not knownPacket only - Mustard Leaf for relief of headachesmedicine, alternative medicine

Camphor has been used traditionally for many years, solely or in combination with other treatments for the relief of pain, inflammation and irritation in body and skin. Persian physicians Rhazes (860–932CE) and Avicenna (980–1037CE) used camphor extensively in the treatment of particular types of headache. Symptoms of camphor poisoning include “psychomotor agitation” and hallucinationsPale blue cardboard box with blue manufacturer's label across the face of the box and down each side. The label has black printed text. Inside the box is allocation for ten (10) ampoules. There are three (3) clear glass ampoules each with a pale blue label with black printed text. A metal blade is wrapped in tissue paper and a thin, squared off piece of metal is also wrapped in tissue paper.pain medicine, inflammation, rhazes, avicenna, camphor, headache

Beecham Pill box for the relief of constipation, liverishness and sick headache. Yellow/Red.pillboxes, medicine containers

SQUARE TIN SIGN HAS YELLOW PAINTED BACKGROUND WITH BLUE PAINTED PRINT ADVERTISING "Bex"Printed in blue paint "better relief/BEX/For Headache and all/pain, Colds and 'Flu."

Small Cylindrical cardboard box containing Beecham’s Pills .Label red and yellow reads 'Beecham's Pills worth a guinea a box. Dosage one or more as required .For the relief of constipation, Liverishness and Sick Headache. Contents 40 pills - number stamped on bottom 6110 reg. Vic.1604.made in Australia by Group Laboratories (Australia ) Pty Ltd Carlton Victoriamedicine, pharmacy, beecham's pills

This medical aid was popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was used as a massaging and vibratory tool and was recommended for the relief of all sorts of complaints, including colds, digestive complaints, rheumatism, headaches, female hysteria, tumours, lung diseases and even ‘double’ chins.This massager is of considerable interest as a medical aid that was popularly used to treat many kinds of ailments in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is indicative of the popularity at that time of vibratory or massaging objects that were used to aid in the relief of many ailments for which there were few other remedies at the time.This is a medical instrument with a metal shaft in three sections and a circular piece of metal at the end. The metal piece has a turning handle at one end and a cross metal piece at the other end. This cross piece has a metal cup with a covering piece of stiff rubber at one end and a circular piece of rubber at the other end. At one end of the metal shaft is a wooden handle. Some of the metal is rusted and the rubber ball has been split.‘Vee Dee Patent No….’ ‘1…2…3…’ ‘J. E. Garratt, London 124 Southwark Street S.E.’ antiquarian medical aids, history of warrnambool

During the late 1800s massage was considered effective for combating illnesses and diseases. The VeeDee massager, popular at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries claimed to be beneficial for all kinds of illnesses and complaints, including colds, digestive complaints, rheumatism, headaches, female hysteria, tumours and lung diseases. An instrument made of wood, silver and steel with a handle for turning, an end disc for massaging and a two-pronged attachment, one with a bowl containing a stiff leather ball (partly cut away). VeeDee Pat. B 100010 1 ….. 2 ……. 3 ……. warrnambool, health, medicine, massage instrument, veedee vibratory massager

35mm Kodak white cardboard colour slide by Keith Kings of W5 760 at Haymarket Junction, Royal Parade, with the destination of Coburg, Route 20 with an auxiliary board for Carlton Football Ground.. Has adverts for Neals, Victor Board and Courage beer and Vincents headache powders. In the background are adverts for Qantas and the CBA Bank. Taken 7/6/1969 See inscriptions re the tram.Keith Kings stamp and number "56-23", with details of exposure. W5 760 with half drop windshield, Sydney Rd cnr Flemington Road 7/6/69"trams, tramways, w5 class, haymarket, coburg, route 20, royal parade, tram 760

Agfa colour slide, blue / white plastic mount, photo by Keith Caldwell of SW6 919 nearing the corner of Swanston St and Victoria St, showing Glen Iris, route 6. Tram is northbound. The tram has adverts for Vincents headache powders, Rent A Holden and Tucker box. Alongside is a bucket with a red flag and equipment used by the point cleaners. In the background is the Ansett ANA building, 25/4/1964In ink "SW car 25.4.64"trams, tramways, swanston st, route 6, glen iris, victoria st, track cleaner, sw6 class, tram 919

A medication for the treatment of aches, neuralgia and head colds manufactured in New York USA A clear glass rectangular bottle with a screw top for Sanic Oil, with the original cardboard box.On Bottle and Box : SANIC OIL / STOPS / HEADACHE, EARACHE, TOOTHACHE, / .NEURALGIA ./ COLD IN THE HEAD, / CATARRH, COUGHS ETC, / Follow directions on inside wrapper / PREPARED BY / SANIC OIL CO. PTY. LTD / Registered / ...... Street New .YORKsanic oil co pty ltd, diseases, medicines, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, cheltenham, bentleigh, pharmacy

