The Let 13 Blanik was designed in 1956 by Karel Dlouhý of VZLÚ Letňany as a training glider. It filled that role very well and approximately 3000 have been built since production started in 1958. However, following a fatal accident involving a Blanik in Austria in 2010 that raised concerns about main spar metal fatigue, the type was grounded in Europe and America. In Australia, the extension of the life of this type of glider beyond 5000 hours / 18000 launches is dependent on compliance with directives for the inspection and modification of fatigue critical components. It is understood that VH-GAQ was built in 1971 and first registered on 14 August 1972. It is a Blanik that has been retired from service because of the metal fatigue concerns that apply to the type generally and the expense involved in complying with the applicable directives for on-going airworthiness certification. VH-GAQ was donated to the Australian Gliding Museum by the Australian Junior Gliding Club in 2010. Popular mass produced, metal, two seat sailplane. Used by many clubs in Australia in the 1970s. The Blanik VH-GAQ is a large two seat glider – sailplane of metal construction. It is finished in a white colour scheme with red detailing consisting of a red fuselage nose and adjoining red stripe along the fuselage sides to about midships. The control surfaces (ailerons, flaps, elevators and rudder) are covered with aircraft fabric and painted silver. The Perspex canopy fully encloses the cockpit which is fully equipped for dual flying. Registration VH-GAQ in black on sides of fuselage to the rearaustralian gliding, glider, sailplane, let kunovice, blanik

The Skylark 4, the final in the Slingsby Skylark series, dates from 1961. The design heralded a trend towards the use of plastics in the construction of gliders. Slingsby incorporated GRP (glass reinforced plastic) panels to achieve a streamlined fuselage nose and cockpit area while retaining the more traditional wood techniques for the rest of the aircraft. Another notable feature was the smooth wing surface that was obtained using a Gaboon ply skin across the ribs. Best glide performance of 1:33 was found to be comparable with the early full GRP glider designs. The Museum’s example (VH-GTB – C/N 1382) was built in 1963 and originally owned by Chuck Bentson of the UK. It was brought to Australia in 1967 by Jeremy Picket-Heaps and flown at various places including Benalla, Cooma and Gundaroo. In 1970 the glider was transferred to the New England Soaring Club. Many flights were made from Armidale and Bellata in Northern New South Wales. On one occasion, the glider was kept aloft for 8 hours 45 minutes and on another the pilot took it around a 500 kilometre triangle in nearly 8 hours. In 1980 it was sold to Ralph (“Feathers”) Crompton and was flown extensively in South Australia until 1988. The final owner before the glider was given to the Museum in 2004 was Ross Dutton of Melbourne. The last recorded flight occurred in 1992. The glider at that point had logged over 2000 hours flying time from about 2000 launches. The airframe is currently being restored to flying condition. Technically this aircraft represents the state of the art at the stage that sailplane design was changing from traditional wood construction to composites (GRP) The Slingsby Skylark 4 is high wing single seat sailplane of mainly wooden construction with plywood and fabric covering. However, the cockpit and forward part of the fuselage consists of glass reinforced plastic which was innovative at the time that the type was designed. The cockpit provides for a semi reclining position for the pilot protected with a full Perspex canopy. The wings are made up of a centre section with constant chord and tapered wing tips. The aircraft has a conventional arrangement for the tail stabiliser / control surfaces. The sailplane bears construction number 1382 and is registered in Australia as VH-GTBaustralian gliding, glider, sailplane, skylark, slingsby, bentson, picket-heaps, crompton, new england soaring club, dutton

Photo shows MMTB Scrubber No. 5 at Preston Workshops. The tram was constructed by the Melbourne & Brunswick Tramways Trust in 1917-1918 to control dust on partly surfaced roads. Converted by the MMTB to a scrubber in 1932, and withdrawn during 1959 and scrapped during 1966.Yields information about MMTB Scrubber trams.Black and white on Kodak papertramways, trams, scrubber 5, mbctt

