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matching history - military
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Bendigo Military Museum
Badge - BADGES, MILITARY, 1) WW1 era
Refer James Clarence WATT, Cat No 3554.2 for his service history..1) War badge for services rendered. Awarded to service personnel who were wounded or contracted sickness of disability during service & were invalided out. Metal clasp at back. .2) Gold badge, red / gold stripe triangle with crown on top. Attachment pin on back with small gold chain..1) Printed on badge: “FOR KING AND EMPIRE, SERVICES RENDERED” .2) Printed on badge: “ARMY DESIGN ESTABLISHMENT”badges, services, army design, rendered -
Unions Ballarat
The history of Britain Book IV: 1815 - Present Day (Don Woodward Collection), Carter, EH et al, 1960
... in pencil and pen. History of Britain 1915-1958. - The Machine Age ...History of Britain 1915-1958. - The Machine Age - After Waterloo - The Reform Era - Palmerston's England - The Second British Empire - Gladstone and Disraeli - The Victorian Age - From Victoria to George V - The First World War - A Twenty Years' Crisis - Britain and the British Commonwealth - The Second World War - The Welfare State and the Cold War - From Steam to Atomic Energy History - United Kingdom.Book; fourth book in the series. Cover: red background; black lettering; author's name and title. Underlining and notes in pencil and pen.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, military - world war i, military - world war ii, military - united kingdom, waterloo, history - united kingdom -
Unions Ballarat
Year of decisions: Memoirs by Harry S. Truman Volume I (Don Woodward Collection), Truman, Harry S, 1955
Memoirs of Harry S. Truman focussing upon the year 1945. 1945 was the end of World War II and the beginning of the Atomic Age. Truman was President of the United States from 1945–1953. He took office following the death of Franklin Roosevelt.Historical, political and biographical interest - United States.Book; 637 pages. Cover: white background; black and white photograph of Harry S. Truman, blue, black, grey and yellow lettering; author's name and title.Purple stamps: "COMPLIMENTARY" and "TUDOR DISTRIBUTORS PTY LTD, 54 PORTER STREET, PRAHRAN … VIC."btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, truman, harry s., presidents - united states, military - world war ii, politics and government - usa, memoirs, history - usa -
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The man who is France (Don Woodward Collection), Clark, Brigadier Stanley, 1960
Biography of Charles de Gaulle. From Brittanica online: "Charles de Gaulle, in full Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle, (born November 22, 1890, Lille, France—died November 9, 1970, Colombey-les-deux-Églises), French soldier, writer, statesman, and architect of France’s Fifth Republic." More at this URL: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-de-Gaulle-president-of-FranceHistory and politics - France. Biographical interest - de Gaulle.Book; 202 pages. Cover: blue background; gold lettering; author's name and title.Dewey decimal code in white on the spine. Purple stamp, "Advertiser Newspapers Library, ANL". Dewey decimal code inside cover. Blue ink, indecipherable (initials?). Blue ink, "18/9 APC".btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, de gaulle, charles, politics and government - france, military - world war ii, presidents - france - biography, history - france, biography -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - digital photographs, Potsdam, Cecilienhof Palace, 10/2007
It was at the “Schloss Cecilienhof” (Cecilienhof Palace) that Churchill, Truman and Stalin met from June 17 to August 2, 1945, for the Potsdam Conference. Cecilienhof Palace in the New Garden was the last Hohenzollern palace, built for the crown prince during the years 1913-1917. The end of monarchy in 1918 was another hard blow for the town, which so far was shaped by the Royal Court, garrison and administration. During the night of April 14, 1945, a British air raid destroyed large parts of the inner city of Potsdam. Battles against Soviet military units during the last days of April 1945 caused still more and heavy damages. The parks and their palaces remained almost unscathed. After the war ended, from the end of July until the beginning of August 1945, the Potsdam Agreement was negotiated and signed between Churchill, Truman and Stalin in Cecilienhof Palace. http://www.historicgermany.travel/historic-cities/potsdam/history Colour photograph of, Cecilienhof Palace, Potsdampotsdam -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Booklet - Haeusler Collection Prisoner of War Booklet c.1942, The Snelling Printing Works Pty. Ltd, "'Someday': In Aid of our Prisoners of War"
