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Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Bed Jacket, c 1860
Another delicate item, this bed jacket has been made with machine made cotton net which has seams joined with bobbin tape. The hand appliqued motifs on the back of the jacket are possibly Princess lace which is a type of tape lace made in Belgium in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There are two types of Princess lace, one is where the tape shapes are sewn on to net and the other is where the shapes are linked together to form a type of guipure lace. This could be an example of the former known as an applique lace. Unfortunately one of the cuffs has become detached. Packaged with note: "Limerick lace bed jacket Janet Amess 1860 from Kel Bright collection with separated cuff" Packaged with note: "Machined lace bed jacket. Janet Amess 1860The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess women.Motifs hand sewn on to machined net; bobbin tape on seams (NGV) Princess machine lace machine made motifs hand-applied Packaged with note: "Machined lace bed jacket. Janet Amess 1860. From Kel Bright Collection with separated cuff".janet amess lace collection, lace, churchill island, janet, amess, bed, jacket, garment, clothing, hand, sewn, bobbin, machine -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Textile - Bed Jacket, Cuff, 1860
This is a fine cotton bed jacket decorated with beautiful whitework embroidery. Whitework is any type of embroidery where the threads worked are the same colour as the base fabric. It is usually worked on white linen but this could be worked on Hardanger fabric which is 22 thread count cotton. The embroidery is a combination of types but drawn thread work and Hardanger work can be clearly seen on this garment.The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess women, see above.Bed Jacket with open frontPackaged with note: "Limerick lace bed jacket Janet Amess 1860 from Kel Bright collection with separated cuff".janet amess lace collection, lace, churchill island, janet, amess, bed, jacket, cuff, garment, clothing, princess, machine, bobbin -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Petticoat
This elegant petticoat has been made with rows of hairpin crochet interspersed with traditional crochet. Hairpin crochet is worked over a ‘loom’ to keep all of the loops the same length. What a special wedding petticoat this is and perhaps the bride had worked it herself to keep in her ‘hope chest’ or trousseau. The thread used for this project is a machine braid. Note that this is only a half petticoat as the bride would have worn a camisole under the bodice of her gown.The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess women. white petticoat, with crochet trim, and a machine made elasticised waist bandPackaged with note: "Wedding petticoat. Hand crocheted. Handmade button holes. Pure cotton. Machined waist band".janet amess lace collection, lace, churchill island, janet, amess, petticoat, garment, clothing, machine, braid, crotchet -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Camisole
This may have been the camisole worn by the same bride as in 0087. It would be worn over her corset and under the bodice of her gown. This fabric must have been bought with a camisole in mind and the machine embroidery in place. It would have been embroidered on a Schiffli machine. It is interesting that the seams are hand stitched which may indicate that it was an item from a trousseau. There are ribbon insertion points along the top and bottom of the garment and although there are satin shoulder straps they could easily be tucked away or removed so that this could be worn under an off the shoulder gown. Packaged with note: "White cotton camisole hand stitched seams. Probably purchased fabric pre 1900".The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess women,.Machine embroidery with small floral motifs Packaged with note: "White cotton camisole hand stitched seams. Probably purchased fabric pre 1900".janet amess lace collection, lace, churchill island, janet, amess, jane, corset, cover, machine, embroidery -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Blouse, 1970s
This bed jacket was, as the enclosed note stated, “probably hand made in Asia” and has been identified as Chinese 20th century by the Lace Group Embroiderers Guild. The insertions at the wrist are very fine handmade Irish crochet with the treble fans and Clones knots visible. The embroidery on the reminder of the jacket has also been executed by hand. Being white work is quite unusual for Chinese embroidery as it is traditionally colourful or monochromatic such as red work or blue as in the willow pattern. Perhaps this was made with the Western market in mind.The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess womenChinese 20th C Hand crocheted insertions. Hand embroidery. White blouse/bed jacket.Packaged with note "Light bed jacket. Probably hand made in Asia c 1970 judging by size tag '14'"amess lace collection, lace, churchill island, frances, janet, jane, amess, embroidery, cotton, chinese, hand, crotcheted -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Muff, Seal Fur
