A black and white photograph of Sergeant Jurd and Pte R.W. Hunter with tracker dog 'Milo' at the Fire Support Base Peggy enjoy a quiet yarn during a breat away from patrolling during Operation Federal (FebruaryMarchr 1969) Tracker dogs were used in a variety of roles.photograph, sgt jurd, pte hunter, operation federal, fire support base, tracker dog, gibbons collection catalogue, fire base peggy, milo tracker dog

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of late afternon, 14th March 1969. Section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh 'Operation Federal' 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) - the M60 Gunner moves to the fork in the road to give covering fire to the section riflemen.photograph, 7 platoon, c coy, operation federal, taor patrol, long binh, m60 machine gun, gibbons collection catalogue, denis gibbons, photographer, vietnam war, section strength, 4 rar/nz (anzac), riflemen

A black and white photograph of a Seven Platoon, Charlie Company, 4th Battalion/New Sealand (ANZAC), Royal Australian Regiment, number two on the M60 machine gun, patrols through close country on Operation Federal. the bullet belts for the m60 are twined about his body to distribute the weight.photograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, m60 machine gun, charlie company

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of Private G.L. Condon, 7 Platoon, Charlie Coy 4th Battalion/New Zealand (ANZAC) stopping for a short rest while patrolling in Bien Hoa Province on 'Operation Federal'. Pte Condon is carrying an Armalite rifle and an M79 grenade launcher (June 1968-May 1969).photograph, pte g l condon, 7 platoon, c coy, 4th nz battalion, operation federal, bien hoa province, armalite rifle, m72 rocket launcher, gibbons collection catalogue, denis gibbons, photographer, vietnam war

A black and white photograph of Contact, contact, contact....late afternoon, section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 platoon, C Coy 4 RAR/NZ(ANZAC), the M60 machine gunner moves to the fork in the road to give covering fire to the section riflemen.photograph, taor patrol, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, m60 machine gun, gibbons collection catalogue, long binh operation

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contact - later afternnon, Section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) , Cpl Gary Mosely keeps a tight reign on a captured NVA/VietCong sapper prisoner.photograph, 7 platoon, c coy, 4 rar nz, fire base betty, operation federal, cpl gary mosely, nva/vc, gibbons collection catalogue

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contact late afternoon, section strength TAOR Patrol, Long Binh, Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 platoon, C Coy 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC). The section Diggers cover each other as they pull back to meet the rest of 7 Platoonphotograph, long binh, operation federal, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, taor patrol, 7 platoon, diggers

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contacts, late afternoon strength section, TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) ,back as 7 Platoon area a digger burns the uniforms and packs captured during the firefightphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, taor patrol, gibbons collection catalogue

A black and white photograph of contact, Contact, contact, late afternoon, section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC), a captured NVA/VietCong sapper waits to be picked up by helicopter and taken to Fire Base Peggyphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, taor patrol, fire base peggy

A black and white photograph of Contact, contact, contact ... late afternoon, Section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) under heavy fire from both sides of the road, the riflemen engage the enemy around them.photograph, 7 platoon, 4rar nz, operation federal, taor patrol, long binh, gibbons collection catalogue, c coy, long binh operation

A black and white photograph of Contat, Contact, Contact....late afternoon section strength TAOR Patrol, Long Binh, Operation Federal, 14th March 1969, 7 platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC), under heavy fire from both sides of the road the riflemen engage the enemy to their immediate rightphotograph, operation federal, long binh, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, taor patrol

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contact, late afternoon, section strength TAOR Patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Coy 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC). A captured NVA/VietCong sapper is moved to be picked up by helicopter and taken to Fire Base Bettyphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, fire base betty, taor patrol, nva/vc

A black and white photograph of Contact, contact, Contact, late afternoon, section strength TAOR Patrol, Long Binh, Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC),Cpl Gary Mosely and another digger drag a dead enemy as they pull back to meet the rest of 7 Platoonphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, cpl gary mosely, gibbons collection catalogue, taor patrol

A black and white photograph of contact, Contact, Contact late afternoon, section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 platoon, C Coy 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC), under heavy fire from both sides of the road the riflemen engage the enemy as the M60 moves forwardphotograph, long binh, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, m60 machine gun, 7 platoon, taor patrol, operation federal, m60

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contact late afternoon section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh Operation Federal 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC), the forward scout engages (17)seventeen NVA/VietCong sappers moving up the road to his rightphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, taor patrol, nva/vc

A black and white photograph of Contact, Contact, Contact, late afternoon section strength TAOR patrol, Long Binh, Operation Federal, 14th March 1969, 7 Platoon, C Company 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) a captured NVA/VietCong sapper prior is guarded by two diggers prior to being moved out into captivityphotograph, long binh, operation federal, 7 platoon, c coy, 4rar nz, gibbons collection catalogue, nva viet cong, diggers