TSDAV Magazine, No. 1, May 1981. It has a yellow cover with sketch of dancers in costume. Peter n. Ellis written at the top of the front cover. Photos and illustrations inside. Contains a copy of an interview with Alistair Anderson by Fay McAlinden, news of functions, feature on traditional social dance, feature on Steps and styles and callers' headaches by Shirley Andrews, Aims and objectives of TSDAV, Feature All about Sandhurst Dance Club, Coming Events, Q & A, Technical Notes and Discussion Point.magazine, club, traditional dance association, peter ellis collection, tsdav magazine may 1981, peter ellis, jenny milne, penny lane, shirley andrews, fay mcalinden, bruce mcclure, norm ellis, alistair anderson, johnson elwood, sam sherry, john kirkpatrick, sue harrison, hugh rippon, beat klippel, con klippel, efdss, tony sutter, rowan webb, pedr curteen, michael thatcher, victorian folk music club, margaret kiddle, steele rudd, sir roger de coverly, banjo paterson, patsy adam smith, jean lawson, larry harrigan, harry mcqueen, sandhurst dance club, ian thwaite, lynne stone, mark power, roy hay

This is a small booklet containing details of the use and benefits of the VeeDee vibratory massager. It has a dark green cover, completely detached. The pages contain printed text, diagrams, black and white photographs and advertisements. The pages are stapled and some are loose.non-fictionInformation on the VeeDee vibratory massagerveedee vibratory massager, early 20th century medical aids

"Nillumbik Shire Commissioners will tonight consider what to do with a weatherboard dwelling on Wattletree Rd., Eltham North, which it regards as an "eyesore". "The property has a long and infamous history as an administrative headache, a pattern which has been maintained in recent months." says a report on the Council-owned house. It is likely tenders will be called to removed the house from the site". - The Advertiser, Tuesday, November 14, 1995. page 19 The house was the subject of a painting by John Wakefield entitled "Vale, Eltham North" in the collection of Nillumbik Shire Council. Roll of 35mm colour negative film, 8 strips and associated 10 x 15 cm colour printKodak Gold 100-5john wakefield, eltham north reserve, wattletree road

This bottle contains the medicine mixture for diseases of the liver and kidney that was patented by Dr Law of Boston. In the late 19th century Dr Law was a prolific and popular producer of patent medicines. The Warrnambool manufacturing chemist, Richard Kennedy, had the sole rights in Warrnambool to prepare and distribute Dr Law’s medicines. Richard Frank Kennedy (1826-1903) was born in England. He came to Warrnambool in the early 1880s and set up a pharmacy business in Timor Street. He was a retail, wholesale and manufacturing chemist. In 1891 he erected a new building and at that time his shop was described and one of the most elegant and best-stocked chemist’s shops in Victoria. Kennedy was active in Warrnambool community affairs and he was a foundation member of the Warrnambool Bowls Club, being its first Vice-President and an early President. His business continued after his death, trading as R.F.Kennedy and Co. This item is of considerable significance as it is the only example we have of a Dr Law patent medicine produced and distributed by the Warrnambool manufacturing chemist, Richard Kennedy. Both Dr Law and Richard Kennedy used an image of a lighthouse as a business symbol though the images are not identical. This is a glass bottle with a cork containing a chemist’s mixture for diseases of the kidney and liver. The bottle is enclosed in a brown paper cover which is lined with what looks to be the instructions for the use of the medicine. (The bottle is unable to be removed from the covering without major damage to the cover). The covering is brown with images of Dr Law and his lighthouse logo and printed material in brown and white colouring with the name of the product and its benefits. The top of the covering is torn and mended with adhesive tape. ‘Great Blood Purifier’ ‘Dr Law’s Great Cure for Diseases of the Liver and Kidney and all Impurities of the Blood’ Dr Law’s Liver Stimulant and Invaluable Remedy for indigestion, dyspepsia, sick headaches, loss of appetite, spasms, jaundice, constipation, sour stomach, heartburn’ ‘Waterbrasch, Liver, Stomach and Kidneys’ ‘Manufactured at Kennedy’s Pharmaceutical Works, Warrnambool, W.D.’ r.f.kennedy,, warrnambool chemist, dr law of boston, patent medicine producer, chemists in warrnambool, history of warrnambool

This bottle contained aspirin made by the firm of Howard and Sons of England. This firm had its origins in the late 18th century and manufactured pharmaceutical products, especially quinine and aspirin. The latter was used as a painkiller for headaches and minor health problems. The distributor of this bottle of aspirin was Len Suggett, a chemist in Warrnambool. James Barnes established a chemists business in Warrnambool in the mid 1920s and Len Suggett was the manager. After the death of Barnes in 1939 Len Suggett bought the business. The business was at the corner of Liebig and Koroit Streets (102 Liebig Street) until about 1950 when it was moved to another site across the road in Liebig Street.This bottle has local provenance as it came from the pharmacy of Len Suggett who was a well-known businessman in Warrnambool for many years and therefore the item has some significance as a memento of that business. This is a small brown glass bottle. It is empty but originally contained aspirin. The main body of the bottle has a label (white with dark blue edging) covering all sides of the bottle. The label is somewhat stained and frayed. The bottle has no stopper or lid. Howard’s English Aspirin L.G. Suggett Chemist Cr Liebig and Koroit Streets Warrnambool Phone 42

