manned 24 hours a day, gradually relaxing as the threat to Australia lessened. All members were continually trained in aircraft identification and provided an invaluable service to the RAAF. The VAOC was disbanded in April 1946. During its operation over 2,600 observations posts were maintained and approximately 25,000 personnel served. These certificates were presented to Mrs. H (Hazel) Penfold and Mr. A. R. (Alexander Rex) Penfold in recognition of 3 years of service during this period. Hazel was the daughter of Mark Ellwood and Rosina Mary Smale and the older sister of Grace, wife of John Hamilton-Smith. The family of Grace and John Hamilton-Smith have donated many items to the Wodonga & District Historical Society. This item commemorates one of the important roles played by civilians on a local, state and national level during WW2 and is attached to a local Wodonga family.2 coloured certificates on cream paper. The design includes 2 aircraft and a man and woman positioned between with the Union Jack and the Australian flag in the top section above the Royal Australian Air Force insignia and the words "For King and Country" Dark cream columns with a pale blue surround frame the details on the certificate. 3 one Years service stickers are attached at the bottom above the insignia of the Volunteer Air Observers Corps.For King and Empire Presented to Mrs H. Penfold by the ROYAL AUSTRALIAN AIR FORCE As a record and in appreciation of patriotic response to the call of country by serving in the VOLUNTEER AIR OBSERVERS CORPS This 20th day of September 1945 signed G. Jones Air Vice Marshall Chief of Air Staff signed ? Unit Commanding Officer volunteer air observers corps, vaoc, civilians in ww2, hamilton-smith collection

non-fiction A history of the Wodonga Turf Club produced and presented to the community in 2003. The first race meetings took place in Wodonga as early as 1859, when there was an annual three-day race meeting known as the Belvoir annual races. More regular racing in Wodonga dates back to 1870. The first formal race club, the Wodonga Racing Club, was founded in 1873. In 1901 it was renamed as the Wodonga Federal Racing Club. In May 1901, the Wodonga Amateur Turf Club was formed. Also in 1901, on 3rd July, another body, the Wodonga Citizens’ Race Club was formed with a view to satisfying a demand for winter racing. At a meeting at the Wodonga Council Chambers in October 1901, it was decided, seemingly by an unanimous vote, that the three Wodonga race clubs then in existence would amalgamate to form the Wodonga Turf Club. This publication documents key events and personalities involved in the development of racing in Wodonga since that time until 2003.horse racing wodonga, wodonga turf club, country horse racing victoria

Ian Darnton Watson was a member of a prominent family of civic leaders in Wodonga. He was born on 6th July 1925 in Albury, the first son of Kenneth Darnton Watson and Phyllis Lenore Emily Austin. He completed his primary education at Albury Grammar School, and later became a boarder at Melbourne Church of England Grammar School. He enlisted for service at Albury on 25th January 1944 and commenced full time service on 8th February 1944 at Royal Park in Melbourne, Victoria and was allocated to the 2nd Medium Regiment. He embarked for overseas service in Borneo on 30th July 1945 and disembarked in Australia on 15 April 1947 after serving with the Australian occupation forces in Japan. Mr Watson was discharged on 22 April 1947 at which time he was a member of the Australian 2nd Medical Regiment. On discharge he returned home to help his father farm his property, De Kerilleau in Wodonga. De Kerilleau was classified by the National Trust in 1974. Ian described his father, Kenneth as a hardworking, practical man, who for two years from 1929 - 1931, had been the Wodonga Shire President. Cr K. D. Watson was again elected to the Council in 1943 and served until he died in October 1951. In March 1957, he married Miss Lesley Buttfield, of Sydney, NSW. They had three children, Fiona, John and Rowena. John was later to become a member of Wodonga Council and served as mayor. Ian was past President of the RSL branch at Wodonga, Captain of the Wodonga Rural Fire Brigade, and President of the West Wodonga Primary School Committee. He also served on Wodonga Council from 1974 until his death on 14 December 1981, aged 56.This certificate is significant because it acknowledges the War Service of a prominent member of the Wodonga communityA colour printed certificate presented to Ian Darnton Watson in appreciation for his service for "King and Empire" during World War II. The text is surrounded by columns and an arch. The Australian and British flags are at the top as well as representations of the Navy, Army and Air Force. It also features the logo of the Shire of Wodonga above the text. The badge of the Commonwealth Armed Forces is at the centre bottom of the certificate. This small collection also includes black and white photographs of Ian Watson from his Service Records and another photo in uniformOn Certificate: PRESENTED TO Ian Darnton Watson BY THE PRESIDENT, COUNCILLORS AND CITIZENS OF THE SHIRE OF WODONGA as a record and an appreciation of Your Services to King and Country during the Great War which commenced 3rd September, 1939. Given under the Common Seal of the Shire of Wodonga by the President, Citizens this Councillors and Citizens this 26th day of February 1947watson family wodonga, ian darnton watson, de kerilleau

James Stewart Noel Harris was born in Rutherglen on 21 March 1905 to John Richards Harris and Jessie Lily nee Prentice. His father was a doctor in Rutherglen. John later entered politics and was knighted for his services in May 1937. After finishing his secondary schooling James (Stewart) Harris moved to Melbourne to study law, becoming a resident of Trinity College in 1925 and rising to become Senior Student in his final year, 1928-29. He enlisted in the Air Force Cadets at Point Cook in 1925 and transferred to the Air Force Reserve in 1930. On 7th October 1940 James transferred to active service as a Flight Officer. He worked his way up the ranks, being appointed Wing Commander in 1944. He also served as Chief Instructor of the RAAF School of Administration, receiving the RAAF Long Service Commendation. The RAAF School of Administration and Special Duties had moved from Ascot Vale to Trinity College in 1942 meaning that James Harris' service career had returned to the place it began in 1925. In 1945 he requested to be transferred back to the Reserve so that he could resume his civilian life. On discharge, James returned to Wodonga and resumed his legal career. In the early 1930s he had joined the legal practice of Mr. Edmondstone which had opened for business in High Street, Wodonga in 1886. The practice continued to develop and in 1966 was joined by Lou Lieberman, becoming known as “Harris Lieberman & Co”. Harris Lieberman still operates in Wodonga and Albury. James Stewart Noel Harris died in Wodonga on 30th November 1978.This item is significant because it recognises the War Service of a prominent citizen of Wodonga.A colour printed certificate presented to James S. N, Harris in appreciation for his service for "King and Empire" during World War II. The text is surrounded by columns and an arch. The Australian and British flags are at the top as well as representations of the Navy, Army and Air Force. It also features the logo of the Shire of Wodonga above the text. The badge of the Commonwealth Armed Forces is at the centre bottom of the certificate. This small collection also includes black and white photographs of James Samuel Noel Harris in uniform and also saluting on presentation of an award recognising his service in 1942.On Certificate: PRESENTED TO James S. N. Harris BY THE PRESIDENT, COUNCILLORS AND CITIZENS OF THE SHIRE OF WODONGA as a record and an appreciation of Your Services to King and Country during the Great War which commenced 3rd September, 1939. Given under the Common Seal of the Shire of Wodonga by the President, Citizens this Councillors and Citizens this 25th day of February 1946 C F Pollard, Presidentjames stewart noel harris, servicemen wodonga wwii, harris lieberman