Showing 485 items matching "pleating"
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Brighton Historical Society
Skirt, late-nineteenth century & 1950s
This skirt belonged to Olga Black, a long-time Brighton resident. The linen used for the skirt were woven by Olga's great-grandmother Efstathia in the late-nineteenth century with flax grown on the island of Ithaca. In the 1950s, Olga made the fabric into a skirt, embellishing it with hand embroidery. Olga Maria Black was born in Melbourne in 1930, the daughter of Ithacan migrants Constantine and Toula Mavrokefalos. Constantine first emigrated to Australia in 1902, returning to Greece circa 1912-13 to serve his home country in the Balkan Wars. Toula's family had left Ithaca for Romania when she was only six months old, but she happened to be visiting the island at the very time that Constantine arrived, fresh from the war. Within three weeks they were married, and when Constantine returned to Melbourne in 1914 his new bride came with him. Constantine had trained as an accountant, but his qualifications were not recognised in Australia. Changing his surname to the Anglicised "Black", he started off working in his older brother Dionysios's cafés before going into business on his own. In 1917 he opened the Paris Residential Café at 54-56 Swanston Street, which offered both dining and accommodation. The business saw some years of success, but did not survive the Great Depression. Constantine died in 1944. Olga's mother Toula learned to sew as a child, while growing up in the Romanian village of Brila. She developed her skills making lace and embroidering items for her trousseau. Some of the linen she embroidered had been woven from flax on Ithaca by her own grandmother, Efstathia. During the Depression, when money was scarce, Toula embroidered at home, doing work for a factory in Flinders Lane. Using a cotton reel, a threepence and a sixpence she created and embroidered designs on hundreds of blouses. Olga spent her preschool days sitting at the table where her mother worked. Toula would involve Olga by allowing her to help choose the colour combinations. Toula lived with Olga in Brighton until her death in 1976. Olga inherited her mother's sewing skills. She re-invented some of Toula’s trousseau nightdresses and skilfully altered other clothing, making dresses which she wore around Brighton for many years.Ankle-length full cream linen skirt with multi-coloured cross stitch embroidery featuring mountains, birds and trees. Fullness is pleated into wide waist band. Left side opening. The fabric widths have been whipped together by hand probably at the time the cloth was woven in the late-nineteenth century. The skirt is machine stitched.skirt, linen, hand woven, embroidery, ithaca, migration, greek diaspora, olga black -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Uniform - Jacket, Australian Military Chaplain, c1942
This military jacket is an Australian military Chaplain's jacket. It has three 'pips' on the epaulets. The four-sided "star" or "pip" has been used to designate officer rank in the British and Australian armies for many years and is a stylized version of the very elaborate star of the Knight Grand Cross of the military division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, one of Great Britain's four senior orders of knighthood. The original badge contains the motto "Tria Juncta in Uno", which means "Three Joined in One", and refers to the union of the three kingdoms of the British Isles (England/Wales, Scotland and Ireland). https://corregidor.org/acgq/web_redirect_3628.3645.8883/forum_pages/omh_1104.htmlBlack wool belted jacket with four Australian Military Forces brass buttons and pleated breast pockets and front pockets. The jacket has epaulets with three pips, or rank insignia, and an Australian Military Forces button. The belt has a brass buckle and has leather tabs at the back which are buttoned to a fabric carrier to keep the belt in place. -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Clothing - Petticoat of a Christening Gown
In the early 19th century, infant baptismal gowns were modelled on dresses worn by adult women. Gowns were typically made of fine white linen or cotton, and often trimmed with tucks, lace, whitework embroidery, and other handwork. The Kew Historical Society's collection includes over fifteen christening gowns dating from the 19th and 20th centuries.Simple fine, white cotton petticoat used underneath an outer christening gown. The petticoat uses the same silhouette as the gown. The sleeveless bodice is held up by shoestring straps at the shoulder. Gathered fabric at the waist creates volume as an undergarment. Six bands of decorative horizontal pleating are used in the lowest section of the skirt as well as a scalloped hem.christening gowns, ceremonial clothing, children's wear, baptismal clothing, victorian historical themes — 8.6 marking the phases of life -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Clothing - Satin Wedding Dress, 1952