After European settlement in 1788 Australian Fur Seals were hunted intensively from 1798 until 1825 for meat, oil and their skins. The growing Industrial Revolution called out for oil which was readily sourced from seals along with their valuable fur. Indigenous people had been sustainably harvesting seals for their meat and their skins .and the European sealers often coerced or kidnapped Aboriginal women for their knowledge of hunting seals. After 1825 the seal population had been decimated and therefore the hunt was no longer economically viable, but it wasn’t until 1923 that the Australian Government legislated to stop the hunting of seals altogether. In the time of the Amess family residence on Churchill Island it was perfectly legitimate to shoot any seal that interfered with fishing and furs were tanned and lined with fine fabrics to create items of apparel. Seal fur has a soft velvety feel when stroked in the direction of growth. A muff was a thick tubular piece of fur or other material used by women and girls to keep the hands warm and it was also used as a handbag, The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess women, see above.Seal fur muff, with lining and some fraying on edges. seal, fur, churchill island, amess fur collection, janet, jane, amess, frances -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Strip, Seal Fur
After European settlement in 1788 Australian Fur Seals were hunted intensively from 1798 until 1825 for meat, oil and their skins. The growing Industrial Revolution called out for oil which was readily sourced from seals along with their valuable fur. Indigenous people had been sustainably harvesting seals for their meat and their skins .and the European sealers often coerced or kidnapped Aboriginal women for their knowledge of hunting seals. After 1825 the seal population had been decimated and therefore the hunt was no longer economically viable, but it wasn’t until 1923 that the Australian Government legislated to stop the hunting of seals altogether. In the time of the Amess family residence on Churchill Island it was perfectly legitimate to shoot any seal that interfered with fishing or was unlucky enough to come ashore on the Island. Furs were tanned and lined with fine fabrics to create items of apparel because seal fur has a soft velvety feel when stroked in the direction of growth. This strip appears to be around 22 inches in length and would be suitable to use as a belt for a tiny waisted lady or girl or it could have been used as a collar.The Amess family owned Churchill Island from 1872 to 1929. This lace collection was owned and contributed to by four generations of Amess womenA narrow strip of brown seal fur with grey backingjane, amess, janet, frances, seal, fur, churchill island -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Clothing - Seal Fur Stole, c. late 1800s
Lined with brown silk 189.5 x 13.3cm After European settlement in 1788 Australian Fur Seals were hunted intensively from 1798 until 1825 for meat, oil and their skins. The growing Industrial Revolution called out for oil which was readily sourced from seals along with their valuable fur. Indigenous people had been sustainably harvesting seals for their meat and their skins .and the European sealers often coerced or kidnapped Aboriginal women for their knowledge of hunting seals. After 1825 the seal population had been decimated and therefore the hunt was no longer economically viable, but it wasn’t until 1923 that the Australian Government legislated to stop the hunting of seals altogether. In the time of the Amess family residence on Churchill Island it was perfectly legitimate to shoot any seal that interfered with fishing and furs were tanned and lined with fine fabrics to create items of apparel. Seal fur has a soft velvety feel when stroked in the direction of growth. This stole being quite narrow compared with the length would have been wrapped a few times around the shoulders and being lined with silk would have felt quite luxurious. This seal fur stole was owned by Janet Amess (nee Straughan), wife to Samuel Amess and owner of the Churchill Island Farm from 1872 - 1929. She passed this item through the generations until it reached the donor, Unity.Band of seal fur backed and trimmed with brown silk.seal, fur, janet, frances, jane, amess, churchill island, clothing, 19th century, stole, fashion -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Paling/shingle splitter's axe
The splitter's axe was used to cleave timber apart into shingles or palings. A timber handle or haft would have been inserted through the socket. The cast iron blade was placed vertically into the timber end. The blade was then driven into the timber with a rough mallet while the haft was used to guide the split along the grain. As the timber split, the haft could be twisted to lever the two pieces apart. This tool is sometimes called a froe or frow.Machine made, painted black, cast. No handle. Shows signs of use. Socket warpedchurchill island, farm, tool, tools, splitter, splitter's, axe, paling, shingle -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Paling/shingle cutting blade
