Bendigo Advertiser Saturday Decemeber 11, 1965 Black & White Article & Photograph The 13th Century Religious Order - Order of Poor Clares Collettines comes to Bendigo. The Sisters consented to being photographed as normally the Order is completely enclosed. The Mother Abbess stands in the front and, from left are Sister Peter, Sister Collette, Sister Baptista, Sister Anthony, Sister Ambrose, Sister John Francis and the Mother Vicaress. The Mother Abbess is English, the Mother Vicaress & another European Sister are (Scottish) and five Sisters are Indian and (Tamil) Minority. The Sisters Bendigo House is located near St. Aidans Orphanage and is only the second of its kind in Australia.bendigo, clubs, italian reigious order in bendigo

Sister Anne Boyd became the 1st principal of Galen Catholic College as a catholic co-educational college for Years 7 through to Year 12, following the merger of Galen Catholic College, Champagnat College & St. Joseph's College. She took over the helm at Galen College from Brother Ross Keane. Sister served as the school principal until Max Fletcher took over in 1987. Sister Anne was the last principal of Galen Catholic College to belong to a Catholic religious order.galen catholic college, galen college, sister anne boyd, sr. anne boyd, religious order, 1983, 1983 galen catholic college merger, school merger, champagnat, champagnat college, st. joseph's college

An item forming part of a collection of costumes, photographs and documents relating to the Weir family who lived in a mansion, originally named Illapa, at 84 Princess Street, Kew, from c.1917 to 1950. This historically significant collection includes items relating to both George Weir (1866-1937), his wife Edith Mary Weir (1867-1948) and their children. George Weir attained national prominence in the mining industry, becoming General Manager of the North Broken Hill Silver Mining Company in 1903 (later renamed North Broken Hill Mining Company 1905-12, and North Broken Hill Ltd 1912-1988), and subsequently President of the Mine Owners Association. He was to remain General Manager of North Broken Hill Ltd until his retirement in 1926.Sepia-toned photograph of 84 Princess Street, Kew during the occupation of the house by the Weir family during the years 1918-1950. The house and garden had formerly been named Illapa and then Parcnacilla. In 1950 the family sold the house to a religious order who renamed the house 'The Towers'. It now forms part of 'Rylands'.illapa -- 84 princess street -- kew (vic.), george weir, edith mary weir (nee betteridge), weir collection

An item forming part of a collection of costumes, photographs and documents relating to the Weir family who lived in a mansion, originally named Illapa, at 84 Princess Street, Kew, from c.1917 to 1950. This historically significant collection includes items relating to both George Weir (1866-1937), his wife Edith Mary Weir (1867-1948) and their children. George Weir attained national prominence in the mining industry, becoming General Manager of the North Broken Hill Silver Mining Company in 1903 (later renamed North Broken Hill Mining Company 1905-12, and North Broken Hill Ltd 1912-1988), and subsequently President of the Mine Owners Association. He was to remain General Manager of North Broken Hill Ltd until his retirement in 1926.Small black and white photograph of a panoramic view from the tower of 84 Princess Street, Kew during the occupation of the house by the Weir family during the years 1918-1950. The house and garden had formerly been named Illapa and then Parcnacilla. In 1950 the family sold the house to a religious order who renamed the house 'The Towers'. It now forms part of 'Rylands'.illapa -- 84 princess street -- kew (vic.), aerial photographs -- kew (vic.), studley park (kew) -1930s

The term Rechabites refers to a religious order, similar in some ways to the Nazirites, and they are mentioned by Eusebius of Emesa. In more recent times, the name has been used by Christian groups keen to promote total abstinence from alcohol, such as the Independent Order of Rechabites. The chain was added by Mrs Clarrie Rouget - daughter-in-law.A small gold I.O.R Independent order of Rechabites medallion on a gold open paperlink style chain to be worn around the neck. It has eight flat star shape points around the edge of a round blue centre which has a shield with symbols representing the Rechabites. On the back is the inscription as noted in detail in the next section below. The chain was added by Mrs Clarrie Rouget - daughter-in-law. It is displayed in a velvet purple jewelley box which has a cream and flock lining. The jeweller's name printed in gold letters inside the lid may not be the original maker of the medallion, but possibly made the link chain.'IOR Presented to Bro James Rouget PCR Eighteen Years Treasurer No 246 Tent 12th -4- 1909.' 'Henry Decru Watchmaker and Jeweller Main St. Croydon & Lilydale Ph 7257613 - PH 7351511'medallions, commemorative medallions, objects of vertu