Wedding dress made for Margaret Coleman of 135 Belford Road, Kew, who married Murray Turnbull of 21 Molesworth Street, Kew, at St Andrew’s, Gardiner in October 1952.White silk satin wedding dress made by Buckley & Nunn of Collins Street Melbourne. The dress has long sleeves and a v-neck bordered by wide lapels. The bodice is buttoned to the waist with buttons covered in the same fabric as the gown. The skirt drops from the waist with gentle pleating at the front. The skirt features a very long and wide train."Fabric exclusive to Buckley & Nunn"fashion and design -- 1950s, wedding dresses -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Uniform - Jacket Army, c1939
World War 2 Army uniform jacket worn by Captain Noel WestWorld War 2Army khaki tunic with cotton lining, sleeves have striped lining. Tunichas 2top pleated pockets with pointed flaps. Two more large expanding pockets with on bottom,4 buttons with Australia map and Aust Military Forces on front with one each on pocket. Shoulder strap has pips. One Australia badge and one AMF button on each side. Lapels have a rising sun badge on each lapel. Back has one pleat on bottom of jacket. Belt has rectangle buckle with 2bottom waist adjusters. Sleeve has a vee shape on cuff. Right sleeve has 2 vee stripes (long service) In pocket envelope with piece of ribbon from 1939/1945 Star, Pacific Star, and efficiency medalcostume, male uniform, military -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - BLACK SYNTHETIC SILK DRESS
BHS CollectionLong sleeved full length dress of black synthetic silk fabric. Fabric has silken feel with a smooth satin like backing. Front has U shaped neckline with panel of cream silk lace extending from shoulder to below neckline(28cm). Back neckline faced with lace fabric. Front and back have a narrow central panel(16cm) of fabric extending from shoulders to hemline. The panels are extended at the waistline to join the front and back with loose tabs.The centre panel on the front bodice is edged with a finely pleated frill of synthetic fabric. The centre panels at front and back are also edged with finely pleated frills, from 42cms above hemline to the hem. The bodice is completed with side panels attached to the centre panel The skirt is completed with side panels attached to the centre panels. Set in sleeves have a squared extension that extends to the elbow. From the elbow the sleeves taper to narrow fitting at the wrist. The upper seam of the sleeves from the elbow to the wrist are edged with a finely pleated frill of synthetic fabric. The upper seam of each sleeve from elbow to wrist have fifteen decorative back and gold buttons stitched along the lower edge of the frill. Dress is unlinedcostume, female, black synthetic silk dress -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Clothing - Skirt, before April 1874
THE SKIRT The skirt has a gentle, soft, feminine design which keeps it in good shape and condition, preserving it from soiling and prolonging its life: - the satin fabric is softly pleated at the waist and falls gently to almost floor length - the opening is concealed at the back within one of the folds and closes with hooks and eyes underneath the bow at the back of the jacket - the horizontal stitching at the base of the skirt joins the lining to the skirt, and the firmness it creates allows it to gently flare out at the base without the need of hooped petticoats - a removable fabric lining at the hem protects the front and back of the skirt from friction and soiling from the wearer’s footwear THE SKIRT This evening outfit is significant for its connection with colonial Australia, Victoria and Warrnambool. It is a fine example of female fashion of the mid to late 1900s. The outfit is significant for its connection with a wedding uniting two colonial families from Northern Ireland who immigrated to Australia in the mid-1850s. The families had a significant role in the history of Warrnambool and district. The outfit is significant too for connecting the colonial families to the indigenous culture of the district and the contact between the native and European people. The lined, floor-length, amber satin skirt has gentle folds that gather into a fitted waistband. One of the folds at the back conceals the opening of the skirt that fastens using metal hooks and eyes. The bow at the back of the jacket covers the top of the closure. There are metal hooks distributed around the top of the waistband. The skirt is stitched horizontally around the hem in several rows. There is a removable fabric lining at the base of the skirt.evening skirt, ladies 1h century skirt, satin skirt, antique satin skirt -
