This shaped ink bottle made by Caldwell's is called a 'boat ink bottle'. It was shaped especially to hold a nib pen when the pen was not in use. The design of the bottle is sometimes called a ‘cottage’ or ‘boat’ shape. The Caldwell’s handmade glass ink bottle was mouth-blown into a two-piece mould, a method often used in the mid-to-late 19th century. The glass blower burst the bottle off the end of his blowpipe with a tool, leaving an uneven mouth and sharp edge on the bottle, which was usually filed. The bottle was then filled with ink and sealed with a cork. More expensive bottles would have a lip added, which was more time-consuming and costly to produce. The capacity for a bottle such as this was about 3 ½ oz (ounces) equal to about 100 ml. Pen and ink have been in use for handwriting since about the seventh century. A quill pen made from a bird’s feather was used up until around the mid-19th century. In the 1850s a steel point nib for the dip pen was invented and could be manufactured on machines in large quantities. The nis only held a small amount of ink so users had to frequently dip the nib into an ink well for more ink. Handwriting left wet ink on the paper, so the blotting paper was carefully used to absorb the excess ink and prevent smudging. Ink could be purchased as a ready-to-use liquid or in powdered form, which needed to be mixed with water. In the 1880s a successful, portable fountain pen gave smooth-flowing ink and was easy to use. In the mid-20th century, the modern ballpoint pen was readily available and inexpensive, so the fountain pen lost its popularity. However, artisans continue to use nib pens to create beautiful calligraphy. Caldwell’s Ink Co. – F.R. Caldwell established Caldwell’s Ink Company in Australia around 1902. In Victoria, he operated from a factory at Victoria Avenue, Albert Park, until about 1911, then from Yarra Bank Road in South Melbourne. Newspaper offices were appointed as agencies to sell his inks, for example, in 1904 the New Zealand Evening Star sold Caldwell’s Flo-Eesi blue black ink in various bottle sizes, and Murchison Advocate (Victoria) stocked Caldwell’s ink in crimson, green, blue black, violet, and blue. Caldwell’s ink was stated to be “non-corrosive and unaffected by steel pens”. A motto used in advertising in 1904-1908 reads ‘Makes Writing a Pleasure’. Stationers stocked Caldwell’s products and hawkers sold Caldwell’s ink stands from door to door in Sydney in the 1910s and 1920s. In 1911 Caldwell promised cash for returned ink bottles and warned of prosecution for anyone found refilling his bottles. Caldwell’s Ink Stands were given as gifts. The company encouraged all forms of writing with their Australian-made Flo-Eesi writing inks and bottles at their impressive booth in the ‘All Australian Exhibition’ in 1913. It advertised its other products, which included Caldwell’s Gum, Caldwell’s Stencil Ink (copy ink) and Caldwell’s Quicksticker as well as Caldwell’s ‘Zac’ Cough Mixture. Caldwell stated in a 1920 article that his inks were made from a formula that was over a century old, and were scientifically tested and quality controlled. The formula included gallic and tannic acids and high-quality dyes to ensure that they did not fade. They were “free from all injurious chemicals”. The permanent quality of the ink was important for legal reasons, particularly to banks, accountants, commerce, municipal councils and lawyers. The Caldwell’s Ink Company also exported crates of its ink bottles and ink stands overseas. Newspaper advertisements can be found for Caldwell’s Ink Company up until 1934 when the company said they were the Best in the business for 40 years.This pen and ink bottle set is of significance as the bottle has its original cork and retains remnants of ink, which was made from a recipe that at the time was over 100 years old, according to Caldwell.. The handmade, mould blown method of manufacture is representative of a 19th-century handcraft industry that is now been largely replaced by mass production. The bottle and its contents are of state significance for being produced by an early Melbourne industry and exported overseas. The pen and ink set is historically significant as it represents methods of handwritten communication that were still common up until the mid-20th century when fountain pens and modern ballpoint pens became popular and convenient and typewriters were becoming part of standard office equipment.Victorian boat ink bottle; small rectangular clear glass ink bottle with horizontal grooves made in the glass for resting and holding the pen. The set includes one pen and nib with the bottle and cork. The bottle is made by Caldwell's and contains its Flo-Eesi Blue Black Ink brand."Caldwell's Flo-Eesi Blue Black Ink."flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, ink, nib pen, writing ink, writing, copying, banks, lawyers, commerce, student, permanent ink, flo-eesi, blue black ink, stationery, record keeping, handwriting, writing equipment, writing accessory, office supply, cottage bottle, boat bottle, mouth-blown bottle, two-part mould, sheer-lip bottle, burst-lip, cork seal, f r caldwell, caldwell’s ink company, albert park, south melbourne, inkstands, stencil ink, copy ink, quicksticker, zac cough mixture