... history, and military history. ww2 world war two war red cross ...The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s. This booklet is an anthology of poetry, sold to raise funds in aid of Australian and Allied prisoners of war. It was printed in Sydney in 1942, and has a foreword by Lady Gowrie, President of the Australian Red Cross Society. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga, and the Australian experience of war. It contributes to our understanding of life in Wodonga during World War Two, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history, social history, and military history. A booklet of poetry printed to raise funds for Australian and allied prisoners of war during World War Two. ww2, world war two, war, red cross, prisoners of war, allied forces, allies -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Backing up the Boys - The Australian Women's Army Service and Albury Army area, Desmond Martin, 1988
... -- history albury army area world war two women's military service ...The detailed history of the Australian Women’s Army Service in the Albury Army area during World War II.non-fictionThe detailed history of the Australian Women’s Army Service in the Albury Army area during World War II.australia. army. australian women's army service -- history, women soldiers -- australia -- history, albury army area, world war two, women's military service -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Albury Heritage, Howard C Jones, 1991
... occupants of the area. It also examines sport, military history ...This book relates the history of Albury to what readers can see around them and also focuses on special areas. It was the first history of Albury to explain in detail about the indigenous occupants of the area. It also examines sport, military history, the role of German, Lebanese and other non-English people and the National Growth Centre project up to 1991. The book also seeks to present Albury to the wider world by looking at a range of topics including its role in Federation, its vital wartime role and aviation history. and key figures who have played a role in making Albury what it is today.non-fictionThis book relates the history of Albury to what readers can see around them and also focuses on special areas. It was the first history of Albury to explain in detail about the indigenous occupants of the area. It also examines sport, military history, the role of German, Lebanese and other non-English people and the National Growth Centre project up to 1991. The book also seeks to present Albury to the wider world by looking at a range of topics including its role in Federation, its vital wartime role and aviation history. and key figures who have played a role in making Albury what it is today.albury heritage, albury history -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Photograph of soldiers from Tarnagulla and district in a military camp, Soldiers from Tarnagulla and district in a military camp, Exact date unknown, circa 1914-1918
Murray Comrie Collection.Monochrome photograph of soldiers in uniform posed in a military camp. Subjects are residents of Tarnagulla and other towns in surrounding district. All subjects served in First World War, dating the image to circa 1914-1918. Accompanied by a note that gives the following names: (Left to Right) Back Row: 1. ______________ 2. _______________ 3. Bert Whimpey 4. Bill Langan 5. Will Kilgour 6. Claude Whimpey 7. _______________ 8. ________________ Front Row: 1. Perce Ison 2. Arthur Whimpey 3. Syd Akers 4. Dave Roper tarnagulla, war, military, service, soldiers, veterans, ww1, first world war, kilgour, whimpey, langan, ison, akers, roper -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Photograph of soldiers from Tarnagulla and district in a military camp, Soldiers from Tarnagulla and district in a military camp, Exact date unknown, circa 1914-1918
Murray Comrie Collection.Monochrome photograph of soldiers in uniform posed in a military camp, with buildings made of corrugated iron in the background. Main assembled subjects are residents of Tarnagulla and other towns in surrounding district. All subjects served in First World War, dating the image to circa 1914-1918. Same image as THA-2019.0202 Accompanied by a note that gives the following names: (Left to Right) Back Row: 1. ______________ 2. Lew Allen 3. Bob Clark Middle Row: 1. ______________ 2. ________________ 3. _________________ 4. _________________ Front Row: 1. _______________ 2. Jack Sheldon 3. Will Kilgour 4. _________________ tarnagulla, war, military, service, soldiers, veterans, ww1, first world war, kilgour, allen, clark, sheldon -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document - Report, Frank Isaac White, 01/06/1997