Orbost & District Historical Society
uniform
The sport had its origins during the Depression of the 1930s when teams were formed to keep young women fit and healthy. The sport became more organised during the 1940s with a system of scoring developed to ensure teams could compete against one another. Points were deducted for lack of precisions, dressing, movement and length of pace. At its peak marching competitions drew large crowds of spectators. Teams marched not only in competitions but also frequently appeared in parades and social occasions. Jim Trewin trained Orbost's Marching Girls' team, the Waratahs, and served as vice president of the East Gippsland Marching Girls' zone. His wife, Doris, acted as chaperon Together with a trophy, a chaperone's blazer and photos this uniform forms part of the history of the Orbost Marching Girls group.An Orbost Marching Girls' uniform It has a white pleated skirt, a long-sleeved white blouse and a red velvet vest with 6 gold buttons. There is a badge on the left shoulder. A red ribbon is attached to the blouse as a bow tie. On the vest shoulders are white tabs with gold buttons. The skirt and blouse are made of cotton. A pair of short white gloves are included.On badge- Victorian Girls Marching Associationuniform marching-girls leisure clubs recreation -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Clothing - Child's Dress, 1910's
This child's white linen day dress was worn by Robert Barnard, son of Mrs W N Barnard of Portland, when he was a young child.This child's dress is representative of child's fashion of the 1910s.Child's white linen day dress; hand-sewn dress with pleated skirt, short sleeves and a plain bodice. The neckline and sleeves have a rick-rack braid and crochet trim. The back closure has four buttons, a hook closure and a short back seam. c. 1910. Worn by Robert Barnard son of Mrs W N Barnard of Portland. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, robert barnard, mrs w.n. barnard, w.n. barnard of portland victoria, child’s dress 1910’s, 1910, child's dress -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - WAIST APRON
White fine cotton lawn waist apron. Pentagon shaped bib with spoke stitched hems on four sides. Waistband with ties attached, Skirt has two pleats on each side. Spoke stitched hems on sides and lower edge. Lower edge has spoke stitched detailing of two rectangular shapes, and a centre peak. Old box 160.costume accessories, female, waist apron. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF A LADY AND BABY
Small portrait of a lady and a baby. The lady is seated on a chair and holding the baby on her knee. She is wearing a long dress with a pleated hemline and a frill at the shoulder. The dress has a high neckline with a short lace collar. The baby is wearing a longish dress and shoes. Photographer's name and address printed on the back and front (in gold with a gold border around the photo).Johnstone, O'Shannessy & Co., 3 Bourke St. East, Melbournephotograph, portrait, lady & child, portrait of a lady and baby, johnstone o'shannessy & co. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - AILEEN AND JOHN ELLISON COLLECTION: WEDDING HORSE SHOE, 1960's
Cardboard or plastic horse shoe shape wrapped in white satin ribbon. The face of the horse shoe is covered in pleated two - edged cotton lace 3 cm wide. A small silk flower, with stamen at the centre trims the lower edge of the horse shoe. A silk ribbon bow sits at the top of the horse shoe, with a 17 cm long wrist loop.wedding, accessories, wedding horse shoe -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - Bridesmaid Dress, 1950
Dress first worn at wedding of Miss Margery Rudd and then in 1973 for the wedding of Miss Sharlene Barry (now Draeger)1950's claret crushed velvet floor length dress with cream lace around the high square neckline and around cuffs on long sleeves. 25 velvet covered buttons down back. Waist comes to a point at back with inverted pleat falling from point at back waist line. Sash is separated with press stud fastening and a bow effect.costume, female ceremonial -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Clothing - Christening Gown
