Photograph of 36 female administrative staff of the cable tram company (MT&OC), taken in an upper room of the company's head office at 669-675 Bourke Street, Melbourne. From the company's beginning, very few females were employed. The rapid growth in female employees may have coincided with the introduction of typewriters into Melbourne offices after 1900. Yields information about administration of MT&OC Sepia toned black and white photograph glued to cardboard with staff names on rearFemale Staff, Head Office about 1914, MT&O Co. (Only five of the 36 women shown are named. No occupations included.)melbourne tramway and omnibus company, mt&oc, mtoc, cable tram, female staff, typewriter

A cross (x) has been marked above the head of A. Vlassopoulos who was one of the early Ithacan immigrants to Australia. The picture was taken in Calcutta (known as Kolkata since 2001) en route to Australia in 1891. As a British Protectorate, those who left Ithaca in the 19th century generally travelled on British ships, stopping at ports under the control of the British Empire.A black and white posed photograph of a group of men sitting and standing in front of a flag draped across the wall behind the group. The men are dressed in workmen's clothes.On the front of the photograph in Greek: Written across the bottom of the photograph in Greek is the following: Calcutta ( India ) 15 February 1891. A. Vlassopoulos. There is a cross (x) marked above the head of one of the men.india.

This black and white photograph shows Gold Coast surfer Michael Peterson with his surfboard at the Stubbies Surf Classic, Burleigh Heads, March, 1977. Peterson was at the peak of his surfing powers when this photograph was taken. He won the event shortly after this photograph was taken.Although he never won a world championship Michael Peterson was seen by many as the best surfer in the world in the period from 1973 - 1977.Black and white photograph of Michael Peterson wearing boardshorts and holding his surfboard at the Stubbies Surf Classic, Burleigh Heads, March, 1977Nonesurf, 1977

Upper Main Street Stawell. Looking East c1910. On left two story Allingham building behind cart is Commercial Hotel. Oriental Bank. Punchard Furniture. Crown Cross Poppet head visible on Big Hill. The side of the Mechanics Institute visible near centre. H S Dawson Chemist. Clarke & Scott Drapery on right. Same as 6730-1 & 1423Streetscape of upper main street looking east, Crown Cross poppet head at end of street in middle of streetUpper Main Street Stawell.mining, streetscape, businesses

Upper Main Street Stawell. Looking East c1910. On left two story Allingham building behind cart is Commercial Hotel. Oriental Bank. Punchard Furniture. Crown Cross Poppet head visible on Big Hill. The side of the Mechanics Institute visible near centre. H S Dawson Chemist. Clarke & Scott Drapery on right. Same as 6730-1 & 2785View along upper Main Street looking East towards Big Hill. Poppet Head in distance at centre.stawell streetscape, mining

Carlisle Cathedral The Priory near the cathedral was founded in 1122 by King Henry I. There were earlier buildings on the site. Ten years later the priory church became the Cathedral and the Kind created the diocese of Carlisle. The building is constructed of red sandstone. Celebrated architect Ivo de Raughton who lived a few miles south of Carlisle designed the intricate masonry. Many interesting features are recorded about Carlisle Cathedral in tourist brochures and its homepage, however they do not mention the many mason’s marks clearly visible on the stone columns inside the Cathedral. There have been hundreds of marks recorded, some being similar to those on the Yarrowee Channel in Ballarat. Digital photographmonarch's head - wearing a crowncarlisle, cathedral, stonemasons, mason's marks

Copied from original by Merle DerbyshireBlack and white photograph of a section of the North Arm. It shows a person in a small boat on the calm waters, dense natural vegetation on each side of lake. Lakes Entrance VictoriaHead, North Arm, Cunninghame waterways, topography, recreation

Historic - Puffing Billy Railway Locomotive Head Board used in the Celebration of the Last Train to Beech Forest 50th Anniversary Last Train to Beech Forest 30 - 6 1962 G42 ran from Belgrave to Gembrook to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the closure of the Beech Forest Railway. Puffing Billy Railway, Victoria, 30th June, 2012. The Beech Forest line was opened in 1902 and later extended to Crowes. The line was closed in sections with the last section being between Colac and Beech Forest. The last train was hauled by locomotive G 42, which also hauled the re-enactment train in 2012.Historic - Puffing Billy Railway Locomotive Head Board used in the Celebration of the Last Train to Beech Forest 50th Anniversary Last Train to Beech Forest 30 - 6 1962 G 42 ran from Belgrave to Gembrook to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the closure of the Beech Forest Railway. Puffing Billy Railway, Victoria, 30th June, 2012.Wooden - Locomotive Head Board - 50th Anniversary Last Train to Beech Forest Puffing Billy Railway 30- 6 - 2012 50th Anniversary Last Train to Beech Forest puffing billy, head board, last train to beech forest