Photocopy of a Luther Collage assignment on visits to war memorials and an investigation of Frank Isaac White, a name on the Mitcham War Memorial. White served in Egypt and France,. Maps show the route of his journeys including a period in hospital in England. Information is given about soldiers living conditions and his role as a artillery man. He was killed in Belgium on 20th September 1917 and buried in the Menin Road South Cematery at Ypres. Photographs of the cemetary are included and of his grave.white, frank isaac, menin road south military cemetry, ww1, war memorials -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - School Project, Memories of an Australian Soldier, 1/06/1997 12:00:00 AM
Photocopy of Luther College Year 10 history project describing several war memorials and researching the story of Sergeant Charles Samuel Hall whose name appears on the Mitcham War Memorial. He served at Gallipoli and on the Western Front but contracted tuberculosis and died at the Australian Military Hospital, Harefield Park in Middlesex. The report includes information about tuberculosis and relates the disease to the conditions in Gallipoli and in France. A report on the Battle of Pozieres is included. 70p. Maps. Photographs.hall, charles samuel, world war 1914-1918. battle of poziers, war memorials -
Unions Ballarat
Strange Birds in Paradise : A West Papuan Story, Nicolai, Jamie, 2009
Blurb from the back: While the Indonesian army continues to dominate the indigenous inhabitants of West Papua, Hill-Smith records the fate of West Papuans trying to maintain village life against a backdrop of covert military violence. In the West Papuan highlands, Hill-Smith - an Australian writer, cartoonist and comedian - hears stories of escape, oppression and exile and listens to the defiant songs of murdered musician and independence hero Arnold Ap. Together with friends Donny Roem, a recent exile, and Jacob Rumbiak, a child soldier in the West Papuan resistance movement, Hill-Smith returns to Melbourne to record outlawed folk songs with renowned Australian rock musicologist David Bridie. An extraordinary story of an imaginative, adaptable culture confronting tyranny with the joyful power of art, music and self-expression.Relevant to the history of West Papua and the Indonesian military presence and violence. Use of music to draw attention to the issues faced by West Papua.DVDFront cover: Title, rating (M), picture of winged West Papuan Man with guitar, "Winner Best Doco SBS IF award 2010". Back cover: Precis of content, website for producer company, names of contributors, directors, editors, etc.btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, ballarat trades hall, west papua, indonesia, war, songs, animations, military violence -
Unions Ballarat
Punks for West Papua : The documentary, Brennan, Antony (Ash), Circa 2016
Jody Bartolo and his band 'Diggers with Attitude' founded Punks for West Papua with the aim to raise money and awareness for the Free West Papua cause. West Papua was overtaken in 1969 by a rigged vote by Indonesia. The Indonesian military has killed hundreds of thousands of West Papuans since then. There has been a ban on journalists and foreign aid to enter West Papua which means that the killings of hundreds of thousands of West Papuans by Indonesian military have been kept secret. The West Papuan plight has thus not received due attention over a significant number of years. Teaser clip available at: http://www.hiredguntv.com/yatte-yattah.htmlRelevant to the history of West Papua and the Indonesian military presence and violence. Use of music to draw attention to the issues faced by West Papua.DVD. Cover: photographs, coloured black, white, red and blue.Front cover: title and film maker's name; awards won; West Papuan flag. Back cover: short description of content; quote from Benny Wenda, Leader of the Free West Papua Campaign, United Liberation Movement for West Papua.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, bartolo, jody, diggers with attitude, punks for west papua, indonesian military, west papua, occupation/war - west papua, music - punk, documentaries -
Unions Ballarat
Trafalgar: The Nelson touch (Don Woodward Collection), Howarth, David, 1969
An account of the battle in which Nelson died. The battle ended Napoleon's chances of invading EnglandHistory - United Kingdom. Warfare - naval military.Book; 256 pages. Dust jacket: picture of ships; white lettering; author's name and title. Cover: blue background; gold lettering; author's name and title on spine."Merry Christmas sweetheart 1975, Lee" in black ink.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, nelson, horatio, war - battle of trafalgar, bonaparte, napoleon -
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Cheshire VC: A story of war and peace (Don Woodward Collection), Braddon, Russell, 1956