In the early 19th century, infant baptismal gowns were modelled on dresses worn by adult women. Gowns were typically made of fine white linen or cotton, and often trimmed with tucks, lace, whitework embroidery, and other handwork. The Kew Historical Society's collection includes over fifteen christening gowns dating from the 19th and 20th centuries.Long, white cotton christening gown. The bodice includes a number of pieces of lace, most notably a panel of broderie anglais at the centre of the bodice. Bands of lace are also used at the neck and on the sleeves. The skirt is gathered below the waist allowing the fabric to form folds.The lower section of the skirt five pleated bands and a hem also created from broderie anglais.christening gowns, ceremonial clothing, children's wear, baptismal clothing, victorian historical themes — 8.6 marking the phases of life -
Brighton Historical Society
Clothing - Dress, Day dress, circa 1820
This dress, which was made around 1820, was passed down through five generations of a single family before its donation to Brighton Historical Society in 2007. It originally belonged to a great-grandmother of Margaret Reynolds (1881-1958) of Hertfordshire, England, who herself came into possession of the dress around the early twentieth century. Having no daughters of her own, in 1945 the 64-year-old Margaret sent the dress as a Christmas gift to her niece, Margaret Willoughby Reynolds (1907-1996). In the letter accompanying the parcel, donated to the Society with the dress, the elder Margaret writes that she loves the dress very much but has now outgrown it. She makes reference to her own mother Mary Reynolds (nee Lloyd)'s pleasure at seeing the dress worn, indicating that it may originally have belonged to one of Mary's grandparents. She had two requests of her niece: first, that the younger Margaret wear the dress on Christmas Eve as a treat for her Mary (the letter includes styling advice on how the dress should be worn and accessorised), and second, that she one day pass the dress on to her own daughter or niece. In March 1968, the younger Margaret gifted the dress to her Australian-born niece, Dorothy May England (nee Reynolds, 1924-2013), along with a letter of her own. Dorothy, a Bayside resident, donated the dress and both letters to the Society in 2007. The letters paint a picture of the significance of the dress within the Reynolds family and its journey from England to Australia.A white, mauve, purple, red, and green paisley / floral printed cotton day dress from circa 1820. The day dress features a wide scooped neckline, with a dropped shoulder line. At the head of the sleeve is has three lines of gathering creating a narrow arm hole around the shoulder, flaring out into a leg of mutton sleeve. The sleeve finishes neatly at the wrist with a cuff that secures with two brass hook and eye closures. The dress bodice is open at the centre front and secures with six hook and eye closures to the empire line waist. Over the breast on either side of the opening are six diagonal pleats, pressed and secured facing towards the neck. This pleated detail is on a facing that extends from shoulder to shoulder and finishes with a bound edge. The remainder of the front bodice is plain and secures to the skirt at the empire waistline. The skirt pleats onto a binding, wrapping around the torso and securing to the bodice with eight hook closures. At approximately knee, height the skirt has an additional gathered flounce with the dress finishing at approximately ankle length. From the back, the bodice is plain and the skirt is gathered and sewn to the bodice at Empire line. Alterations to the garment have been made with the addition of hooks and eyes. The garment is generally in good condition although the skirt at the front shows evidence of damage and subsequent repair.day dress, 1820s, migration, dorothy may england, margaret willoughby reynolds, margaret reynolds -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Dress - Aqua Silk, c 1960's
This dress was typical of those worn on 'after 5' special occasions to: dinner dances, weddings, balls. There were many such functions at Mt Beauty and the Kiewa Valley eg. the Hospital Ball.This dress was worn (and possibly made) by Margaret Mc Kendrick (nee Vyner) who lived in Tawonga when growing up. She married Ian Mc Kendrick and they lived in Mt Beauty. She worked as a nurse at the Tawonga & District hospital. Ian worked at the Mt Beauty Post Office. They had 3 children.Aqua silk long (full length) sleeveless dress. Sequined with beads individually hand sewn. Princess line. Zip full length at the back. A couple of pleats at the front and back. 'A' line skirt. Accompanied by a guipure lace short jacket with three quarter sleeves, lined with the same silk as the dress. Scalloped at the bottom of the jacket. Covered button at the top of the back with a loop.'after 5' dress; margaret mckendrick; tawonga; ladies' clothing -