Agfa plastic mount (blue base, white cover) of a photograph of No. 43 at corner of Sturt St and Lydiard St, on the curved track into Lydiard St. North with both poles down, front truck derailed. A policeman is walking at the back of the tram - controlling traffic. The road surface is wet. Has the Ballarat Post Office in the background. Tram has the destination of Lydiard St. North. Photo taken mid to late 1960's. Tramcar has a SEC "Everything's under control in my all electric kitchen" roof advertisement. The slide could be a copy slide, given the nature of the colour and the additional number WP410. Photographer could be Bill Pearce (WP). Slide rescanned at 3200 dpi 25-10-2020, jpg replaced, tiff file retained. This file was scanned in 2003 and may show colour changes."BAS 53 in penciltramways, trams, lydiard st north, sturt st, derailments, accidents, tram 43

Wooden mallets are usually used in carpentry or by a cooper to knock wooden pieces together, or to drive barrel bungs, dowels or chisels. A wooden mallet will not deform the striking end of a metal tool, as most metal hammers would. It is also used to reduce the force driving the cutting edge of a chisel, giving better control. Hardwood mallets are also used by a cooper to knock bungs or other wooden parts of a barrel in place.A significant tool a carpenter or cooper would use to knock wooden staves or furniture parts in place without damaging the soft surface of the timber being used. Item at this time cannot be associated with an historical event, person or place, provenance is unknown, item assessed as a collection asset as it is believed to have been produced before 1950.Mallet large with wooden handle attached to wooden head with 2 metal ferrules at top and bottom of head Nonewarrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, coopers tools, wooden mallet, barrel bung, carpenters tool, hammer

Willgodt T. Odhner invented his very successful “pinwheel” four-function calculator mechanism in Russia in 1874, and his invention was cloned by numerous companies, resulting in dozens of similar models that remained in wide use for almost a century. Numbers are dialed into the sliding levers on the top part of the machine, and are added to the register visible in the carriage at the bottom when the large crank is turned. Shifting the carriage sideways allows multiplication through a sequence of addition operations; the two small cranks zero the registers. The design includes ingenious error-preventing interlocks between all the controls: should the operator fail to return a crank to its resting position, the other controls are frozen until this is corrected. A bell indicates calculations in the negative. Used in Ballarat Institute of Advanced Education (B.I.A.E) Physics department.Black, mechanical calculating machine. Metal. Hand-operated, with three hand-cranks. 10x10 rotor with 13 digit result. Ser. No. 29-286781.5 Black symotape on base front: "PHYSICS". Maker's identification on top surface. Supplier's label (metal, silver & blue) on back: "STOTT & HOARE Pty. Ltd. 171 William St. Melbourne C1 M1991". Stamped on rear panel: "MADE IN SWEDEN". Cast lettering on underside: "M-602 07".calculating machine, pinwheel, calculator, scientific instruments, stott & hoare pty ltd, physics, odhner, ballarat institute of advanced education

Phenyle has been used for decades as a cleaner and disinfectant. It is well know for its use for cleaning outdoor toilets and easily identified by its strong odour. The brown glass bottle is immediately recognised as containing a poison. We've all seen them in a hundred different mystery movie scenes. The medicine cabinet opens and there, sitting on a shelf, is the incriminating object -- the ominous dark bottle with the skull and crossbones on the label. In off-screen reality, however, poison bottles have quite a different identity -- they are distinctive, varied, colorful -- and definitely collectible. Obviously, the one thing that sets the poison bottle apart from all other bottles is the need for prominent and immediate identification as a receptacle for toxic material, and this was achieved in a number of ways, including shape, color, embossing and labeling. Poisons were commonly found in the home for the purpose of controlling rodents and other pests, and were sold by grocers and druggists. For consumer protection, as far back as 1829, New York State made mandatory the marking of the bottles with the word "poison" in large letters. Then, in the middle of the 19th century, the American Pharmaceutical Association recommended legislation regarding identification of all poison bottles. In 1872 the American Medical Association also made recommendations -- namely that poison bottles be made of colored glass, and also have a rough surface on one side -- making them identifiable even in the dark -- and the word "poison" visible on the other (the skull and crossbones wasn't quite as ubiquitous as those movies led us to believe). However, passing these laws was not easy, and the manufacturers were essentially left to do as they wished. For collectors, the high point of poison bottle manufacturing was the period ranging roughly from the 1870s to the 1930s. At that time some, of the bottles were distinguished by particularly bright colors, such as cobalt blue (the most common) and emerald green. Others, particularly rare and collectible, had unusual -- and appropriate -- shapes, including skulls, leg bones and coffins. In order to better identify these lethal vessels by feel (not forgetting that there were many people in this period who could not read) when groping for them in the dark, they had such elaborate tactile patterns as quilted diamonds, lattices, hobnails and prominent vertical or horizontal ribbing, as well as spiky knobs and ridges. In addition, many had sharp points on top for the same precautionary purpose. Further efforts to distinguish poison bottles from others included uncommon multisided and triangular shapes, and unusual, hard-to-open tops, the predecessors of the modern child-proof openings. https://www.southcoasttoday.com/story/lifestyle/2001/08/19/poison-bottles-steeped-in-history/50352280007/The recognition and awareness of bottles containing poisonpous substances is extremely important for safety reasons.Bottle, brown glass, diamond shaped. "Bright Star" phenyle. Paper label attached, but peeling off and badly damaged. Corked with contents. Text moulded into glass, some with a border of stars. Poisonous contents, not to be taken. Registered Number 2140. Volume is 20 fluid ounces. Printed label "Bright Star". Text is moulded in the glass in raised lettering: "PHENYLE" outlined and decorated with star border. "POISONOUS", "NOT TO BE TAKEN" "V / DM / A" within oval, "REGD NO. 2140" (D and O are smaller and underlined) . Base is marked "F190".flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bright star, phenyl, cleaning and disinfecting chemical, poison, bottles