Souvenired by WO Albert Corrie VX47191, refer Cat No 4847 for service.1) Currency note United Arab Emirates 5 Dirhams, front has a sketch of a building, colours red, brown, yellow, pink. .2) .3) Currency note United Arab Emirates 10 Dirhams, Arabic writing with image of a dagger, colours greens and black. All have “United Arab Emirates central Bank in large print”.1) In black, “156769584” .3) In black, “065418412”currency, notes, arabic

Alexander Black was a painter and decorator who operated a business in Timor St below Swinton’s. Some of the customers in this book are town council baths, Mr Fritz Landmann, St John’s Church, Thomas Redford, Thomas Robinson, Public Works Department, J W Crawley, Jas McLeod, W J Jackman among many more.Listing many local people and being associated with a local business, it has social and historical significance.Large rectangular hard card cover. Maroon, blue and cream patterned card cover with dark green spine binding. Hand written entries listing details of work completed at front and tenders for work at the back of the book. Paper label pasted to front cover “Working account book from 5th December 1899 to August 1918 Tenders at back of book 1900.” Purple oval stamp Alexr Black Painter Importer of paper hangings Warrnambool. Handwritten inside front cover: Mr Alex Black Timor Street Warrnambool. warrnambool, alexander black, alex black painter, black painterwarrnambool,

A digital copy of a black and white postcard of Narbethong House situated next to the Black Spur Hotel in Narbethong.A digital copy of a black and white postcard of Narbethong House situated next to the Black Spur Hotel in Narbethong. A postcard in a series produced by the Rose Stereograph Company in Victoria, Australia as a souvenir of Narbethong. narbethong, victoria, australia, postcard, rose series postcard, the rose stereograph company, souvenir, black spur hotel, narbethong house, p. 10284

Frank Wright was a renown resident of Smeaton, where he was born on 2 August 1901. He lived at Laura Villa, and attended Smeaton State School. His father William was a gold miner and his mother's name was Sarah. Their family won many singing and instrumental awards. Frank was tutored by Percy Code and was awarded a gold medal for the highest marks in the ALCM examinations in the British Colonies at the age of seventeen years. He became the Australian Open Cornet Champion by the age of eighteen. A year later, Frank conducted the City of Ballarat Band, and later the Ballarat Soldiers’ Memorial Band. He formed the Frank Wright Frisco Band and Frank Wright and his Coliseum Orchestra. These bands won many South Street awards, and Frank as conductor won many awards in the Australian Band Championship contest. In 1933 Frank Wright sailed to England to conduct the famous St Hilda’s Band and was later appointed Musical Director of the London County Council, where he organized many amazing concerts in parks, in and around the London district. He was made Professor of Brass and Military Band Scoring and conducted at the Guildhall of Music and Drama. Frank was often invited to adjudicate Brass Band Championships around Europe, in Australia, including South Street and in New Zealand. The Frank Wright Medal at the Royal South Street competition is awarded to an individual recognized as making an outstanding contribution to brass music in Australia.This single sheet of paper with the black printed header of The National Band Festival, is a typed letter of reference for Frank Wright. It is signed by Founder and Director J Henry Iles.Signature in black penfrank wright, j henry iles, the national band festival, crystal palace, brass band

Item bought back fro North Africa by Alexander William ARCHER No 40437 RAAF. Refer Cat No 2597 for his service details.Triangular badge of yellow cloth with black skull & cross bones stamped on front, showing through cloth to the back.Printed on top of front in black: .MINE. Printed on top of back in black: AA. 1942 N.AFRICAbadge, mine, ww2

