The Ballarat Technical Art School opened in 1907 as a division of the Ballarat School of Mines.Ledger with brown and blue marbled paper cover and brown tape spine. Some names are listed under keywords.ballarat technical art school, h.w. malin, lilliam moyle, queens college, .doris walker, emily turnbull, viola jackson, c.w. sergeant, hilda wardell, hettie gilbert, alice benoit, ella morrow, d.g. johnston, p. brokenshire, edna tweedie, millicent white, dorisn walker, isla gray, mollie brophy, annie speak, c.v. clegg, agnes w. reid, nin z. woinarski, bessie yates, bessie landles, jean mcdonald, harold herbert, harold h. herbert, lizzie develin, florrie sides, fletcher j. crane, catherine ronald, gertrude owen, m.d. hamilton, clara v. clegg, leslie sim, ida barker, charlotte turner, florrie barnes, james n. boyce, leo coburn, carrie peters, mabel chapman, fred mcintyre, elsie rich, henry c. hart, g. bannerman, jack meadows, preston white, lyn hamilton, a. murray, lillian moyle, nina davies, maggie kittelty, m. snell, samuel mee, agnes carley, ida delina, katherine dillon, nellie mccubbin, lila lynch, e. owen, g. owen, d. owen, alice m. coltman, ruby bawden, elsie joy, ellen j. norton, herbert rich, g. medwell, maria loader, agnes gibb, quennie young, a.e. kennedy, o. geddes, ruby l. smith, roy proctor, elsie naples, w.b.g. mcdonald, cecil brittain, elsie fawcett, g. calvert, albert coates, catherine hogan, may vercoe, daisy saunders, dora furness, matilda johnson, gordon steele, c.w. sargeant, e. cornell, irene hewitt, wilie finn, clare clegg, jessie mccallum, c.f. white, e. kilsall, kate morris, ella garrett, winnie trompf, ellie mckissock, oswald gedded, doris walker, elsie tipping, rose smith, daisy lewellin, eliza frank, una e. fitts, may wasley, grace medwell, mollie laffey, a. duck, pearl sergent, e. penny, r. bieske, f. pattendon, e.g. bailymay booth, nelliw evans, gertie evans, e. baker, c. brittain, ralph leyland, e. tipping, mary sheehan, may chenery, j. bickart, e. perry, m. bessemeres, george richardson, f. mcintyre, h. fern, d. little, o. tolputt, arthur toop, p. lakeland, charles j. rawlings, jack hooly, thomas pattenden, elsie finch, ernest murfett, gordone steele, frank power, n.j. coote, william ewart, patrick ryan, david walker, john perry, vera lindsay, robert cooper, violet leadbeater, maggie skelton, clara mann, laura ritchie, james m. johnston, ida brown, ethel butcher, michael glenane, f.j. branigan, keith booth, henry elliot, reg cutter, stan westcott, frank king, lottie finch, ladies art association, pauline lakeland, cyril thermeyer, albert berryman, stanley lindsay, joseph bickart, alf berryman, leo hewitt, hilda tweedie, vera carroll, lionel davies, isabel kiel, alex dickens, henry elliott, mollie buley, meg moore, harrie fern, eileen conway, minnie buchanan, thomas price, edward stewart, joy lugg, olive grainger, m. heinz, d. gooch, p. moon, g. bailey, charles bray, daisy dickman, george calvert, florence sides, tom hannah, eileen blake, ethel benoit, ruby oaff, chrissie ware, harrie wilson, muriel cornel, phoebe wilkinson, fanny kay, john norcott, stewart o'loughlan, m. featherstone, f. tweedie, a. corbould, d. allanby, f. buchanan, l. cody, v. fisher, r. murphy, hilda jamieson, bessie eason, phyllis palmer, lila hall, vera hall, anie walton, ruby stevens, dorotthy davison, ethel hancock, anas ross, lizzie williams, lional davies, leslie page, frank page, lilian bell, may henry, doreen mclean, dorothy dobson, helen mcintosh, charles fraser, murial cornell, j.b. sutcliffe, dorothy dawson, emma mavin, agnes lumsden, virginia kerr, emily figgis, beryl craddock, winnie treloar, gladstone procter, f.w. procter, effie baker

Letter, dated 24th September, 1973, to Mr P N Ellis from A B Court of the Royal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium. In the A B Court thanks Mr Ellis for his letter and for the specimen of Acacia hakeoides. He was hoping it would turn out to be the same as the one known to him from the Moon Mines area. He had searched for this species? During the last several years but had been unable to find it. He suggest that if Mr Ellis or his associates find anything of interest in the locality it might be worthwhile forwarding a specimen for examination. Signed A B Court.communication, postal, letters, peter ellis collection, department of crown lands and survey victoria, royal botanic gardens and national herbarium, p n ellis, moon mines area, a b court

Two negatives, similar shot of poppet head, fence, large building and water pool. One broader photo of area. Sheet of negatives of South New Moon Mine. (I am not sure where the above information came from - but the first photo in this group is the New Chum Railway miine - NOT the South New Moon - P Wilkin 19/09/2013.)place, mining site, south new moon mine

Handwritten notes on the South New Moon Mine. Notes include depth of shaft, years, Calls, Dividends, Ounces of Gold, Authority and Remarks. Names mentioned:- Beavis (Beavis & Co), Paul & Co (Pahl), Bassett's Claim, J. P. Graham, South New Moon Co, South New Moon Trib West Line, Hart's Moon Reef Trib, Ashman's Trib East Line, South New Moon and Protectin Co. Notes prepared by Albert Richardson.document, gold, south new moon mine, south new moon mine, beavis (beavis & co), paul & co (pahl), bassett's claim, j p graham, south new moon co, south new moon trib west line, hart's moon reef trib, ashman's trib east line, south new moon, protection co, garden gully

A 47 pp book containing anecdotes of frontier life around Buchan, stories and line drawings. It has a dark red cover with the title in white print. In a frame is a painting of a stockman adjusting the saddle on a brown horse with white horse standing next to it. There are two black and white dogs lying nearby. The setting is the alpine region of Victoria. the book was authored by Mick and Vere Moon.snowy-river moon-mick buchan

Copy of page 352 Annals of Bendigo 1907. Items mentioned are: Water Mains Burst, School of Mines, A Cool Summer, State Elections, Bendigo Firemen, Easter Fair and Hospital Sunday, Fires, Superintendent Sainsbury, Sensational Robberies, New Picture, Senior Cadets and Bendigo's Prosperity.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - annals of bendigo page 352 - 1907, south new moon, specimen hill, south p. of wales, do tribs, united ulster, victoria consols, virginia, garden gully united sandheap, temperance hill, ellenborough, company's mine, belmont and saxby shaft, main ellenborough shaft, mr donald clark, school of mines, mr j r v anderson, messrs a roberts and sons, mr w h thompson, mr j sarvaas, mr b sluyterman, t glass, d smith, t tunnecliffe, a s bailes, j semmens, h kirkwood, a hicks, d r lazarus, r h s abbott, w orr, bendigo easter fair, hospital and asylum, r e walters, j sideborrom, oldfellows hall, l a lyons, mr peterson, unity mine, rose of australia hotel, superintendent sainsbury, superintendent r c molyneux, melbourne mint, e m pascoe, messrs roberts osborne and co's bacon factory, c f roberts, the golden wedding (a painting), bendigo art galery, carl hoff, senior cadets battalion, lieutenant t r henderson