The cutting blade was used to cleave timber apart into shingles or palings. A haft (handle) would have been attached through the socket giving the tool an L shape. The base of the blade is driven into the timber with a mallet forcing timber into two parts along the grain. Twisting the haft then levers apart the two pieces. This can be repeated until several long strips of timber have been cut from a log. Also called a frow or froe. This tool allowed more accurate and controlled splitting over an ordinary axe and required less force.well used blacksmith made. No handlepaling, shingle, cutting, blade, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - log splitting wedge
An agricultural tool used by loggers, or farmers, the log splitting wedge has been used for thousands of years and was originally made from stone. They were either driven straight into the wood or into a previously made incision with the blade parallel to the grain. Using a sledgehammer or other tool hammered onto the flat end, the wedge is forced deeper into the log until the force splits the timber.well used, slight surface rust. Octagonal shaft to collar then wedge. Top badly burred over from use.splitting, wedge, log, lumber, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - log splitting wedge
An agricultural tool used by loggers, or farmers, the log splitting wedge has been used for thousands of years and was originally made from stone. They were either driven straight into the wood or into a previously made incision with the blade parallel to the grain. Using a sledgehammer or other tool hammered onto the flat end, the wedge is forced deeper into the log until the force splits the timber.wedge with groove to prevent sticking. Worn top, burred overwood, splitting, wedge, tool, tools, farm, churchill island -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Adze
The adze is an agricultural tool, similar to an axe, but the blade is affixed perpendicular to the handle. Used primarily for smoothing or carving wood, the adze can also be used as a hoe. This adze is missing its wooden handle, which may vary in length depending on their particular purpose and can be designed for one handed or two-handed use. Rusted, well worn, blacksmith made with bias on blade. No handle. An adze is a tool similar to an axe.adze, churchill island, farm, axe, tool, tools, blacksmithing, smithing, blacksmith -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - combination spanner/single claw hammer
purpose made with large spanner at one end of handle and single claw hammer at other endcombination, spanner, claw, hammer, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Box spanner
large box spanner #2 cast; socket for extension. Shows screw marks from castingW E CARY LTDbox, spanner, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Box spanner
Double ended (large/small) # 209 stamp. Has had welded repair on large end209 SHELDON AXLE COMPANYbox, spanner, tool, tools, double, welded, sheldon, axle, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Box spanner
Square box spanner with hanging loop at other end. Tapered box. Rust and pittingbox, spanner, square, churchill island, tool, tools, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Box spanner
This box spanner was used in the early twentieth century to tighten the hubcaps on wire wheels. These were the standard wheels for early models of cars, as the quick detachable hubcaps meant they could be changed quickly. Although they were later replaced by the development of the cheaper pressed steel wheels in the 1920s, their lighter weight meant they were still used on luxury cars. This spanner was manufactured by ‘Wire Wheel Corporation of America’, also known as ‘Houk Manufacturing Company’, who were making wheels in Buffalo, New York, from 1910.Box spanner for wire wheels; tapered handle, hanging loop other end to spanner. surface rustWire Wheel Corp of America Buffalo NY B4-1005/H4.B4.CB4.CB4 5 Abox, spanner, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - Double ended spanner
The double-ended ring spanner served as a useful, manual tool for maintaining farm machinery. The hexagonal rings would be placed over a nut to secure it, before the spanner was rotated to tighten the nut. The ring design provides greater purchase, or grip on all sides of the nut, which in turn reduces the risk of rounding the nut, or slippage. Early spanners were mostly made from iron and hand-forged using an anvil and hammer. Since the mid-19th century, gravity or powered drop forging techniques were used to compress metal for greater strength. Ring spanners produced in the 20th century are mostly made of chrome vanadium steel.stainless steel, some pitting. One end slightly smaller than the otherdouble, ended, spanner, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - flat box spanner
