Showing farming and harvesting practices on Phillip Island and early landscape at San remo.Historical2 hand coloured postcards - one showing a group of well dressed men and women raking hay into stooks and placing on a dray. Another is a coastal scene at San Remo.hay harvesting, farming, san remo, farm dray

Photograph of carthorse and dray with 8 girls seated on it. Front left seated: Eleanor Parsons, front right seated June de Chaneet. 3 out of the 8 girls were identified as: Eleanor Parsons (1939), June de Chaneet (1939) and Jay Leach (M.J. Leitch? 1939) in 1938 or 1939. Caption, "Off to the Orchard - Girls of Burnley Horticultural School setting off for work in a farm dray yesterday." female students, eleanor parsons, jay leach, m.j. leach, students working outside, horse, dray, june de chaneet

In the early nineteenth century larger Australian wool producers sent all their wool by sailing ship to London, where colonial auctions were held in November, January, February and March. Wool bales were carried from the farm on drays or wagons pulled by bullocks, horses or camels to port warehouses. In these times, wool transport could take anything from a week to six months. Ships, such as the Lightning, were then loaded and raced each other to get to London ahead of their rivals. The wooden ship 'Lightning' was destroyed by fire while loading wool at Geelong 31 Oct. 1869. Scuttled in Corio Bay and the remains later blown up. Reputed to be one of the fastest sailing ships. Famous in the Australian passenger trade.Model of a clipper ship with hull painted brown and black. Red Ensign flag attached to flag pole.On label - Lightning Black Ball Line 1854-55geelong, transport, model ship, lightning, wool transport

A spring cart is a two-wheeled, one-horse cart, often with the driver standing up to drive it, and otherwise seated on a simple seat. Carts like this one had springs to make the ride smoother. It is a lighter version of a farm dray and is sometimes called a spring dray. Spring carts were often used on farms for carrying loads. In the towns, some businesses used a spring cart for deliveries of bread, milk and other goods. The carts would be used for travel and for families going on outings and picnics. Visitors to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village from 1986 to 1992 would enjoy watching a Clydesdale horse named Duke as he worked around the village with his driver Pat McGowan. He would be hitched to a wagon or to this lightweight spring cart or sometimes he would pull the wagon with the cart attached as a trailer. The cart was used for maintenance, carting loads of timber or stone around the site or from town to Flagstaff Hill. Sometimes Duke and the cart would take visitors for cart rides around the Village. Pat McGowan was known for his restoration of horse-drawn vehicles including this spring cart. He already had 40 years of horse handling experience when he began looking after Duke, feeding and harnessing him and driving the horse and cart around the Village. Pat’s dog ‘Yabbie’ would often join them. In August 1992 Duke had to be put down. Warrnambool Veterinary Clinic and other fund-raisers began well-supported appeals and the beloved horse was replaced by a Clydesdale also named Duke (the second), who began work in late October 1992. He, like his predecessor, had a quiet temperament and was comfortable in the traffic. The spring card is an example of vehicles used on farms, for business delivery and for domestic transport in the late-19th and early-20th century. This cart is of note for being associated with the Clydesdale horse Duke which pulled the cart around Flagstaff Hills in the 1980s and 1990s, representing transport of that period.Spring cart; two-wheeled cart with shallow box tray and plank seat bolted across the front. Wheels have metal rims and fourteen (14) wooden spokes. A plank is bolted from side to side. A decorative metal step is on the cart's left and has acorn cut-out shapes in the plate. Both wheels have a brake block that is operated by a lever on the cart's right. The cart has eight-leaf suspension from front to back. The box tray is painted blue and has decorative pale yellow detail. Each shaft pole has has a handle fitting on it. (Horse equipment with the cart is a leather covered, straw filled collar.) flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, springcart, spring cart, jingle, horse-drawn cart, one horse cart, two-wheeled cart, dray, spring dray, wagon, transportation, travel, cart, duke, clydesdale, pat mcgowan, delivery cart, yabbie, cartwright, horse-drawn vehicle, transport, horse cart

Part of a dray or wagon that go on the axle.Wagons and drays were used on the farms in the Kiewa Valley.Heavy steel rings that go on the axle hub of a wagon or a dray.dray equipment, wagon equipment

Drays were used to transport heavy materials such as farm products, building supplies, food. They were pulled by horses or bullocks. Drays were important for transportation in the Kiewa Valley.Made of timber and steel. The piece of wood contacts the axle hub to brake the dray. Part of a brake for a dray. It is missing the actuator that is needed for tightening the band to operate as a brake.drays, horses, bullocks

