Chert is a sedimentary rock composed of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz. While usually biological in origin, chert may also occur as a chemical precipitate or a diagenetic replacement--the product of petrified trees. Chert, also known as flint, was a common tool for early peoples during the stone age. It forms in limestone and chalk sediments as silicon dioxide microcrystals which grow into nodules of chert. Chert is found in many mines across the Northern Territory, however this specimen is sourced from the Mount Todd gold mine in Katherine. Its use in weaponry, both during the Stone Age and during the 18th century. Chert produces a spark when struck against steel, meaning t hat it can be used to start fires and fire guns. Chert was thus used in flintlock firearms, in which the gunpowder is ignited by a flint hammer striking a steel plate. Chert was commonly used in the Stone Age as a result of conchoidal fracturing causing very sharp edges, allowing early peoples to fashion weapons and cutting tools. It also rates a 7 on the Mohs Scale, making it a very hard and durable stone that maintains its sharpness. As a result, the significance of chert as a signifier of early indigenous Australian life makes this specimen important. It is also known that chert is a valuable mineral that was used as a trading commodity. Chert has also been valuable during the 1700s, proving itself to a be an important historical specimen in matters of war. A solid silicon dioxide mineral in shades of brown, white, and beigeburke museum, northern territory, chert, flint, minerals, geological specimen, katherine, mount todd gold mine, katherine northern territory

Long oblong brown glazed tile with gumnut and leaves pattern.1503ceramics, earthenware

The book belonged to Mrs Bessie Neil, a daughter of Mr and Mrs William McKenzie who came from Scotland, possibly in the 1860s, and were employed at Glenample station, near Port Campbell. In about 1905, the Neills moved to South Africa, and the cookery book went with them. Recently Mrs Roger Pearce, formerly Lorraine Snell, who is married to a great grandson of Bessie Neill, thought it fitting that the book should be returned to this locality, and sent it to her mother, Mrs Mary Snell. Wool Wool Cookery Book Publisher F W Cheshire Printed in Camperdown by the Camperdown Chronicle 1903 inside cover has hand writting Bessie Keill, "Merkeering" (W), 27 Browning Street, Moonee Ponds. March 16th 04 flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, wool wool cookery book, book, glenample homestead

Dior-inspired suit jacket. Unlined. Six cloth buttons with bound button holes. Inside hip pads. Label, woven brown on cream acetate, centre back neck: "Ponce De Leon". Handwritten on label in black pen: "43 LANDELS".jacket, 1940s, rosalind landells

Item in the collection relating to John Eric Wiles, refer Cat No 5410P for his service details.Book hard cover brown buckram, paper dust jacket with brown over red with “The Fiery Phoenix” at the top in the brown stripe, 442 pages plus other, photos, maps, nominal roll, honours and awards lists of POW’s, KIA & WIA. Written by W. P. Bolger & J.G. Little wood.On inside cover on typed paper stuck in, “J.E. Wiles 2/7th INF BN VX16067”books, 2/7th, unit, wiles

This sports coat was made at a Fletcher Jones factory about the 1970s. David Fletcher Jones (1895-1977) served in World War One and in the 1920s set up as a travelling hawker selling drapery in Western Victoria. In 1924 he leased three shops in Liebig Street, Warrnambool and in 1928 opened his Man's Shop at the intersection of Koroit/Liebig Streets. He manufactured men's clothing on site in a new building erected in 1931. In 1946 a Fletcher Jones shop was opened in Melbourne and in 1948 a factory was established in Warrnambool with a new company Fletcher Jones and Staff established in 1951.This company then operated in other States and known Australia-wide firstly for its production of men's trousers and later for men's and women's clothing. By 2011 the Warrnambool factory was closed and the company dissolved. This coat was bought by Lew Officer, a member of a family with pastoral interests in the Western District.This item is of considerable historical interest as an example of the high quality work produced by the Fletcher Jones and Staff Clothing Stores. This company was a key industry in Warrnambool in the 20th centuryThis is a man's sports coat made of Harris tweed hand woven in the Outer Hebrides made from Scottish-grown wool. The checked material is in brown tonings. The coat has a brown material lining and there are two brown buttons down the front and two on each sleeve. The collar has a grey felt lining.fletcher jones clothing stores, warrnambool, harris tweed jacket, lew officer