A hammer is a tool consisting of a weighted "head" fixed to a long handle that is swung to deliver an impact to a small area of an object. This is a small sledgehammer whose relatively light weight and short handle allow single-handed use. It is useful for light demolition work, driving masonry nails, and for use with a steel chisel when cutting stone or metal. Among the early settlers in Moorabbin Shire were blacksmiths who made tools for the other settlers who were establishing the homes, market gardens, farms, orchards and various businesses. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . This hammer is typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900This is a small sledge hammer with a wood handle and double sided round metal headearly settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

The various map extract showed the position of the German Control of Europe at the point of time in 1944 and April 1945 near the end. Was for general issue at a time when Allied Forces were on top moving towards German lines.Yellow faded paper, black writing and b & W photos. 1. Four page extract from Newspaper "The Sun" with centre pages having a detailed map of the European Theatre of War dated 11 April 1945. front and Back pages covering normal news items. 2. Four page extract from "The Sun" newspaper giving a phasing of German control of Europe over period of War and a detailed map of position as at 5th August 1944. Final page lists key dates in the history of the War.1. Map headed "The Crumbling German Empire 1939-45". 2. Maps headed "The War Map".ww2, europe, maps, newspapers

Locomotive Head Board - 50th Anniversary Opening to Emerald used on 6A locomotive To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the re-opening to Emerald, a special train was run from Belgrave carrying distinguished members of the Puffing Billy Preserv ation Society. At Emerald a special event was held in the local RSL, which in addition to celebrating the re-opening also acknowledged the 60th anniversary of the formation of the Puffing Billy Preservation Society, and was used to launch "Saving Puffing Billy, Volume 1" - a beautifully composed book documenting the first ten years of the society's history.Historic - Puffing Billy Railway Locomotive Head Board used on 6A for the Celebrating 50 years of trains running to emerald since the railway was closed.Locomotive Head Board - 50th Anniversary Opening to Emerald Circular steel sheet with vinyl stickers.50th Anniversary 1965 - 2015 Opening to Emeraldpuffing billy, 50th anniversary, head board, emerald

Mining Scene from Big Hill. Open cut in fore ground with support timbers. Whims and poppet heads. Shows back of New Court House in Patrick Street. The flat area in distance is St Georges Crushing Battery settling Dam.Open Cut with supporting timbers in foreground, Various poppet Heads at centre of image. Wimmera Crushing Mill settling dam in distance. Rear of new Court House visiblestawell mining

The Australian Customs Service, Melbourne, donated a set of gauging instruments, and Port Fairy Customs donated another instrument, the Sike’s Hydrometer, to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, all of which were no longer required. However these ullaging tools were in use for many years by Customs officials, called Gaugers. Ullaging is a term describing the measurement of the amount of liquid remaining in a container of spirits such as a cask or barrel. It can also measure the free space or head space remaining. The primary role of customs officers in Victoria was to calculate the tariff or excise duty payable on goods imported into Victoria. (Excise duty is a tax on goods produced within a country, and customs duty is imposed on imports.) Customs officers spent a great deal of their time measuring and weighing goods, and then calculating the amount of duty to be paid by the importer. The tariffs for different products varied, and officers consulted published lists. Calculating the duty payable on a barrel of brandy was a detailed task. The gauger had to measure the barrel to determine its volume. Barrels were irregular in shape, and finding the volume required several measurements and checking tables of figures. Alcoholic content was then measured with a hydrometer. The duty paid varied according to the alcoholic strength of the spirits. Uniform national customs and excise duties were operative in Australia from October 1901. These tools were still being used in Australia in the 1950’s. The Federal Government still imposes excise taxes on goods such as cigarettes, petrol, and alcohol. The rates imposed may change in February and August each year in response to changes in the consumer price index. ULLAGING TOOLS (1) Head Rod - this instrument measures the diameter of the heads (top and bottom ends) of a cask or barrel. The shaped brass pieces on the head rod enable the diameter of a barrel to be measured inside the chimes at the head end. The slide rule could then be used to calculate the internal volume of the barrel. On the reverse side is a set of ullaging scales, used like those on any ullaging rule, to calculate the volume of liquid in a partially filled barrel. (2) Bung Rod – this instrument measures the diameter of a cask or barrel when it is lying on its side. It is a rod that fits into the ‘bung’ hole of a cask and is long enough be extended to reach the opposite side of the cask. The brass sliding pointer can be moved to mark the ‘wet’ line. When the rod is removed the bung measurement can be read from the scale on the rod. (3) Long Calipers - this instrument measures the length of the cask between the heads. It has two rules sliding beside each other, each end having another piece of wood fixed firmly at right angles downwards then turned inwards at the ends so as to reach over the heads of the casks without touching the projecting ends. The centre pieces enable it to extend or contract, changing the distance between the two other parallel sides, the distance they are apart being shown by the rule on the sliding pieces. (4) Cross Calipers – this instrument is used to take the bung diameters of casks, or "the Cross " as it is called. This instrument has two rules sliding beside each other, each end having another piece of wood fixed firmly at right angles downwards, together forming a 3 sides of a rectangle with the centre pieces enabling it to extended or contracted, changing the distance between the two other parallel sides, the distance they are apart being shown by a the rule on the sliding pieces. (5) Sike’s Hydrometer – this instrument is used to gauge the strength of different alcoholic spirits when fitted with the different weights in the set. Every set is individually calibrated to ensure that it meets the exact Standard Weight and Measure compliance, then every piece in that set is stamped with the same number by the Calibrator, to ensure that the measurements are taken using the same hydrometer set. [References: A Handbook of Practical Gauging, Janes Boddely Keene of H.M. Customs, 1861, F. Pitman, London; Customs Act, Volume 2, No. 1, April 1999; Old Customs House website ] Head Rod, ullaging gauge. Long wooden rod made of three joined sections, brass hook on end, sliding centre section with hook, measurements marked along each section as on a slide rule. Used for measuring diameter of heads of casks in order for Customs to calculate excise (tax) on the contentsflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, head rod, gauging rod, ullaging rods, measuring instruments, customs tax