Brother Ross Keane became the 1st principal of Galen Catholic College in 1975 and served in this role until the end of 1982. During this time, Galen Catholic College was as a catholic co-educational college for Years 11 and 12 only. Prior to 1975, boys in the senior year levels stayed on at Champagnat College, girls at the same year levels stayed on at St. Joesph's College. Brother Ross Keane belonged to the Marist religious order, which had a long association with Champagnat College.galen catholic college, galen college, brother ross keane, first principal, principal, 1975

The Sanctuary of the Blessed Virgin of the Coast is located in the picturesque municipality of San Giovanni Bianco, is a fascinating example of a subsidiary church immersed in the greenery of the mountains. Its privileged location, at an altitude offering breathtaking views, has made this place an important point of reference for the local community since its founding. The church, characterized by a simple yet elegant architectural style, features a façade that exudes serenity and welcome, inviting visitors to discover its history and significance. The feast of the Blessed Virgin of the Coast is celebrated every year on 15 August, becoming a moment of joy and sharing for the community. True Image of the Blessed Virgin venerated in the Church of the Costa of St. Gall One black and white holy card shows an artwork of the Blessed Virgin, St. Joseph, and the Magi and is venerated in the Church of the Costa of S. Gallo. The history of the sanctuary has its roots in an extraordinary event that occurred on 04 April 1492. A sacred image depicting the Virgin Mary, kept in the home of Caterina Lupis, was the scene of a miracle: tears of blood flowed from the painting. This event, interpreted as a divine sign, stirred great emotion and devotion in the local community. After a series of miraculous events, the Madonna herself expressed the desire to build a sanctuary in her honor, in a specific place: the coast overlooking the town and the hamlets of San Giovanni. Construction of the sanctuary began in 1492, marking the beginning of a story of faith and devotion that continues to this day. S. Antonio Abate, or St Anthony the Abbot Anthony the Abbot, Saint Anthony the Great, Saint Anthony of Egypt, Saint Anthony of the Fire, Saint Anthony of the Desert and Saint Anthony the Anchorite , ( Qumans , 12 January 251 – Thebaid Desert , 17 January 356 ) was an Egyptian abbot and hermit. A contemporary of Paul of Thebes, he is considered the founder of Christian monasticism and the first of the abbots; he is responsible for the permanent establishment of families of monks who, under the guidance of a spiritual father, abba, consecrated themselves to the service of God. His life has been handed down by his disciple Athanasius of Alexandria. He is one of the four Fathers of the Eastern Church who bear the title of "Great" together with Athanasius himself, Basil and Photius of Constantinople. He is remembered in the Calendar of Saints of the Catholic Church and the Lutheran Church on January 17, but the Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates him on January 31, which corresponds, in its calendar, to the 22nd of the month of Tobit . St Catherine of Alexandra was a martyr. T he emperor angrily ordered her to be executed on a breaking wheel. The breaking wheel is an ancient form of torture where a person's limbs are threaded among the spokes and their bones are shattered by an executioner with a heavy rod. It is a brutal punishment that results in a slow and painful death, normally reserved for the worst criminals. When Catherine was presented before the wheel, she touched it and a miracle occurred that caused the wheel to shatter. Unable to torture her to death, the emperor simply ordered her beheaded. Around the year 800, a legend spread that her body has been found with her hair still growing and a constant stream of oil coming from her body. Nothing exists to this day of her remains, and her very existence has been called into question. Despite these questions, and the possibility that her story may be confused with that of one or more other saints, she is still venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as a Martyr. Many Roman Catholics also venerate her to this day as one of the great virgin saints of the early Church. During the medieval period, St. Catherine was one of the most famous saints of the Church. She has was a popular subject in renaissance art and many paintings from the period are dedicated to her. St. Henry, son of Henry, Duke of Bavaria, and of Gisella, daughter of Conrad, King of Burgundy, was born in 972. He received an excellent education under the care of St. Wolfgang, Bishop of Ratisbon. In 995, St. Henry succeeded his father as Duke of Bavaria, and in 1002, upon the death of his cousin, Otho III, he was elected emperor. Firmly anchored upon the great eternal truths, which the practice of meditation kept alive in his heart, he was not elated by this dignity and sought in all things, the greater glory of God. He was most watchful over the welfare of the Church and exerted his zeal for the maintenance of ecclesiastical discipline through the instrumentality of the Bishops. He gained several victories over his enemies, both at home and abroad, but he used these with great moderation and clemency. In 1014, he went to Rome and received the imperial crown at the hands of Pope Benedict VIII. On that occasion he confirmed the donation, made by his predecessors to the Pope, of the sovereignty of Rome and the exarchate of Ravenna. Circumstances several times drove the holy Emperor into war, from which he always came forth victorious. He led an army to the south of Italy against the Saracens and their allies, the Greeks, and drove them from the country. The humility and spirit of justice of the Saint were equal to his zeal for religion. He cast himself at the feet of Herebert, Bishop of Cologne, and begged his pardon for having treated him with coldness, on account of a misunderstanding. He wished to abdicate and retire into a monastery, but yielded to the advice of the Abbot of Verdun, and retained his dignity. Both he and his wife, St. Cunegundes, lived in perpetual chastity, to which they had bound themselves by vow. The Saint made numerous pious foundations, gave liberally to pious institutions and built the Cathedral of Bamberg. His holy death occurred at the castle of Grone, near Halberstad, in 1024. His feast day is July 13th. He is the patron saint of the childless, of Dukes, of the handicapped and those rejected by Religious Order. What we know of St. Elizabeth comes from the Gospel, the book of Luke, in particular. In Luke, Elizabeth, a daughter of the line of Aaron, and the wife of Zechariah, was "righteous before God" and was "blameless" but childless. Elizabeth is also a cousin to the Virgin Mary.What we know of St. Elizabeth comes from the Gospel, the book of Luke, in particular. In Luke, Elizabeth, a daughter of the line of Aaron, and the wife of Zechariah, was "righteous before God" and was "blameless" but childless. Elizabeth is also a cousin to the Virgin Mary. Five holy cards from San Gallo, Lombardy, Italy, carried by Luigi Gervasoni in a small prayer book that he carried to Australia. Two of the Holy Cards are hand coloured, and one mentions the Church were he was baptised, The Chiesa della Costa di S. Gallo. caterina lupis, san gallo, luigi gervasoni, italy, saint elizabeth, san giovanni bianco, chiesa di costa san giovanni bianco, holy family, saint anthony the abbot, st catherine