This bottle was found in the pine plantation in Orbost. Comstock’s Morses Indian Root Pills were first manufactured by the American firm in the mid-1850’s but their popularity peaked in Australia in the 1920’s. Indian root is likely Wahoo (Euonymus atropurpureus), a common herb in Native American medicine used as a laxative. One of the most popular patent medicines, Dr. Morse’s Indian Root Pills was almost identical to the hundreds of other cure-alls, or at least claimed to cure the most common ailments of the day. It was advertised as a specific cure for most blood, stomach and liver diseases. The manufacturers claimed that the pills would "absolutely remove all dyspepsia, giddiness, headache, and are most useful in female disorders." (ref. Hagley Museum)This item is an example of a commonly used 'over-the-counter" medicine.A rectangular, brown glass bottle with neck for cork sealing.Morses Indian Root Pills Dose 2 to 4. W. H. Comstockmorses -indian-root-pills bottle medicine health

Yields information about the purported achievement of tram 27 reaching 1,000,000 miles and the TMSV Tour, and the Mt Pleasant terminus.Digital image of a Black and white photograph of Tram 27 at the Mt Pleasant terminus, Barkly and Cobden St during the celebrations of the tram completing its "millionth" mile in Ballarat on Saturday 29 June 1968 In the background is the milk bar with a Peters Ice Cream cone, adverts for Four'N Twenty Pies, Vincent's Headache powders, Briquettes and Phoenix Strawberry Mallows. Tram showing "Special", has banner "This tram has just completed 1,000,000 (million) miles in Ballarat" on the front of the tram during the TMSV Celebratory tour. See also Reg Items 1878 and 7990 to 7995 for other photos of the day by Mal Rowe. Note: A review of the tram car mileages by Dave Macartney, showed that it was actually 900,000, due to a carryover error.trams, tramways, tmsv, million miles, mt pleasant, barkly st, tram 27

Ipecacuan powder, or Dover's powder, was a common emetic used through the eighteenth and nineteenth century as a sudorific and prescribed for colds, coughs, insomnia, rheumatism, pleurisy, and dysentery. Gum arabic was often used as an additive to promote binding of other ingredients to a liquid medium. Likely gum arabic was not prescribed by itself even though there are some health benefits for doing so, such as slowing the rate of absorption of some drugs within the gut. Camphor was a stimulant, narcotic and sudorific and was administered in pill form which included part ipecacuanha and opium to non acute fevers and remedy chromic rheumatism, as part of a liquid mixture to treat violent headaches as well as rheumatism, or in a solid form stored in a small bag worn around a patient's neck as a preservative against infection. Lint was commonly used for medical dressings.The right one of two marching medium sized wood drawers. Each drawer features four sliding lids on their top face which has a corresponding paper label depending on its contents as well as a small semi-circle notch, these lids slide laterally in pairs for either direction. These drawers are found in the front storage location of the parent item and bellow a row of glass containers.Ipecacuan. Powder. Gum Arabic. Camphor. Lint.volum collection

Set of 9, 35mm Tecnodia white plastic mount slides of trams in Spencer St Melbourne, just to the north of Collins St, 29/4/2003 by Colin Rough. All with the Batman Hill Hotel in the background. All in Yarra Trams livery unless noted otherwise. .1 - B 2101, St Kilda Beach, route 96, advertising Shipwrecked the Ride at the Aquarium. .2 - B 2041, northbound route 96, advertising Bridgestone tyres. .3 - B 2108, as for .1, all over advertising for Uncle Tobys .4 - ditto .5 - B 2080 as for .1, advertising Headache pills .6 - B 2036, City Latrobe St, route 75 .7 - B 2023, East Burwood route 75 .8 - ditto .9 - C 3021, route 96.On front written on a label "Yarra Trams Spencer St, Melbourne 29/4/03" and the tram number.trams, tramways, spencer st, yarra trams, b class, route 96, route 75, c class, tram 2101, tram 2041, tram 2108, tram 2080, tram 2036, tram 2023, tram 3021

De Witt's Kidney and Bladder Pills were produced by a firm founded in 1912 by E C De Witt, Cheshire UK, with branches in New Zealand, Chicago and New York. It became part of the CB Fleet Group in 1990, whose UK operation is currently based in Runcorn, Cheshire where they still manufacture toiletries, skin care products and pharmaceutical products. Aimed at adults and children above the age of eight, De Witt’s Kidney and Bladder Pills were intended to ease backache, aches and pains in the muscles, and kidney problems. They are typical of a huge range of treatments that were available ‘over the counter’ at pharmacists for many years. It is not known how effective the pills were but the label assures people not to be alarmed if their urine takes on a bluish colour after taking a dose. The indications or uses for this product as provided by the manufacturer are: A diuretic stimulant for the kidneys to promote the flow of urine, combined with analgesic action. Aids in alleviating muscular aches and pains, restlessness, dizziness, backache, headache, getting up at nights, loss of energy if caused by sluggish kidneys. An empty clear glass bottle with a metal screw top lid that contained De Witts Pills Front Label : NEW / DE WITT'S PILLS / rising sun trade mark / Relieve the pain of Rheumatism / Backache, Fibrositis, Sciatica / DIRECTIONS ......../ R.C.De Witt & Co (Aust) Pty Ltd. / St. Kilda Melbournepharmacy, medicines, glassware, bottles, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, de witt company ltd, cheshire england, cb fleet group ltd, glass manufacturers

