This account book was used by the Orbost Shire council to record payments made for work done on the Bete Bolong Drainage Area between 1910 and 1913. The item was donated to Orbost & District Historical society from P.R.O.V. as a Place of Deposit (POD) item for safe keeping by a local history group or museum. The shire covered an area of 9,347 square kilometres and existed from 1892 until 1994 when it became part of the East Gippsland Shire Council. Orbost was at first included in the Bairnsdale Shire from 1882 and was later part of the Tambo Shire. Because of travelling distances the Croajingalong Shire was created in 1892 (name changed to Orbost Shire 17.2.1893 with James Cameron as the first Shire President. In 1994 it amalgamated to become part of East Gippsland Shire Council. This item is a hand-written record of the accounts of the local government. The Orbost Shire Council no longer exists having been absorbed by the East Gippsland Shire Council.A brown leatherette, hard cover book. In gold lettering on the front is "BETE BOLONG DRAINAGE AREA PAY SHEET". It contains records of payments made for work done 1910-1913.In gold lettering on the front is "BETE BOLONG DRAINAGE AREA PAY SHEET".bete-bolong-drainage-area accounts orbost-shire -council

This is Issue No. 5 of "The Curlip". The magazine is a compilation of research from a trip by the Orbost & District Historical Society to Bete Bolong. The Bete Bolong Prisoner of War Camp was located on the south side of the Buchan - Orbost Rd. From November 1943 to November 1945, Italian prisoners of war were based at Bete Bolong, cultivating maize, peas, beans and other vegetables on local farms. Unlike other 'farming' prisoners of war, those at Bete Bolong did not live with the farming families, but at a Prisoner of War Control Centre on Crown land overlooking the Snowy River Flats. About fifty Italian prisoners lived at the centre, along with an Australian Military Force staff of approximately seven people. The prisoners were driven to and from the farms each day. Three of them apparently simply swam across the river to work. They worked a six day week, with Sundays off. Although they were provided with rations, both prisoners and staff maintained vegetable and flower gardens. They were also skilled at cooking 'anything' they could catch, and at making illegal "grappa". Very few of the Italians were experienced farm workers. Some of them used their skills to make things for the families they worked for; a cabinet-maker made furniture , a cobbler made shoes, etc. They interacted with the local community and, although they were not supposed to go within one kilometre of town, some were found at local dances on Saturday nights. As recreation the prisoners were allowed to walk along the road to the west of the camp. Local people from both sides of the river could hear them sing as they walked. The prisoners also helped to construct an 'ant bed' tennis court on a property adjacent to the centre. Although now overgrown, the site of the tennis court can still be discerned as a flat area above the site of the centre. (ref./vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au)This item is a useful reference tool on the history of the Prisoner of War Camp at Bete Bolong, Orbost.A spiral bound book with a clear plastic cover. On the front is a coloured photograph of a view from the site of the P.O.W. camp at the intersection of Bete Bolong and Buchan Roads at Bete Bolong. Above is the title "Prisoner of War Camp Bete Bolong, Vic. 1943-1946" in black print on a white background. p.o.w.-camp-orbost ww11 bete-bolong

In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building.This item is associated with the history of education in the Orbost districtA small black / white photograph of students from the Bete Bolong State School at the District Sports.on back - S.S. Bete Bolongeducation-orbost bete-bolong-state-school

This photograph is of a cutting on a road at Bete Bolong known as Hofen's Cutting. This photograph was taken c. 1906 when transport was by horse, wagon and prior to cars and railways.This is a pictorial record of early Bete Bolong showing a road through a cutting which was known as Hofen's cutting. Two black / white photographs showing a dirt road heading down a cutting with a post and rail wooden fence on the left side in the background. In 958.1 there is a cut - away hillside beside the dirt road.on back - "Newmerella" (note: this location is at Bete Bolong and not on Newmerella Hill) 958.1 - on back - "Hofen's Bluff 1906"bete bolong, orbost, tracks/roads