Bullock drays were commonly used to transport heavy loads, such as the wool clip from a large property, across long distances.In the 19th century. The yoke is worn on the neck of the bullocks and is secured by a belt around the neck. The bullocks push the yoke with their shoulders, hump and neck; therefore, the work is performed.This yoke seems to be handmade on a farm. It was used in the Kiewa ValleyA wooden bar behind a harnessed horse. It is used to balance the pull of a draught horse or other draft animal (bullock) when pulling a vehicle like a plough. A yoke is an interface between bullock power and actual work to be performed.This yoke is timber with a shape to form curved depressions that allow it to rest across the necks of two bullocks to keep them together.The bullocks were chained to the steel oblong ring - one at each end of the yoke. The middle ring was attached to the bullock or vehicle in front of them.bullock yoke, swingletree, farm equipment, plough

The donor's grandfather had a dairy (Robertson) at Marysville, where he had a jinker dray and other types of machinery. The dairy operated c1880-c1950.This hub is representative of horse or bullock-drawn vehicles used for transporting heavy loads on local farms in the late 19th to early 20th centuries.Timber-turned hub of a jinker wheel. There are 16 oblong spoke holes. The hub was the central part of a large wheel which would have connected the wheel to the axle and held the spokes in place. The rectangular openings visible in the hub are where the spokes would have been inserted.jinker dray, dairy, marysville

Four photograph enlargements from John Jansson's collection. Farm work on three properties: Underdown's farm, Rhyll; Harbison's - wool being carted for shipment to Melbourne by Ketch from Cowes Jetty; McIlwraith's farm harvesting hay at their property called "Heath Hill" at Rhyll.Four enlargements of original photographs and postcards mounted on cardboard for display purposes. 292-01 Norm Smith with a four horse team preparing ground for Chicory. 292-02. Wool Team on road to Cowes 292-03. Horse and dray loaded with stacks of hay - workers in background at McIlwraith's farm "Heath Hill", Rhyll 292-04. Horse and dray with family including ladies and children.292-02. Many Happy Returns. Good Luck. Phillip island - Wool Team on road to Cowes. 292-03. Harvest time on Phillip Island. Victoria underdown, harbison, mcilwraith, heath hill, chicory farming, wool carting, john jansson

The water cart was in itself a complete invention of John Furphy and was first made in the 1880's. At the time no similar article was used in Australia. Few houses of the time were designed to collect rain water from the roof and hence, water needed to be collected elsewhere and transported for stock and domestic use. The method of carting water was then confined to horse drawn drays or sleds with mounted wooden barrels or casks. At the same time the growing demand for agricultural implements, led to the establishment of a foundry with a furnace to cast components rather than the time consuming task of forging. This became the catalyst for the efficient production of the robust and mobile water carrier known then, and now, as the Furphy Farm Water Cart.Four colour photographs showing a tank made by Furphy and Sons, Shepparton.furphy, shepparton, water storage