The Rescue and Journey of the Schomberg Bells: This bell was the smaller of two rescued by the crew of the Schomberg following the ship’s wreck in 1855. While the specific purpose of the smaller bell is unknown, it may have served to assemble the crew or signal mealtimes on board. After surviving the shipwreck, the crew carried both bells as they made their way along the coastline. Their journey eventually led them to the home of settler John Manning, located at Hopkins Point near Warrnambool. Manning took possession of the bells and subsequently presented them to two churches in Warrnambool. The smaller bell went to St Joseph’s Catholic Church, while the larger bell went to St John’s Presbyterian Church. After around a year, the small bell at St Joseph’s developed a crack and became unusable. Thomas Manifold imported a replacement bell for the church, and the damaged bell was stored at his farm. Years later, when the property was sold to John Logan, the discarded bell was donated to the old Warrnambool Museum upon its opening in 1886. The Curator, Joseph Archibald, placed the bell on display in the entry. In 1975, it was transferred from the Warrnambool Art Gallery to Flagstaff Hill. The ’Mystery’ of the small bell solved: Despite numerous attempts by the staff at Flagstaff Hill to restore the bell’s lustre, the bell remained dull and tarnished. In October 1986, Director Peter Ronald decided to send the bell for professional advice. The bell was entrusted to Briggs Marine Products, a renowned brass founder established in 1912. Upon examination, the specialists at Briggs discovered the reason behind the bell’s persistent lack of shine: it had originally been silver-plated, but most of the plating had worn away over time. The experts at Briggs then undertook the task of restoring the bell, successfully returning it to a gleaming silver surface. The Sailing Ship Schomberg: Launched in 1855, the Schomberg was regarded as the “Noblest” ship afloat at the time. Owned by the Black Ball Line, it was built for their passenger fleet by Alexander Hall of Aberdeen at a cost of £43,103. The construction featured three skins: one planked fore and aft and two diagonally planked, all fastened with screw-threaded trunnels (wooden rails). The ship’s First Class accommodation was luxurious, boasting velvet pile carpets, large mirrors, rosewood, birds-eye maple and mahogany timbers, satin damask soft furnishings, and an oak-lined library with a piano. Schomberg had a capacity for 1,000 passengers. The ship’s master, Captain James Nicol Forbes—also known as ‘Bully’ Forbes—was only 34 years old at the launch. He had a reputation for setting and breaking speed records on the Black Ball Line’s Marco Polo and Lightning. In 1852, Forbes completed the London to Melbourne journey on the Marco Polo in 68 days, a record at the time, though 53 passengers died during the voyage. In 1854, he sailed the Lightning to Melbourne in 76 days and returned in only 63 days—a record that stood among sailing ships. Forbes was known for driving his ship and crew to their limits, often prioritising speed over passenger comfort. Determined to set new records, he promised to reach Melbourne in sixty days, declaring he would do so “with or without the help of God.” The Maiden Voyage and the Wreck: Schomberg departed Liverpool on 6th October 1855, flying a banner that read “Sixty Days to Melbourne”. The vessel carried 430 passengers and 3,000 tons of cargo, including materials to build the Melbourne to Geelong Railway and a bridge over the Yarra River. Among the cargo were a cow for fresh milk, pens for fowls and pigs, and 90,000 gallons of water for drinking and washing. Additionally, it transported 17,000 letters and 31,800 newspapers. The ship and cargo were insured for $300,000, a considerable sum for the era. Poor winds while