This book was presented to William Fry for a full year's attendance at the Garibaldi State School (No. 2013) in 1931. The head teacher was J. Gardiner. The book 'Our Secret Society' is written by W Dingwall Fordyce, a Scottish politician and author.Olive green cloth-bound hard cover black drawing of a boy with a dog, next to a window. Book presented as an Attendance Prize to William Fry at Garibaldi School, 1931.Bookplate inside cover reads: Attendance Prize, SS 2173 Garibaldi. Donated by School Committee, Awarded to William Fry. For full year's attendance 1931. Head Teacher, J I ? Gardinerschools, garibaldi, education

The subject item is a vintage Nautical Shipwrights Ship Boat Caulking Hammer Mallet, Unusual Small Size. These mallets were routinely used in the 1800s when ships were made of wood. This mallet was used with caulking irons to drive the oakum (caulk) between the ship's bottom planking to seal them up. The mallet has slots to dampen the vibration of the mallet blows on the user's elbows. The head is made of a very hard wood, possibly Lignum Vitae or another dark tropical wood. The item seems to be of a very early design with the two preened-over metal rods for reinforcing the head. Item appears to be of early manufacture by an unknown maker from the mid to late 19th century and is significant as tools of this era are quite rare. This tool is also significant as it gives an insight into how ships made of wooden planks were made sea-worthy by inserting caulking material between the boards thereby making the vessel watertight. Caulking Mallet Wooden with iron ferrules on each end. Wooden head with two large bolts passing through body. Stamped W Milne. James S Steele tool box.Stamped W Milne & James S Steele tool box.mallet, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, caulking mallet, caulking, james steele, shipwrights tools

Char-A-Banc belonging to Withers Bus Tours later Pioneer Tours and group of people in front of Sloane's & Scotchman Mining Co Poppet Head upper Main Street Stawell. Withers Tours, later named Pioneer Tours ran regular tourist buses from Melbourne to Stawell and Halls Gap area in a successful business. They later expanded to Sydney and other interstate destinations. Founder was W.A. Withers born at Moyston and became a successful businessman in Melbourne.Early 1920's open bus with a group or people (tourists) in front of Poppet Head and shaft of Sloane & Scotchmans Mine.mining, transport, tourism

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head, 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987'.

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987'.

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987'.

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987.'

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987.'

Catalogue card reads, 'Council Ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head, 1987'.

Catalogue card reads, 'Council ceremonies. Unveiling stone at Poppet Head 1985 and then opening of Poppet Head 1987.'

Hames are attached to a horse collar used to distribute the load around a horse's neck and shoulders when pulling a wagon or plough. The collar often supports and pads a pair of curved metal or wood pieces, called hames, to which the traces, which attach to the wagon or plough, of the harness are attached. The collar allows the horse to use its full strength when pulling. This pair of hames would have been used on a farm in the Orbost district.Horses were a vital part of the agricultural industry in Orbost before the mechanisation of farm machinery. This item is associated with that time.A pair of hames, joined together by a metal chain. Iron has been cased over wood to form the hames. Each has a hook attached and a ring.WARRANTED picture of bull's head FORGEDsaddlery equestrian agriculture horses hames

Sepia photograph of a woman with a parasol, standing on a grassy area above a wide bay with a headland in the distance.Kitty Millers Bay and Helen’s Headphotographs, kitty miller bay phillip island, helen’s head, phillip island

Coxhead Tools Pullers Historic - Industrial - Advertising Sign - Coxhead toolsSign - Advertising - Coxhead Tools Pullers made of paint on sheet metalTools Coxhead Pullers The Head of Qualitycoxhead tools pullers, puffing billy, sign - advertising - coxhead tools pullers