TROVE : The Australian Women's Weekly (1933-1982), Wednesday 22 January, 1964, p.32, Advertising. Dexsal, containing 34% pure medicinal glucose for nausea . sick headache . mild indigestion . over indulgence . in food or drink . biliousness . acidity . heartburn . periodic upsets. Directions one or two teaspoons in a tumbler of cold water and drink during effervescence. May be taken as often as desired. Keep tightly capped. Net contents 4 ozs. Reg. VIC 2102, 758. Manufactured by Drug Houses of Australia. For your family - pick the simplest way to settle 'upset tummy' - double-acting DEXSAL The simplest - and safest - because it's formulated wholly and solely to settle upset tummy, nothing else. It contains no pain killer, which can so often set up an excess-acid reaction in the stomach. The lively, sparkling drink of Dexsal dissolved in water is safe. Simply-formulated Dexsal acts in two ways: brings quick, direct relief to upset tummy discomforts or sick feelings and, simultaneously, restores your lost energy. That's because Dexsal contains 34 % medicinal glucose - the energy-builder that quickly restores your natural vitality. Take care of your family, when upset-tummy strikes, with the lively Dexsal drink - the simplest way to settle tummy upsets. (N.B. Children love the fresh tingly-taste of Dexsal) Double-acting Dexsal quickly relieves: . Ordinary indigestion . Sick headache . Heartburn . Nausea . Acidity . Periodic upsets . Biliousness . Over-eating or . Car and travel sickness drinking Safe for alt the family. And especially recommended for expectant mothers. DEXSAL A product of Drug Houses of Australia. Drug Houses of Australia Ltd. (DHA) was established in 1930 after the amalgamation of several proprietary medicine companies, including Felton Grimwade & Co. and Duerdin & Sainsbury Ltd. In 1974 the decision was made, after suffering from enormous financial losses, to break up the company and sell it. Several sections of the company became Felton Grimwade & Bickford Pty Ltd. Timeline of amalgamations 1855 - 1867 Youngman McCann & Co, 1863 - 1930 A. M. Bickford & Sons, 1867 - 1930 Felton Grimwade & Co, - 1930 Taylor-Elliotts Ltd, ? - 1930 Duerdin and Sainsbury Ltd, ? - 1930 Elliott Brothers Limited, - 1930 Rocke Thompsitt, 1863 - 1930 A. M. Bickford & Sons, 1867 - 1930 Felton Grimwade & Co.' 1902 - 1930 Felton Grimwade & Bickford Ltd, 1930 - 1974 Drug Houses of Australia Ltd (DHA), c. 1974 - Felton Grimwade & Bickfords Pty Ltd. Large clear amber glass bottle, rectangular in section with angled corners, wide neck. Embossed text on large side panel, numeral on corner panel near base, monogram, letters and numerals on base.On side panel 'DEXSAL REG. TRADE MARK'. On corner panel near base '4'. On base the letter 'g' or numeral '9' on its side, AGM monogram, 'F397' over '4' , A space then the letter 'M'.dexsal, medicine, drug houses of australia

George Box 1808-1867 an 'agricultural labourer', of Sussex England, married Mary Cripps in 1831 and with 3 three of their 4 four sons and 3 three of their 4 four daughters left Liverpool in the Sailing Ship 'Atlanta' in March 1856 to begin a new life in Melbourne, Victoria , Australia. George and son Henry paid their own fares while sons , Francis and John, were 'assisted passengers'. Their baby daughter Cecilia Lydia died a few days into the voyage.. Caroline Box, the eldest daughter, remained in England working as a cook until she joined the family in Australia in 1863. William Box 1834-1902, the eldest son of George Box, married Elizabeth Avis 1833- 1914 and they resided in Box Cottage 1865 -1914 where they established a market garden and raised 13 children. William and Elizabeth had emigrated in 1854 so George and sons probably worked on their market garden before setting up in Tucker Road and Patterson Road. Sadly Mary drowned in a water hole only 4 months after their arrival in Brighton. Mary suffered from headaches and had occasional fits and the coroner found she passed out and died while trying to ease the pain with cold water from a waterhole. It is supposed that Elizabeth helped him raise the children while he established his market garden. George died from Tetanus following an infected broken leg caused by falling from his dray in 1867. George and Mary were both buried in the Brighton Cemetery. Box Cottage Museum, a reconstruction of an early settler hut, is named after the Box family who resided there 1865 -1913 . George Box was the father of William Box who with his wife Elizabeth Avis Box and 13 children lived and farmed on the block of land in Jasper Road, East Brighton ( now McKinnon / Ormond) that was part of the Henry Dendy Special Survey 1841 Inscribed in Album : “ The early photos in this album were found by Mr (Laurie) Lewis when he was demolishing the Old Box Cottage. He gave them to Mrs Avis Box Eldridge who in turn gave them to me. They were not identified. I believe they rightly belong in the Cottage. I have attempted to identify them and present them in a way they can be preserved as a historical record of the era.” A B Leigh A black and white photograph of George Box taken in Tunbridge Wells, England c1855Photo at base ; TUNBRIDGE WELLS Album inside cover ; Donated to / Moorabbin / Historical Society / by / Avis Box Leigh box george, box mary, box william, box elizabeth, box alonzo, box mary louisa, dendy henry, were j b, dendy's special survey 1841, brighton, moorabbin, bentleigh, mckinnon, ormond, market gardeners, dairy farms, early settlers, pioneers, jasper road, gurr jabez, gurr eliza, pay henry, pay anna, ward willam, box henry, ward elizabeth emma, box john, sheldrake martha, rushall eleanor, box caroline, tetanus