flat box spanner, surface rustJENBRObox, spanner, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Functional object - Combination spanner
This instrument is a 'McKay Massey Harris Spanner P206'. These spanners were supplied with harvesters and other implements to be used by the farmer to maintain his equipment. The agricultural spanner was often of odd shapes to allow for use in confined spaces or because the one tool could be used for more than one function. Broken one end. Small box spanner and broken open spanner one end, square box spanner with two open spanners at other end. Rusted.1_06combination, spanner, broken, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - spanner
hand-made open ended spanner; rustyhandmade, hand, made, spanner, open, churchill island, farm, tools, tool -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - Box spanner
Blacksmith made box spanner with octagonal collar, attached to long iron handle with rounded end. Made from bar stock with collar extension piece added on1 1/2 box, spanner, blacksmith, blacksmithing, smithing, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - spanner
double ended open spanner. One end has angled jaw. Other end rounded (for over shaft) with tabs for locking into placedouble, open, ended, spanner, tool, tools, churchill island, farm -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - spanner
double ended spanner. Box one end; open the otherdouble, ended, spanner, box, open, tool, tools, farm, churchill island -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - spanner
open ended cast spanner. Heavy duty. Handle has 2 small drill holes7/8 [on jaw]cast, spanner, heavy duty, tool, tools, farm, churchill island -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - Block plane
Alexander Mathieson & Sons Ltd ('& Sons', after c. 1890), of the Saracen Tool Works, Glasgow, advertised as 'manufacturers of planes, mechanical, engineering and edge-tools'. They received 'prize medals' at the London, Melbourne and Edinburgh International Exhibitions of 1851, 1862, 1880 and 1886, in their 'quest for perfection in tools'. Mathieson's vast output included specialised craft implements for coopers, ship's carpenters, tinsmiths and wheelwrights. The firm originated when master plane-maker John Manners opened premises in Saracen Lane, Glasgow, in 1792. 4 Alexander Mathieson (c. 1797–1852) took over his business in 1821, which he gave as the foundation date of his firm. He was later succeeded by his son, Thomas A. Mathieson (1822–1899), a prominent Glasgow magistrate and preceptor of Hutcheson's Hospital charitable institution. In 1854, Mathiesons moved to East Campbell Street, and had opened branches in Edinburgh, Dundee and Liverpool by 1876. The third generation comprised Thomas O. and James H. Mathieson (born 1867), the latter being a Glasgow bailie (councillor), whose estate totalled an enormous £150,939 in 1926. Mathieson's hand- and small machine-tools (e.g. bandsaws and beading machines) were exported worldwide, especially their 'heavy duty auger bits used... for boring railway sleepers'. Wooden smoothing plane with handle. Adjustable via wedge. Borer holes in handle.Ward blade. Plane made by Mathieson & Son Glasgow Best Guaranteed.plane, block plane, hand tools, carpenter's tools, mathieson, churchill island -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Moulding plane
Angled blade. Elm? Steel blade. Shaped top of wedge. Circle may be what's left of trade mark. Part of a set. Paint spots. plane, moulding plane, hand tools, carpenter's tools -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - Spoke shave
A Spokeshave is an ancient woodworking tool, used to shape items by gradually shaving back the wood. Originally made from stone, they evolved to have wooden handles with a steel blade, and the type varied depending on its purpose. It could be used for wheel spokes, chair legs, paddles, bows, or arrows, and was an essential tool for farming and homesteads. More modern examples are now made entirely of metal.Cylindrical length of wood, with tapered handles at each end. The centre section has a steel insert with a brass guard strip, and there is a small crack on woodwork.spoke shave, woodwork, hand tools -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Tool - Level
The wood level has been around for over 100 years and this type is called a spirit level. It gets its name from the mineral spirit solution which is inside the level. The level is used to indicate how parallel (level) or perpendicular (plumb) a surface is relative to the earth. The spirit level is placed on the surface, if the surface is level the bubble in the tube will be in the centre between the lines, if the bubble is either side of the lines then the surface has a slope.Paint spots and wear at grooves. Wood, glass bubbles, brass cover over bubble. Round maker's seal missing.level, carpenter's tools, hand tools, churchill island