... as being a realistic account. Military history - WWII. Biographical ...Biographical account of Leonard Cheshire who was a pilot in World War II and was highly decorated throughout his military career. He was also the founder of a disability charity fund that bears his name. The book is cited as being a realistic account.Military history - WWII. Biographical interest.Book; 256 pages. Cover: yellow background; gold lettering; author's name and title. Dustcover: one ripped piece available that describes the subject of the book. Remainder destroyed/lost.Illegible name in blue ink - inside cover.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, cheshire, leonard, world war ii -
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Oliver Cromwell (Don Woodward Collection), Buchan, John, 1941
... kingdom military - united kingdom history - united kingdom ...This book is a history intended to set the record straight about Cromwell. The book is also an account of Cromwell's boyhood. Oliver Cromwell was an English military officer and political leader. He was Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Cromwell lived from 1599 to 1658. History of the United Kingdom and biographical interest.Book; 459 pages. Cover: red background; gold lettering; author's name and title on the spine.Inside cover: "Sheilagh Butler" in black ink.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, cromwell, oliver, politics and government - united kingdom, military - united kingdom, history - united kingdom, biography -
Unions Ballarat
Jefferson Davis: The real and the unreal (Don Woodward Collection), McElroy, Joseph, 1995 (1937)
Historical and biographical account of Jefferson Davis. Davis was the President of the Confederate States - 1861 to 1865. Political (USA) and biographical.Book; 698 pages. Dustjacket: light brown background; artistic impression of Jefferson Davis and confederate flag; green and blue lettering; author's name and title. Cover: green background; gold lettering; author's name and title on the spine.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, history - usa, politics - united states of america, biography, military - usa, parliament, confederate states of america -
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Wellington: The years of the sword (Don Woodward Collection), Longford, Elizabeth, 1969
... of the Duke of Wellington's career (1769-1815). Military history ...Biography and events of the Duke of Wellington's career (1769-1815).Military history and biography (United Kingdom).Book; 548 pages.Library markings. Lyceum Club.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, wellington, duke, wellington, arthur wellesley, military - united kingdom, history - united kingdom, prime ministers - united kingdom, biography -
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Wellington: A personal history (Don Woodward Collection), Hibbert, Christopher, 1997
... Wellington: A personal history (Don Woodward Collection) Book; 460 ...History/biography of the Duke of Wellington who is well known for his defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo.Historical/biographical - Duke of Wellington.Book; 460 pages. Dustjacket: plastic covering; brown background; artistic representation of Wellington; gold and white lettering; author's name and title. Cover: black background; gold lettering; author's name and title.btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, ballarat trades hall, wellington, arthur wellesley, wellington, duke, bonaparte, napoleon, military - united kingdom, history - united kingdom, biography -
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The story of conscription in Australia, Jauncey, Leslie Cyril, 1935
An account of World War I conscription conflicts. Relevant to history of World War I and opposition to military conscription.Paper; book; 365 pagesbtlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, world war i, conscription, military, anti-conscriptionism -
Unions Ballarat
Homebush Boy - A Memoir, Kenneally, Thomas, 1995
Autobiography of Australian author, Thomas Kenneally. From the first paragraph: "For this is not an exhaustive tale of boyhood but of the one reckless, sweet, divinely hectic and subtly hormonal year. That is, in my case, 1952. It seems to outweigh the other years, to be the most succulent and the most dangerous."Autobiographical interest. Relevant to Australian literary history.Paper; book. Front cover: full-colour photograph of a child in a military uniform; white text. Front cover: author's name and title.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, kenneally, thomas, kenneally, thomas michael, memoir, autobiography, 1952 -
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Enemies within : Papua New Guinea, Australia and the Sandline Crisis: the inside story, O'Callaghan, Mary-Louise, 1999
