Part of a slide show presentation "A Trip Down the Diamond Creek" by Russell Yeoman to the Eltham District Historical Society meeting of 14 Nov. 200135mm colour positive transparency Mount - Black and Whiteart in public places, benchmark, conventry oval, diamond creek, elizabeth street, naomi kumar, public art, susie kumar

Audi / Norweellan labWhite Lab Coat. Benchmark XS. 5 press studs, 2 pockets. On Lower half right and left. Top left pocket with place for pen. Press Stud Closing wrists. collar.Stains on Collaf

1996 Nillumbik Art in Public Places Award (installed late 1997). A biennial program that ceased in 2007. The program commissioned artists to make and install public art in various sites around the Shire. Award judges that year were Tony Trembath and artist Peter D. Cole. Susie Kumar has a Bachelor of Landscape Architecture degree from RMIT and Naomi Kumar has a Bachelor of Fine Art in photography degree from VCA. The Kumar sisters designed the sixty meter gently curving bench in response to the topography of the site, Conventry Oval. The sculpture is designed to describe the boundary between the formal oval and the natural creek bank and a considered relationship to the bike track and the river. It forms a link between the activities and aesthetics of its environment. The work is a comical interpretation of the utilitarian public bench. From a distance the bright red runners (the colour of the local football team's stripe) appear to float about the surrounding green. One end of the work is straight and finished. The other remains 'unfinished' hence allowing for the concept of unlimited extension. The 'legs' (steel hurdles) are arranged with a sense of movement and rhythm in sympathy with the activities happening around the work and with the stands of trees in he background. 'Benchmark' also serves as a functional purpose; providing a choice of places to sit to watch action on the oval. Stainless steel, timber (Victorian Ash) and red enamel paint. Sixty meter long red bench that gently curves in response to Conventry Oval. Bolted on top of evenly spaced stainless steel hurdles, four rows of timber runners are joined to provide unbroken continuous lengths. The bench stands on a framed bed of crushed rock (Lilydale topping).N/Abench, sport, wood, victorian ash, stainless steel, public art, ekphrasis2017

From its origins in 1919 to formation in 1927 of the RSSAILA to 1946 when veterans initiated re-forming a local RSL sub-branch, Eltham sub-branch has grown, with its interesting history enriched with much anecdotal material, photos, and personalities. Includes Nominal Roll of Eltham RSL Sub-Branch Members ( as at 31 December 2001), Eltham Districts Residents who died in the Two World Wars, reference, index of People. Paperback; 112 p. : .ill., ports. ; 21 cm.ISBN 1876615168eltham, eltham rsl sub-branch

A history of the people and events that shaped the Montmorency RSL, including the Montmorency pioneers, the Barling and Petrie families.Includes a short history of the Montmorency area and some of the early settlers in the district.Paperback book, 168 p., illus, Green cover with illustration of RSL building. 2 copies.montmorency rsl, max dimmack, returned services league of australia, petrie family, barling family, montmorency

A history of the people and events that shaped the Eltham RSL. Includes biographical information on some life members of the Eltham RSL.Paperback book, 112 p., illus, Blue cover with illustration of RSL building.eltham rsl sub branch, max dimmack, returned services league of australia, eltham

Newspaper Clipping from "The Mail", 30 October, 1995. P28. "Benchmark seat", written by Charisse WoolcockThe Maroondah Council and the North Ringwood Uniting church contributed towards erecting a park bench in the McAlpin Reserve in North Ringwood

Shire of Eltham infrastructure benchmark studiesRoll of 35mm colour negative film, 4 strips Fuji 100-Sbenchmark studies, infrastructure, speed calming device

Shire of Eltham infrastructure benchmark studiesRoll of 35mm colour negative film, 4 strips Fuji 100-Sbenchmark studies, fawkner street, infrastructure, osborne street, round about, south yarra

Shire of Eltham Infrastructure benchmark studies (see also EDHS_04185)35mm Colour positive transparency Mount - Kodak Card duplicate Also colour photo print enlargement 27 x 35.5 cmbenchmark studies, glen drive, infrastructure, rye, shire of flinders

Shire of Eltham Infrastructure benchmark studies (see also EDHS_03937)35mm Colour positive transparency Mount - Grey and White plastic Also colour photo print enlargement 27 x 35.5 cmbenchmark studies, glen drive, infrastructure, rye, shire of flinders