Source: Mr. Frank Smith, "Kia-Ora", Panton Hill Also a separate list of names PANTON HILL SCHOOL 1924 (SEPP_0244) Two hand written lists of names with some conflicting information L-R Back Row: Eily O’Day, R. Foubister, E. Moore, H. Purcell, F. Peake, C. Williams, H. Hewitt, J. Coutie, D. Cracknell, F. Smith, J. Smith, A. Purcell, Bob O’Day, C. Colvin, Belfield?, K. Smith, R. Gardiner, Colin Rogers Second Row: ?, Lorraine Smith, Phyllis Howard, Jean Cracknell, Edna Williams, Ces Tosch, Charlie Peake, Les Smith, Reg Hargreaves, Ken Canty, ?, Keith Smith, ?, B. Cracknell, Ron Smith, Guy Mills (Greford), Sefton Howard, Mr. Gardiner (Head Teacher) Third Row: E. Mosely, Phillis Saville, Floss Tosch, M. Milson, Essie Howard, Ethel Smith, Jessie Sinclair, Edna Woodman, Una Saville, Ida Kennedy, Dorothy Smith, Rene Keele, Margaret Powell, L. Mosely, Una Williams, Rene Purcell Fourth Row: Hazel Mills, Gladys Stone, Ruby O’Day, Stella Tosch, Joyce Smith, Peg Powell, Ailsa Gardiner, Milly Adams, Phil Groube, M. Carter, W. Stone, D. Milsom?, D. Mills, Roma Howard, Marg Howard Front Row: Donaldson?, Doug Smith?, Len Smith?, Podge Cracknell, G Carter, A. Glennon, ?,? Alternate list L-R Back Row: Eillen O’Day, R. Foubister, Eric Moore, H. Purcell, F. Peake, C. Williams, H. Hewitt, J. Coutie, Don Cracknell, F. Smith, J. Smith, H. Purcell, B. O’Day, C. Colvin, J. Belfield, K. Smith, R. Gardiner, C. Rogers Second Row: M. Millisom, L. Smith, M. Moon, J. Cracknell, U. Williams, C. Tosch, C. Peake, L. Smith, R. Hargreaves, G. Carter, H. Stone, K. Smith, B. Moon, L. Cracknell, R. Smith, G. Mills, S. Howard, Mr. Gardiner (Head Teacher) Third Row: E. Moseley, P. Saville, F. Tosch, M. Millisom, E. Howard, E. Smith, J. Sinclair, E. Woodman, U. Saville, I. Kennedy, D. Smith, R. Keele, M. Powell, L. Mosely, E. Williams, R. Purcell First Row: H. Mills, W. Stone, R. O’Day, S. Tosch, J. Smith, P. Powell, A. Gardiner, M. Adams, P. Groube, M. Carter, G. Stone, J. Millisom, D. Millisom, D. Mills, R. Howard, M. Howard Front Row: Maisch, D. Smith, A. Belfield, L. Smith, A. Howard, A. Moseley, A. Glennon, D. Millisom This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, panton hill, panton hill state school, state school

Printed on buff coloured light paper, written on top centre of plan: ' Northern Portion of Garden Gully & New Moon Line of Reefs, Eaglehawk, Bendigo, Scale 8 chains to an inch'. Printed on right hand side of reef names: ' Issued by Wood And McNair, Sharebrokers, Beehive Chambers, Bendigo and High Street, Eaglehawk. J.B. Young, Lith. Bendigo.' On far right hand end of map, a table of information headed ' Several of the undermentioned Companies have paid considerable sums in Dividends prior to the re-registration under the No Liability portion of the Act'. Table contains information on the name of Company; No. of shares; nominal capital,; Capital called up; call per share; dividends; machinery; present depth of shaft; bottom plat; Legal Managers; address. On bottom of table, 'Beehive Chambers, Bendigo 6/8/03'. Plan shows mines along the reef lines with distance in yards of each claim - from SSW direction: Golden Pyke Company, McDuff Amalgamated, Constellation Company, Virginia Company, Specimen Hill Company, New Hopeful, New Argus Company, Clarence Company, North Argus Company, South New Moon Company, New Moon Company, Suffolk Tribute Company, North New Moon Company, New Moon Consolidated Company, New Moon United Company, Adelaide New Moon Company, J. Davies, Day & Co., (lease applied for by P. Booth), P. Booth, D. Murdoch, J. Mani, F. Bassett and R. Bassett. Mine map is part of the Margaret Roberts Collection. gold mining, gold, margaret roberts collection, garden gully, new moon, reef lines, golden pyke company, mcduff amalgamated, constellation company, virginia company, specimen hill company, new hopeful, new argus company, clarence company, north argus company, south new moon company, new moon company, suffolk tribute company, north new moon company, new moon consolidated company, new moon united company, adelaide new moon company, j. davies, day & co., (lease applied for by p. booth), p. booth, d. murdoch, j. mani, f. bassett and r. bassett.

Ill, p.244.non-fictionDon Charlwood was born in Melbourne in 1915. Accepted as a RAF navigator in 1940, he was posted to 103 Squadron at Elsham Wolds in the winter of 1942. There he crewed up with a pilot from Western Australia and a British crew to fly a Lancaster bomber. In No Moon Tonight he gives a profound insight into the inner lives of the men of Bomber Command and their hopes and fears in the face of mounting losses. He depicts the appalling human cost of the air war in an account which has been favorably compared to other enduring memoirs of the 1st World War, namely Sassoon's Memoirs of an Infantry Officer and Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front. A memorable first hand account of the air war over Germany.world war 1939-1945 - aerial operations - britain, world war 1939-1945 - personal narratives - australia