Julian Chan's government attempted to resolve the Bougainville Civil War using diplomatic means and eventually by military force. These attempts brought down the Chan government.Relevant to the political history of Papua New Guinea and the region. Paper; book. Front cover: black background; black and white military photograph; black and white text.Front cover: author name and title.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, chan, julian, chan, sir julian, prime ministers - papua new guinea, sandline crisis, sandline affair, civil wars, politics, history, bougainville civil war, papua new guinea -
Unions Ballarat
Bush in Babylon : the recolonisation of Iraq, Ali, Tariq, 2003
A critical appraisal of the US invasion of Iraq in 2003. The author also provides a cultural history of Iraq.Relevant to world politics, international relations and warfare - especially to Iraq.Paper; book. Front cover: colour picture - military man with rifle and a child; white text.Front cover: author's name and title.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, history, social history, bush, george w, warfare, international relations, military -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Dover Publications, The influence of sea power upon history, 1660-1783, 1987
Though technological advances over the last century have revolutionized warfare, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 remains a classic text on the history, strategy, and comprehension of commercial and military command of the high seas. The first president of the U.S. Naval War College, Alfred Thayer Mahan demonstrates through historical examples that the rise and fall of sea power and the wealth of nations have always been linked with commercial and military command of the sea. Mahan describes successful naval strategies employed in the past--from Greek and Roman times through the Napoleonic Wars--with an intense focus on England's rise as a sea power in the eighteenth century. This book provides not only an overview of naval tactics but also a lucid exposition of geographic, economic, and social factors governing the maintenance of sea power.Index, bib, ill, maps, p.557.non-fictionThough technological advances over the last century have revolutionized warfare, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 remains a classic text on the history, strategy, and comprehension of commercial and military command of the high seas. The first president of the U.S. Naval War College, Alfred Thayer Mahan demonstrates through historical examples that the rise and fall of sea power and the wealth of nations have always been linked with commercial and military command of the sea. Mahan describes successful naval strategies employed in the past--from Greek and Roman times through the Napoleonic Wars--with an intense focus on England's rise as a sea power in the eighteenth century. This book provides not only an overview of naval tactics but also a lucid exposition of geographic, economic, and social factors governing the maintenance of sea power.naval history - modern, sea power -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Memorabilia - Box - Cigarette silks, 1911 - 1917
These type of cigarette silks were included in WD & HO Wills cigarette packets to induce women in particular to take up smoking.|The Word 'Cartophilic?|It is believed that this unusual word was coined in the 1920s by Col. Bagnall, an Englishman, who was the father of the hobby of cigarette card and trade card collecting. It is thought to be a combination of a Latin word, 'carto' meaning 'card and the Greek word 'philic', meaning 'love'.- lover of cards. The term originally related to the collection of the two types mentioned, however, our Society has included postcards in the range of items collected by our members.|The Cigarette Card|The cigarette card began its evolution in the United States of America, in the early 1880s as a plain piece of cardboard used by tobacconists to protect the cigarettes which were sold in that era, not in packets, but loosely. A purchaser would buy his cigarettes then wrap them in paper around the small piece of cardboard, which acted as a stiffener. In fact, for many decades, cigarette cards were known as 'stiffeners' in the USA.|The card depicting 'The Marquis of Lome' is reputed to be the first known cigarette card issued. This is thought to have been in 1879. It did not take long for an enterprising entrepreneur to recognise the advertising potential of the cigarette card, and, very soon, the cards began displaying popular images, often in sets. This had the effect of youngsters, wishing to complete their sets, harassing their fathers to buy a specific brand of cigarettes. The kids who collected cards in the days when they were being issued in the cigarette packets, would hang around outside the local tobacconist's shop, pestering the men who had just bought a packet of cigarette, with the cry: 'can I have the cig can mister?'