Sister Elizabeth McGovern, Sister Mary Lacey, Sister Mary Griffiths, and Sister Gerardus Thistlewaite were all nuns of the Brigidine Order in Beechworth in the second half of the twentieth century. They had backgrounds in teaching and office work. As nuns, their contributions to the community included teaching, running camps, being there for community members wishing to talk to them or pray, and visiting prisons and hospitals. During their time in the order, the role of the nuns in Beechworth shifted due to the closing down of the Priory School, and changes in where housing for nuns was provided. The oral history also includes stories of boarding at the convent in the 1950s, and reflections on how the experience of being a nun has changed due to increasing immersion in the modern world, and the move from convent to house. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Sister Elizabeth McGovern, Sister Mary Lacey, Sister Mary Griffiths, and Sister Gerardus Thistlewaite's interview with Jennifer Williams is revealing of the history of the Brigidine order in Beechworth, and the role religion and nuns played in the wellbeing, education, and life of the community in the latter half of the twentieth century. It is significant both for what it illustrates about the lives and motivation of the Sisters, and for what it tells us about how the role of religious education and figures shifted in Beecjhworth from 1950 onward. It is especially illuminating about the experience of women in education. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a series of digital recordings that were originally recorded on multiple cassette tapes. The cassette tapes are black with a horizontal white strip and are currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. They up to 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Sister Elizabeth McGovern, Sister Mary Lacey, Sister Mary Griffiths, Sister Gerardus Thistlewaitelisten to what they say, listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century beechworth, nuns, brigidine sisters, brigidine convent, school, religion, prison, boarding school, modernization, food, women's history, teaching, teachers, education, hospitals, beechworth hospital, charity, old priory, father stockdale, easter, beechworth 1950s

The St Peter Chapel has been the site of many religious celebrations including weddings, funerals and baptisms. This register is a government produced document recording all the necessary information in order to legally register a marriage in the Commonwealth of Australia.Whilst this register details marriages conducted at the St Peter Chapel during the period 1954-1960, of particular importance is the marriage between Robin Alexander Kent and Beverley Langdon Oliver. Beverley is the daughter of Frank Oliver, who served as chaplain to the Mission for a period of 30 years. Beverley and Robin continued to live at the Mission after their marriage and both of their children, Roslyn and Andrew, were born during that time.Handwritten in blue ink on the front cover: "REGISTER NO. 8 29-1-54 to/27-2-60/8st peter chapel, robin kent, frank leslie oliver, padre oliver, marriages, weddings, register, beverley oliver, mission to seafarers, seamen's mission, mission to seamen, flinders street, melbourne, dio-marriages, dio-archives