In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building. Students attending the school at this time included Russells, Johnstones, Reeves, Healeys, Kavanaghs, Phillips, Rodwells, Mills, Baileys, Gilberts and Masons.This item is associated with the history of education in the Orbost district.A black / white photograph of two Bete Bolong State School pupils - girls - standing against a large tree trunk with a scarecrow between them.on back - handwritten " Hilda Russell & Elsie Morrison on Guy Gawkes at Bete Bolong"education-orbost bete-bolong

Orbost was at first included in the Bairnsdale Shire from 1882 and was later part of the Tambo Shire. This is a useful research toolA paper shire map of Bete Bolong South, County of Tambo.documents-map-bete-bolong tambo-shire

The Bete Bolong School was one of the many small schools in rural areas of East Gippsland. These schools developed during the first half of the 20th Century and functioned until bus transport in the 1950s,60s. brought the children to more regional schools at Orbost. This photograph is significant because it shows the pupils of Bete Bolong School in 1941. A b/w copy of a school photograph. Two rows of children standing, and a front row sitting. A child in the middle of the front row holds a small blackboard with the words SS3713 Bete Bolong 1941 written in white text. The photo has originally been mounted onto a grey cardboard. A white printed label with the names of the students has been attached to the mid-bottom of the photograph. Printed onto the white paper attachment to the bottom of the photograph: Correction June 1999 Back - John McKeown, Dawn McCole, Anne Richardson, Coverdale, Coverdale, Ginger Johnstone Middle - Jan McKeown, -------, Dorothy Healey, Mary Russell, Elvie Percil Front - Frank Rodwell, Pat Purcell, Coverdale, Len Healey, Gil Richardson, Ray Wait education, bete bolong school

This is one of many photographs taken throughout the 20th century of the Snowy River in flood. Although the township of Orbost was built above the floodplain, much of the really fertile farming land is flood liable. From the earliest days of 'white' settlement (1870s), floods were a fact of life, both a blessing and a liability, often causing severe damage.This photograph is significant because it is shows the Snowy River in flood at Bete Bolong. A small b/w photograph showing a river in flood with a number of horses on the right hand side, some are wearing coats. In the background is a crop (possibly maize) and trees both alive and dead.On the back of the photo, handwritten in black ink: 'River in flood, horses on last bit of grass, Bete Bolong'.snowy river, bete bolong, floods

Tennis days were always held at the tennis courts at Bete Bolong. Those in this photograph are: (L to R) Alan Richardson; Jack Irvine; Marion Nixon; Molly Thompson; Inez Pardew; Stacy and Cleve McKeon. This item is a pictorial representation of Orbost in the 1930s. It records a common recreational activity - the dress and social aspects of tennis at that time.A small black / white photograph of seven people sitting on a wooden bench. They are dressed in tennis outfits - probably white.on back - "Tennis at Bete Bolong" with a list of namessport-tennis bete-bolong recreation

In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building. Students attending the school at this time included Russells, Johnstones, Reeves, Healeys, Kavanaghs, Phillips, Rodwells, Mills, Baileys, Gilberts and Masons. Mr. Oswald S. Green taught at Bete Bolong State School until he was appointed to Rokewood Junction in August 1937. This photograph is associated with the history of education in the Orbost district. There is no longer a school at Bete Bolong.A small black / white photograph of students and teachers standing outside a school.on back - " Bete Bolong School , 1937"bete-bolong-state-school education-orbost

In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building. Students attending the school at this time included Russells, Johnstones, Reeves, Healeys, Kavanaghs, Phillips, Rodwells, Mills, Baileys, Gilberts and Masons. Mr. Oswald S. Green taught at Bete Bolong State School until he was appointed to Rokewood Junction in August 1937.This item is associated with the history of education in the Orbost district. There is no longer a school at Bete Bolong.A small black / white photograph of students sitting in a classroom.on back - "Bete Bolong School, 1937. O.S. Green was H.T."bete-bolong-school pumpkin-point green-o.s.