A Dray is a type of dead axle wagon that was used to transport heavy loads or objects. They had a flat level floor and while some had no sides, others had box bodies and sides. Tip Drays (also known as Tip Carts, Muck Cart, Scotch Cart, Tumbrel or Putt in different parts of England) were smaller than other drays as their loads were heavy and usually only pulled by one horse. Their basic design included two wheels, a tipping body and shafts. The Tip Dray has a unique mechanism that allows the top to tip backwards to tip the load out of the back of the dray. The tipper was activated by a handle at the front allowing the driver to operate it while still having control over the horse. A Tip Dray was an indispensable piece of equipment in the days before tractors and mechanical trucks. They were used by farmers and carters to transport hay, rocks, bricks, gravel and rubbish etc. and because they were useful for dumping loads, they were favoured for use in road and railway construction. A photo in the collection of the Lorne Historical Society shows a tipping dray being used during the construction of the Great Ocean Road. They were part of the daily street traffic in towns and cities around Australia from the early days of settlement. In Australia in the early 1900's, carters began to join unions to protect their jobs and pay. N.S.W. had a "Trolley, Draymen and Carters Union", Queensland had a "Tip Dray Men's Association" and in W. A. the "Top Dray Driver's Union" had a "cessation of work" in 1911 when they were fighting for an increase in their day's wages. In 1910 a meeting of Tip Carters was held in Geelong at the Trades Hall to discuss the formation of a union (The Geelong Tip Dray Carters) which was a success and a schedule of rates for all carting, whether by contract or day labor, was fixed. By 1912 they had "labelled" more than 50 drays and had representatives on the "Trades Hall and Eight Hours Committee". By the mid 1930's and early 1940's, tip drays were being superseded by mechanical trucks and utes. However tip drays continued to be used in some circumstances. They were a practical solution to the problem of petrol rationing during W. W. 2. It was noted in a letter to the editor in the "Sunshine Advocate" in 1938 that a positive argument for continued use of Tip Drays for rubbish collection related to the idea that a horse drawn vehicle involved with lots of stops and starts at different houses (very like a milkman's delivery route) often involved the horse "driving itself" while the driver picked up the rubbish - something a motor truck was unable to do! Another article written in August 1935 and published in the Age in a parliamentary report into the rubber industry noted "tip drays had almost disappeared and in their place, metal was carted in 5 ton motor trucks" but the report went on to say that as a part of the Government relief work (during the Great Depression) the Government had "to some extent reintroduced the tip drays so that a greater number of men would be employed". This particular tip dray was owned by Mr. Oswald (Jack) Bourke. He used it to deliver dry goods from Sunbury to the Queen Victoria Market in Melbourne several times a week in the 1930's and then (between 1945 and 1962) Mr. Bourke used it on the garbage round in Springvale Victoria for the Springvale Council. The Council owned three drays and the "No. 3" painted on this dray is in recognition of its original number. After the death of Mr. Bourke in 1990, one of Mr. Bourke's sons (Andy) found the dray in a shed and restored it. The sign writing on the back and side panels were added during the restoration. This Tipping Dray is a significant example of a horse drawn vehicle that was used by workers from the early days of white settlement through to the 1940's and even into the early 1960's. It was used in a range of "working class" occupations - road construction, railway construction, carting goods, rubbish collection etc. and would have been found in cities, country towns and on farms.A wooden and metal tipping dray with a box body and four sides. It has two iron and wooden wheels (with 14 spokes), two wooden shafts and a metal tipping mechanism. The back panel folds down to allow loads to be dumped out. It is painted in green and cream with sign writing on one of the sides and on the front and back panels. It features decorative painted lines and designs in burgundy, cream and light blue on most of the wooden parts. The tipping mechanism is on the front of the dray's left side and consists of a metal pin secured with a metal ring, and a lever.Front of dray - "No. 3" Side of dray - "A. & M. BOURKE / Contractors / LONGWARRY" Back of dray - "G.T. ANDREWS / QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET - Stand C23 / Phone DANDENONG 225"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, tipping dray, dray, tip dray, tip cart, vehicles, horse drawn vehicle, springvale council, jack bourke, muck cart, scotch cart, tumbrel, putt, box body, oswald bourke, sunbury, queen victoria market, melbourne, no. 3

George Box 1808-1867 an 'agricultural labourer', of Sussex England, married Mary Cripps in 1831 and with 3 three of their 4 four sons and 3 three of their 4 four daughters left Liverpool in the Sailing Ship 'Atlanta' in March 1856 to begin a new life in Melbourne, Victoria , Australia. George and son Henry paid their own fares while sons , Francis and John, were 'assisted passengers'. Their baby daughter Cecilia Lydia died a few days into the voyage.. Caroline Box, the eldest daughter, remained in England working as a cook until she joined the family in Australia in 1863. William Box 1834-1902, the eldest son of George Box, married Elizabeth Avis 1833- 1914 and they resided in Box Cottage 1865 -1914 where they established a market garden and raised 13 children. William and Elizabeth had emigrated in 1854 so George and sons probably worked on their market garden before setting up in Tucker Road and Patterson Road. Sadly Mary drowned in a water hole only 4 months after their arrival in Brighton. Mary suffered from headaches and had occasional fits and the coroner found she passed out and died while trying to ease the pain with cold water from a waterhole. It is supposed that Elizabeth helped him raise the children while he established his market garden. George died from Tetanus following an infected broken leg caused by falling from his dray in 1867. George and Mary were both buried in the Brighton Cemetery. Box Cottage Museum, a reconstruction of an early settler hut, is named after the Box family who resided there 1865 -1913 . George Box was the father of William Box who with his wife Elizabeth Avis Box and 13 children lived and farmed on the block of land in Jasper Road, East Brighton ( now McKinnon / Ormond) that was part of the Henry Dendy Special Survey 1841 Inscribed in Album : “ The early photos in this album were found by Mr (Laurie) Lewis when he was demolishing the Old Box Cottage. He gave them to Mrs Avis Box Eldridge who in turn gave them to me. They were not identified. I believe they rightly belong in the Cottage. I have attempted to identify them and present them in a way they can be preserved as a historical record of the era.” A B Leigh A black and white photograph of George Box taken in Tunbridge Wells, England c1855Photo at base ; TUNBRIDGE WELLS Album inside cover ; Donated to / Moorabbin / Historical Society / by / Avis Box Leigh box george, box mary, box william, box elizabeth, box alonzo, box mary louisa, dendy henry, were j b, dendy's special survey 1841, brighton, moorabbin, bentleigh, mckinnon, ormond, market gardeners, dairy farms, early settlers, pioneers, jasper road, gurr jabez, gurr eliza, pay henry, pay anna, ward willam, box henry, ward elizabeth emma, box john, sheldrake martha, rushall eleanor, box caroline, tetanus