BHS CollectionPale green covered exercise book with Victory printed in orange at the top right. Below is a circle with Victory at the top and Natural below. Across the centre is 100% Recycled Paper. Below is 96 page printed in white on an orange background. Below that is Exercise Book printed in dark green, and below that is the name plate. On the name line is a date 31-10-91. Book was used as a record of who bought tokens for the truckwash and how much they paid. Later the money was paid to the Council. Names in the book included: Robt Blake, Gib Davey,M Tappe, John Wilson, Allan Somerville, Peter Harris, ? Hearn, Andrew Beer, Jack McKenna, Don White, J Govett, J Wignall, Matthews Transports, Pickthalls Transport, Carlisle Bros, Noel Hartland, Grogans Livestock, K Stratton, Rutlands Transports, J Truscott, Des Byrne, Commercial Pig Co, Rick Thompson, M Connally, K Otoole, B McLean, K Stevens, S Bennitt, Alan Pickdall, L Boyd, Mathews Transport, Mathews, Cowan Transport, H J Sooble, John Kerr, Stone, John Wilson, Brendan Morgan, Bruce Stewart. Jack Covett, Len Terry, Neil Adams, P Llewellyn, Peter Norris, Steve Nann, Glen Bish, R Frazer, Rutland, S Johnston, R Hearn, Ronald D Stone, Stephen Bennett, Nick Connally, Wayne Wignall, G Chapman, Noel Hartland, Stan Rutland, Mr Preston, K Barrow, John Wilson, Mr McGrath, W Lanz, John Truscott, Craigs, M Vick, Craig Hoy, Cliff Johnson, N Johnson, Sullivan, Colin Bloomfield, R Thompson, M Vick, Jan Wignall, Bicknalls, JJ Wilson, Des Byrne, Keith O'Toole, Llewellyns transports, Reg Hearn, Don White, J Boon, Mr Webb, W Fergson, Glen Bish, G Pollock, Penview Pastoral Co, G Pollock, Meehan, Woodstock Holdings, J W Pekthall & Sons, John Wilson, Kerrs Transports, K Stevens, John Kerr, Benview Elmore, Steve Mann, Mr Anfuso, K Wignall, D Fawcett, P Johnson, Llewingtons, R Hearn, Paynes Transports, G Watson, Ian Johnson, G G Muller & Son, Pichard O'Sullivan, Gib Davies, Adams Transport, Kevin Marlow, Lewington, Maurie Bick, Isaac, Des Byrne, Lewington, J Govett, N Hartland, S Bennett, J Govett, R Thompson, B Morgan, Colin Bloomfield, J Kerr, Mr Carver, Richards, K Isaac, Amfuso, Bob McLean, Mr Marke, Geodie, Ted Goddard, Kulpinski, Hollingworth, W Hodge, G F Farmer, R Hearn, Kevin Stevens, Don White, Morrie Vick, Mr Gallagher, R McKenzie, L Lanz, L Kirk, D Harrigan, RG & F Moon, E J Hooper, Des Byrne, G Medlyn, J Wilson, N Hartland, H Green, D Vick, G D Gamble, Con Mulvahill, Pietorala Transports, C Reece, Graham Miller, Rinaldi, Les Smith, Brendan Morgan, Pickhalls Transports, Mr Dawn, Steven Bennett, Steve Mann, Les Smith, H Green, Connallys, Lewington, I Gallagher, Ray Collins, Burrow, Hugh Green, C Congrim, D Byrne, Don White, grogan, Mr Selly, Adams Transports, Kevin Marlow, Roberts Transports, J W Pickhalls, Wick Lockington, G Bish, Don White, GG Muller & Son, McKenna's, T Smith G Watson, Blacky, B Lee, Don Wright, Hue Green, John Wilson, Carl Cooke, Mr Connally, N Northland, Jan Hollingsworth, Mr Preston, Mr Hooper, Mr Rose, D White, Ron Mellier, GD Gamble, K Richards, Bond Bros, J Govett, Victorian Producers, Gavin O'Sullivan, Neil Adams, Mr Dowell, I Gallagher, W Lanz, Mr Boyd, Peter Bish, J McKay, Farmer, Joe Blow, J Matthews, M Vick, N Adams, Colins Pastoral Co, Younghusband, K Barrow, K Richards, Steve Bennett, Les Smith, Ben Webb, John Wilson, Gavin O'Sullivan, Mr McCarthy, Col Warrack, Steve Ellis, Charlie Reece, Mr Vanderene, D Hannagan, P Morgan, Don White, Sommerville, McDonald, P Meighan, Don White, Les Smith, Carl Koch, Ron Stone, M Connally, J Gover, Mr Craig, M Vick, Eddy Smith, B Morgan, B Hickson, Len Reid, Mr Curt, Mr Grogan, Rob Blake, Mr Goulthorpe, Bob McLean, O'Sullivans, Ricky thompson, Johnson, Mr Coffey, J McKay, D White, Giles, Johnstone, Nicholls, Govett, White, Wilson, Don White, Geoff Gill, D Gorden, Ray Collins, Pellegrino, Cory Watson, W Ferguson, Pickthall, McDonald, Cook, S Mann, J Govett, Collins Pastral, Broad, Rick thompson, R Hearn, S Bennett, W Fitzpatrick, Noel Hartland, K Rotheran, David Beers, Congran, R Blake, R Weeks, Taylor, R Frazer, K Stratton, M Connally, N Adams, Don White, Milgate, Findlays, J Dury, McKibbins, Morgan, Roberts, R Stone, K Stevens, M Vick, C Reece, Steve Bennett, Ahern, S Boyd, Rick thompson,McClean, Hearn, Govett, Peter harris, Graham Medlyn, McAllister, Noel Hartland, Beer, RJ Grogan, Hindle, Bendigo Horse Transport, Jack McKenna, R Hearn, J McKay, T Rinaldi, Hayes, G Muller, J Govett, Ranoldi, D Ford, K O'Toole, J Talbot, McKibbons, Barr, S Bennett, P Johnston, J Hird, Paynes Transport, D White, P Harris, Maurie Vick, P Bish, Don Hollingsworth, C Gilmore, Jack Talbot, G Chapman, J Wilson, Kevin Stevens, Eddy Smith, C Bloomfield, R thompson, Davies, Truscott, D Byrne, Hayes Transport, Yanga Pty Ltd, M Connally, A Rothacker, Coad, D Byrne, R O'Sullivan, K Stevens, Cliffton, M Douglas, Trevor Mathews, Botly, Anufson, w Fitzpatrick, R Hearn, R Collins, Craig Dorman, Brian Bentley, M Johns, T Sully, W Fawcett, Bob McLean, D White, Hugh Green, B Harris, Rod thompson, P Meighan, Allan McAllister, Mark Barri, Don White, M Connelly, P Lewellyn, G Gill, G Rand, Hayes, S O'Sullivan, D White, Bob Blake, R Stone, B Liddle, Bentley Trans, J Govett, Stevens Transport, N Broad, Govett, G Young, M Footh, Geoff Gill, Gamble, D Holingworth, C Reece, S White, S Bennett, M Barri, John Wilson, D Byrne, P Morgan, R Stone, Bentley, Pollock, Des Byrne, Doug Rinaldi, J Govett, B Harris, R Brunt, Roberts, R Burt, Tang, Peter Morgan, M Oxley, G W Nunn, D Boyd, Findley, C Johns, W Craig, A Beer, A & M Rinaldi, D Illingworth, M Barri, G Rand, G & P Nunn, R Hearn, A Broad, C Bloomfield, K Marlow, P Trailer, J Govett, Talbot, J Beer, M Gray, J Kerr, R Stone, R Stewart, English Trans, Argyle Transport, Bentley's, B Stewart, G Davey, Leavinitons, Lewington's, Miller, G Muller, J Talbot, S Mann, McKibbins, Hanson, D Boon, R Burt, English, Oxley, N Collier, Broadacres, Murphy, M Oxley, G Thomas, Holly, Dalgety, Elders, McKean, Nevins, Nuttall, Rodwell, Vains, VPC, Allan MacAllister, Hyland, Gathercole, Gilbertson, Hardwick, Le frankie, Midfield, Osullivans Wignall, John Crimmins, D Lane and Jack Fisher.bendigo, council, cattle markets, bendigo saleyards collection - record of tokens, robt blake, gib davey, m tappe, john wilson, allan somerville, peter harris, ? hearn, andrew beer, jack mckenna, don white, j govett, j wignall, matthews transports, pickthalls transport, carlisle bros, noel hartland, grogans livestock, k stratton, rutlands transports, j truscott, des byrne, commercial pig co, rick thompson, m connally, k otoole, b mclean, k stevens, s bennitt, alan pickdall, l boyd, mathews transport, mathews, cowan transport, h j sooble, john kerr, stone, john wilson, brendan morgan, bruce stewart. jack covett, len terry, neil adams, p llewellyn, peter norris, steve nann, glen bish, r frazer, rutland, s johnston, r hearn, ronald d stone, stephen bennett, nick connally, wayne wignall, g chapman, noel hartland, stan rutland, mr preston, k barrow, john wilson, mr mcgrath, w lanz, john truscott, craigs, m vick, craig hoy, cliff johnson, n johnson, sullivan, colin bloomfield, r thompson, m vick, jan wignall, bicknalls, jj wilson, des byrne, keith o'toole, llewellyns transports, reg hearn, don white, j boon, mr webb, w fergson, glen bish, g pollock, penview pastoral co, g pollock, meehan, woodstock holdings, j w pekthall & sons, john wilson, kerrs transports, k stevens, john kerr, benview elmore, steve mann, mr anfuso, k wignall, d fawcett, p johnson, llewingtons, r hearn, paynes transports, g watson, ian johnson, g g muller & son, pichard o'sullivan, gib davies, adams transport, kevin marlow, lewington, maurie bick, isaac, des byrne, lewington, j govett, n hartland, s bennett, j govett, r thompson, b morgan, colin bloomfield, j kerr, mr carver, richards, k isaac, amfuso, bob mclean, mr marke, geodie, ted goddard, kulpinski, hollingworth, w hodge, g f farmer, r hearn, kevin stevens, don white, morrie vick, mr gallagher, r mckenzie, l lanz, l kirk, d harrigan, rg & f moon, e j hooper, des byrne, g medlyn, j wilson, n hartland, h green, d vick, g d gamble, con mulvahill, pietorala transports, c reece, graham miller, rinaldi, les smith, brendan morgan, pickhalls transports, mr dawn, steven bennett, steve mann, les smith, h green, connallys, lewington, i gallagher, ray collins, burrow, hugh green, c congrim, d byrne, don white, grogan, mr selly, adams transports, kevin marlow, roberts transports, j w pickhalls, wick lockington, g bish, don white, gg muller & son, mckenna's, t smith g watson, blacky, b lee, don wright, hue green, john wilson, carl cooke, mr connally, n northland, jan hollingsworth, mr preston, mr hooper, mr rose, d white, ron mellier, gd gamble, k richards, bond bros, j govett, victorian producers, gavin o'sullivan, neil adams, mr dowell, i gallagher, w lanz, mr boyd, peter bish, j mckay, farmer, joe blow, j matthews, m vick, n adams, colins pastoral co, younghusband, k barrow, k richards, steve bennett, les smith, ben webb, john wilson, gavin o'sullivan, mr mccarthy, col warrack, steve ellis, charlie reece, mr vanderene, d hannagan, p morgan, don white, sommerville, mcdonald, p meighan, don white, les smith, carl koch, ron stone, m connally, j gover, mr craig, m vick, eddy smith, b morgan, b hickson, len reid, mr curt, mr grogan, rob blake, mr goulthorpe, bob mclean, o'sullivans, ricky thompson, johnson, mr coffey, j mckay, d white, giles, johnstone, nicholls, govett, white, wilson, don white, geoff gill, d gorden, ray collins, pellegrino, cory watson, w ferguson, pickthall, mcdonald, cook, s mann, j govett, collins pastral, broad, rick thompson, r hearn, s bennett, w fitzpatrick, noel hartland, k rotheran, david beers, congran, r blake, r weeks, taylor, r frazer, k stratton, m connally, n adams, don white, milgate, findlays, j dury, mckibbins, morgan, roberts, r stone, k stevens, m vick, c reece, steve bennett, ahern, s boyd, rick thompson, mcclean, hearn, govett, peter harris, graham medlyn, mcallister, noel hartland, beer, rj grogan, hindle, bendigo horse transport, jack mckenna, r hearn, j mckay, t rinaldi, hayes, g muller, j govett, ranoldi, d ford, k o'toole, j talbot, mckibbons, barr, s bennett, p johnston, j hird, paynes transport, d white, p harris, maurie vick, p bish, don hollingsworth, c gilmore, jack talbot, g chapman, j wilson, kevin stevens, eddy smith, c bloomfield, r thompson, davies, truscott, d byrne, hayes transport, yanga pty ltd, m connally, a rothacker, coad, d byrne, r o'sullivan, k stevens, cliffton, m douglas, trevor mathews, botly, anufson, w fitzpatrick, r hearn, r collins, craig dorman, brian bentley, m johns, t sully, w fawcett, bob mclean, d white, hugh green, b harris, rod thompson, p meighan, allan mcallister, mark barri, don white, m connelly, p lewellyn, g gill, g rand, hayes, s o'sullivan, d white, bob blake, r stone, b liddle, bentley trans, j govett, stevens transport, n broad, govett, g young, m footh, geoff gill, gamble, d holingworth, c reece, s white, s bennett, m barri, john wilson, d byrne, p morgan, r stone, bentley, pollock, des byrne, doug rinaldi, j govett, b harris, r brunt, roberts, r burt, tang, peter morgan, m oxley, g w nunn, d boyd, findley, c johns, w craig, a beer, a & m rinaldi, d illingworth, m barri, g rand, g & p nunn, r hearn, a broad, c bloomfield, k marlow, p trailer, j govett, talbot, j beer, m gray, j kerr, r stone, r stewart, english trans, argyle transport, bentley's, b stewart, g davey, leavinitons, lewington's, miller, g muller, j talbot, s mann, mckibbins, hanson, d boon, r burt, english, oxley, n collier, broadacres, murphy, m oxley, g thomas, holly, dalgety, elders, mckean, nevins, nuttall, rodwell, vains, vpc, allan macallister, hyland, gathercole, gilbertson, hardwick, le frankie, midfield, osullivans wignall, john crimmins, d lane, jack fisher