Brief history of unit in Vietnam including Honour Role. Three black and white Photograph. 1st photograph - 'contact!' on ops Phuoc Tuy Province 1968 - 1969. 2nd photograph - 4 RAR tracker dog at work 1968 - 1969. 3rd photograph - two soldiers, one interpreter persuing captured documents.4 rar, deployment operations, tracker dog, poster, information board, phuoc tuy province, operation toan thang, operation hawkesbury, operation goodwood, operation federal, operation overlander

Acquired when "Classweave Industries" closed down.textile mills - operation, federal woollen mills ltd classweave industries pty ltd

In 1984 the Commonwealth Government made available to Flagstaff Hill a collection of lead ingots and copper sheets recovered from the wreck-site of the LOCH ARD. They were presented to the Warrnambool City Council by the Hon. Tom Uren MHR, Minister for Territories and Local Government: “The Commonwealth recognises that shipwrecks like the LOCH ARD are our national heritage with important educational, recreational and tourist applications” (The Standard, Tuesday 8 May 1984). The LOCH ARD was wrecked in 1878. Unsuccessful salvage operations were then undertaken with the 90 ton paddle steamer NAPIER. In sudden bad weather this vessel too was sunk. The precise position of the LOCH ARD in the exposed and dangerous waters off Mutton Bird Island became lost to memory. The underwater location of the LOCH ARD was rediscovered in 1967 by a Warrnambool skindiver, Stan McPhee. In the two years following his find, the vessel was systematically pillaged by unauthorised salvagers. This led to the State and Federal Governments’ intervention in 1969. A roundup and seizure of recovered lead ingots and copper sheets was conducted by Commonwealth and Victorian Police. Offenders were charged and convicted. The “repossessed loot of the Tassie Boys” was placed into secure storage (Jack Loney, 1978, Wrecks & Reputations). The LOCH ARD manifest of cargo lists “Pig lead 50 tons, 994 pig & 37 rolls” and “Copper 33 plates, 53 bolts”. While the lead ingots have been subsequently described as “ballast”, the copper sheets are unlikely to have been associated with the ship’s normal complement in that way. Similar product lines in the cargo manifest are “Bar and rod iron 102 tons”, “Plate iron 3 tons” and “Zinc 12 tons”. These raw materials were used by colonial artisans such as blacksmiths and metal smelters to fashion, and repair, agricultural implements and industrial machinery. Copper was valued for its non-corrosive properties and its malleability, or ease of working. Both these qualities were useful, for example, in laying underground gas pipes that supplied lighting to residences, businesses and streetscapes in the mid-nineteenth century. As the nineteenth century progressed, the metal was also increasingly valued for its conductivity, with copper wiring linking colonial communities to each other, and the wider world, via the Telegraph system. The average weight of the copper sheets is 216 kilograms, calculated by "volume 0.1936m³ X Cu density 8930kgs/m³".The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck. The collections object is to also give us a snapshot into history so we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. The collections historically significance is that it is associated unfortunately with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history. Large heavy sheets or panels of copper metal raised from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. The 10 sheets are of roughly similar dimensions and rectangular shape. They bear signs of prolonged submersion in seawater, with various degrees of limestone accretion, adhered marine growth, and green oxidisation. Three of the sheets are severely buckled, demonstrating the force of underwater explosives used in their salvage. One sheet appears cut or severed in a diagonal line downwards from its top left hand corner. One sheet has a 10cm X 10cm square cut out of its top right hand corner. All sheets are in sturdy, stable condition. No maker’s marks are visible.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, sailing ship, copper sheet, manutacturing materials, metal imports, muntz

Original held by Mr. Mike Rosel. Relates to series of images, reg. No P000027, P000028.2, P000029.3, P000030.2, P000031, P000032Photograph shows Port of Echuca from a slight height looking lengthways (north ward) with the steam train carriages and the wharf dominating the view. Murray river on the right, Murray esplanade on left with Star hotel visible and Federal Ale sign of the northern fence beyond the hotel. Sawmill is a commercial concern (steam visible above roof). Steam train marked A2 and 996 on the front of the engine. Various equipment , including manual cranes, visible on and around the wharf. Cargo shed is clearly visible on the wharf.Black and white photograph of the Port of Echuca from a slight height looking lengthways, (north) with steam train and wharf dominating the view. Murray river on the right and Murray Esplanade on left. Cranes and cargo shed clearly visible with other wharf machinery running along the side of the wharf. Star Hotel visible on the far left of the photograph. Saw mill (in background) is still a working operation.On train "A2" and "996". "Federal Ale" sigh on the fence beyond the Star Hotel.port of echuca, sawmill, steam trains, echuca wharf, rosel, mike