This public notice of 1935 warns of the dangers of Infantile Paralysis. It advises scalding dairy products and reporting stock illness, even though the disease was viral (discovered by U.S. researchers in 1908), not bacterial. There was little chance of protecting children against contracting the disease as the Salk vaccine was not available until 1955, although medical research into the development of preventative serum was well advanced in the 1940's. Treatment of the disease was primitive and a cure not possible.Infantile paralysis was a fearful disease increasingly prevalent in the early 20th Century. Children under 3 were especially susceptible. It could be said to be forever associated with this part of the Western District as a result of the celebrated author, Alan Marshall (1902-1984) suffering its effects. He immortalised his childhood, which was profoundly affected by his paralysis, in the autobiograhical novel 'I can jump puddles'. Calico rectangle off white"Shire of Hampden. Recommendations by the Medical Officer of Health. During the last few weeks eighteen cases of INFANTILE PARALYSIS have occurred in this district. PARENTS are advised to seek Medical advice early in any case of sickness. It is not wise while this sickness is about to treat sick people by home remedies for a few days, for the mild fever-headache, &c., may be the early stage of INFANTILE PARALYSIS, and if a doctor is consulted then he has his best chance of protecting the patient from paralysis. All persons in the district are advised to scald all milk and cream used in the home, even that taken by adults. The people in the district may help solve the puzzle of where this disease comes from, by reporting at once to the Stock Inspector any sickness among the animals. SHIRE OFFICE, CAMPERDOWN, 22nd March, 1935. THOS.F.LITTLE, Secretary, Shire of Hampden." disease, infantile paralysis, poliomyelitis, shire of hampden, public health, childhood

Before factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This machine dates back to the days when your local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Pill machines such as these first appeared in the mid-1700s and quickly became a staple of the Victorian chemist’s shop. A ‘pill mass’ of medicinal powders mixed with a binding agent would be hand-rolled into a pipe on the tile at the back of the machine. This would then be placed across the grooved brass plate and cut into equal-sized pills using the corresponding side of the roller. Once all the necessary ingredients for the pills had been measured and ground with a pestle and mortar a final ingredient was poured in, syrup – this acted as a binding-agent. You could then roll it into a sausage shape. The largest part of the machine is the board. This is set at an angle and is comprised of the rolling surface, the cutting grooves, and the collection-tray. The large flat surface is for rolling out the pill-paste into the sausage shape. This is then rolled towards the brass cutting-grooves. The paddle (the second piece) is flipped over so that the grooves there line up with the grooves on the board. Rollers on the ends of the paddle roll against the brass edges of the board, and they guide the paddle straight across the grooves, taking the pill-mass with it. The grooves on the paddle and the board slice up the pill-mass and, after rolling the thing back and forth a couple of times like a rolling-pin, the circular pills roll off the grooves and into the tray at the bottom. https://galwaycitymuseum.ie/blog/collections-spotlight-victorian-pill-making-machine/?locale=en The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Pill making device including a grooved base board and grooved sliding board with two pill moulds.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, pills, pill maker, medicine, health

Used as tBefore factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This machine dates back to the days when your local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Pill machines such as these first appeared in the mid-1700s and quickly became a staple of the Victorian chemist’s shop. A ‘pill mass’ of medicinal powders mixed with a binding agent would be hand-rolled into a pipe on the tile at the back of the machine. This would then be placed across the grooved brass plate and cut into equal-sized pills using the corresponding side of the roller. Once all the necessary ingredients for the pills had been measured and ground with a pestle and mortar a final ingredient was poured in, syrup – this acted as a binding-agent. You could then roll it into a sausage shape. The largest part of the machine is the board. This is set at an angle and is comprised of the rolling surface, the cutting grooves, and the collection-tray. The large flat surface is for rolling out the pill-paste into the sausage shape. This is then rolled towards the brass cutting-grooves. The paddle (the second piece) is flipped over so that the grooves there line up with the grooves on the board. Rollers on the ends of the paddle roll against the brass edges of the board, and they guide the paddle straight across the grooves, taking the pill-mass with it. The grooves on the paddle and the board slice up the pill-mass and, after rolling the thing back and forth a couple of times like a rolling-pin, the circular pills roll off the grooves and into the tray at the bottom. https://galwaycitymuseum.ie/blog/collections-spotlight-victorian-pill-making-machine/?locale=enhe companion item to pill-maker base, item 488.2The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century.Pill making device including a grooved base board and grooved sliding board with two pill mouldsNone.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, pill making, pill mould, medicine, health