crossing the equator delayed Schomberg’s progress. Land was first sighted on Christmas Day at Cape Bridgewater near Portland. Captain Forbes followed the coastline towards Melbourne, but was reportedly playing cards when the third mate, Henry Keen, reported land only three miles away. The ship ran aground on a sand spit near Curdie’s Inlet (approximately 56 km west of Cape Otway) on 26th December 1855, after 78 days at sea. The sand spit and nearby currents were not marked on Forbes’s map. During the night, the crew launched a lifeboat to search for a safe landing spot for the passengers. The scouting party advised Forbes to wait until morning, as rough seas posed a danger to the lifeboats. At dawn, the ship’s Chief Officer spotted the SS Queen and signalled for help. The master of the Queen brought his vessel alongside, and all passengers and crew disembarked safely. The Black Ball Line’s Melbourne agent sent another steamer to collect the passengers’ baggage, and other steamers assisted with cargo salvage until worsening weather forced operations to cease. Notably, a plunderer later recovered a case of Wellington boots, but all were for the left foot. The wreck and its cargo were sold to local merchants Manifold & Bostock, who did not attempt further salvage. They later sold their interest to a Melbourne businessman and two seafarers. In 1864, after two men drowned in their attempt to reach the Schomberg, salvage efforts were abandoned. By 1870, parts of the ship had washed ashore on New Zealand’s South Island. Today, the wreck is about nine metres below the surface. Although most woodwork has disintegrated, the vessel’s shape remains discernible due to the railway irons, girders, and framework. Various goods and materials from the ship are scattered nearby. The bell is particularly significant in that along with other items from the wreck helped in part to having the legislation changed to protect shipwrecks, with far tighter controls being employed to oversee the salvaging of wreck sites. This bell forms part of the Schomberg collection at Flagstaff Hill maritime museum. The collection as a whole is of historical and archaeological significance at a State level. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Schomberg is also significant for its association with the Victorian Heritage Registered Schomberg shipwreck (VHR S 612). The collection is of additional significance because of the relationship between the objects salvaged, as together they help us to interpret the story of the Schomberg. The collection as a whole is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria's maritime history and its potential to interpret social and historical themes from society at the time of the wreck. A small ship’s bell. The silver-plated metal bell bears the ship’s name and year of construction on one side and the name and address of the ship’s builders on the other. These details are deeply engraved into the metal and formed in bold, upper-case lettering. The bell has two bell stands: the left and the right. Both stands have an Iron pipe bent into an inverted ‘Y’ shape, with a hole along its length and feet attached to a rectangular metal plate at the other two ends. Feet are bolted to a timber base that has a hole drilled through the centre for mounting. Bell's front; “SCHOMBERG” with “1855” below. Bell's back “HALL & SONS (crack splits letter “N”) / BUILDERS (in italics) / ABERDEEN” (crack splits letter “B”).flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, schomberg, silver plated bell, mess bell, bell stands, captain ‘bully’ forbes, alexander hall and son, james baines and company, liverpool’s black ball line, bell, schomberg bell, ship's bell, small bell, st joseph's church, briggs marine, john manning, john logan, warrnambool museum, briggs foundry, silver bell