Maize has been grown on the Orbost flats for at least 70 years. When early settlers began to arrive on the Snowy River somewhere in the 1880s, the land was mostly swamps and heavily timbered jungle on the river frontages. The swamps were drained, bit by bit, with short handled shovels working in mud and water. The frontages were cleared by axe and shovel and fire. Several kinds of crops were experimented with such as hops, hemp and maize which grew particularly well and became the main crop of district. The problem then was to thresh and deliver the product to the market. A small single cob machine was brought here and one man turned the handle, while the boy or Mum fed the cobs singly into the machine. A good day’s work would thresh about 50 bushels or about 12 bags (4 bushels). The task then was to cart the maize to market. For a few years this was done by horses and dray carrying about 60 bushels to Mossiface, where it was loaded onto river boats to Lakes Entrance, and then by ocean boats to Melbourne. (information from NEWSLETTER OCTOBER, 2006)The growing of maize in the Orbost district contributed significantly to the economy of the township for many years, The many maize cribs once seen on the surrounding farms have now disappeared and this photograph is a pictorial record of that significance.A small sepia photograph with six men in front of a wooden barn. They are bagging maize. In the foreground are two rows of filled bags. On the right is a lifting machine to take the bags to the top storey. On the far right is a water tank on a stand"on back - "Thrashing Maize"maize-orbost agriculture-maize industry

Maize,has been grown on the Orbost flats for at least 70 years. When early settlers began to arrive on the Snowy River somewhere in the 1880s, the land was mostly swamps and heavily timbered jungle on the river frontages. The swamps were drained, bit by bit, by men with short handled shovels and working in mud and water. The frontages were cleared by axe and shovel and fire. Several kinds of crops were experimented with such as hops, hemp and maize, the latter grew particularly well and became the main crop of district. The problem then was to thresh and deliver the product to the market. A small single cob machine was brought here and one man turned the handle, while the boy or Mum fed the cobs singly into the machine. A good day’s work would thresh about 50 bushels or about 12 bags (4 bushels). The task then was to cart the maize to market. For a few years this was done by horses and dray carrying about 60 bushels to Mossiface, where it was loaded onto river boats to Lakes Entrance, and then by ocean boats to Melbourne. Later it was taken to Bairnsdale by foot and loaded onto the trains to Melbourne. (more information in Newsletter October 2006)The growing of maize in the Orbost district contributed significantly to the economy of the township for many years, The many maize cribs once seen on the surrounding farms have now disappeared and this photograph is a pictorial record of that significance.A black / white photograph of a man unloading maize from a horse-drawn wagon into a maize crib. Another man is standing by the horse.maize-crib-orbost agriculture maize-corn-orbost