This manual telephone exchange console is an important piece of equipment which provided the most efficient method of long distance communications in the 1950's to the 1980's. Communications were critical, not only for the regional Hospital, but also for large construction sites i.e. the Kiewa Hydro Scheme, especially if they are in dense rugged mountainous regions. The degree of Occupation Health and Welfare on industrial sites were at a bare minimum compared to the work scene after the 1980's.This telephone exchange console is highly significant to both the Kiewa Valley and Mount Beauty region because it was so important in the communications field relating to operational safety and work related controls. The success of any large undertaken relies heavily upon good communications. In the hospital this method of communications is still used i.e. patient to ward station. This flag system link a patient's room to the controlling nursing station. Identification of the patient needing help is crucial for swift action from the available medical staff. Similarly in large construction sites such as the Kiewa Hydro Scheme, successful instant communications was also essential. This switchboard required a 50 volt supply to successfully operate and was in use when both telecommunications and postal were under the one Federal Government carrier i.e. The Post Master General. A benefit with a line communication system (such as the one that fed this console was that interference from atmospheric conditions did not impede the connection.This console telephone switchboard (manual) unit has a shutter operation (precursor to the light indicator) to identify the caller to the telephone switchboard operator. This switchboard has a ten point indication shutter system allowing the operator to clearly identify where the caller is located. The console has a 44 connection point holes with their configurations in a triangular shape. The shutters are held closed by a small lever at the top which is opened by a small electrical charge from the incoming call. The operator uses a wind up handle to power a magneto connector(handle on the console's right side). The telephone hand set is located on the left side of the console. sec vic kiewa hydro scheme, alternate energy supplies, alpine population growth and communications

Australia's first telephone exchange was opened in Melbourne in August 1880. It was operated by the Melbourne Telephone Exchange Company. Owned by W. H. Masters and T. T. Draper, the Manager of the Company was H. Byron Moore. This was only two years after the world's first exchange in the United States, and just four years after Bell first spoke on a telephone. The exchange was located in the old Stock Exchange building at 367 Collins Street, a site now occupied by the Commonwealth Bank. In 1884, the operations of the Company, by then known as the Victorian Telephone Exchange Company, had grown considerably and were transferred to Wills Street, Melbourne. Private ownership of this company continued until 1887 when it was bought out by the Victorian Colonial Government. Other colonial governments followed this example. By 1910, the growth in telephone services made additional accommodation necessary. This could not be provided in the existing building in Wills Street and arrangements were made for a new exchange in Lonsdale Street. Alexander Graham Bell visited Australia in 1910 to advise the Federal Government's Postal Commission. Telephone exchanges were established in Adelaide with (48 subscribers), Hobart (10 subscribers) and Launceston (35 subscribers). The first exchange in Western Australia was established in 1887 and located in a small three-room cottage in Wellington Street, Perth with 17 subscribers. The year 1888 marked the opening of the Fremantle exchange in a small room at the rear of the Town Hall. There were nine subscribers. Australia's first automatic exchange was installed in the GPO in Sydney, in 1911, for internal use. But the first automatic exchange for public use was opened at Geelong in Victoria in the next year July 1912 with 800 subscribers. Melbourne's first automatic exchange was opened in the suburb of Brighton in 1914; the first public automatic exchange in NSW began operating at Newtown, Sydney in 1915; and Queensland's first was installed at South Brisbane in 1925. 1929 saw the opening of Tasmania's first automatic exchange in Hobart. an automatic telephone service. In June 1977, the manual telephone exchange at Swansea was replaced with an automatic service and made Tasmania the first State in Australia to have a fully automatic network. The half-century following Federation saw the growth of the automatic operation; a great extension of trunk line services; The automatic telephone contributed greatly to the early popularity of telephones in Australia. It was a quicker and more convenient way of communicating with another person on the same exchange — instead of having to go through tedious processes with the operator. From its introduction, the number of automatic telephones in operation grew to a remarkable extent. In 1886, the first trunk link of 16 km was connected to the exchanges of Adelaide and Port Adelaide in South Australia. Then, in 1907, the first inter-capital telephone trunk line was opened between Sydney and Melbourne. It was followed by a line between Melbourne and Adelaide in 1914. Sydney and Brisbane were linked in 1923, and Perth and Adelaide in 1930. In 1930, the first overseas calls from Australia came possible with the introduction of a radiotelephone service to England, and through there to Europe and America. A similar service opened to New Zealand in the same year. Initially, trunk channels linked different manual trunk exchanges. It was necessary for a succession of trunk operators to connect the appropriate channels, one after the other until the connection was made. As trunk traffic grew. the system became increasingly unsuitable. More trunk operators had to be employed and so labour costs increased. It was a tedious and slow way of making a long-distance call, and it was sometimes hard to hear, particularly when several exchanges were linked With technical advances, trunk switching moved from manual operation through a partly automatic phase. Automatic transit switching equipment was used and only a single operator was required to connect a trunk call to a wanted automatic subscriber. Until well beyond the middle of this century, the majority of trunk traffic went through this single telephonist control. In 1953, the number of telephones in use in Australia passed the one million mark. By then, the need for improvement in the automatic exchanges was becoming well recognised. The need was for a telephone switching system which would do a better job more economically than the conventional step-by-step ex-change. This led to the adoption of the Crossbar system as the standard in automatic telephone exchanges in 1960. The introduction of Crossbar switching was a big step forward in the automation of trunk calls. It substituted automatic switching and charging equipment for the originating trunk operator, and improved the quality of the system radically. Before the introduction of the Crossbar system there were often very long delays in obtaining a booked trunk call, and the quality of sound was often very poor. With Crossbar, Subscriber Trunk Dialing (STD) became a reality. A trunk call by STD was as easy to make and almost as fast to connect as a local call.The item was made around the 1940s and used up until the 1970s in manual cord telephone exchanges as a way to time and charge users for trunk calls made over the telecom system of the time. Post Master General dept. - Trunk Call Timer.Inscribed PMG, C. of A, 37. Bell chimes at 3 min increments.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, timer, trunk call, telephone, cord exchange