|It is a proven fact that, here in Australia during the 1930s, at least one set had one card deliberately withheld and issued very sparingly. This card is No. 86 (Mrs Jack Crawford) in the Carreras 'Turf Personality Series'. Thus, in a set of reasonably easy cards to get, this one card is a constant source of frustration for the collector, and as such, commands a premium when it comes to price. It is not hard to imagine the young collector nagging his to Dad to keep buying 'Turf' cigarettes to enable him to finish the set.|From small beginnings the cigarette card soon gave rise to a booming industry in itself. Artists and writers were|employed to produce the cards, which were miniature works of art and served as little encyclopaedia's for the children of the day. By the 1930s cards were being issued in the countless millions. It has been stated, in one book on the history of cards; that 450 million sets of a series produced and issued by the prolific issuer of cards in the United Kingdom, WD & HO Wills. As each set contained 50 cards you would need a calculator with a very long result window to see the answer to how many cards of that series were in circulation.|Australia's involvement would appear to have its beginnings with the English and American firms who shipped their tobacco products here and the cards of American Tobacco Company (ATC) are found in great numbers in early Australian collections; many featuring Australian subjects, e.g. 'Australian Parliament a 1901 issue. Earlier U.S. sets depicting Australians included Goodwin & Co's, so called. 'Australian Series' with cricketers and Australian Rules footballers who were on the sporting scene during the 1880s. The caption of one of theses cards reads:|'W.Hannysee. Captain Port Melbourne Football Club' which enables us to pinpoint the year of issue to either 1889 or 1890.|On the Australian scene the first local manufacturer who issued cards seems to have been The National Cigarette Company of Australia Proprietary Limited, whose 'Tally Ho' packets contained cards from a series of thirteen featuring the touring 'English Cricket Team 1897-8' Of the few Australian manufacturers who issued cards, only two companies issued more the two sets.|Undoubtedly the cards issued by the Melbourne firm Sniders & Abrahams (later Sniders & Abrahams Pty Ltd) are the 'jewels in the crown' of Australian card issues. They issued some thirty-three series, with numerous sub-series and allied issues such as metal badges, metal football shields, celluloid flags etc., which ensured that the hobbyist had a vast range from which to collect. Sporting themes – football, cricket, horse racing – dominate, indicating the Australians' love of sport and the outdoors was as strong in those earlier times as it is today. Military, animals and birds themes were also to the fore, with a touch of culture being provided by 'Shakespeare', 'Dickens', actresses and even classical 'Statuary'. Humour was not forgotten with 'Cartoons and Caricatures', 'Naval and Cricket (double meaning) Terms' and the 'Jokes' series. Art and history were covered by the artist, S.T. Gill's 'Views of Victoria in 1857' while the stereoscopic 'Views of the World' expanded the collectors' knowledge of the world as a whole.|The Sniders & Abrahams series began in 1904 and by 1919 the company was in decline and was eventually taken over by G.G. Goode & Co. Ltd. This company produced one set only, the highly collectable 'Prominent Cricketer Series' issued in 1924. During the early to mid-1920s, J.J. Schuh Tobacco Pty Ltd issued eight series, again containing the popular subjects of sport and war. At least two provincial tobacconists, Lentens of Bendigo and Baillies of Warrnambool, issued private football series. The last series of cards issued by a truly Australian firm was Dudgeon & Arnell's '1934 Australian Cricket Team'.|The Australian market was not neglected by the English companies with WD & HO Wills, Godfrey Phillips and Ogdens all making their contributions. By far the most active issuer was the long-established company Wills, whose 'Cricketers' of 1901 heralded the flood of Australian series, which continued into the mid-thirties.|The onset of the 1939-45 World War sounded the death knell of the cigarette card and very few post-war issues were made, certainly not here in Australia.