Before factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill and suppository machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This mould dates back to the days when the local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Some medicines are formulated to be used in the body cavities: the suppository (for the rectum), the pessary (for the vagina) and the bougie (for the urethra or nose). History Suppositories, pessaries and bougies have been prescribed for the last 2000 years but their popularity as a medicinal form increased from around 1840 - suppositories for constipation, haemorrhoids and later as an alternative method of drug administration, pessaries for vaginal infections and bougies for infections of the urethra, prostate, bladder or nose. Manufacture The basic method of manufacture was the same for each preparation, the shape differed. Suppositories were "bullet" or "torpedo" shaped, pessaries "bullet" shaped but larger and bougieslong and thin, tapering slightly. A base was required that would melt at body temperature. Various oils and fats have been utilised but, until the advent of modern manufactured waxes, the substances of choice were theobroma oil (cocoa butter) and a glycerin-gelatin mixture. The base was heated in a spouted pan over a water-bath until just melted. The medicament was rubbed into a little of the base (usually on a tile using a spatula) and then stirred into the rest. The melted mass was then poured into the relevant mould. Moulds were normally in two parts, made from stainless steel or brass (silver or electroplated to give a smooth surface). To facilitate removal the moulds were treated with a lubricant such as oil or soap solution. To overcome the difficulty of pouring into the long, thin bougie mould, it was usual to make a larger quantity of base, to partially unscrew the mould, fill with base and then screw the two halves of the mould together thus forcing out the excess. When cool, any excess base was scraped from the top of the mould, the mould opened and the preparations removed, packed and labelled with the doctor's instructions. https://www.rpharms.com/Portals/0/MuseumLearningResources/05%20Suppositories%20Pessaries%20and%20Bougies.pdf?ver=2020-02-06-154131-397The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century.Proctological mould for making suppositories.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, suppositories, medicine, health

Before factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill and suppository machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This mould dates back to the days when the local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Some medicines are formulated to be used in the body cavities: the suppository (for the rectum), the pessary (for the vagina) and the bougie (for the urethra or nose). History Suppositories, pessaries and bougies have been prescribed for the last 2000 years but their popularity as a medicinal form increased from around 1840 - suppositories for constipation, haemorrhoids and later as an alternative method of drug administration, pessaries for vaginal infections and bougies for infections of the urethra, prostate, bladder or nose. Manufacture The basic method of manufacture was the same for each preparation, the shape differed. Suppositories were "bullet" or "torpedo" shaped, pessaries "bullet" shaped but larger and bougieslong and thin, tapering slightly. A base was required that would melt at body temperature. Various oils and fats have been utilised but, until the advent of modern manufactured waxes, the substances of choice were theobroma oil (cocoa butter) and a glycerin-gelatin mixture. The base was heated in a spouted pan over a water-bath until just melted. The medicament was rubbed into a little of the base (usually on a tile using a spatula) and then stirred into the rest. The melted mass was then poured into the relevant mould. Moulds were normally in two parts, made from stainless steel or brass (silver or electroplated to give a smooth surface). To facilitate removal the moulds were treated with a lubricant such as oil or soap solution. To overcome the difficulty of pouring into the long, thin bougie mould, it was usual to make a larger quantity of base, to partially unscrew the mould, fill with base and then screw the two halves of the mould together thus forcing out the excess. When cool, any excess base was scraped from the top of the mould, the mould opened and the preparations removed, packed and labelled with the doctor's instructions. https://www.rpharms.com/Portals/0/MuseumLearningResources/05%20Suppositories%20Pessaries%20and%20Bougies.pdf?ver=2020-02-06-154131-397The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century.Proctological mould for making suppositories.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, suppositories, medicine, health

As per another example in better condition displayed on shelf above Drawers 1+2 in Chemist ' Beechams Pills as sold by the proprietors St.Helens, Lancashire England. Beechams Pills Ltd. Melbourne VIC'. Earliest mention in Victorian Newspapers TROVE : Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Friday 19 December 1884, page 7 'A WONDERFUL MEDICINE BEECHAMS PILLS Are admitted by thousands to be worth above a guinea a box for bilious and nervous disorders such as wind and pain in tho stomach, sick headache, giddiness, fulness and swelling after meals dizziness and drowsiness, cold chills, flushings of heat, loss of appetite, shortness of breath costiveness, scurvy, blotches on the skin, disturbed sleep, frightful dreams, and all nervous and trembling sensations, &c The first dose will give relief in 20 minutes This is no fiction, for they have done it in thousands of cases. Every sufferer Is earnestly invited to try one box of these pills, and they will be acknowledged to be WORTH A GUINEA A BOX. For females of all ages these pills are invaluable as a few doses of them carry off all humours and bring about all that is required No female should be with-out them There is no medicine to be found to equal Beecham's Pills for removing any obstruction or Irregularity of the system. If taken according to the directions given with each box they will soon restore females of all ages to sound and robust health For a weak stomach, impaired digestion, and all disorders of the liver they act like "Magic, and a few doses will be found to work wonders upon the most important organs of the human machine They strengthen tho whole muscular system, restore the long lost complexion bring back the keen edge of appetite, and arouse into action with the rosebud of health, the whole physical energy of the human frame These are ' facts ' admitted by thousands embracing all classes of society, and one of the best guarantees to the nervous and debilitated Is Beechams Pills have the largest sale of any patent medicine in the world Full directions are given with each box Sold by all druggists and patent medicine dealers throughout the colonies'. Most recent article in Victorian newspapers : TROVE : Wodonga and Towong Sentinel (Vic. : 1885 - 1954), Friday 24 December 1954, page 1. 'MUM KNOWS BEST SHE KEEPS THE FAMILY FIT WITH BEECHAM'S PILLS SAFE because Beecham's Pills contain no harmful habit-forming drugs-they are a purely vegetable laxative. Pills balanced formula gives natural laxative action without harsh purgative effects banishes constipation. MOTHERS know how to keep growing children in their teens fit and happy-with Beecham' s Pill, the family laxative. TAKE Beecham's Pills WORTH A GUINEA A BOX'. Relevant local newspaper article reference : TROVE : Gippsland Times (Vic. : 1861 - 1954), Thursday 29 October 1942, page 1 'ln times like these old friends are best You will not have to go far before finding a friend who can tell you by personal experience how gentle and reliable Beecham's Pills are--and how effectively they banish head aches. digestive upsets and liverish ness. Purely vegetable....1/-....2/...per box Worth a guinea a box' Cylindrical wooden box with the remains of an orange, red and white printed label on top, containing small orb shaped pills.Label on lid : Beecham's pills...............Beecham's Pills Ltd., Melbourne, Vic.laxitive, pills