Diamond Valley Shire new street scheme. Infrastructure benchmark studies35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 24) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Cardinfrastructure, roads, eltham north, dale avenue, riversdale avenue

Diamond Valley Shire new street scheme. Infrastructure benchmark studies35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 24) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Card Colour print enlargement 27 x 35.5 cminfrastructure, roads, eltham north, gracedale avenue, riversdale avenue

Diamond Valley Shire new street scheme. Infrastructure benchmark studies35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 24) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Cardinfrastructure, roads, eltham north, gracedale avenue, riversdale avenue

Eltham Shire Council officers would benchmark road infrastructure in surrounding local government areas. In this case, a private street scheme in a new housing development on Lomic Court, Telmplestowe in what is present-day Manningham City Council. Areas of interest in the photo are the roll over concrete kerbs, brick paving and drainage.35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 15) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Cardinfrastructure, roads, city of manningham, footpaths and gutters, housing estates, templestowe, lomic court

Eltham Shire Council officers would benchmark road infrastructure in surrounding local government areas. In this case, a private street scheme in a new housing development on Lomic Court, Telmplestowe in what is present-day Manningham City Council. Areas of interest in the photo are the roll over concrete kerbs, brick paving and drainage.35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 15) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Cardinfrastructure, roads, city of manningham, footpaths and gutters, housing estates, templestowe, lomic court

Eltham Shire Council officers would benchmark road infrastructure in surrounding local government areas. In this case, the street is most likely a private street scheme in a new housing development in what is present-day Manningham City Council. Areas of interest in the phioto are the roll over concrete kerbs, brick paving at road entrace and drainage.35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 15) Mount - Kodak Kodachrome Cardinfrastructure, roads, city of manningham, footpaths and gutters, housing estates, unidentified, templestowe

It was during the construction of this building that stonemasons put down their tools in April 1856 and marched to the City of Melbourne and inaugurated a movement which won the Eight Hours Day for building workers in Victoria. The victory became an international benchmark in the history of the labour movement. This is the oldest building on campus and was constructed of Tasmanian freestone between 1854 and 1857 to the design of architect Francis M. White. For many years the building was used as the University's Administrative centre, library, lecture rooms and professional residences. The east and west wings were extended in 1930 to the design of J.S. Gawler. The quadrangle was completed in 1969 with the addition of the southern wing which contains the University Council Chamber designed by R.E. Featherstone.Colour photograph in digital format of the arches of a sandstone building at Melbourne University.university of melbourne, eight hours day, eight hour day, 8 hour day, gawler, featherstone, fm white, tasmanian sandstone, sandstone, francis white

The sport of skiing was revolutionized with a technical innovation from Ed Scott. His invention of the first tapered aluminium ski pole immediately replaced the sport's existing use of bamboo and steel. One of Ed Scott’s key associates was Charley French, a former aeronautical engineer who began working with him in Sun Valley, Idaho, USA in 1970. The first project that tackled together was to improve the design of ski boots. From there they progressed to ski goggles. This led to the design of goggles for motorcross. For Charley a natural progression led to the development of the aerodynamic handlebar and mountain bike suspension systems. In 1997, the SCOTT company introduced a technical winter sport apparel line and in 1998 was also producing skis. In 2009 their new Crusair quickly became the benchmark ski for the freeride mountaineering market. SCOTT continue to be innovators for the development of sports equipment and their designs are often worn by champions in skiing, cycling and athletics. These boots were donated by Julian Newton Brown. Stickers were attached to advertise his lodge at Falls Creek. The boots were lightweight allowing a lot of ankle flex, and good support when turning due to stiff cuffs. This type of boot was popular with free skiers.These boots are significant because they demonstrate a stage in the evolving technology of designs for the ski sport industry and also bear the sticker of Julian's Lodge, an iconic business in Falls Creek, Victoria.Lime green plastic, single clip racing boot.Sticker on front of both boots: Julian's Lodgeski equipment, ski boot design, scott ski products, julian's lodge, julian newton brown