The flag was captured by R. Thompson VX62115, 42nd Aust Landing Craft Coy. 2 AIF. Rectangular silk flag grey in colour with a solid red circle in the centre which is 40cm in diameter. The red circle is surrounded by Japanese writing in black ink. A large black ink stain is along one edge. Japanese writing - handwritten in black ink.flags, imperial japanese army, world war 2

The first Seafarers Service was held on 23 October 1905 in the St Paul's Cathedral in London to celebrate the Centenary of the Battle of Trafalgar and the death of Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson on 21 October 1805. Reverend Alfred Gurney Goldsmith launched the first Seafarers Service two years later and the first service was held on Sunday 10 November 1907. National and house flags are used during the annual Seafarers Service. Messageries Maritimes was a French merchant shipping company. It was originally created in 1851. In 1977 it merged with Compagnie générale transatlantique to form Compagnie générale maritime. In 1996 CGM was privatized and sold to Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement (CMA) to form CMA CGM.The service continue to reflect the full range of the maritime activities in Australia. Representatives come from the Royal and Merchant Navies, the commercial world, shipping companies, mission and philanthropic societies, veterans’ associations, labour unions, youth and leisure organisations, but anyone is welcome to attend.Large red rectangular flag with large M.M in black on a white diamond shape.Messageries Maritimes written in black penflag, seafarers service, messageries maritimes, m.m., shipping company, house flag

A Legacy ceremony at the Shrine of Remembrance. One of the annual "Anzac Commemoration Ceremony for Students" events, usually held just prior to ANZAC Day. The ceremony provides a valuable opportunity for students to gain an appreciation of the Anzac spirit, the significance of the Shrine and the meaning of Anzac Day. The photo shows the view from the Shrine Balcony with the attendees seated below. The proof sheet contains more images of the service, Legatee Graham Riches interviewing school students, and students holding wreaths. The photo was published in the May 1992 edition of The Answer and again in the March 1993 edition of the Answer to advertise the 1993 ceremony.A record of a ceremony for school students at the Shrine.Black and white photo and proof sheet of a service for school students at the Shrine in 1992.Handwritten 'F19' on the back in black ink.anzac commemoration for students, wreath laying ceremony

An address delivered by Legatee Brian Armstrong (according to handwritten note on Envelope L.6) at the graveside of Sir John Monash in Brighton Cemetery on 24th October 1937, six years after Monash' death. In it he mentions how he, Armstrong, was one of "the great Company of junior officers and men who carried his orders into effect." and quotes from the message sent by Monash to all the men of the Australian Army Corps before a battle on 8 August 1918 when "for the first time on the western front we fought as an Australian army, with the green grass beneath our feet and a retreating enemy in sight." Legatee John Henry Brian Armstrong was President of Melbourne Legacy in 1937, and rose from Private to Lieutenant in the AAMC 22nd Btn. He was wounded at Dernancourt 25.4.1918 and Herleville, becoming a P.O.W. 18.8.1918. He was discharged as medically unfit 2.8.1919 and became a solicitor, serving as a Legatee for 54 years. Although Melbourne Legacy is not referred to specifically, it is clear that Monash' service to his country lives on in the work of Legatees in caring for others.Typed and hand written quarto paper, black on white, bound with green cord.Numerous annotations in black pen, and pencil.john monash, speech, obituary

Letter advised F.G. Davey of an appointment with the Department of Civil Aviation. Davey initially wanted to be a commercial pilot after returning from WW2. He qualified to do so but eventually chose to return to his pre-war job as a clerk at Hume and Iser, Bendigo. Part of F.G. Davey collection. See catalogue no. 3536P for his service record.Single page letter in black type on cream paper under the commonwealth of Australia - Department of Civil Aviation letterhead. Handwritten appointment details appear in black ink.Handwritten in black ink: '18.4.47'. Handwritten indecipherable signature in black ink. Handwritten address in black ink: 'Davey F.G. 88 Olinda Street, Bendigo, Vic'. Handwritten appointment time: 'Thursday 24th 1030'.f.g. davey, letter, department of civil aviation