This small, portable 1930s Sanax First Aid Case has been strongly constructed, with corners reinforced with metal to take knocks and bumps, so it could be quickly transported to the site of an emergency. Having these supplies organised into a kit made them easily accessible and reduces time to take them to the site of the accident. It was possibly designed for use in factories because the booklet in the case states that the kit complies with “Part 1, Victorian Factories Regulations”. The text of the printed brand “Sanax First Aid Case” is right-way up when the case stands vertically on its hinged side. In modern times people are well aware of the importance of quick treatment when accident and injury occur. However, before the first commercial First Aid Kit was made by Johnson & Johnson in 1888, people had little knowledge about treating injuries and lacked information about suitable supplies to keep on hand for emergencies. They were often unaware of how to help in that critical time before the doctor or other assistance arrived, a particularly important time for the many people living in remote areas. A quote from Johnson’s & Johnson’s 1888 price list explains “It is a fact, which is everywhere being recognized, that many lives are lost and much suffering entailed in such accidents on account of the lack of the simple but necessary articles required to afford prompt assistance to the wounded.” One example of the value of First Aid assistance to community groups is shown in an article from the Weekly Times, 29th November 1930. It records a report from the Annuello Branch of the Younger Set (a Country Women’s Organisation), telling that on Armistice Day their president Mrs Jamieson, presented the Annuello School with the gift of a Sanax Red Cross First Aid outfit, which was accepted as being “of great practical use to the scholars.” (Annuello is a remote wheat growing area in the Mallee region of North Western Victoria, which became a soldier settlement area after World War I. There is a strain of wheat named ‘Annuello’ due to its suitability for that area. ) The Sanax Case in our Collection contains instructions, equipment and medical items suitable for use in emergency situations. The Case was one of 42 patterns available from Sanax that conformed to ‘Part 1, Victorian Factories Regulations’. It includes items made by Sanax Company and by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (Australia) Ltd., Sydney, NSW. A quote at the back of the First Aid Emergency Instructions booklet says: “Sanax products are made in Australia by or under the supervision of qualified chemists, from the highest quality materials. They are dependable for the purposes written on labels.” BOOKLET included in First Aid Case: “SANAX” First-Aid Emergency Instructions has orange cover and white pages, joined in the centre by two staples. Booklet contains First Aid Instructions for general events listed in alphabetical order. It also contains an indexed sections headed “Poisoning, and what to do” written by S.A. Burrows, Ph.C., Vuc and N.Z. There are instructions and diagrams on how to perform Artificial Respiration. There are advertisement for Sanax products throughout the booklet that include; - Sanax Ambulance Stretcher for timber mills, mines, ships and quarries - Saw dust masks (porous rubber) for workers in dust, paint or duco sprayers Inside cover lists Sanax’s Australian made products including - tablets and powders for headaches, neuralgia, influenza, colds - snuff for Catarrh that is “quite harmless” - First Aid Cases that come in a range of 42 patterns - sunburn preventatives and treatments - healing salve for carbuncles, pock, pimples, boils, varicose ulcers etc. - snake bite outfits and kits LEAFLETS included in First Aid Case: (1) Tannafax Tannic Acid Jelly. Tannafax should be kept at hand in every home. It should be applied direct from the tube and used with neither oil nor grease. Where a large area has to be covered the clamped end may be torn or cut off to give a wider mouth to the tube. Collapsible tubes of different sizes. Made in Australia. Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (Australia) Ltd. (Incorporated in England). Sydney, NSW. Assorted Houses, London, New York, Montreal, Cape Town, Milan, Bombay, Shanghai, Buenos Aires. Copyright A. 1817, J. 9463 (2) Tabloid. The strong thing is the just - - . Tabloid marks the wor - - Burroughs Wellcome & Comp. The use of the word is to enab – the prescriber, dispenser and patient to get the right thing with one short word, instead of the firm’s long name. If another maker apply the word to his product, the act is unlawful. Tabloid is our trade mark and brand. If a vendor disregard it in dispensing or selling, the act is unlawful for the same reason. We prosecute both offenders rigorously, in the interest of prescribers, dispensers, patients and the owners of the trade mark. Please inform us of any instance of either offence. Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (Australia) Ltd. (Incorporated in England). Telephone Number - M 4184 (4 lines) All communications to G.P.O. Box No. 1185 DD. Copyright Sy. 20. & J 9894. Medicines and Equipment included in First Aid Case: - Absorbent Cotton, Sanax, for absorbing blood or drying a wound. As a swab for washing wounds; to place above a compress to keep the heat in: or as a pad to protect wounds or fractures. The Sanax Co. Manuf. Chemists, Melbourne. Regd. Office: 5 Brunswick St, Fitzroy. N.6. - ACHE tablets, Sanax, for all aches, pains, fevers etc. Dose: 2 to 3 tablets with a draught of water, every 3 hours. Children in proportion. For influenza or colds, take the bedtime dose with a hot lemon drink or toddy. Recommended for Headaches, Colds, Influenza, Fevers, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Nerve Pains, Sleeplessness, and Seasickness. Three Sanax Ache tablets equals one Sanax Ache powder. Each tablet contains 1.75grs. each Phenacotinum and Acety acSzilcyl, and .75grs Ammon Brom. Etc.. Sanax brand specialties are prepared by highly qualified pharmaceutical chemists and may be accepted as safe and effective for the purpose indicated on the label. The Sanax Co. Melbourne - Eye lotion, Sanax, “in eye bath full strength or diluted with equal parts of water. Sanax Co. Brunswich St, Fitzroy, Melbourne. - Iodine, Sanax, POISON, with instructions for what to do if swallowed. - Kuraburn, Sanax, Applied to the burn and allowed to dry, the pain and heat instantly disappear, and blistering is prevented. If necessary, apply again in an hours. To safeguard against burning when sunbathing, apply before exposure to the sun. If already sunburnet, use Kuraburn as directions above. Safe and harmless. Sole makers, The Sanax Co. Brunswick St. - - Vic. - Sal Volatile, Sanax, - - stimulant for - - nervous aches - - or as smelling salts Dose - - - - Solution of A- - - 5%, . The Sanax Co. Brunswick St, Melbourne. - Tannafax, Burroughs Wellcome & Co. Australia Ltd. Sydney, N.S.W., 20gm. Approx., Tannic Acid Jelly, (Tannic Acid with 0.5% Phenol in a water-soluble base) for burns and scalds. A.N. 15050, p188, logo of a unicorn. Apply lightly, allow to dry, and bandage loosely. Do not apply oil or grease. - bottle wrapped in brown paper, unknown contents, paper adhered to bottle. - dish, kidney shaped, metal, white enamel with black rim - eye bath, green, plastic or Bakelite SANAX COMPANY The Sanax Company was at the address of 5 Brunswick Street, Fitzroy [Melbourne] at least as early as November 1924, as shown by its advertisement of Ache Powder in the Weekly Times, 8th November 1924. It was still at this address in September 1951, when it advertised First Aid outfits and components in the Post Master General’s section of the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. REFERENCES: Annuello, Victoria; Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annuello,_Victoria Annuello Younger Set, Branch Activities and Local Reports, Country Women’s Organisations, Weekly Times, 29 November 1930, Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224921009?searchTerm=%22sanax%22%20and%20%22melbourne%22&searchLimits=# Commonwealth of Australia Gazette, Issue 32, 24th April 1915, https://www.legislation.gov.au/file/1915GN32 [Johnson & Johnson Price List, September 1, 1888, p. 20. From our archives], Celebrating the 125th Birthday of the First Aid Kit , The Story of Johnson & Johnson, , http://www.kilmerhouse.com/2013/06/from-1888-to-2013-celebrating-the-125th-birthday-of-the-first-aid-kit/ Post Master General’s section of the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette, Issue No. 73, Thursday 27th September 1951 http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/232185299?searchTerm=%22sanax%22%20and%20%22fitzroy%22&searchLimits= Sanax First Aid Emergency Instructions, by S.A. Burrows, publisher Sanax Ltd. Fitzroy, Victoria, 1930-1939 English, book, Illustrated edition, Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/40948895 Access to emergency medical help in early settlement days of Victoria could take quite some time, especially in remote areas. From 1888 First Aid Kits and instructions became available for work sites, offices, community groups and individuals, helping to bridge the gap between the accident and the arrival of medical assistance. This portable Sanax First Aid Case is an example of portable medical equipment made in Melbourne, Australia, in the 1930’s and available to the public. It contains a range of items plus information to be used in a variety of injuries and emergencies in in factories, households, businesses and local communities, and instructions on their use. First Aid Case, portable, Sanax First Aid Case. First Aid kit in strong black cardboard carry case with metal reinforced corners, metal hinges on lid, metal catch and leather carry handle. Inside lid is a vertical strap with narrow gap behind it. Base is divided into two compartments. Manufactured by Sanax, Fitzroy, Melbourne, C. 1930-1939 Contents include "Sanax" First Aid instructions booklet, 2 leaflets, metal kidney dish enamelled in white with black trim on edge, green plastic or Bakelite eye bath, eye lotion, Tannafax tannic acid jelly, Sal Volitile, Kuraburn, Iodine, Argyrol, ACHE tablets, absorbent cotton in cardboard box, gauze bandage, and UNKNOWN wrapped bottle. Printed in gold on lid of case “SANAX” FIRST AID CASE. Most of the contents, as well as the case, show the “SANAX” brand. Some contents are inscribed Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (Australia) Ltd., flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, first aid items, first aid kit, emergency first aid, medical emergency kit, home emergency kit, industrial emergency kit, sanax company fitzroy melbourne, burroughs wellcome & co. (australia) ltd, thos. urquhart & son pty. ltd. melbourne, sanax first aid case, sanax first-aid emergency instructions, part 1 victorian factories regulations, tabloid medical supplies