Maize,has been grown on the Orbost flats for at least 70 years. When early settlers began to arrive on the Snowy River somewhere in the 1880s, the land was mostly swamps and heavily timbered jungle on the river frontages. The swamps were drained, bit by bit, by men with short handled shovels and working in mud and water. The frontages were cleared by axe and shovel and fire. Several kinds of crops were experimented with such as hops, hemp and maize, the latter grew particularly well and became the main crop of district. The problem then was to thresh and deliver the product to the market. A small single cob machine was brought here and one man turned the handle, while the boy or Mum fed the cobs singly into the machine. A good day’s work would thresh about 50 bushels or about 12 bags (4 bushels). The task then was to cart the maize to market. For a few years this was done by horses and dray carrying about 60 bushels to Mossiface, where it was loaded onto river boats to Lakes Entrance, and then by ocean boats to Melbourne. Later it was taken to Bairnsdale by foot and loaded onto the trains to Melbourne. (more information in Newsletter October 2006) This crib, measuring seven chains, sixteen feet, contained 10,000 bags of maize cobs which were grown by Linc Timmons on Peter Irvine's farm (Fairlea?) in Orbost, East Gippsland. The growing of maize in the Orbost district contributed significantly to the economy of the township for many years, The many maize cribs once seen on the surrounding farms have now disappeared and this photograph is a pictorial record of that significance.A black / white photograph of a large maize crib full of maize in a paddock. There is a large framed copy of the original.agriculture-orbost farming-maize-orbost maize-crib-orbost

Bostock & Manifold were all from pioneering families in the Western District of Victoria almost from the time of settlement. Family history: The Bostock family were prominent in Warrnambool from the 1850s to the 1880s. Patriarch Robert Bostock had in 1813 been transported to Sydney from Sierra Leone for having 'felonious traded in slaves' and sentenced to 14 years transportation. He moved to Tasmania in 1821 where he died in 1847. A number of his children came to Port Phillip. Edward Robert Bostock held the Jellabad run from 1849 to 1853. George Bostock (1826-1858) was a Warrnambool Shire Councillor in 1856. Thomas Edward Bostock (1828-1874) was a Shire Councillor in the late 1860s. Augustus Bostock (1833-1920) lived in Warrnambool. Augustus Bostock was the 9th child of Robert and Rachael Bostock of Vaucluse Epping Forest, Van Diemen's Land. He was only 4 years old when his mother died. He was inspired by his father to seek his fortune in the Western District of Victoria. He arrived around 1850. He married Margaret Aitkin in July 1865. Augustus owned several properties in the district and leased others. He sat on the court of Warrnambool, Mortlake or Hexham as required. He resided at Marramook in Hawkesdale and later moved to Vaucluse in Hopetoun Road Warrnambool, where he died in 1920 at the age of 87. The Wagon is significant locally and state wide for its association with Augustus Bostock who was involved in many aspects of life in the Western District of Victoria, racing, cricket, and social activities to name a few. Bostock & Manifold were all from pioneering families in the Western District of Victoria almost from the time of settlement. The wagon is significant for its historical and economic association with the local Warrnambool business of Manifold & Bostock. These men had leased and owned vast tracts of land and operated businesses around the district together at various times often associated with the farming industry. One example is the Manifold & Bostock store and flour mill from which the wagon dray is believed to have been associated with for the delivery of goods. Their flour mill began operation in 1850 in 7-17 Stanley St South Warrnambool and was known as “Jetty Mills” Manifold and Bostock in 1858 purchased the Mill from John and G Elliot (brothers) with half an acre of ground and a cottage for £1600. It appears addresses of the company changed over the years as the town grew. These are listed in “Jones, Lewis & Peggy flour mills of Victoria” showing the company operating from, Fairy Street and later at the Merri River near the cutting, known as Banyan and Merri Streets. The company ceased trading in 1870. The Wagon Dray is also an example of agricultural freight and general transportation during the 1800 and 1900 century.A four-wheeled wooden horse-drawn wagon with flat top described as a Wagon Dray in historical writings. Painted brown and black. The wagon has rear brakes, wooden, operated from a metal handle at the front of the Wagon. Front wheels are attached to a turnstile to allow easy turning of the wagon. This flat-topped, horse driven, four-wheeled Wagon was used for cartage by the business of Manifold & Bostock, Warrnambool. The original sign writing of the wagon is obscured or painted over. There is a feint mark of lettering to the sides and back edges of the cart Manifold & Bostock. "Manifold and Bostock" very feintflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, cartage, manifold and bostock of warrnambool, manifold family of western victoria, bostock family of western victoria, four wheeled wagon, wagon, horse drawn wagon, farm wagon, aitkin, aitkin bostock manifold, dray, aitkin family, cart, aitken, flour mill

farm equipmentColour photograph, Mr. W. Grigg with horses and dray, Bungaree 1990.buninyong, w. grigg, horses, dray, bungaree

A sepia photograph of two men and three children standing near a horse drawn dray loaded with hay.written on back: Load of Hay 1920 / Diggers Resthay bales, harvesting, diggers rest, cullinan, uraina, eileen, bayview farm, horse drawn vehicles, 1920s, george evans collection