|The Trade Card|The Trade Card is a non-tobacco item used by manufacturers to promote and advertise their products, in the same way that cigarette cards were. It is uncertain exactly when they were first produced, but in the USA, non-collectable cards were issued by firms in the early 1800s. These were more akin to a latter day 'business card'. It was not until the 1850s, when coloured and pictorial cards were issued to advertise and promote products that the Trade Card|became a collectable item. Many beautiful lithographic cards were produced in this early era and they are very mu sought after by collectors. By the 1870s the issues of Trade Cards became more prolific and it is from this era that more cards are seen.|Again, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact date of the first Australian Trade Card and it may be that the highly collectable and extremely rare 'American Candy Co's' - 'Pure Caramels' Australian Rules football card, issued i 1891, is the earliest series. This confectionery firm was located in Fitzroy, a Melbourne suburb. To date only two subjects have been seen.|Another early set was 'Flags', issued by F.H.Fauldings & Co. It featured testimonials of seven English cricketers who toured Australia with the 1894/5 Test team. Fauldings was an Adelaide based firm which manufactured medicinal toiletries, soaps and oils, using the distinctly Australian eucalyptus oil. During the 20th century a multitude of Australian businesses issued trade cards, with confectionery manufacturers such as Hoadleys, Allens, Sweetacres and Australian Licorice producing the majority of them. Again sporting themes dominated with the ever popular Aussie Rules football cards being the most numerous. Cricket issues ran a close second.|Apart from sporting cards, almost every subject imaginable was covered by the Trade Card, making it the most diverse and interesting branch of cartophilly. In contrast to the Cigarette Card, which had its demise prior to the Second World War, the Trade Card is still alive and well.|We all are aware of the long running 'Birds of Australasia' series put out by Tuck-fields Tea and 1 doubt if there is a kitchen drawer in Australia that has not got one or two of these informative and attractive cards floating about in it. These cards were first produced in the early 1960s and are still being inserted in that company's packets of tea. Such is also the case with Sanitarium Health Foods, manufacturers of the well known Weetbix, who began issuing cards, with a wide range of subjects, in the early 1940s and continue to do so.|The 1940s and 1950s saw the two breakfast food giants, Kornies and Weeties dominating the card scene. Kornies footballers were in production fora decade from 1948 to 1959. Four years later in 1963, we saw the start of four decades of Scanlens bubble-gum card issues, both football and cricket. In the mid 1990s, with the end of the Scanlens/Stimorol cards, the Trading Card came on the scene. These cards do not fit under the umbrella of the Trade Card, having been produced and marketed purely as a 'collectable' with no connection whatsoever to any product, which of course is necessary for an item to be classified as a Trade Card.|The earliest British postcard was issued in 1870 and was designed to send short messages; the stamp was printed on the card, therefore it did not require an envelope. It was considered by many to be lowering the postal standards because the texts were no longer private. However the cards were a great success as on the first day of issue in 1870, half a million passed through the London postal centre.|The first illustrated postcards are said to be those introduced by a French stationer in 1870. He realized that French troops fighting in the Franco-Prussian War needed to be able to send short messages to their families and designed a 'postcard' to suit the purpose. As many of the soldiers were illiterate they decorated their cards with sketches of their many activities at the front rather than writing; thus creating a picture postcard. Private enterprise soon saw the great financial possibilities of this new easy and attractive way of communication by post; also sending a postcard cost less than postage for letters. It was correctly assumed that postcards were likely to overtake letter writing in many instances.|Between 1875 and 1882 every state in Australia introduced official postcards, N.S.W. first and Tasmania last. Each state produced a simple type of postcard with a pre printed stamp allied to that state. The stamp side stated 'The Address Only To Be Written On This Side'; the reverse side sometimes carried a simple illustration or decoration with space fora short message, each state extolling their own state's virtues. In 1901, with the advent of Federation, the new Government became responsible for all postal services in Australia and produced postcards for sale in every state. With several mail deliveries each day in most towns, postcards were used for many purposes. One 1906 postcard, with an illustration of fruit, was sent from Mrs X in the morning to her greengrocer ordering her fruit and vegetables to be delivered that afternoon. Another lady asks her charlady to 'come this afternoon'.