Orbost & District Historical Society
night dress, Cowell, Alice, c. 1913
This garment was made by Edith (?) Cowell (Mrs Jim Richardson, nee Cowell) and has been donated by her daughter Esma Richardson.This item is an example of the needlework skills of women in the early 20th century.A full length white cotton night-dress with long sleeves. It has lace around the shoulders and across the chest, broderie anglais collar and cuffs. A ribbon is threaded through the lace at the neckline and cuffs. The bodice also has small pleats or pin-tucks at the front and clear buttons. Pinned to the left shoulder is a blue certificate indicating from the Bombala Exhibition Society of 1913.The certificate from the Bombala Exhibition Society indicates that Alice Cowell won first prize in the 1913 show for having made this night-dress.night-dress bombala-exhibition female-clothing -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - DRESS
Cream silk fabric dress with floral pattern of pink flowers and green leaves,Short set in sleeves, gathered at the top edge of hem. Round neckline with box pleat at centre front (9cm) with folded inserts on either side of centre seam front and back. Side zipper fastener (23cm). Fabric belt at waist secured by two cotton loops at side seams.costume, female, dress -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF A LADY
Cabinet portrait of a lady standing beside a pedestal with a vase on it. Her hands are resting on the pedestal. There is small wooden pedestal with a vase on it behind her. She is wearing a long dress with a high neckline with gathers, beads, frill and pleats on the skirt. Parts of the photo have been coloured. The card has gold printing and border. On the back is the photographer's name and address with pattern work and leaves.N. White, Mitchell St., Sandhurst, opposite St. Paul's Tower.photograph, portrait, female, portrait of a lady, n white -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - FOSTER AND WILSON COLLECTION: PHOTOGRAPH
Sepia photograph of a lady. She is wearing a long, dark dress with a bustle. The bodice is tight and the skirt is pleated. She is carrying a handbag and an umbrella. She is also wearing a feathery type hat which has tie ribbons under her chin. In front of her is a plant. The photo is mounted on cardboard and has a gold line around the photo. 2035 written on the back.J Weller, Maryborough, Victoria. Australiaphotograph, portrait, female, foster & wilson collection, photograph -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - FAVALORO COLLECTION: WHITE NYLON WOMAN'S PANTIES, 1950's
Clothing. White nylon women's panties with gussett and straight legs, Centre and back of legs trimmed with 2.3 cm lace. Centre front full length panel (20cm wide) with two full length side panels. Lower section of side panels have 14 cm frilled inserts of pleated nylon fabric, with lace trim at top. Elasticized waistband.costume, female underwear, woman's white nylon panties -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - Dress, 1991
Frances Warren made the dress in 1991.She taught herself faggoting from directions in a bookDate made 1991. Floral cotton short sleeved women's dress. Background cream with apricot, yellow and grey flowers and green leaves. Peter Pan collar, buttoned to waist with faggoting work on collar, around cuffs on sleeves and down each side of front opening. Panel of pleats down centre of back and front of skirt. Dropped waistline and buttons are apricot.costume, female -
Brighton Historical Society
Dress, Evening dress, c.1895
Two piece ivory satin evening dress. Bodice (.1) is decorated with central panel of finely pleated chiffon and embellished with ready-made strips of beading and artificial pearls. Short puffed sleeves. Russet coloured velvet band applied to waist of bodice and finished with a metal rosette. Plain gored satin skirt (.2) with cream velvet binding around hem. Label, printed grey on cream cotton, centre back bodice waist: Bussell, Robson & Bussell / MELBOURNE.evening dress, bussell robson & bussell, 1890s -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Uniform - Sailors' uniform ribbons, C 1940s
Part of the uniform of Leading Wireman Allan Edward Beach. Part of the uniform worn by Beach, Allan Edward, Service no. 25718. Date of birth 6 Nov. 1913 - Box Hill Place of enlist - Melbourne -leading wireman Died 29 January 1981 Buried: Springvale Botanical Cemetery Copy of research - National Archives of Australia Two pleated silk ribbons, which form part of the uniform of Leading Wireman, Allan Edward Beach. See also NA5582 Tunic, NA5585 Trousers, NA5581 Dicky front, NA5578 Collar, NA5586 Lanyard, NA5589 Two Ribbons, NA5591 Hat band (HMAS), NA5583 Hat band (HMAS Cerberus), NA5593 Ribbon (HMS Repulse), NA5590 Ribbonroyal australian navy, world war ii, uniform, allan edward beach, sailor -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - VICTORIAN BLACK SILK BEADED BODICE, 1850's - 1900
