There are two distinct types of milk consumption: a natural source of nutrition for all infant mammals and a food product for humans of all ages that is derived from other animals. Milk is a key contributor to improving nutrition and food security particularly in developing countries. Improvements in livestock and dairy technology offer significant promise in reducing poverty and malnutrition in the world. Pasteurization is used to kill harmful micro-organisms by heating the milk for a short time and then immediately cooling it. In the past, milk was always packaged in glass milk bottles The first glass bottle packaging for milk was used in the 1870s. The first company to do so may have been the New York Dairy Company in 1877 with a small glass lid and a tin clip. Lewis P. Whiteman holds the first patent for a glass milk bottle c1884,which was sealed with a waxed paper disk. The Express Dairy Company in England began glass bottle production in 1880. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Spotswood 1880 - 1990. Milk cartons first came to Australia in 1958, when the Model Dairy in Melbourne began packaging milk in 150 ml and 500 ml cartons. At the time, 160,000 new glass bottles were needed in Melbourne alone every week to keep up the delivery of 1.3 million bottles of milk a day. n 1970, the blow-moulded disposable plastic milk bottle was introduced. In 1987, only about 2% of milk was still being sold in glass bottles. Glass milk bottles are now rare .Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co Pty Ltd (1903 - 1915) Registered in Victoria in 1903 the company amalgamated with the Waterloo Glass Bottle Works Ltd in 1915 to form Australian Glass Manufacturers Company, Limited. Melbourne Glass bottle works Spotswood 1872- 1915 The Melbourne Glass Bottle Works (former), comprising a complex of buildings constructed between 1880 and 1940, at Booker Street, Douglas Parade, 2-38 Hudson Road, Raleigh Street and Simcock Avenue, Spotswood. The former glassworks was established in 1890 and originally made bottles for pharmacists Felton Grimwade before it was sold to the state government by US multinational, OI glass manufacturers A clear glass 4 oz bottle for PURA Creamery Carnegie. . A waxed cardboard disc lid from Devonshire Dairy Hepburn Springs is not related to this bottle but is an example of the typical lid used during this period Bottle : PURA / CREAMERY / CARNEGIE / CONTENTS 4 OZS Base : 120 Lid circumference : DEVONSHIRE DAIRY HEPBURN SPRINGS:/ Lid centre: PURE MILK/ T.B. TESTED COWS / PHONE 223 melbourne glass bottle works, spotswood melbourne, milk, dairy, dairy produce, dairy farmers, market gardeners, pioneers, early settlers, moorabbin, cheltenham, pasteur louis, pasteurization, pura creamery carnegie, devonshire dairy, hepburn springs, waxed paper milk bottle lids, felton grimwade co ltd,

Bridget Bodenham lives and works in her studio in Hepburn Springs, Australia. An Alumni of Federation University Bridget studied TAFE Ceramics under Neville French. Bridget has exhibited extensively both within Australia and overseas, and was a finalist in the Bombay Sapphire Design Discovery Award and received an Honourable Mention in the Mino International Ceramic Award, Japan. The work depicted was commissioned by the National Gallery of Victoria Design Shop.1) Portrait of Bridget Bodenham standing in front of shelves of ceramics in her Hepburn Springs studio. .2) Bridget Bodenham's ceramicsbridget bodenham, ceramics, alumni

Scanned from "Australia, her heritage, her future"A camel train in Central Australia.alice springs

This work was first commissioned by the Melbourne city council as part of a celebration of the opening of the Birrarung Marr park. 25 victorian sculptors were given $2,500.00 to create a work which would be part of the park for about 6 months. Date of manufacture and installation: 2002 'Silent/Listen' was gifted by the artist, Petrus Spronk, to the people of Hepburn Springs in July 2001.Two smooth rectangular engraved granite slabs placed directly on the ground. Each granite stone is engraved on its uppermost surface. The left hand work is engraved with the text - 'silent' and the right hand work is engraved with 'listen'. Unsigned. Dated July 2001 petrus spronk, public art, sculpture, environmental art, hepburn shire public art collection, hepburn shire, listen, silent, hepburn springs mineral reserve, granite

Corporal Hugh Terence O'Reilly VX108560 was born in Temora, NSW on 25 September 1916. He later lived in Hampshire Road, Sunshine, Victoria, and enlisted at Sunshine with the Australian Army on 29 July 1942. He served in New Guinea, and at the time of discharge on 8 November 1945 was posted with the 22 Australian Infantry Battalion. Additional service number recorded is V37790. In civilian life Hugh Terence O'Reilly was employed in the manufacture of fibrous plaster boards.The significance is that the Shire of Braybrook, and perhaps other councils, recognised their citizens who served in the Australian Armed Forces during World War 2, by presenting them with Certificates in appreciation of their military service.Yellowish background. Grey scale diagrammatic image of warships, tank, and aeroplanes at the top. Vertical posts with swords and wreaths along the sides. At the bottom a diagrammatic image containing in colour the Union Jack and the Australian flag, the Shire of Braybrook Coat of Arms, the Australian Commonwealth Military Forces insignia, and a red coloured circular seal.Presented to Hugh T. O'Reilly. The President, Councillors and Ratepayers of the Shire of Braybrook desire you to accept this Certificate in appreciation of your services with the Australian Armed Forces, and extend to you the grateful thanks of this Municipality for your noble effort for King and Country. Given under the Seal of President, Councillors and Ratepayers of the Shire of Braybrook, this second day of August, 1946. J. R. Parsons - President, 'illegible' - Shire Secretary