This school photograph has been identified by Mary Gilbert as being of Bete Bolong students with their teacher. The names are written on a separate piece of paper which was attached to the photograph. Back Row - George Healey; George Madden; Bert Paton; Harold Cumming; Charlie Ingram; Stan Paton; Bill Madden; Frank Sealey; Tom Cumming; Ted Johnston Middle Row - Rita Mundy; Ruby Richardson; Mary Cumming; Mollie Ingram; Clarrie Paton; Irene Richardson; Ella Paton; Ena Cumming; Grace Mundy; Violet Sealey; Maggie Webb; Bertha Johnstone Front Row - Billy Ingram; Ernie Sealey; Archie Johnston; Rupert Madden; Ron Healey; Jack Cumming; Gordon Healey; Mrs Hannak (?) Conner - teacher n 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure.This photograph is associated with education in Orbost. There is no longer a school at Bete Bolong.A black / white photograph of a group of school children with an adult. Behind the three rows of children is a wall and windows. The back row is standing,the middle seated and the front row kneeling. The photograph is glued onto a brown cardboard mount with embossed decoration. On the front bottom right in red lettering "W Stanley Vogt, BAIRNSDALE".BETE BOLONG STATE SCHOOL W.Stanley Vogt, BAIRNSDALEbete-bolong-state-school education-orbost

This ledger was used by the Shire of Orbost from 1910 -1925. The item was donated to Orbost & District Historical society from P.R.O.V. as a Place of Deposit (POD) item for safe keeping by a local history group or museum. The shire covered an area of 9,347 square kilometres and existed from 1892 until 1994 when it became part of the East Gippsland Shire Council. Orbost was at first included in the Bairnsdale Shire from 1882 and was later part of the Tambo Shire. Because of travelling distances the Croajingalong Shire was created in 1892 (name changed to Orbost Shire 17.2.1893 with James Cameron as the first Shire President. In 1994 it amalgamated to become part of East Gippsland Shire Council. This item is a hand-written record of the accounts of the Orbost Shire local government. It pre-dates computer records. The Orbost Shire council no longer exists having been absorbed by the East Gippsland Shire council.A ledger with ablack cover with brown leather binding.Pages have marbled edges. It contains hand-written records of transactions relating to the Bete Bolong South Drainage Area.on spine - gold lettering on red " Cash Book" and "Bete Bolong South Drainage Area" ; gold lettering on black " Shire of Orbost"ledger orbost-shire accounts bete-bolong-south-drainage-area

This item has been identified by David Nixon as the workbook of George Henry Douglas Russell (Doug) of Bete Bolong. He was the second son of John and Elizabeth Russell. John Russell wasblacksmith in Orbost. His family were Jack, Doug, Dave and Billy. Doug was in WW! where he was a Veterinary Sergeant. After the war he came bach to Orbost and his father gave him the farm at Bete Bolong to work. This farm is on the corner of Birkins Lane and Buchan Road (presently owned By Ginger and Helen Johnstone). He started farming tgere in 1920 and married Hilda Raymond in 1922. The slatted barn and house still exist. David Nixon, the donor, married a daughter of Doug and Hilda Russell and worked the farm from 1947-1973. He found the diary at the farm. This item is a valuable record of agricultural practices in the Orbost district during the 1920's.An exercise book with a worn black cover and a faded red spine. It contains hand-written records of farm accounts. russell- bete-bolong diary-farming agriculture

This book was compiled after an Orbost Historical Society bus trip to the site of the Prisoner of War Camp at Bete Bolong.This is a locally produced history book which is a useful reference for research into the history of Orbost.A 26 pp spiral bound book with a pale grey cover titled THE CURLIP NO 5, PRISONER OF WAR CAMP, Bete Bolong, Vic. 1943-1946. On the front cover in the top right hand corner is black sketch of a large paddle wheel with the P.S. Curlip in front of it. There is a coloured photograph of the view from the site of the P.O.W. Camp at the intersection of Bete Bolong and Buchan Roads.orbost-history bete-bolong ww11 prisoner-of-war-camp italian-prisoners

This photograph was taken at an excursion for students of Jarrahmond State School and Bete Bolong State School to Fairleigh, the Jarrahmond home of the Lynn family.This item is associated with the history of education in the Orbost district as well as with the Lynn family, a prominent family in early Orbost.Two black / white photographs - on original and one copy - showing a group of students sitting on a verandah.on back - handwritten -" Bete Bolong & Jarrahmond pupils at the home of Mr & Mrs Jim Lynne of Jarrahmond."education-orbost jarrahmond-state-school bete-bolong-state-school lynn-family-fairleigh