High round neckline, edged with 1.5cm wide lace. Centre front panel is pintucked with a centre front opening, fastened with ten metal hook and eye fasteners. Five metal press-studs also fasten the overlap of pintucks, but these are possibly a later addition. A 3.5cm wide panel of fine watermark silk defines the waistline, in three 1.5cm pleats. Centre back seam has one .5cm flat pleat or tuck on either side. A 5.5cm panel of fabric is overlaid with a net based, beaded braid, of small black jet beads in a floral design-This braid extends around the neckline, and down each side of the front to below the bustline. This beading is also sewn of the eight cm wide sleeve cuffs. A cream crochet collar-most likely a later addition, is now stitched over the beading around the neckline. Garment is lined with black polished cotton.costume, female, victorian black silk beaded bodice. -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - Lady's jacket, c. 1900
This jacket would have been worn with a long black skirt by an elderly woman or by one in mourning, probably in early Edwardian times.This item is retained for display purposes.This is lady's black satin top with long sleeves. There are hooks and eyes for the full length of the front. with a fitted, boned waist. It has panels on each side of the opening on the front with black embroidered " frog" decorations. The sleeves are pleated with three bands of black velvet on the cuffs at the wrist. The garment is lined with black cloth. The cream lace around the neckline appears to have been added at a later time.vintage woman's clothing, edwardian era, warrnambool and district historical society collection -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Dress
made locally circa 1910. Due to relative long distance to haberdashery stores majority of children's garments were hand made by a local talented seamstress or mother/relativeHistorical significant to the period circa 1900 to circa 1950 when fashion was dictated by long lasting durability, local manufacture, earthy colours and ease of mobility. Photos in the KVHS collection show girls from Tawonga Primary School in a dress that could be this dress which is dated 1910. Dress brown cotton with long sleeves. Dress top and sleeves lined. Back of dress is open with metal hooks for fastening. Hand stitched eyelets and decorative strip down centre front bodice and around hips. Gathered skirt is joined at hip. One pocket on left side 6cm from waist band.Decorative strip at bottom of dress with a pleated hand and machine stitched frill.no inscriptions or markings suggesting locally made.dress, clothing, girl's dress, home made -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - GENTS FAWN TROUSERS - SEFTOW PERMANENT PRESS - NEW, Mid/late 20th Century
Gents fawn trousers ''Seftow permanent press - new.Made in Australia six 3, style K3299A fawn in colour. Label still in place, indicating trousers have never been worn. Single pleat front, side pockets, rear bound and buttoned pocket, coin pocket at waistband.65% polyester, 35% viscose. Internal label ''Seftow Production for Men and Young men.Internal Label: Seftow Producxtion for Men and Younger Men size 3, 65% polyester; 35% viscose; KORATRON Trade mark of the Koratron Company.costume, male, sports trousers -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - TROUSERS - PART OF MAN'S THREE PIECE BROWN TWEED SUIT, 1940's - 50's
Clothing. Trousers, part of Man's Three Piece Brown Tweed Suit, Pure wool - brown with fine black and red stripe forming a plaid type pattern. Side pockets, rear bound pocket, coin pocket at front waistband. Some insect damage on front and left rear. Plaid front (No pleat ). 7 belt loops on waistband. Hook fastening at centre front.costume, male suit, tweed suit trousers -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PHYSICAL CULTURE GROUP BENDIGO 1910
Black and white photograph : mounted on green board with embossed frame around image. PHYSICAL CULTURE GROUP BENDIGO 1910 & Group of 12 girls and 2 adult females. Girls in uniform of pleated skirts, blouses with tie and sand shoes. Girls holding clubs for exercise. 'Richards & Co., Ballarat' on bottom left hand corner. Written on back : 'Dorothy H. Armstrong Rochester'.Richards & Co. Ballaratperson, group, physical culture group 1910