A class photo of a group of young legatees at a gymnastics class in Malvern. There are 43 boys, of various ages, in gymnastics gear. Legacy clubs ran classes for junior legatees for many years. It was part of providing for the children of their deceased comrades. The skills they learned were show cased in an annual demonstration usually at the Melbourne Town Hall. It appears to be photo taken professionally, as there are several photos of different classes (see 00862 - 00867) perhaps to record Legacy classes for promotion purposes. The photo featured in the September 1953 Newsletter. Backrow: Garry Burns, Merv Nelson, Denys Nelson, Ted Soutar, Peter Grenfell, Don McKneil, Frank Batty, Ross Moloney, Don McKean. 2nd row: John Kerlie, Ian Cameron, Dick Farnback, Norm Brown, John Farnbach, Ian Grainger, Graeme Pocknee, Frank Rutledge, Fred Strong. 3rd row: Graham Thorp, Norm Wright, Brian Scarlett, Ron Wilson, John Wright, George Brown, Alec Addison, Geroge Thorpe, Harold Boyes, 4th Row: Andrew Tonkin, Edward Pocknee, William L Brown, Max Hamilton, Ken Jacka, Don Walker, Clliff McAliece, John Brown, John Buckle. Front row: Geoff Strogeon, Richard Bowman, Dick Payne, David Triff, Ken Dean, John Clarke, Willliam Brown.A record of a way Legacy provided classes for junior legatees.Black and white photo of Legacy boys posing for a class photo.Printed on the back 'Malvern'. Stamped 'R5332/1--' and '531' in blue ink. Handwritten 'P4 Legacy' in blue pen and 'Same size' in pencil.junior legatee, boys' classes, malvern

The Eurasian Jay is a small passerine bird occurring in Europe, northern Africa, and Asia. There are very distinct variations between the species of the Jay which assists in their identification. These birds inhabit mixed woodland, parks, orchards, and large gardens. They are generally solitary but can gather in large communal roosts during periods of cold weather. Eurasian Jays are known for their mimicry. They can often sound like a different species and during the day may mimic the birds they are attacking in order to confuse their opposition. This particular specimen has been mounted in an accurate but stylised fashion. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.The Eurasian Jay, as depicted in this specimen, has distinctive blue, white and dark brown stipes at the top of the wing. The body and head are light brown with a reddish undertone and there are streaks of dark brown at top the head. The tail, bottom of the wings and underneath the eyes are dark brown. This particular specimen stands upon a wooden mount and has an identification tag tied around its leg. It has pale coloured glass eyes which are accurate for this species.Swing Tag: [illegible] / to Sydney - N =99taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, bird, jay, eurasian jay, europe, european birds, blue stripes

The Warrnambool Examiner was founded by John Wilkinson and Richard Osburne in 1851. After a gap pf a couple of years Richard Osburne resumed publication in October 1853 and continued until 1867. William Fairfax and Henry Laurie then leased the paper (1867 to 1872) before Richard Osburne again became the proprietor from October 1872 to April 1878 and from December 1879 to December 1880 when publication ceased. Richard Osburne was a pioneer settler in Warrnambool, arriving in 1847. He was prominent in community activities in the town and was a most important early historian, publishing his seminal work, ‘The History of Warrnambool’ in 1887, using the Warrnambool Examiner newspapers to assist with this history. Fairfax and Laurie were the proprietors when the papers described herein were printed. William Fairfax was a member of the Fairfax family which was, and still is, associated with the publication of many Australian newspapers. Henry Laurie later became well-known as a Melbourne University Philosophy Professor.These original newspapers are most important because they contain much information on Warrnambool’s early history and are a primary source for historians. These papers are also of importance because some parts of these papers were not filmed and are not currently available on microfilm. These papers were in a Warrnanbool City Council storage area and it is surmised that they may have come from the old Warrnambool Museum which no longer exists. These are original Warrnambool Examiner newspapers from 4th January 1870 to 30th September 1870. There are two complete sets, one bound with a green/yellow/brown cardboard cover, with brown binding and the pages glued together and the other with a brown and blue cover with the same brown binding and glued pages. The papers are broadsheets of two pages printed back to back. Both sets contain an Almanac for 1870 and all pages are unmarked and in good condition.warrnambool examiner, richard osburne, william fairfax, henry laurie

Main St. looking West from Doyle Lane. Playford on corner, Whiteside & Co Taylors, Carters Boot Shop. Railway train carriages in distance, Coffee Palace formerly Castlemaine Hotel in distance about centre of photo. Taken c. 1878. , From right of photo T. Brown & Co Timber & Iron Yard, T Brown's Furniture Warehouse, Cambrian Hall, Herbert,s Photographic Studio and Stawell Post Office.Victorian Views. C. Herbert, Photo. Stawell 1878stawell business streetscape

"DINKIE DI DIGGERS/ AT HOME AND ABROAD/ COMPILED BY TWO ONE-LEGGED ANZACS" THIS BOOKLET BIOGRAPHY - FROM THE "FOREWORD". "THE SKETCHES ARE A TRUE PORTRAYAL OF LIFE IN/ THE TRENCHES, STRIPPED OF ALL GLOSS AND GLAMOUR, AND DEPICTS/ THE BRIGHTER AND MORE HUMAN SIDE OF A SOLDIER'S LIFE".Booklet. Cover - heavy guage paper, light brown colour, dark blue print and illustration on front cover. 32 pages - cut, plain, light brown colour. No illustrations. WW1.booklets, biography, ww1, anzacs