In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building. Students attending the school at this time included Russells, Johnstones, Reeves, Healeys, Kavanaghs, Phillips, Rodwells, Mills, Baileys, Gilberts and Masons.These photographs are associated with the history of education in the Orbost district. There is no longer a school at Bete Bolong.Two small photographs of students standing at the doorway of a school building.photograph-bete-bolong-school eductation-orbost

Colour photograph showing Tim Findley Brent Reynolds and Hayden Trewin placegetters in a Motor Cross event at Kleinitz property Bete Bolong Victoriaclubs, sports

Colour photograph showing Adam Herbert Richard Blay and Stephen Zapelli place getters in Junior event Motor Bike Club meet at Kleinite property Bete Bolong Victoriacelebrations, people

Colour photograph showing Daniel Joiner Kyle DeCecco and Sam Whelan place getters of 80cc B grade Motor Cross meet at Kleinitz property Bete Bolong Victoriaclubs, sports, events

Colour photograph showing Ben Dyllan Damien Alcodk and Jason Basaler placegetter in 125 cc Junior Motor Cross event held at Klienite property Bete Bolong Victoriaclubs, sports, events

Colour photograph showing placegetters Brad and Rowan Stzynda, Mick Zapelli ,Luke Irish, Daniel Williamson, Ben Dyllan, Jason Herbert, Evan Bott at Motor Cross event at Kleinitz property Bete Bolong Victoriaclubs, sports, events

This issue was produced to consolidate information gathered on the inaugural Historical Bus Trip organised by the Orbost Historical Society on Saturday 28th May, 2005. It developed from a four page flyer produced for the bus trip. Additional information collected on the day was collated and added to create this magazine/book. John Phillips did the original research.This is a locally created book on the history of the Orbost district and is a useful research tool.A 15 pp white covered book which is spiral bound. It has a plastic cover and is titled in black text : THE CURLIP ISSUE N0 : 4 Historical Information Bete Bolong, Newmerella, Corringle and Lochend.On front cover: SLAB HUT COPY in red inkorbost-history bete-bolong corringle newmerella lochend

This photograph is of two Russell children, from a farm at Bete Bolong, Orbost district. The photo was taken in c.1950s-1960s.This photograph is significant because it is of two Orbost boys, both members of the pioneering Russell family of Bete Bolong, Orbost. A b/w photograph of two boys, both wearing similar coats and ties. The ties have small images of horses on them. The boy on the l.h.s. has curly hair. Charles (Tiger) and Robert Richard (Biddy) Russell. boys, bete bolong, russell

This is a photograph of students at Bete Bolong School in 1941. Back Row - John McKeown; Dawn McCole; Anne Richardson; Mavis Coverdale; Joan Richardson; Leslie (Ginger) Johnstone Middle Row - Jan McKeown; Mary Coverdale; Dorothy Healey; Mary Russell; Elvie Purcell; Leslie McKeown; Barbara Johnstone Front Row - Frank Rodwell; Pat Purcell; ? Coverdale; Clem Healey; Gil Richardson; Ray Wait In 1912 the school at Pumpkin Point opened to serve the children of farmers living in the Bete Bolong district. This meant a big change in their way of life because in the past the children had been rowed across the Snowy River each day to attend school at Jarrahmond. Myrtle Bunting was the first HT of the school which had been erected on a block of land purchased from H. Richardson. The school functioned until 1952 when a shortage of pupils caused its closure. As a bus service to Orbost now operated, the school at Pumpkin Point faced permanent closure. J. McKeown bought the building. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is a pictorial record associated with education in the Orbost district,A black and photograph on a light grey card. It has three rows of school children in front of a wooden building. Some are in uniform. attacched is a list of children in the photograph.at bottom - handwritten list of names