Most surgical wounds are closed primarily, but some are allowed to heal by secondary intention. This usually involves repeated packing and dressing of the raw wound surfaces. Although the long-term care of such wounds has devolved to the care of nurses in the community or out-patient setting, the initial wound dressing or cavity packing is done by the surgeon in the operating theatre. Many surgeons are unaware of the growth of the discipline of wound care, and still use traditional soaked gauze for dressing and packing open surgical wounds and cavities. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1963638/The control of bleeding and wound management is vitally important for the survival of the patient.Gauze bandage and cardboard box.Two boxes. One box in better condition. Red Chain Bandage. Johnson and Johnson Pty Ltd Sydney. 3 inches, 6 yards. Sterilized neat edge.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, "red chain bandage", gauze, bandage, johnson & johnson

Most surgical wounds are closed primarily, but some are allowed to heal by secondary intention. This usually involves repeated packing and dressing of the raw wound surfaces. Although the long-term care of such wounds has devolved to the care of nurses in the community or out-patient setting, the initial wound dressing or cavity packing is done by the surgeon in the operating theatre. Many surgeons are unaware of the growth of the discipline of wound care, and still use traditional soaked gauze for dressing and packing open surgical wounds and cavities. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1963638/ The control of bleeding and wound management is vitally important for the survival of the patient.Clear glass round jar and lid, with heavy metal screw turning. Contains 12 yards of 1/2 unmedicated absorbent ribbon gauze.Manufactured in England for F H Faulding & Co Ltd. Absorbent Ribbon Gauze. Green Cross. Unmedicated. 12 yards. ½ inch.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, medical, ribbon gauze, faulding

Most surgical wounds are closed primarily, but some are allowed to heal by secondary intention. This usually involves repeated packing and dressing of the raw wound surfaces. Although the long-term care of such wounds has devolved to the care of nurses in the community or out-patient setting, the initial wound dressing or cavity packing is done by the surgeon in the operating theatre. Many surgeons are unaware of the growth of the discipline of wound care, and still use traditional soaked gauze for dressing and packing open surgical wounds and cavities. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1963638/The control of bleeding and wound management is vitally important for the survival of the patient.Clear glass jar containing gauze bandage, entitled "Ribbon Gauze" for plugging. Trade name "Amuson". Label badly damaged. Lid is metal with heavy turning. Appears to be well corroded. Octagonal shaped bottle.Amuson. Adelaide. 'Ribbon gauze for plugging.'flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, medical, ribbon gauze, amuson

A projector designed to display text from a specifically prepared roll-film onto a screen. The indexing frequency of the text lines is variable between 15 x 130 lines per minute. Fan cooled motor. Outer surfaces in grey hammered finish. In grey-finish storage box with removable top half. Nameplate, work speed table Serial No P130256 Model V-45-Pscientific instruments, projector, film strip projector, controlled reader

Wooden mallets are usually used in carpentry or by a cooper to knock wooden pieces together, or to drive barrel bungs, dowels or chisels. A wooden mallet will not deform the striking end of a metal tool, as most metal hammers would. It is also used to reduce the force driving the cutting edge of a chisel, giving better control. Hardwood mallets are also used by a cooper to knock bungs or other wooden parts of a barrel in place.A significant tool a carpenter or cooper would use to knock wooden staves or furniture parts in place without damaging the soft surface of the timber being used. Item at this time cannot be associated with an historical event, person or place, provenance is unknown, item assessed as a collection asset as it is believed to have been produced before 1950.Mallet wedge shaped with metal handleNonewarrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, coopers tools, wooden mallet, barrel bung, carpenters tool, hammer

Mankind has been bothered by flies ever since time began. This has led to the invention of a number of different fly traps or fly catchers.Glass fly traps were popular during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The flies, being attracted by some sweet liquid or other bait in the bottom, were unable to find their way out. This trap has small glass legs enabling it to be used standing on a flat surface such as a table. Most were suspended by wire handles. This is an example of a common domestic item no longer commonly used today.Moulded clear glass fly catcher on small glass legs. Glass stopper. A piece of bait is suspended in the centre and the top opening is covered up with a piece of cloth and a fluid such as kerosene or similar is put in the gutter below the outer part of the dome. The flying insect is drawn inside by entering the underside opening and then, when trying to leave, flies against the glass and then drops into the catching fluid below.fly-catcher pest-control glassware