Sepia photograph of two drays that have teams of horses harnessed to them. There are three men in the image and they are backdropped by tall trees.on back: DIGGERS RESTcullinan, uraina, eileen, chris, cultivators, horses, farm and garden equipment, drays, farming, bayview farm, agricultural implements, george evans collection

Photograph made by A.P. Winzenried for, "Green Grows Our Garden," p73.Colour photograph. Copy made by A.P. Winzenried. Photograph appeared in the "Sun News Pictorial," July 10, 1934. The caption reads, "Things are never down on the farm at Burnley Horticultural School while Don, the old dray horse, is on the job carting his load of happy students back to the lecture room after a session of practical work. Most of the 30 pupils now at the school are engaged in the study of pruning." See B94.-902. A large group of male and female students seated on a cart darwn by a draught horse.a.p. winzenried, green grows our garden, don, dray horse, students working outside, draught horse, students, orchard, newspaper cutting

Found in a file entitled, "Women's Education, 1930's," in 1991Two pages of The Sun News-Pictorial, July 10, 1934. A large photo of many students crowded into a dray and sitting on a draught horse with the caption: "Things are never down on the farm at Burnley Horticultural School while Don, the old dray horse, is on the job carting his load of happy students back to the lecture rooms after a session of practical work. Most of the 30 pupils now at the school are engaged in the study of pruning."the sun news-pictorial, students, students working outside, female students, horses, women's education, draught horses, don, pruning

The collection of thirteen model horse drawn vehicles were carefully handmade by Mr Chas W Davis 1925 - 2002. He was a talented artist and saw doctor. This model of a horse drawn Small Wheel Lorry replicates the vehicle that enjoyed respect from the public during the 1880's and early 1900's. A model of a Small Wheel Lorry with a long four spoked wheeled wooden flay tray drawn by a brown horse. The wooden shafts are to control the horse whilst working. It has a grey wooden ice box with a metal lid with ICE painted in black letters inside a black lined outline on the side. On the side of they lorry or dray is painted WOOD - COAL - COKE - C. MEE LA1271 in black paint. These are long strong carts or drays without fixed sides for carrying heavy loads. They were the truck of the horse drawn era, from the large wool bale lorry to the suburban ice and wood lorry. It has been said they had their origins in the German farm wagon.ICE is painted in black capital letters on the side of the ice box. On the side of the lorry is painted - WOOD - COAL - COKE - C. MEE LA1271replicas, models, scale models, vehicles, horse drawn vehicles, toy horses, drays, carts

The Churchill Island collection includes objects from the late 1800s. The collection is presented in sets and series, of which this wagon represents the Amess era.The horse-drawn dray was an early transport vehicle used for loads of hay or timber or related farming goods.Large wooden wagon with four steel-shod wooden wheels and a bracket at front to allow harnessing to horse or horses.farm machinery, hay, horse drawn vehicles, wagon

The number of cattle in this photo suggests that it was a small holding, at the beginning of the dairy industry in Bacchus Marsh. This industry became a major source of employment in Bacchus Marsh. By the early twentieth century, the Bacchus Marsh region was a significant contributor to the dairy industry in Australia. Small sepia unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the album, 'Photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by Stevenson and McNicoll'. This is a photo of a dairy farm in an unknown location in the Bacchus Marsh district. It has been taken from an elevation looking down at the farm. On the left, the roadside can be seen running alongside a stream or river which is fenced off by a line of trees and a post and rail fence. Parked on the road outside the farmhouse is a wagon which is unhitched. The wagon has a white rooftop and on the side can be seen a professional logo, details unclear. This wagon is most likely the wagon used by the photographers to access outlying properties with their photographic equipment. The farmhouse itself faces the road with side doors giving onto the yard. The roof is partially covered by new slates, possibly slate covering bark. Six milking sheds of post-and-rail construction adjoin the farm yard. In the first and fourth stalls (l to r) the farmer and his wife can be seen seated, miking cows. The rest of the herd are awaiting milking in the yard which also has a post-and-rail fence. A bull of milking shorthorn breed stands outside the fence. The milking herd itself is of various breeds; Herefords, roan shorthorn and roan and white shorthorns can be identified. On the right is a shed of rough-hewn boards and a shingle roof. In the yard at the back of the house stands a cart or dray. On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE. dairy farms, stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district, shorthorn dairy cattle