A Guide for Drivers on the Whipstick Tour. First page gives assembly area, driving in convoy and negotiating water or boggy patches across the road. Amended written at the end of the page. Directions with mileage and items of interest for the tour on Sunday September 9th (no year). A Whipstick Map 1971 showing State Forest, Crown Lands, Uncleared Mallee - Private (shown in different colours) Water Reserve and Roads. Noted are Flora and Fauna - Plants, Birds & Mammals, and areas of State Forest and Southern State Forest with Mallee Scrub area noted. Also State Forest & Crown Lands Total Area and a map scale. The Bendigo Whipstick mentions area, suggestions of where the name Whipstick came from, shrubs and flowers with their flowering times, descriptions of some of them and some information on the Mallee Fowl. The Eucalyptus Oil Industry paragraph mentions the beginnings of the industry. Mentioned are the different uses of oils (perfumery, industrial and medicinal) and the different species of eucalypt used for each and various products. Also notes on the growing, harvesting and refining of eucalyptus. P Ellis at the end of the page. The next two and a half pages mentions reserves, and at the end acknowledgements. Includes a spare copy of 'The Bendigo Whipstick' by P Ellis.bendigo, history, early bendigo, peter ellis collection, a guide for drivers on the whipstick tour, the whipstick 1971 map, shire of marong, shire of east loddon, shire of huntly, borough of eaglehawk, city of bendigo, shire of strathfieldsaye, the bendigo whipstick, eucalyptus oil industry, eaglehawk town hall, lightning hill lookout, eaglehawk rifle range, new moon mines, blue jacket reservoir, maggetti's wine hall, camp hotel (ex), skylark dam, eucalyptus oil production, eucalyptus factory, whipstick eucalyptus farm, ruedin's eucalyptus factory, dutch bowls, governor philip, sir joseph banks, john white, baron von mueller, joseph bosisto, commonwealth government, perfumery oils, industrial oils, medicinal oils, p ellis, dr frith, csiro wildlife division, harley webster, forests commission, vincent serventy, victorian national parks association, bendigo field naturalists club

Town Hall, Young Men's Christian Association of Bendigo Orchestral Society. Orchestral Concert, Town Hall, Bendigo. Wednesday, 30th, 1923, at 8pm. Conductor: Frank Grose. Assisted by: Lily Jackson, Soprano. Edith Lansell, Contralto. Muriel Boldt, Pianiste. William Cahill, Baritone. Mabel McGauchie, Accompaniste. Orchestral Society. Hon. Sec.: Thos. Shambrook. Pirates of Penzance: Romanza Scenza, Arabesque No. 2, Air De Ballet, Death and the Maiden, Sapphic Ode, Let me Love Thee, Russian Boatman Song. William Tell: O love from Thy Pow'r, Scherzo in Bb Minor, Abide with Me, Rock of Ages, Time was I Roved the Mountains, Eyes that used to Gaze in Mine, Invitation Vocal Valse, Coronation march. Bendigo YMCA Orchestral Society. First Violins: Miss Myrtle Knight, Agnes McNair, Olive Hannaford, Winnie Pithie, Louise Bolton, Louise Downie, Ruth Spier, Alison Smalley. Mrs. Grant, Swift. Second Violins: Mr. J E Fitt, A Richardson, Rex Matthews, Miss Lily Campbell, Elsie Stemmer, Myrtle Phillips, Alma Doxford, Evelyn Miles, Elva Hesse, Winnie Hobson, Master T Challen, J Watts. Cellos: Madame Dorothy Duval, Miss Maisie Field, Mr. E Minotti, W Ellis, G L Verey. Basses: Mr. J H Melrose, J Lavacombe, R Rule, W Jackson. Flutes: Mr. A E Sayer, R Crawford, Dilworth, Moon. Piccolo: Mr A E Sayer. Oboe: A B Challen. Clarinets: Mr. A B Challen, J Bowman, J McEwan. Horns: A Johnston, H Hilderbrande, J Tredinnick, L Rundle. , Trumpets: Mr. B Bowater, P Reed, N Banfield, A Old. Trombones: Mr. D Collier, H Bolton, W Pain. Euphonium: W Ketterer. Tubas: Mr. A Hoking, W Ketterer. Sassoon: Mr. T Francis. Timpani: Mr. J McLoughlin. Percussion: Mr. J Osborne. Organist: Mr. F C Stuart. Pianist: Miss Mabel McGauchie. Conductor: Frank Grose. President: Barkly Hyett. Treasurer: G W Lansell. Librarian: W J Wearne. Honorary Secretary: Thos. Shambrook. Three concerts per year will be given by the society. Next two concerts in August and November 1923. Subscribers Tickets are 1 pound 1 shilling. This ticket entitles holder to two booked seats for each concert. Picture of Harp with music book, laurel and bird on cover. 4 pages.F. H. Sparkman, Arcade Press, Bendigo.program, music, town hall, ymca of bendigo orchestral society. orchestral concert