The Maribyrnong River flows through the former Shire of Keilor, Shire of Braybrook and the City of Sunshine and now the City of Brimbank. The river has a long history of flooding including the following events; 1906 – The largest flood on record - Highest recorded flood level: 4.50 m at the Chifley Drive gauge. This remains the benchmark flood for the Maribyrnong catchment. This flood washed away the Arundel Road Keilor timber bridge during its construction. 1916 – Early 20th‑century flood - Less documented than 1906 but included in the official count of major events. Occurred during a period of widespread Victorian flooding. 1934 – The Great Melbourne Flood - Part of the catastrophic 1934 state‑wide floods. Maribyrnong catchment experienced severe riverine overflow. This event reshaped early flood‑mitigation thinking across Melbourne. 1974 – Widespread metropolitan flooding - Heavy rainfall across Melbourne caused significant rises in the Maribyrnong. Often referenced in Melbourne Water’s long‑term flood modelling. 1983 – Ash Wednesday period flooding - Occurred during the same climatic cycle as the Ash Wednesday bushfires. Intense rainfall caused rapid rises in the Maribyrnong River. 2011 – La Niña flood cycle - Part of the broader 2010–2011 La Niña flooding across Victoria. Maribyrnong experienced moderate–major riverine flooding. 2022 – The most significant modern flood - One of the worst urban floods in Melbourne in decades. Hundreds of homes inundated; major damage in Maribyrnong, Kensington, Ascot Vale. Triggered a parliamentary inquiry, major insurance issues, and debate over the Flemington Racecourse floodwall. Officially counted as the seventh major flood since 1906.The Maribyrnong River 2022 flood was one of the most significant urban flood events in Melbourne in decades. On 14 October 2022, after days of record‑breaking rain across Victoria, the Maribyrnong River breached its banks, inundating large parts of Keilor, Braybrook, Maribyrnong, Kensington, Ascot Vale, and surrounding suburbs. Many houses and streets in Maribyrnong were flooded by the river including the Angler’s Tavern, Anglers Way, Maribyrnong which was inundated up to the second floor. The flood also damaged many upstream locations including the flat lands of the Maribyrnong Valley, Brimbank Park and washing away part of the historical Arundel Road timber bridge in Keilor, the second time in its 116 year old history.maribyrnong river, flood, angler’s tavern, anglers way, maribyrnong, arundel road bridge, keilor

Australian Policy Activism in Language and Literacy presents the dynamics of language and literacy policy activism in Australia by capturing accounts of many of those most deeply engaged in Australia?s distinctive practice of Language and Literacy policy-making and its effects. This book describes how policy texts came about. 1. From policy to anti-policy: how fear of language rights took policy-making out of community hands /? Joseph Lo Bianco 2. Australia's language /? Paul Brock 3. Politics, activism and processes of policy production: adult literacy in Australia /? Rosie Wickert 4. Although it wasn't broken, it certainly was fixed: interventions in the Australian Adult Migrant English Program 1991-1996 /? Helen Moore 5. Advocating the sustainability of linguistic diversity /? Michael Singh 6. The cost of literacy for some /? Anthea Taylor 7. (E)merging discourses at work: bringing together new and old ways to account for workplace literacy policy /? Geraldine Castleton 8. The melody changes but the dance goes on - tracking adult literacy education in Western Australia from 'learning for life' to 'lifelong learning': policy impacts on practice 1973-1999 /? Margaret McHugh, Jennifer Nevard and Anthea Taylor 9. Sleight of hand: job myths, literacy and social capital /? Ian Falk 10. National literacy benchmarks and the outstreaming of ESL learners /? Penny McKay 11. Open for business: the market, the state and adult literacy in Australia up to and beyond 2000 /? Peter Kell 12. Inventiveness and regression: interpreting/?translating and the vicissitudes of Australian language policy /? Uldis Ozolins 13. Deafness and sign language in government policy documents 1983-1990 /? Des Power 14. Imprisoned by a landmark narrative? Student/?teacher ratios and the making of policy /? Merilyn Childs 15. Ideologies, languages, policies: Australia's ambivalent relationship with learning to communicate in 'other' languages /? Angela Scarino and Leo Papademetre 16. Reconciled to what? Reconciliation and the Norther Territory's bilingual education program, 1973-1998 /? Christine Nicholls 17. Sing out that song: the textual activities of social technologies in an Aboriginal community /? Jack Frawley.language activism, linguistic diversity, adult literacy, education, sign language, reconciliation, esl programs