John Hitchen was the manager of the first Cheltenham Post Office that opened 1/8/1857 in a boot and shoe store. Mail was transported to and from St Kilda to Cheltenham by coach 6 days a week and an additional service twice weekly to Tootgarook via Frankston also by coach. 1868 Post office Savings Bank began operation and the Telegraph office was established at the Railway Station 1885. A new building was built 1891 in Point Nepean Road for the official Cheltenham Post Office and a new manual telephone exchange began 1899 with 24 subscribers. By 1909 100 subscribers, 1951 there were 1700 and in 1974 12,000 subscribers . Hence this new building was designed by Oscar A. T. Gimsey & Assoc. and built by T W Morris & Sons Mordialloc. Mr G Clayton Federal MP Isaacs, opened the Post Office with Moorabbin City Council Mayor C.R McHutchison, Mr WJB Pollock, Director Posts and Telegraphs, and hands the Key of the post Office to Mr L De Longville Postmaster.The Post Office was an integral part to the development and prosperity of the Cheltenham area as the area grew from pioneer settlers in the 1850's to flourishing market gardens c1900 and industrial diversity of 1974.Program for the 'Official Opening of the Cheltenham Post Office' November 29th 1974 with a black and white photo of the building.city of moorabbin, county of bourke, moorabbin roads board, parish of moorabbin, shire of moorabbin, henry dendy's special survey 1841, were j.b., bent thomas, o'shannassy john, king richard, charman s, highett william, ormond francis, maynard dennis, post office, telegraph, st kilda station, tootgarook, frankston, clayton g mhr, mchutchison r.p mayor, pollock w j b mp, market gardens, early settlers, horse coach, de longville l postmaster

44 p. : ill. (some col.), maps, ports. non-fiction"This book celebrates the great community contribution of the Friends of Mentone Station & Gardens Inc. over the last decade. The group's hard work and co-operation with many other community, local, state and federal governments and commercial organisations has resulted in many community awards and grants. Numerous community gatherings and soirées are held in the gardens." -- Back cover.mentone, mentone railway station gardens, friends of mentone station & garden, railroad stations

Maroon coloured board with 9RAR Operations. Map of Vietnam inside a white rectangle are regions mared on with outlines and numbered. Just above the map are numbers and operations, dated, that match the region marked.9RAR Operations 1. King hit one 10-11 Dec 68 2. King hit two 12-24 Dec 68 3. Goodwood 1 Jan-17 Feb 69 4. OP Federal 17 Feb-2 April 69 5. OP Overland 2-10 April 69 6. OP overlander 11-15 April 69 7. OP Surfside 16-23 April 69 8. OP Reynella 8May-15June 69 9. OP Matthew 29 June-17July 69 10. Op hatditch 18-31 July 69 11. OP Neppabunna 18 Aug-15 Sept 69 12. OP Jack 30 Sept-31 Oct 699 rar, map

On 1 January 2001, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of the coming into operation of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia. This book provides a who's who of the men who worked to achieve federation.On 1 January 2001, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of the coming into operation of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia. This book provides a who's who of the men who worked to achieve federation.Frontispiece: To Sue Barnett /with thanks and / best wishes / from John Lahey /October 2000constitutional history, (mr) john lahey, federal government, royal historical society of victoria