This is a set of 16 photograph of the Royal Australian Survey Corps’ Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle taken at the Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo. The JGEM vehicle was extensively used by RA Svy within Australia from the late 1960s. A limited number of Ground Elevation Meter (GEM) station wagon type vehicles were manufactured by General Motors Corporation (GMC) in the USA for the United States Geological Survey, Canada’s mapping agencies, RA Svy and National Mapping (Natmap). The GEM was a four-wheel drive, four-wheel steer vehicle. Four-wheel steering was necessary to avoid systematic errors caused by non-tracking of front and rear wheels on conventionally steered vehicles. The manufacturer substituted the rear axle with a front axle and connected them to form the four-wheel steering mechanism. The two Australian GEM vehicles, referred to as Johnson GEMs (JGEMs) were converted into right-hand drive. After delivery in 1964, acceptance Natmap and RA Svy testing and operator training was undertaken at the Army's School of Military Survey located at Balcombe, Victoria. A small fifth wheel was mounted on a cantilever arm suspension midway between the front and rear wheels on the right side of the vehicle. It was lowered to and raised from its operating position by use of a constant pressure air cylinder. A telescopic bar, suspended between the front and rear axles, provided the reference datum for the angle measurement. The wheel provided the velocity or distance signal through a pulse generator system. A sensitive pendulum mounted on this bar provided the angle measurement for each minute distance traversed. The JGEM contained electromechanical instruments used to determine relative elevations, by trigonometric principles, along a traversed path. These relative elevations were obtained through apparatus which measures the instantaneous angle of inclination of the road and the instantaneous velocity of the meter along such a path. Road routes over which the JGEM operated were planned so that each started and ended as near as practicable to an existing point of known elevation (formally referred to as a level traverse bench mark). The difference in height from the bench mark and the road surface alongside the JGEM’s fifth wheel was measured with a level and staff. Along each route, mapping control photo reference points where new elevation values were required were identified on aerial photographs. Under favourable conditions it was possible to survey as much as 160km in an ordinary working day. The first of RA Svy’s JGEM operations was undertaken in 1:250,000 scale map areas of Queensland. CPL John Hook was the JGEM’s main operator in the early 1970s undertaking operations covering 1:250,000 scale map blocks over northern Victoria and central NSW, each requiring 36 points (9 runs of photography and 4 points across. SPR Lyn Thompson and SPR Bob McDonagh teamed with CPL Hook on some of these JGEM operations. When RA Svy was integrated into the Royal Australian Engineers in 1996, the JGEM vehicle with the Survey Corps collection was donated to its museum. It is believed to be the last of the original manufactured fleet in existence. The JGEM has undergone extensive refurbishment to achieve roadworthiness and is currently housed at The Australian Army Museum of Military Engineering, Hoslworthy Barracks, NSW. It can be viewed by making an appointment with the museum’s curator.This is a set of 16 photograph of the Royal Australian Survey Corps’ Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle taken at the Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo. The photographs were on 35mm slide film and were scanned at 96 dpi. They are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. .1) - Photo, colour, c1960s, Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle .2) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation, on-board computer. .3) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation. .4) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation, on-board computer. .5) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure controller .6) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM rear doors, SGT Geoff Briggs. .7) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM 5th wheel distance/angle measurement device in lowered position, SGT Geoff Briggs. .8) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM 5th wheel distance/angle measurement device in lowered position. .9) & .10) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure system, SGT Geoff Briggs. .11) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure system. SGT Geoff Briggs. .12) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM levelling scope, levelling staff, unidentified technicians. .13) & .14) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM levelling scope, unidentified technician. .15) & .16) - Photo, colour, c1960s, probably survey operation adjusted height plotted on block base sheet. .1P to .16P - Some of the equipment is annotated on the frame of the 35mm slides.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr, surveying

At the time when this shortbread / butter stamp block was used, rural dairies and larger properties who manufactured their own butter used butter stamps blocks for identifying the source of the butter or for decoration.. The patterns stamped into the warmed butter provided for a range of decorative visual enhancement to the "plain" and "boring" straight leveled normal butter surface. Although the wooden surfaces could be hard to keep clean commercial usage would have been limited and eventually replaced by a non porous and hygienically cleaner material. Greater hygiene controls where introduced. from the late 1940s on. These controls were the result of high infectious illnesses due to contaminated milk and dairy handling methods.This shortbread / butter stamp was used by a Kiewa Valley dairy and it presents what the domestic butter beautification processes were available during the mid to latter 1900s was. Their was a pride by rural properties in their produce and its by-products.This shortbread / butter stamp is made from wood, round and fashioned from a flat bed to a dome top. The top has a round moulded hole with screw indentations for fastening a pressure pole. The pattern on the face of the stamp is of an eleven petalled flower pattern around a small circular flower head. Both the head and petals have indentations which are will produce raised points in the pressed butter. Enclosing the flower pattern is a pattern which when pressed against the butter would produce small ridges radiating outward.On the dome stamped in black ink "T. & W. Davies"butter stamp, domestic butter blocks, domestic food preparations., shortbread, stamp, dairy, butter