Bushfire behaviour is influenced by many things including temperature, relative humidity, forest type, fuel quantity and fuel dryness, topography and even slope. Wind has a dominant effect on the Rate of Spread (ROS), and also bushfire size, shape and direction. Fuel arrangement is as important as fuel quantity (tonnes/ha). Fibrous and ribbon bark, together with elevated and near-surface scrub fuels act as ladders which lead flames into the tree canopy. But the availability of fuel to burn depends largely on its moisture content. When it exceeds 20-25% not much will burn, whereas 12-15% is generally ideal for fuel reduction burning, but if the moisture content drops as low as 7-10% virtually everything will ignite, and fire behaviour becomes extreme. During the afternoon of the Ash Wednesday bushfires on 16 February 1983 fuel moisture contents were recorded at Stawell as low as 2.7%. Fine fuels like leaves and bark can rapidly absorb moisture after a shower of rain, or from the air when the Relative Humidity (RH) is high, and the temperature is low. Conversely, they can also dry out very quickly. So even though the overall fuel quantity in the forest doesn’t change, the fine fuel availability can increase rapidly from zero after rain to many tonnes per hectare as the fuel dries out. This can happen over a few hours on hot and windy days. Heavy fuels like logs on the ground take longer to dry out. Since the 1930s foresters, firefighters and researchers have been working to develop quick and reliable techniques for measuring fuel moisture content. One of the most accurate methods is slowly drying a sample of fuel in a conventional oven for 24-48 hours to remove all the moisture and measuring the weight difference, but this takes time and is not practical in the field when rapid measurements are needed. But oven drying is often used as a benchmark to compare other methods. Microwave ovens are faster but can cause uneven drying and even char the fuel. They are also not very practical for use in the field. Some mathematical models rely on weather records such as rainfall, wind speed, evaporation, cloud cover, shading, relative humidity, slope, aspect and season of the year to predict soil and fuel moisture. The Keetch-Byram Drought Index of soil dryness is the most common. But complex fuels with leaves, twigs, grass etc make the predictive models often inadequate for fine fuels. The most common technique in Victorian forests until recently was the trusty Speedy Moisture Meter. Originally developed in England during the 1920s for measuring moisture in wheat and other grains it was adapted for Australian forest fuels in the 1950s (I think). Fuel was first ground using a Spong mincer, often attached to the bullbar of a vehicle, and a small sample placed into the Speedy together with a measure of calcium carbide and then sealed. A chemical reaction created gas pressure which was read on the external dial. There were important techniques with cleaning, mincing and using the chemicals with the Speedy to give reliable readings, but it was quick, inexpensive, robust, portable and practical in the field. It was used routinely before igniting a fuel reduction burn or measuring fuel moisture differentials on slash burns. But in about 1996, Karen Chatto and Kevin Tolhurst from the Department’s Creswick Research Station developed the Wiltronics Fuel Moisture meter which measured electrical resistance. Wiltronics is an Australian owned company operating from Ballarat. The final result was a kit that was portable, accurate and could reliably measure fuel moisture contents between 3% and 200%. Although expensive, it is now widely used by fire agencies around the world which has virtually relegated the Speedy to the back cupboard.Prototype Fuel moisture meterT-H Fine Fuel Meterforests commission victoria (fcv), bushfire, forest measurement