Photocopy of a printed 'The Mining Record' Jan., 1862 Pages 5 to 11. There is information on the Paddy's Gully Reef and the Sheep's Head Reef. The owners, area and title, workings, reef and yield, cost of working, drainage, machinery and remarks of the The Comet Company (formerly Cooper's Little Redan), Hogg, Tipper, & Milroy's Claim, Alliance Company, Watson & Wade's Claim, Barker & Co's Claim, Union Company's Claim, Paddy's Gully Reef Quartz Mining and Drainage Company's Claim, Picken and Co's Claim, Holmes and Co's Claim, Keith and Co's Claim, Stevens, Hasker & Co's Claim, Blewitt & Co's Claim, Thomson & Co's Claim, Hooper, Wills and Co's Claim, Union Company's North, or Lower, Claim, Sinclair and Co's Claim, Fogarty and Williams' Claim, Red, White and Blue Company's Claim, Union Company's Lower Whim Claim, Thompson's Claim, Union Company's Little Engine Claim, Will's Claim and the Union Company's South Claim. Albert Richardson Collectiondocument, gold, mining reports, mining reports, the mining record jan., 1862, the comet company (formerly cooper's little redan), hogg, tipper, & milroy's claim, alliance company, watson & wade's claim, barker & co's claim, union company's claim, paddy's gully reef quartz mining and drainage company's claim, picken and co's claim, holmes and co's claim, keith and co's claim, stevens, hasker & co's claim, blewitt & co's claim, thomson & co's claim, hooper, wills and co's claim, union company's north, or lower, claim, sinclair and co's claim, fogarty and williams' claim, red, white and blue company's claim, union company's lower whim claim, thompson's claim, union company's little engine claim, will's claim, union company's south claim, john s mcnair, john mathieson, mr lomasney, mr kelly, mr clisshold, j b watson & co, milroy & price, hogg, tiper, millroy, mr ebden, mrssrs watson and wade, r o smith, edward hunt, h murdoch, samuel priestly, william goldsmith, david buchanan, robert anderson, bagshot company, barker, ladams, m'vey, claughton, gutteridge, good, cornell, simeon, rutherford, h jackson, murgatroyd, wormold, bashford, red white & blue claim, steven's and hasker's, blewitt and co, john blewitt, richard allingham, edward wills, john williams, richard williams, henry williams, joseph east, john thomson, thomas trownson, henry hooper, edward wills, thomas castelow, joseph castlow, william tongue, george nevinson, james griston, thomas porter, william a kenny, robert lisle, john sinclair, robert pritchard, william pritchard, thomas woods, james fogarty, daniel moon, william lindrea, john adams, brown, robert lisle, owen thompson, nicholson reef company, edward wills, p n russell & co, bendigo valley steam puddling company, metropolitan mills, bruce's, thos. woods

Correspondence re William Graham ca. 1870s from Master J P Graham (great-grandson) dated April 1974 and associated correspondence (Sec of BHS and H E Wilkinson, Bendigo District Geologist).person, individual, william graham, william graham, new moon company.

© Anna Lanyon , Carmel Wallace 2004. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review permitted under the Copyright Act, no text, image or part thereof may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, without prior written permission from the authors.This suite of etchings explores the natural and social history of Fawthrop Lagoon, an ancient intertidal lagoon that lies at the heart of Portland on the far south-west coast of Victoria, Australia. The work records and interprets essential moments in the life of the lagoon, the plants, birds, insects, water-creatures and humans who have lived and continue to live around its shores. White card backing with white torn looking inner frame. Centre is a black printed overlay of a survey marker on top of a newspaper page taken from the Herald Sun on Tuesday February 3, 2004 with the weather forecast and the tides, moon, air quality, fish, world, beach report etc. Around the outside of the centre image is hand written wording in fine black ink.A/P 'Lagoon, P1, Second - State' Carmel Wallacefawthrop lagoon, portland, victoria, australia, plants, birds, insects, water, creatures, humans

Contains articles "How we plan to put a man on the moon" and John F Kennedy: the last full measure".Slices of American history with global interest.Magazine 470 p., Illus., (some col.).john f kennedy, moon landing, national geographic

A group of beach revellers of all ages pose happily for the photographer against a timber boat, propped sideways on the sand. Iconic bayside bathing boxes line the familiar eroding cliff face and indigenous coastal vegetation of the sand belt. A group of beach revellers of all ages pose happily for the photographer against a timber boat, propped sideways on the sand. Iconic bayside bathing boxes line the familiar eroding cliff face and indigenous coastal vegetation of the sand belt. The story and exact location of this image remain a mystery. Perhaps they are city folk who have caught the train down to Sandringham or Brighton for a liberating day in the sun, sand and water. Featured in "Newsworthy: Melbourne in photographs 1933-1936" exhibition at East Melbourne Library, October to December 2023. Exhibition caption by Fiona Campbell. In August 2025 the image was found published in The Age with the following caption: "Five thousand Richmond district scholars had a day at the beach this week. It was not warm enough for them all to go in bathing." Again the location is not given though it very much resembles Half Moon Bay off Beach Road, Black Rock. It seems unlikely that 5000 individuals were present on the excursion! References: PYRAMIDS IN THE SUN--RICHMOND GOES TO THE BEACH--PALS--"FOUR"--MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN. (1934, March 23). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved August 8, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article203840391Photographer notations on slide: "B19".beaches, 1930-1939

Colour lithographSigned 'Leonard French 78' lower right corner under printed image. Titled 'Moon Turtle' centred under printed image Edition A/P, lower left corner under printed image.

Dana Street State School was one of the earliest primary schools in Ballarat and was established in 1857.Timber honour board in the entrance foyer of Dana Street Primary School. names include: L.J. Curnow, W. Daly, M. Dixon, S.E.A. Dean, O.T. Dell, R. Eva, F. Eggington, S.P. Eddy, C. Frost, A.W. Fitzgerald, L.G. Fitzgerald, F. Feary, S. Fox, C.H. Falla, C.E. Fa;;a. H.C. Foote, J. Hammond. F.J. Harris. F.E. Hillman, J. Hunter, R.A. Hind, R.V. Horsfall, R.G. Hutson. H. Jones, R. Jamieson, C. Kerr, C.R. Kift, P. Kraiscill, A. Lancaster, C.W. Lee, I.T. Lilburn. R.E.N. Murphy, H. marks, H.H. Martell, P.W.G. Moon. G.P. Merz, A. McGoldrick, W.E. Moon, C.R. Ince, W.J. Peacock, W. Pollard, N. Pinney. C. Pike, J.R. Doney, A.R. Doney, R.E. Rowlands, A.E. Rowlands, L. Rowlands, C. Snell, R. Snell, J. Snell, W. Wilberforce, N.F. Wellington, H. Williams, E. Wallace, S. Wallace, H.S. Yates, A. Yates, T.E. Yates, l.j. curnow, w. daly, m. dixon, s.e.a. dean, o.t. dell, r. eva, f. eggington, s.p. eddy, c. frost, a.w. fitzgerald, l.g. fitzgerald, f. feary, s. fox, c.h. falla, c.e. fa, a. h.c. foote, j. hunter, r.a. hind, r.v. horsfall, r.g. hutson. h. jones, r. jamieson, c. kerr, c.r. kift, p. kraiscill, a. lancaster, c.w. lee, h. marks, h.h. martell, p.w.g. moon. g.p. merz, a. mcgoldrick, w.e. moon, c.r. ince, w.j. peacock, w. pollard, j.r. doney, a.r. doney, r.e. rowlands, a.e. rowlands, l. rowlands, c. snell, r. snell, j. snell, w. wilberforce, n.f. wellington, h. williams, e. wallace, s. wallace, h.s. yates, a. yates, t.e. yates, dana street state school, dana street primary school, j. hammond, f.j. harris, f.e. hillman, i.t. lilburne, r.e.n. murphy, n. pinney, c. pike