Due to the number of Swiss/Italians playing in this team, and their love of Bulboar sausage they were known as the garlic munchers.A number of men dressed in the uniform of the Hepburn Football Club. Standing 9th from left is Tom Gervasoni. Standing 5th from right is Jack Sullivan Seated 5th from left is Aquilino (Lino) Tinetti.hepburn football club, tom gervasoni, lino tinetti, jack sullivan

Colour photograph of a sulphur crested cockatoo on a powerline. bird, cockatoo, apple, eating, sulfur crested, sulfer crested cockatoo

Colour photorgraphs of officials at the Hepburn Pool.hepburn pool, hepburn springs, hepburn springs swimming pool, minister hulls, rob hulls, minister for planning, victorian heritage register, victoria's favourite built place

Colour photograph of the hepburn Swimming Pool with Mayor Heather Mutimer addressing the audience. hepburn pool, hepburn springs, hepburn springs swimming pool, minister hulls, rob hulls, minister for planning, victorian heritage register, victoria's favourite built place, heather mutimer

Colour photograph of a frozen window.hepburn, ice, frost, weather

Digital Image of the Yarra River, Melbourne.railway, yarra river, sandridge bridge, pedestrian, transport

Families at the launch of the History of Hepburn by Ferrari. They are descendants of the Ferrari family. The book was edited by Clare Gervasoni and published by Ballarat Heritage Services.Colour photographs of Ferrari descendants at the Ferrari book launchferrari, history of hepburn, clare gervasoni

Digital Photographsvictoria, hepburn springs, samuel johnson, savoia hotel, unicycle, welcoming party, charity, fundraiser, merv keating

Digital Photographsvictoria, hepburn springs, samuel johnson, savoia hotel, unicycle, welcoming party, charity, fundraiser, lisa gervasoni

swiss italian, exhibition, opening, immigration museum

The Blowhole is an artifical diversion tunnel in the Jim Crow Creek made by Chinese miners seeking gold around the 1870s. Ann Gervasoni and Clare Gervasoni stand on the edge of the pool associated with The Blowhole. hepburn, hepburn regional park, blowhole, mining, heritage, chinese

heritage, cricket, bat, boning, cricket willow, shepherds flat, ian tinetti

Gary Lawrence and Clare Gervasoni planningheritage, clare gervasoni, gary lawrence, wine water and stone exhbition, red star cafe, swiss italian

Colour photograph of the silos at Boort, Victoria.boort, silos, lake, boort silos

australian marriage law postal survey, australia post, australian bureau of statistics, hepburn springs, democracy

Colour photograph of Gus Gervasoni wearing his World War Two Service medals. gus gervasoni, aif, world war two, chocco, chocolate soldier, conscript, service medals

Due to the number of Swiss/Italians playing in this team, and their love of Bulboar sausage they were known as the garlic munchers.A number of men dressed in the uniform of the Hepburn Football Club. They are the premiership team for 1938. The footballery standing 5th from the left is Jack O'Sullivan. The Hepburn Football Ground is named after Jack Sullivan's brother - The Laurie Sullivan Reserve. hepburn football club, australian foolball league, jack o'sullivan

Colour photograph of a view looking Towards Mount Franklin, 2020mount franklin, volcano, lalgambook

hepburn mineral springs reserve, locarno, pleasure gardens, social heritage, state significant, landscaping

hepburn mineral springs reserve, locarno, pleasure gardens, social heritage, state significant, landscaping

hepburn mineral springs reserve, locarno, pleasure gardens, social heritage, state significant, landscaping

hepburn mineral springs reserve, locarno, pleasure gardens, social heritage, state significant, landscaping

hepburn mineral springs reserve, locarno, pleasure gardens, social heritage, state significant, landscaping

The crest was painted by Gus's granddaughter, Clare Gervasoni, for his 80th birthday. It is based on one used by the Gervasoni family in Italy three generations previously.Colour photograph of Gus Gervasoni with the Gervasoni crest. It was taken on the occasion of Gus's 80th birthday. gus gervasoni, gervasoni family crest

Colour photograph of the Cohuna Swimming Pool.swimming, pool, sport, pre olympic, cohuna, cohuna swimming pool