|Australian private enterprise also began selling pictorial postcards, most companies using the very experienced German printing works who were the worlds best in the field of lithography and fine detailed colour-printing. Many of these beautiful German cards still exist today, 100 years later. Australia did have a few fine printers but they were in the minority. Black and white postcards printed in Australia in the early 1900s were often of good quality e.g. postcards printed by 'The Bulletin', illustrating the works of 'The Bulletins' top artists.|Between c1903-09 The Melbourne company Osboldstone and Atkins etc. printed coloured reproductions of 46 J.A. Turner bush/rural life paintings, which were generally of good quality and became hugely popular and still sought after today. Like thousands of homes in Europe, Britain and U.S.A., many Australia homes had albums of cherished postcards, which were given pride of place for visitors to see and enjoy.|Postcard collecting remained popular but was changing with the times. About 1912 the Australian photographer George Rose of Melbourne began to produce topographical B/W real photographic postcards covering most of Australia and other photographers began to do likewise. These cards soon found their way into collections as well.|WWI and the horrors of war suddenly changed the world; postcards were still in great demand but the subject matter was far more serious. Thousands of postcards from the trenches in European war zones arrived in Australia to be included in family albums. Propaganda and recruitment messages were produced to encourage enlistment. Australian postcard producers began to create cards decorated with gum leaves, boomerangs, wattle etc., which were designed for sending to Australian troops serving overseas. Very few 'pretty' cards were available, as access to the Gentian printing works was no longer possible and exporting of postcards from Britain was very limited. By the end of WWI people had other more serious problems to contend with and the avid postcard collecting hobby declined, fold greetings took over and topographical photographic postcards became a small but steady income for the producers and newsagents etc. in every town.|Fortunately many of these old postcards still exist and are avidly collected by a new generation or postcard collectors. The Australian Cartophilic Society Inc. is one of four postcard/cigarette card organizations in Australia. They are, N.S.W. Post Card Collectors Society; Queensland Card Collectors' Society Inc. and West Australian Card Collectors|Society, and across the Tasman there is a New Zealand Postcard Society.|References:|Picture Postcards of the Golden Age A Collector's Guide by Toni & Valmai Holt. Picture Postcards in Australia 1898 - 1920 by David CookBox of Cigarette Silks ( 10 ) depicting animal motifs, which were placed in cigarette packets as an incentive for women in particular to smoke.|WD & HO Wills|Produced 1911 - 1917personal effects, smoking accessories, recreations, collections -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - BUTTONS, ARMY
Items in collection re Sgt James C WATT No 533, 24th BN, refer Cat No 3554.2 for his service history..1) & .2) Round, metal, button with imprint of Australia & crown on front. Attached ring on back. .1) Printed on back: “K C LUKE PTY LTD MELBOURNE” .2) Printed on back: “EMPIRE - TOOL SYD” .1) & .2) Embossed print around edge: “AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES” uniform, buttons, army, amf -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - PHOTOGRAPH WW1, C.WW1
The photo is John Thomas O’Bree MM, No 6865, 22nd Batt AIF. Refer Cat No 1334 for his service history and award of the Military Medal.Photo B & W of a soldier in peak hat standing holding a pace stick. Photo is pasted to a light fawn coloured piece of cardboard.photographs, 22nd -
Bendigo Military Museum
Souvenir - BADGE & BUTTON DISPLAY, MOUNTED, c.1914 - 1918
The items were souvenired by Robert Allen No 7925, 6th FAB AIF. Refer Cat No 1786P for his Service History also 1777 & 1787.4.Mounted on a RX frame with wire attachments, 63 affixed items of various badges & buttons from other countries Armed Forces.numismatics- badges - military- international, uniform accessories -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - JACKET, BATTLE DRESS, c.1916
... Battalion. Refer cat No 1281 for his service history. australia ...Worn by S J KIRKHAM No 685 1st Pioneers 8th Battalion. Refer cat No 1281 for his service history.Kahki Battle Dress Jacket issued in WW1.australia, military uniform, armed forces, costume, male