Wall Calendar - heavy card covers, 12 gloss art pages inside, titled "Australian Trams - 1997 Calendar" containing cull colour photographs of Sydney, Adelaide, Bendigo, Ballarat, Melbourne, Brisbane, Bendigo Has a punched hole along the top edge to enable wall use. Provides dates for holidays, school holidays and Pension payment days and phases of the moon. Produced by Topmill Pty Ltd and distributed by Gordon & Gotch Pty Ltd. Photos by D. Budd, H. Clark, P. Sage, N. Thorpe and the Sydney Tramway Museum.trams, tramways, ballarat, bendigo, melbourne, adelaide, sydney, tram 2002, tram 405, tram 1035, tram 1040, tram 836, tram 888, tram 58, tram 107

p.82.fictionA book of childrens poetrybengali literature, childrens poetry

Invitation printed on heavy yellow paper inviting Miss P. Toy and interested family and friends to the posthumous launch of 'The End of an Era' by the late William Perry. The launch took place at 12 noon, Saturday 18 November 1995 at the former California Gully Methodist Church, Esler Street, California Gully, by well-known Bendigo historian Mr. Frank Cusack. Invitation also has a brief history on William Perry.document, invitations, book launch, document, invitation to the launch of 'the end of an era', william perry, sam bartlett, south new moon mine, jack perry, gwen walls, bendigo railway workshops, bendigo training prison, rifle club, bendigo field naturalists', 'tales of the whipstick', 'the end of an era', miss p toy, mr frank cusack, jason conn

The new Moon Group of mines were located in Sailors Gully/Sydney Flat. Sydney Flat was originally regard as part of Myers Creek, later Myers Flat it was changed to Sydney Flat when mining was established and was changed to Woodvale in the 1920s. Sydney Flat Bushland Reserve is near-by. The area is north of Sailors Gully.Draftsman's drawing on white coloured waxed paper of the New Moon Line with the boundaries of each mine's claim with a direction bearing and a number (chains) Inside each boundary is printed: the position of the shaft, Name and a number. The names and are; Suffolk Tribute United, North New Moon, New Moon Consolidated, New Moon United, Adelaide New Moon, IDavies & ors, F. Day, P. Booth, D. Murdoch, J. Mani. bendigo, gold, map, mine, margaret roberts collection, new moon mines, sailors gully, sydney flat

