Commonwealth Day (formerly Empire Day) is the annual celebration of the Commonwealth of Nations, since 1977 often held on the second Monday in March. It is marked by an Anglican service in Westminster Abbey, normally attended by the monarch as Head of the Commonwealth along with the Commonwealth Secretary-General and Commonwealth High Commissioners in London. The monarch delivers a broadcast address to the Commonwealth. While it has a certain official status, Commonwealth Day is not a public holiday in most Commonwealth countries, and there is little public awareness of it. It is marked as a holiday in Gibraltar, but not in March. In Canada "Victoria Day" is celebrated on the Monday closest to 24 May (Queen Victoria's birthday).Empire Youth Sunday - A Dedication Service - 3rd May 1953 - hymns, prayers and the meanings of the coronation symbols, six pages.history, bendigo, empire youth sunday, empire day, commonwealth day

Mine managers had a variety of roles. They were a go-between for investors or shareholders and were responsible for the effective utilisation of human and physical resources above and underground. From the early 1870's the Bendigo school of mines held courses and exams leading to a Mine Manager's Certificate. These certificates were awarded in 3 classifications:- 1st class certificate holders could manage any mine where large and expensive machinery was used. They needed knowledge and competence in areas such as surveying, underground plan drawing, ventilation, amalgamation, retorting and smelting. They must also be literate and numerate. 2nd Class:- able to manage any mine where steam machinery was in use. 3rd Class:- for mines where there was no steam machinery . They needed to have a good knowledge of whim, whip or windlass work. Conversations continued through to the 1920's about whether the requirement for a Managers Certificate should be made compulsory under amendment to the Mines Act 1883. There were also discussions of the minimum amount of mine experience applicants should possess.A research paper detailing the history of managers and their role in the Bendigo gold fields. A short address prepared by James A. Lerk April/ May 2002. 8 pages.mine managers, ballerstedt, buerger