For security reasons, tokens were used in Australian WW11 Internment Camps. They were introduced in 19433 to replace the paper canteen coupons. This token was used at the internment camp at Bete Bolong just outside Orbost during WW11. This camp was established in 1943 and was there until 1946. The internees had been transferred from the camp at Murchison East to provide farm labour. The coin was given to Lindsay Thomson when he was a student.This token was used at the Bete Bolong POW camp from 1943-1945. This camp housed Italian POWs, some of whom remained/returned after the war to settle in Orbost.An internment camp coin. This is a one penny coin token with a hole in the centre. It is made of brass.ONE PENNY INTERNMENT CAMPStoken ww11 bete-bolong internment-camp

This is a photograph of Dave Hawkless crossing the Snowy River at Bete Bolong with a wagon load of maize from the farm of Sam Lynn. David Hawkless was married to Mary Downey in 1906. They had five children. Samuel James Lynn was born in 1865 in Coleraine, Northern Ireland. His father was James Lynn and his mother was Mary Jane Keith. Sam, as he was known, was the second of three brothers, his older brother being William and his younger brother was John Wilson Lynn. (info. Margaret Hollands) Samuel Lynn was a well-known Orbost pioneer. He owned much property throughout the district , bred Clydesdale horses and fattened about 600 cattle. He was in great demand as a judge of both cattle and horses at agricultural shows in Victoria and interstate. He was a shire councillor for 30 years and president several times. He took a great interest in the sporting clubs of the town and played cricket until late in life. He was goal umpire for the local football team for many years, judged for the Orbost Racing Club and was the first president of the Orbost Bowls Club. He was also a member of the first municipal band.This is a pictorial record of the transporting of maize in the Orbost district in th late 19th century. It is associated with Sam Lynn, a prominent citizen of early Orbost.A small black / white photograph of wagons crossing a river. There is a man on a horse beside what appears to be a team of bullocks pulling a loaded wagon.hawkless-david agriculture-maize transport

Found at Hofen's Bluff at Bete Bolong in 1936 by Barry McLeod. Inspected by George Rawlings 6.2.2013.This fossil is an example of the geological history of the Orbost area.A rock with a piece of shark tooth embedded in it. It was found at Hofen's Bluff at Bete Bolong. It belongs to the Oligocene Miocene Age (20 million years ago). The tooth is from the upper jaw probably near the front from a white pointer shark about 6o metres long. Carcharodon Megalodon.fossil shark-tooth hofen's-bluff white-pointer .

James came to Australia from Plymouth on the ship "Mobile" arriving 16/11/1853 aged 22. he married Alice Roberts on November 27, 1861. With a large young family he moved from Central Victoria to Glengarry in Gippsland where he farmed and set up sawmills at Glengarry and Rosedale. After hearing of land grants at Orbost and investigating the possibilities with Elizabeth, his eldest daughter he selected land at Pumpkin Point, Bete Bolong. The whole family (ten children from 23years - 2years) eventually moved to Orbost around 1885. ( read "From White Knowle to Pumpkin Point" by Hon Peter Nixon A.O.) He had the first saw mill. He convened the meeting that established butter factory foundation and shares and was the first Agricultural Show president,James Nixon was a significant and influential citizen of Orbost's early years.Portrait done in oils of Nixon, James Mr. The portrait is of the bust of Nixon in a tuxedo with blue to grey background. Timber finish frame.nixon-james orbost-bete-bolong pumpkin-point

Food, clothing and other products were in short supply in Australia during World War II. The first controls over the production and distribution of products were introduced in 1940, partly due to disruption of shipping. In 1942, after Japan entered the War, comprehensive rationing was introduced to manage shortages and control civilian consumption. The first product to be rationed was clothing on 12 June 1942. Each adult was allowed 112 clothing coupons per year. Tea rationing was introduced the following month, followed by sugar, butter and then meat. After the War, rationing was gradually phased out. Clothing rationing was abolished on 24 June1948. The last rationed product was tea, which ended in July 1950.A soft green/brown rectangular leather wallet with metal clasp. Wallet contains W.W.11 ration books and identity cards. Ration cards are for clothing, meat, tea and butter, motor spiritsIdentity cards - Annie Penuel Richardson Bete Bolong; John Gilbert Richardson Bete Bolong Meat Ration card - J.G. Richardson, Scotch College; Annie P. Richardson ; Frank E. Richardson Bete Bolongwallet rationing w w 11 personal-effects money