Photographer notations on slide: "Vice Regal visit to Zoo B42" Not published. Description: A group of men and one woman all dressed in hats and overcoats stand by a wire fence while watching an emu. Research by project volunteer, Fiona Collyer: On 25 June 1934, new Victorian Governor, His Excellency Lord Huntingfield and his wife Lady Huntingfield made an official visit to the Melbourne Zoological Gardens in order to grant his patronage to the Royal Zoological and Acclimatisation Society. During the visit, zoo director Mr. Andrew Wilkie introduced them to some of the zoo’s inhabitants, including an emu. After the First World War, many returned soldiers took up the Government’s offer of land in the Soldier Settlement Scheme. Most of the veterans had little or no farming experience and much of the land offered was of poor quality, with blocks often too small to be viable. Many of the settlers had ongoing physical and mental injuries from the war. The Western Australian government allocated land to 5000 former soldiers but by 1929, one quarter of the men had already abandoned their land, unable to make a living. Not only was the world economy struggling with the Great Depression, but the settlers also had to contend with plummeting wheat and wool prices, crippling drought and rabbit infestation. The Scullin Government (Oct 1929-Jan 1932) had promised subsidies to the Western Australian farmers if they increased their wheat crops but were unable to pass the legislation in the Senate. The new Lyons Government (Jan 1932-April 1939) abandoned the legislation and the subsidies were never paid, bringing calls from Western Australia of secession from Australia. In October 1932, a deputation of soldier settlers from the Campion wheatbelt region in Western Australia, petitioned Commonwealth Minister for Defence, Western Australian Senator Sir George Pearce, for assistance. A mob of 20,000 emus were migrating to the coast after breeding and were gathering along the eastern side of the Number 1 Rabbit Proof Fence, attracted to the ripening crops and the dams the farmers had built. They were heading towards Campion, 303 kilometres east of Perth, eating and trampling the wheat, destroying the fences and letting the rabbits in. Having witnessed firsthand the effectiveness of machine guns in killing people in war, the former soldiers thought the guns would be ideal for killing emus. Sir George, wanting to demonstrate that his government was sympathetic to the settlers and hoping to quell Western Australian succession talk, agreed. However, he stipulated that no expense would be incurred by the Commonwealth Government and only active military personnel could use the machine guns. The farmers had to pay for the ammunition, food and accommodation for the military for the length of the operation. The cost for the ammunition was £50 for 10,000 rounds. Sir George also felt the operation would provide excellent target practice for the soldiers! The operation was headed by Major Gwynydd Purves Wynn-Aubrey Meredith, 1887-1975, of the Seventh Heavy Battery of the Royal Australian Artillery, and assisted by Sergeant S. McMurray and Gunner J. O'Halloran. They were equipped with two American-designed Lewis light machine guns and 10,000 rounds. Each magazine held 47 rounds of ammunition and the gun was capable of firing 500 to 600 rounds per minute with effective firing range of 800 metres. A cinematographer from British Movietone News accompanied the soldiers in order to record what was expected to be not only an easy victory but also useful propaganda for both the military and the Lyons Government. Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae, meaning New Holland Racer) is a species of long-necked flightless bird endemic to Australia. The Tasmanian and the dwarf King and Kangaroo Island subspecies were hunted to extinction after the European settlement of Australia. It is the second largest bird in the world after the ostrich, standing up to 1.9 metres tall and weighing up to 50 kilograms. The Emu has long, powerful legs with three forward facing toes and is the only bird with calf muscles. It is able to jump 2.1 metres into the air and run 50 kilometres per hour. It communicates by drumming and booming through an inflatable neck sac which can be heard up to two kilometres away. Along with its tough hide and a body more feathers than flesh, the emu can be a tricky target. Emus had been a protected native species until 1922, when the government changed their status to “vermin” in response to the emus breaking down fences and destroying crops. Major Meredith told the press that Colonel Oswald V. Hoad of the 1st Cavalry Division NSW had especially requested he send 100 emu skins to replenish the plumage on his Light Horsemen’s hat tops. On the first day of the Emu War, 2 November 1932, Major Meredith spotted a mob of emus out of range of the guns, so he asked the farmers to use their vehicles to drive the emus towards the fence and the guns. The panicked birds split into small groups, kicking up the dust and scattering every which way. Only six were killed, though some were wounded. After that, the emus became very wary of humans. On 4 November, Major Meredith staged a dawn ambush at a dam. As 1000 emus approached to drink, the soldiers opened fire, killing 12 emus. After reloading, the gun jammed and the emus dispersed in all directions, and were not sighted again that day. The West Australian newspaper reported on 4 November 1932 that, “The emus have proved that they are not so stupid as they are usually considered to be. Each mob has its leader, always an enormous black-plumed bird standing fully six-feet high, who keeps watch while his fellows busy themselves with the wheat. At the first suspicious sign, he gives the signal, and dozens of heads stretch up out of the crop. A few birds will take fright, starting a headlong stampede for the scrub, the leader always remaining until his followers have reached safety.” In a later attempt, they mounted a gun onto the bed of a truck in order to chase and mow down the birds. However the truck couldn’t drive fast enough over the rough terrain and it was too bumpy to fire the gun accurately. The birds easily outran the truck except for one hapless emu who faltered while being chased and fell under the truck, its body wedging in the steering gear, causing the driver to crash the truck, and bringing down half a chain of the rabbit proof fence. RSPCA inspector Mr. Arthur Austin arrived with a rifle and knife in order to finish the work of the Lewis guns and dispatch injured emus. He said that while his society was sympathetic to the stricken settlers, he was anxious that wounded birds should not be left to suffer. Major Meredith told the inspector, “What speed can you run? You have to be better than Peter Pan if you want to catch wounded emus that make for the scrub.” (Racehorse “Peter Pan” had won the 1932 Melbourne Cup a few weeks earlier.) The commentator of the British Movietime newsreel uses a jocular tone to optimistically proclaim, “The scouts [emus] of the advancing army have keen eyesight, and in order to get close to the main body, our lads have to do some real stalking, with the enemy watching events through their periscopes raised up over the heads of corn... Instead of the birds ruining the farmers, tables are turned, there will be no more damage down here for many a day to come once the enemy is eliminated.” Emus proved tougher adversaries than expected, barely breaking stride even when badly injured from machine gun bullets, and the suspicious emus soon learnt to stay out of range of the men and their guns. Meanwhile, in the eastern states concern was being expressed about the cruelty of machine-gunning the native birds. Senator James Guthrie UAP of Victoria suggested that there must be “more humane, if less spectacular methods” of coping with the pests. People wrote letters to the newspapers to express their dismay at the inhumane methods used. R.F. Bellchambers from Humbug Scrub, 25 November 1932, lamented that, “At the present rate of extinctions, it will shortly be necessary to go to the Museum to see the remains of our fauna.” The Murchison Times published a letter on 16 November 1932 from “Clay Pan Joe”: “War on Emus. Slaughter of innocent birds would be more appropriate... The birds may be a nuisance and it may be necessary to destroy them, but why cause so much suffering amongst these innocent birds.” E.S. Playford of Norton’s Summit wrote to The Advertiser, 22 November 1932, that “...habitation on the earth would be impossible without bird life. Therefore, it is unwise to say that any bird is useless. Is sentiment dying? Are we so keen on personal gain that our lovely and unique birds have to be ruthlessly slaughtered in thousands and their bodies left rotting in the sun?” In Sydney, picture palace patrons expressed “considerable concern” after viewing the Movietone News newsreel of emus fleeing from the barrage of machine-guns, and wounded emus in the fields in Campion. The press had a field day, dubbing it the “The Emu War” and joking that the “Chicago method” was being used against the feathered foe. The Daily News newspaper published a cartoon depicting the emus outrunning and outsmarting the soldiers. In Parliament NSW Senator James Dunn called Sir George the “Minister for the Emu War”. Labor member Mr. Rosevear, midst great laughter, asked if the minister would consider declaring an armistice and withdrawing his troops from the Western Front. Prime Minister Joe Lyons was asked if medals would be struck for those taking part in the war. Labor parliamentarian Mr. A.E. Green declared any medals should go to the emus who had “won every round so far”. With the embarrassing press coverage and poor results, Sir George ordered a stop to the project on 9 November, and Major Meredith and the soldiers departed for Perth. The WA Premier Sir James Mitchell and the Campion farmers demanded they return, citing the continued destruction of crops and fences by the emus. Major Meredith and his two gunners were allowed to return on 13 November and seemingly having learnt from their previous experiences, had slightly more success this time killing emus. The operation finally finished on 10 December with Major Meredith reporting “definite kills” of 986 emus for 9860 rounds of ammunition, coincidentally and conveniently exactly 10% of the number of rounds used. A further 2500 birds were said to have died from their injuries and although this is a disputed figure, even if accurate, the ratio of rounds expended to emu casualties was thought too high to justify continuing. The operation barely caused a dint in the marauding mob of 20,000 emus. “There’s only one way to kill an emu”, one of the party bitterly remarked: “Shoot him through the back of the head when his mouth is closed or through the front of his mouth when his mouth is open. That’s how hard it is.” Australian ornithologist Dominic L. Serventy noted that “The machine-gunners’ dreams of point blank fire into serried masses of Emus were soon dissipated. The Emu command had evidently ordered guerrilla tactics, and its unwieldy army soon split up into innumerable small units that made use of the military equipment uneconomic. A crestfallen field force therefore withdrew from the combat area after about a month.” Major Meredith expressed the greatest of respect for the enemy. He said, “If we had a military division with the bullet-carrying capacity of these birds, it would face any army in the world. They could face machine guns with the invulnerability of tanks. They are like Zulus, whom even dum dum bullets would not stop." The Major’s official report stated that there were no human casualties in “The Emu War.” Emus are considered the victors of “The Great Emu War.” Western Australian farmers requested military assistance in 1934, 1943 and 1948, including using bombs, but the government refused. The bounty system instigated in 1923 continued, with farmers using rifles against their fleet-footed foe, with 57,034 bounties for dead emus claimed in six months in 1934 in Western Australia alone. 