List of soldiers below photograph - black ink pen in copperplate style. "Back Row, Left to Right: Capt. G.V. Phillipson, Capt. R.H. Gaze/ Centre Row: Lieut. S.H. White, Capt. K.A. Evans, Maj. C.E. Lee, Comd. Officer Lt-col. P.M. Shanahan, Capt. J.F.N. Kearne, Capt. W.H. Arthur, / Chaplain Fabian/ Kneeling: Capt. F.S. Wenbon, Capt. F.S. Smith, Lieut. I.V. Ham, Capt. H.R.C. Rarnard, Capt. T.S. Dave, Lieut. J.E. Prentice, Lieut. M.V. Bolitho." Photograph - black and white on paper, an informal group of soldiers, standing and kneeling with, corrugated iron building in the background. Battalion nameplate above photograph and list of soldiers below photograph. Black ink pen handwritten on beige coloured card. Mount - cardboard, off white colour. Frame - timber with brown varnish finish, glass front and cardboard backing.Battalion nameplate - black ink pen, handwritten in copperplate style. "38th Infantry Battalion/ The Northern Victorian Regiment/ May-June 1949 Annual Camp/ Puckapunyal".passchendaele barracks trust, framed accessories, photograph, 38th inf battn

Photo taken on Frederick Gardner DAVEY's sea journey to the UK. Item re Frederick Gardner DAVEY DFC No 410533 RAAF. Refer Reg No 3536P for his service details.Black / white photo of a man standing on the stern of a ship.Handwritten in black ink on back: On the way overphotography, ships, naval

Part of the collection of KEVIN JOHN HERDMAN No. 397661. See Cat. No. 5942P for details of his service record.Pocket sized note book with soft cream coloured cover and lined pages. Pages have cut edges. Handwritten notes in black ink on each page. Pages are attached to cover with staples. Title of notebook in black type on front cover. Text on back cover in black type.Handwritten in black ink on back cover: “223”notebook, australian military forces, kevin john herdman

A black talking watch with plastic watchband. It consists of a LCD display and voice response. It is stored in a black cardboard box which has instructions on it.LCD watch with black plastic bandAbove watch display: Talking Left hand button below display: Mode Right hand button below display: Talking Upper circular button below middle of display: Hr. Lower circular button below middle of display: Minassistive devices, audio equipment

Studio photograph of Elizabeth (Betty) Black, sister of Lindsay Black. The Black family were early landowners in Watsonia, from Grimshaw Street to Lambourn Road. The Model Studio operated from 330 Smith Street Collingwood from 1902-1904.Digital copy of black and white studio photograph.betty black, black family, elizabeth black, watsonia

Letter sent to Black Rock address via first airmail flight Nhill to Melbourne 7.9.1948Envelope with 2 stamps .1X 5d and 1X 1/2dFirst Flight Airmail Service...Nhill to Melbourne 7 Sep 1948 Mr G.Maynard, 6 Woodall St., Black Rock Vic

One of a number of 'real photo' and commercial postcards created by or owned by members of the Christian and Washfold families of Kew. The postcards are part of a larger collection of photographs, postcards and publications donated to the collection in May 2021.Sepia postcard of the beach at Black Rock showing swimmers and cars parked along the beachGuest Newsagency, Black Rock No.2rickett's point, postcards -- beaches, christian-washfold collection

Colour slides of an annual dinner in the 1960s. The slide shows groups of legatees during the evening, the venue is not known. It is possible it was the induction of the new president. The Melbourne Legacy President's chair is seen at the high table. Or it may be the annual conference of Legacy Clubs. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of an annual dinner held for Legatees in the 1960s.Colour slide x 2 of legatees at a black tie dinner in white cardboard mount.Imprinted 'Made in Australia' in black ink.legatee function, legatees

The President in 1985 was Colin Bannister. It mentions Tuesday legatee meetings with guest speakers and also Thursday Comradeship. The document is dated 10 March 1985 as the presidential year ran from March to the following February. Was in a binder of documents that is passed from an outgoing President to the incoming President. It is primarily from the 1930s to 1990s. Most documents are being catalogued separately.A record of the ideas of the President in the 1980s.White foolscap paper x 1 page with black type of the President's comments in 1985.Signed in black pen 'TC Bannister'.presidents, colin bannister