0 - No 9 - 1/4/2011 - Rhinos on skateboards, Did you know, Spencer St works, 00 - No 10 - 19/4/2011 - safety boards, busting ghost routes, works alerts, travelling without tickets, launch of a new tram network maps and compliments received from customers. .1 - No. 11 of 3/5/2011 with the revised Yarra trams logo, traffic priority, work over Easter in Spencer St at Bourke and Collins St, Good Friday appeal, safety, passenger feedback and future works. .2 - No. 13 - 31/5/2011 - new uniform, cleaning, CEPR, trackwork - Fitzroy St, Northcote, Rhino, Carlton Control. .3 - No. 14 - 15/6/2011 - Haymarket Roundabout, accessibility, maintenance, CSE. 3a - No. 16 - 19/7/2011 - Managers on the move, Trevor Jones, Yarra's vision, Richard Ch'ng and Rhino update. .4 - No. 17 - 2/8/2011 - High St Westgarth trackwork, Swanston St, IMF CEO visit .5 - No. 18 - 16/8/2011 - Performance benchmarks met, Preston Workshops, repairs to 3018, tram signal priority. .6 - No . 19 - 30/8/2011 - New E class trams, routes "a" or "d", TramTracker in shelters, police, fare evasion .7 - No. 20 - 15/9/2011 - Football trams, Superstops, Bridge Road, Rhinos. .8 - No. 21 - 27/9/2011 - CEO's journey to work, accessibility, increased patronage, E class. .8a - No. 22 - 11/10/2011 - Minister Mulder visit, E class, Customer experience, Elizabeth Kerdelhue Corporate Affairs Director, flood indicator in Wellington Parade, Keolis - Orleans and PTV coming your way. .9 - No. 23 - 25/10/2011 - forthcoming royal visit, opening for Footscray Road extension, Rhinos, Stockholm .10 - No. 24 - 8/11/2011- Royal visit, photos, Z3 158, route 86 works in High St. (see htd5043i21 for a image from an unknown newspaper of the actual event - features Z3 158.) .11 - No. 25 - 22/11/2011 - new staff guide, Gold Coast tram line, Macarthur St, overhead, fund raising, route numbering update. .12 - No. 26 - 6/12/2011 - Swanston St Superstops, Newmarket bridge strikes, rhinos. .13 - No. 27 - 20/12/2011 - Christmas carnival, Lenny Bates, portable crossover, uniforms. .14 - No. 28 - 17/1/2012 - Passing of Len Bates, Myki, Gardiner railway station. 14a - No. 29 - 31/1/2012 - Southbank depot, patronage, myki, think like a passenger, fatigue management, .15 - No. 30 - 15/2/2012 - visit of Keolis, SNCF people, list of Executive leadership team with photos, Swanston St works, Myki introduction. .16 - No. 31 - 29/2/2012 - patronage up, tram postage stamps, Myki, rhinos. .17 - No. 32 - 14/3/2012 - St Kilda Rd trackwork, fund raising, Southbank Depot extensions, Myki, driving conditions, grand prix. .18 - No. 33 - 30/3/2012 - introduction of the PTV, end of MetLink and Transport Ticketing Authority, changes in management structure, trackwork, Gold Coast tramway and Keolis. .19 - No. 34 - Dr Jake - Royal children's Hospital super stop, route 96 - Premium line. .20 - No. 35, 2/5/2012 - Revision of Rules, trackwork in St Kilda Road and Elizabeth St, Myki, safety - Zero Harm. .21 - No. 69 - 25/9/2013 - Passengers paying their way, E class update, Mal Ashworth retires, progress report, feedback, new chime on trams. .22 - No. 70 - 9/10/2013 - Art comes alive, tram 925, driver simulator at Preston Workshops, E class project, 90th Glen Huntly. .23 - No. 83 - 23/4/2014 - Screen time for trams, new PIDs on B class, assistance animals, Operations Centre, Preston Workshops, Electrical log sheets to SLV. .24 - No. 89 - 23/7/2014 - punctuality, refresh of network map (fold-out map), women drivers. .25 - No. 97 - 19/11/2014 - Revitalising route 96, Keolis news, free tram zone, guide dogs. .26 - No. 99 - 17/12/2014 - Accessibility week, new uniform top for CSE's, free tram zone, world trade centre stop upgrade, heat stress, Art tram 158. .27 - No. 100 - 14/1/2015 - Route 96 complete, New Years eve free travel, fare compliance, patronage down, .28 - No. 12 - 16/5/2011 - Gold coast tramway, performance dashboard, tramworks and the rhino .29 - No. 16 - 19/7/2011 - Depot managers, tevor jones, record patronage, vision, rhino .30 - No. 17 - 2/8/2011 - High St Westgarth works, Duncan Smith, David Clarke Training, Swanston St works, and Preston Workshops . .32 - No. 39 - 28/6.2012 - maintenance, Emmanual Sorin, transformation, fare evasion, and Combino in Potsdam. .33 - No. 105 - 25/3/2015 - Grand Prix, Elgin and Lygon upgrade, Camberwell Junction, PTV hub, overhead. .34 - No. 78 - 12/2/2014 - January heatwave, Australian Open, Mark Wild of PTV, and Curt Skinner - voice in Channel 10 series Get Ace .35 - No. 81 - 26/3/2014 - drug and alcohol testing, zero harm, Victoria Bridge works, Keolis, relations with Toronto, Collins St safety and incident on a route 57 tram. .36 - No. 109 - 20/5/2015 - Goodbye Z class, Hello E class, Kew Depot centenary, drug & alcohol reminder, passenger satisfaction, Anzac day, B class life extension. .37 - No. 110 - 3/6/2015 - 3rd W class tram back grom Bendigo, employer of the year, CSE's go digital, Camberwell depot, Queensbridge tram and bus stop and Tram Hub preview. .38 - No. 115 - Feb. 2016 - 12 page centre stapled - New Year's eve services, spike the rhino is back, Burke Road level crossing removed, more E class, safe network in 2106, tennis, customers happy, New Preston depot, Farewell to Clement, Z class 40 years on network.Demonstrates Yarra trams staff newsletters.Set of 34 Yarra Trams internal newsletter "The Wire", All A4, printed in full colour. All four pages unless noted otherwise, full colour, performance snapshot on front cover.trams, tramways, yarra trams, traffic control, trackwork, spencer st, fund raising, operations, rhinos, carlton control, high st, haymarket, preston workshops, e class, route numbers, bridge road, wellington parade, ptv, royal visit, footscray road, gold coast, macarthur st, swanston st, superstops, newmarket, gardiner, burke road, level crossings, railway squares, myki, metlink, tickets, route 96, rules, st kilda road, elizabeth st, tram 158, tram 925, glen huntly depot, simulator, b class, opeations centre, art trams, patronage, kew depot, new preston, queensbridge, w class, bendigo, map