284,704 emus were killed in Western Australia between 1945 and 1960. The other most effective defence against the emus was the construction of a robust, vermin proof fence spanning over a long distance. Emus were formally protected in 1999 by the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. It’s estimated there are between 625,000 to 725,000 wild emus in Australia in 2024. An emu and a kangaroo feature on Australia’s coat of arms, holding up a shield illustrated with symbols of the six states. The animals symbolise the nation moving forward as neither animal can walk backwards. Campion is now a ghost town. A book about the operation, “Letters from the Emu War” by J.A. Bryden was published in 2023 by Playtime Books. In 2024, an Australian film called “The Emu War” was released, starring Damian Callinan and Luke McGregor. Andrew Arthur Wellesley Wilkie, 1853-1948, was Director of the Melbourne Zoo from 1923 to 1936 and was associated with the zoo for 70 years. He first worked as a horticultural assistant to Government botanist Baron Ferdinand von Mueller at the Botanical Gardens at the age of 13, along with his older brother David. One of Andrew’s jobs was to capture moths for the National Herbarium. In 1857, a group of prominent Melburnians assembled at St. Patrick’s Hall to form the Zoological Society of Victoria, with the aim of introducing animals and plants from overseas. It was conceived, “For the purposes of science and for that of affording the public the advantages of studying the habits of the animal creation in properly arranged zoological gardens.” The Victorian Government granted 32 acres (13 hectares) of land to the Zoological Society at the southern end of Richmond Paddock on the opposite bank to the Botanical Gardens. (This is where AAMI Stadium and Collingwood Football Club now stand.) In 1861, the Zoological Society of Victoria was renamed The Acclimatisation Society of Victoria. Unfortunately the Yarra River frontage was damp, swampy and subject to flooding, so the animals were briefly housed at the Botanical Gardens until in 1862, the City of Melbourne donated 55 acres (22 hectares) of land at Royal Park for the fledgling zoo. Baron von Mueller secured employment at Royal Park for Andrew and David and they helped to lay out the gardens, plant trees and take care of a collection of deer, pheasants, hares and partridges. Initially the zoo was used for the acclimatisation of animals recovering from the long voyage to Australia and for breeding them for sport. In 1872, the zoo bought two lions, a leopard and a cheetah that had been seized from circus showmen Keith and Phillips when they were unable to pay the bill of butcher Mr T K Bennet of Bourke Street. The first zoo director, Mr. Albert Le Souef, negotiated with captains of ships to buy animals at overseas ports they visited and soon a multitude of exotic species arrived, including a ten-year-old Indian elephant in 1878. In 1923, after being head keeper for some years, Andrew was appointed director of the zoo. By 1933, the zoo had 110 different species of animals, 200 species of birds and 72 species of reptiles under Andrew’s care. He had personally planted all but six trees and laid out the garden beds. As director he lobbied authorities for funds to build more humane enclosures for the animals. In June 1928, Table Talk magazine wrote of Andrew Wilkie: “Up at the Zoo there is a humble gentleman who is a lion among the lions, who knows the proper specific to employ when the boa constrictor has chilblains, and who is a friend and confidant of Queenie the elephant. His fount of zoological lore has never been plumbed. It is bottomless, like his good fellowship and geniality. Every day he may be seen somewhere in the grounds of that growing sanctuary for the strange and arresting fauna and creeping things of the world, and I assure you as one who is privy to his passion that that area and its inhabitants are rarely out of his thoughts.” Andrew retired from the zoo in 1936 at the age of 83 and in 1948 died at his home in Brunswick aged 94. He and his wife Josephine had six children. The Victorian Acclimatisation Society was founded in 1861 by Edward Wilson, 1813-1878, then owner and editor of The Argus newspaper. He said that Australian indigenous animals were practically useless, providing only “a little sport and an occasional meal”. The Society believed that Australia’s plants and animals were vastly inferior to those in Europe. They wanted to introduce and acclimatise to Victoria “all innoxious animals, birds, fishes, insects and vegetables, whether useful or ornamental” for sport and for the table, and to spread indigenous animals and plants from the colony around the world. Their motto was “if it lives, we want it”. The Society was primarily responsible for introducing sparrows, starlings, sambar and hog deer, ostriches, brown trout, blackberries, and carp to the Murray River. They released the European songbirds, thrush and blackbird to quell the homesickness of British settlers. The Society also sent Australian animals like platypus, echidnas, kangaroos and koalas to Europe for scientific and novelty purposes. Thomas Austin, a wealthy sheep farmer of Barwon Park, Winchelsea (property now owned by the National Trust) was a member and in 1859 he introduced hares, blackbirds, thrushes and partridges onto his property. He is probably best known for introducing 24 breeding rabbits onto his estate as game for shooting parties. Thomas quipped, “The introduction of a few rabbits could do little harm and might provide a touch of home, in addition to a spot of hunting." In 2022, genomic data confirmed that Australia’s feral rabbit population is entirely descended from these rabbits. Biological control has brought the rabbit population down from an estimated high of 10 billion rabbits in the 1920s to approximately 200 million today, inhabiting 70% of Australian landmass (5.3 million square kilometres). In 1872, the Acclimatisation Society was renamed The Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria and they focused on importing exotic animals for display purposes to the zoo. In 1937, the Royal Acclimatisation Society of Victoria was recreated as the Zoological Board of Victoria with a focus on research of native animals threatened with extinction. In an editorial for The Argus newspaper, 16 March 1856, Edward Wilson lamented: "...this country has been shamelessly stolen from the blacks. Had they been like the New Zealanders or the North American Indians, we should have bought their land, and supplied them with the means of living when we took it... In less than twenty years we have nearly swept them off the face of the earth. We have shot them down like dogs. In the guise of friendship we have issued corrosion sublimate in their damper, and consigned whole tribes to the agonies of an excruciating death. We have made them drunkards, and infected them with disease which has rotted the bones of their adults, and made such few children as are born amongst them a sorrow and a torture from the very instant of their birth. We have made them outcasts on their own land, and are rapidly consigning them to entire annihilation. There are but a few of them left, comparatively. This is what we would do for that few. We would feed and clothe every one of them.” [Note: this last sentence is italicized in the original newspaper article text]. Lord Huntingfield, (William Charles Arcedeckne Vanneck) 1883-1969, Governor of Victoria 1934-1939, was a British Conservative Party politician and the first ever Australian-born Governor of an Australian state (although he was always considered British). He was patron of the Royal Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria and was acting Governor-General for six months during the absence of Lord Gowie in 1938. Lady Huntingfield (née Margaret Eleanor Crosby) 1884-1943, his American-born wife showed great interest in social welfare and the advancement of women and children. She was president of the City Newsboys Society and Patroness of the Girls Friendly Society. In 1937, rose breeder Alister Clark named a yellow hybrid tea rose for her. In 1940, the City of Melbourne opened the Lady Huntingfield Free Kindergarten in North Melbourne, now the Lady Huntingfield Early Learning and Family Services Centre. Lady Huntingfield died in London in 1943 after her house was bombed during a German airstrike. The Lady Huntingfield Memorial Scholarship was established after the City of Melbourne raised £1000 in a public appeal conducted in her memory for students undertaking a Social Work degree at the University of Melbourne. It is awarded annually to this day. The Queen Victoria Hospital named a bed in her honour. References: VICE-ROYALTY GREETS THE KING OF BEASTS AT THE ZOO. (1934, June 26). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved August 23, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204818472 Prominent Personalities ANDREW WILKIE (1928, June 7). Table Talk (Melbourne, Vic. : 1885 - 1939), p. 15. Retrieved August 29, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146562949 'Edward Wilson (journalist)', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Wilson_(journalist) 'Thomas Austin (pastoralist)', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Austin_(pastoralist) 'The Acclimatisation Society was driven by misguided ideals about 'fixing nature' in Australia', ABC News, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-11-04/acclimatisation-society-introduced-species-history-listen/101588262?utm_campaign=abc_news_web&utm_content=link&utm_medium=content_shared&utm_source=abc_news_web THE ABORIGINES. (1856, March 16). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 5. Retrieved September 28, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4833244 WAR ON EMUS. (1932, November 4). The West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 - 1954), p. 12. Retrieved September 29, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32588972 'The Great Emu War: how it started and who won', ABC Australia, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1wA0PKeJqc Advertising (1932, November 25). The West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved October 26, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32584578 Emu Chasers Must Outstrip Peter Pan (1932, November 9). The Labor Daily (Sydney, NSW : 1924 - 1938), p. 5. Retrieved October 10, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237042749 WAR ON EMUS (1932, November 22). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1931 - 1954), p. 18. Retrieved October 15, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article73997254 WAR ON EMUS. (1932, October 28). The Labor Daily (Sydney, NSW : 1924 - 1938), p. 6. Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237046601 EMU WAR (1932, December 3). Mirror (Perth, WA : 1921 - 1956), p. 7. Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75626301 Machine Gun Offensive Against Emus. (1932, November 10). Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954), p. 3 (PICTORIAL SECTION). Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37766670 A THOUSAND BIRDS IN LUCK. (1932, November 10). Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954), p. 28. Retrieved October 11, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37766849 New Strategy In A War On The Emu (1953, July 5). The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1949 - 1953), p. 13. Retrieved October 11, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18516559 This is a nice emu-that was! (1932, November 5). The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1955), p. 9 (HOME EDITION). Retrieved September 30, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article82878309 LOCAL AND GENERAL (1932, November 16). The Murchison Times (Cue, WA : 1924 - 1937), p. 2. Retrieved October 14, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article257500260 Taking Him for a Ride! (1932, October 13). The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1955), p. 6 (HOME EDITION). Retrieved September 30, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83717338 'The Emu War', History Nuggets, https://historynuggets.squarespace.com/nuggets/2018/4/21/the-emu-war New Strategy In A War On The Emu (1953, July 5). The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1949 - 1953), p. 13. Retrieved October 23, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18516559 'This is the story of how Australia went to war with emus and lost', First Dog on the Moon, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jul/26/this-is-the-story-of-how-australia-went-to-war-with-emus-and-lost Photographer notations on slide: "Vice Regal visit to Zoo B42"emu wars, governors, melbourne zoo, city of melbourne, 1930-1939, hunting, lord huntingfield, lady huntingfield, royal park, animals, wildlife