Made from selection of butterfly wings and cellophane from cigarette packets during WW2 on islands near Australia.Wooden frame, green felt lining, glass top contains; 1. Belt, shades of brown, cream hat shaped shell ends. 2. Belt, orange and cream, brown ends.souvenir, belts, framed item

Brown felt square fabric with picture of palm tree, 2 butterflies, 2 birds sitting on tree branch in green, yellow, brown, pink, blue, red, orange fabric paint. “Greetings / from / Fighting Forces / in New Guinea 1944-5”, printed in yellow fabric paint.military history - souvenirs, manchester-fabric, new guinea

Dark brown hard cover with dark brown dust jacket. Picture on front of dust jacket of group of soldiers crossing a fast flowing river. 432 pages. Lex McAuley, Author.Written on title page: Donated by Len Bucher family.books, miltary, history

Book, hard cover, paper brown. Dust cover cream & brown, photograph of soldier playing bugle. Title in black print. 225 cut pages, illustrated & black & white photographs.Victorian Association of Jewish Ex-Servicemen and Women (VAJEX) Dear Bill, in appreciation of your address to VAJEX Remembrance Night Dinner 20.11.94, Sol Rose, President. Walter Jona, Patron & President (Past) Dinner Chairman.books, military, history, jewry

This photos shows Shire President R.T.White (J.P.) and councilors /staff H.J.Wheeler,J.P.Slattery,(J.P.),S.G.Spittle,M.J.Ryan,(J.P.),D.Baird,(J.P.),J.C.Walton,R.W.Crosthwaite,(J.P.),Mr A Graham,(Pres.Cor.),A.Pickford,W.A.Rain,(Secretary and Engineer, and W. Powell for the Presidential year 1942-43.Original Historic Photo of all Councilors and Staff for the year 1942-43.Sepia photo in dark brown frame and brown mount,with shaped white mount around central photo of Shire President R.T.White(rectangular),depicts all councilors for the year 1942-43.Presented to the Ballarat Shire Council by Couincilor R.T.White,(J.P.).President 1942-1943.president, white, r t j p, ballarat shire council 1942 1943

Oswald Joseph Moore Coghlan was elected to Ballarat Shire Council in 1914 serving until 1932. he served two terms as Shire President,1919-20 and 1928-29.Original Historic Photo.Photo is sepia in colour, in a narrow brown wooden frame ,with brown mount, gold edges the photo. It is of Councilor Oswald Joseph Moore Coghlan,he was on council in 1919-20 and 1928-29.Councilor Oswald Joseph Moore Coghlan,Ballarat Shire. Shire President 1919-1920,1928-1929.ballarat shire council, coghlan oswald joseph moore, 1914 32

Councilor R.L.Medwell was elected as a member of council in 1910 until 1919.He served one term as Shire President in 1917-18.He died on May 2nd 1919. Original Historic Photo.This photo is of Councilor R.L.Medwell,1917-18.Sepia colour,rectangular,in wide plain brown wooden frame with gold trim on inside of frame.Mount is a lighter brown and at the base is a inscribed gold plaque.Late Councilor R.L.Medwell,J.P.President Ballarat Shire Council 1917-18.Died May 2nd 1919.ballarat shire council, medwell r j jp president 1917 18

J T Brown General Broker , 15 Queen St Melbourne notepaper dated 22nd Dec 1892. Re kindly give bearer dividend signed J T Brownbendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery

Hardcover dark brown book with a lighter brown spine. Castlemaine and district Church property reports 1870 - 1880. The book has 382 pages but only filled up to page 64.church, history, uniting church forest street

RAILWAYS COLLECTION - STATE ELECTRICITY COMMISSION OF VICTORIA. Electric Tramways By-law No1 small light brown book H.E.Daw, Government printer, Melbourne light brown cover - back missing.H.E.Daw , Government printertramways

Wooden plaque in shape of shield brass plate attached green gold red & brown AATTV on top brown cross underneath & the word Persevere (Australian Army Training Team Vietnam)plaque, aattv

Cypriot Bichrome Ware from Cypro-Geometric PeriodThe interior with two brown concentric bands, the rim and pierced lug handles painted to the exterior, with two sets of brown bands and a broad red band at foot, the base with concentric circles and band. cypriot

A wool rug with a hessian backing. It has a red and white striped pattern in the middle, with brown triangular shapes at the sides. There are brown and white stripes yellow flowers and green leaves around the edges.rugs, floor rugs, textiles, household textiles