54 pages, 11 Appendicesnon-fictionA restructure proposal by the Shire of Eltham, named the municipality of Yarra Ranges, reflects a strategic focus. It has natural boundaries and a strong sense of place built on communities of interest. Prepared in consultation with the community and neigbouring municipalities of Diamond Valley and Heidelberg. Contents include: Principles for change, rationale for the proposal, mergers and other restructure proposals. Appendices include: community consultation, Metropolitan Green Wedge Strategy, Constituent Council Benchmark, external refernce benchmark - Moreland, communities of interest, conservation and landcare groups, social profile, key financial management strategies and more.local government, municipal restructuring, council amalgamation

Reference report associated with photos: EDHS_05569-30-4 Box Hill Tip EDHS_05569-30-6 Camberwell Tip EDHS_05569-30-7 Camberwell Tip EDHS_05569-30-8 Camberwell TipRecord of various Shire of Eltham infrastructure works undertaken during the period of 1952-1962 involving bridge and road reconstruction projects, sometimes with Eltham Shire Council Project Reference numbers quoted. It was during this period that a number of significant improvements were made to roads and new bridges constructed within the shire that remain in place as of present day (2022). In many situations, the photos provide a tangible visible record of infrastructure that existed throughout the early days of the Shire. The album was put together by or under the direction of the Shire Engineer, J.A. McDonald.infrastructure, shire of eltham, benchmark studies, box hill state school, box hill teachers college, box hill tip, andrew park, camberwell city council tip, eltham lower park, eltham tip, health inspector, heidelberg city tip, j.a. mcdonald, montmorency park, panorama avenue, report, road construction, shire engineer, skyline theatre, tips, w.u. hughes, works committee: garbage disposal

Dendrites are deposits of black minerals, typically manganese oxides that precipitated from water seeping through fractures in fine-grain rocks like a sandstone or limestone. Dendrites are much less regular than plant fossils and lacks vein structures. The manganese cryztallizes through the process called 'supercooling'. Some samples of dendrites occur in volcanic rocks in the Lilydale district, east of Melbourne. Sandstones are made of tiny sand grains that may have been deposited in the sea and later formed together. Most sandstones are made of quartz which are chemically-resistant minerals. This particular specimen was donated by Alfred Selwyn in 1868 as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria. It is connected to the original 1875 catalogue on Geological Specimen with number 189 'Quartz Crystals_Quartz Crystals (two are polished)'Dendrites on sandstones This specimen is an important contribution to the geological history of Victoria, as well as its links to the 1868 Geological Survey of Victoria. This specimen is part of larger collection of significant geological specimens in the Burke Museum that was collected from around the world between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collection as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria 1852-1974. The Geological Survey of Victoria was an organisation founded in response to the Victorian gold rush to explore the geological and mineral resources and to record a detailed map of the state. It was headed by British geologist, Alfred Richard Cecil Selwyn (1824-1902), who was responsible for issuing over 60 geological maps during his 17 years as director. These maps were all hand-drawn and coloured and became the benchmark for accuracy for geological mapping. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study. A hand-sized slice of light brown sandstone with dendrites formed from crystallized manganese oxide.Existing label: Not sure what / 'Slica dondrites' / means. / Sample is sandstone and original label / identifies it as from / the Grampians near Stawell. / C. Willman / 15/4/21 Other label: [illegible] / stone [ illegible] / from Grampians Stawell / 1894 /geological specimen, geology, geology collection, burke museum, beechworth, dendrites, sandstones, quartz, lilydale district, geological survey of victoria, grampians, victoria rocks, minerals, rocks, manganese oxides, alfred selwyn