Clinton Naina’s earliest memory is attending Collingwood football matches at Victoria Park with his father and uncles. His dad was an avid Collingwood supporter and Naina proudly wore his football colours. Lining up to enter the grounds at the big old black-and-white painted wooden doors gave Naina the feeling of entering into another world. 'Rule 30' is a comment on race relations in sport. The artwork is made from the original doors located at the front entrance of the Collingwood Football Club’s grounds at Victoria Park. When the club was refurbished the door was gifted to Naina by a friend—an ex-Collingwood football player—for use in his art practice. The work depicts a big red target painted on the existing Black and white stripes—Collingwood colours—of the door. Naina placed a fabric number ‘30’ on top of the target—created from material used for numbers on the back of players’ football vests. This represents the individuals who have been racially vilified while playing football over many years. The red represents the colour of human blood, while the Blak and white Collingwood colours already painted on the wood are a very fitting comment on race relations. The door itself becomes a potent metaphor for “overcoming barriers, making change, breaking down doors and moving forth into a new era of respect for people”. Rule 30 in the AFL was the first racial vilification code in Australian sport. It prohibited conduct between players, clubs and other AFL officials, which threatened, disparaged, vilified or insulted another person on the basis of that person’s race, religion, colour, descent or ethnic origin. In 2013, ‘Rule 30’ was amended to ‘Rule 35’ to combat other forms of discrimination including disability, appearance and sexuality.The number '30' cut out of fabric placed on top of a painted red target at the centre of an existing black and white wooden door.Accompanying labelracism, sport, football, afl

This Bible is kindly on loan from Parks Victoria. It was presented to Tom (Thomas) Pearce in August 1878 by a friend of the Loyal Orange Institution of Victoria, in recognition of invaluable service rendered in saving the life of Eva (Evelyn) Carmichael when the Loch Ard was wrecked off the coast of Victoria, near Port Campbell. Tom’s granddaughter, Angela Elizabeth Pearce, has written her name inside the front cover. She was born in England in 1925 and died at Woollahra, NSW, in 1944; she was only 19 years old. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ‘LOCH ARD’ (1873-1878): - The sailing ship Loch Ard was one of the famous Loch Line ships that sailed from England to Australia. Barclay, Curdle and Co. built the three-masted iron vessel in Glasgow in 1873. It had sailed three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of recently married, 29-year-old Captain Gibbs. It was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen and candles, and a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. Other cargo included items intended for display at the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880, the most famous of which was the life-size Minton Majolica peacock. After three months at sea, the Loch Ard was close to its destination. On June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs couldn’t see any signs of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse due to poor visibility. When the fog lifted at 4 am, the sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast were much closer to them than Captain Gibbs expected. He failed to manage the vessel, and the ship struck a reef at the base of what is now named Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. The passengers and crew were thrown overboard on impact. The lifeboat was launched by Tom Pearce but crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. He clung to its overturned hull and sheltered under it as it drifted out to sea. The tide brought him back to what is now called Loch Ard Gorge. He swam to shore and found a cave for shelter. A passenger, Eva Carmichael, had raced onto the deck and was confronted by towering cliffs above the ship. A huge wave swept her off into the cold sea. She saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He swam out and dragged her to the shelter of the cave. He revived her with a bottle of brandy from a case that had washed up on the beach. Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He came across two men from Glenample Station, three and a half miles away. He told the men of the tragedy and then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. Sadly, Tom and Eva were the only survivors of the 54 people on board the Loch Ard. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. His rewards for his bravery included the Gold Medal of the Royal Humane Society, a gold watch and £1000 from the Victorian Government, a set of nautical instruments, including binoculars, from the people of Sydney and £60 from the people of Warrnambool. In August 1878, he was also presented with a Bible by a friend of the Loyal Orange Institution of Victoria, also known as the Orange Order. The Bible is significant for its connection with Tom (Thomas) Pearce, as it was awarded to him for his rescue of the shipwrecked Eva Carmichael when the Loch Ard was wrecked. It has kindly been loaned to Flagstaff Hill, which holds one of the largest collections of items from the Loch Ard in Victoria. The Loch Ard is now a historic shipwreck. It was one of the worst disasters and is the most well-known wreck on the Victorian Heritage Register. Together, the artefacts have a high potential to help interpret the story of the Loch Ard. The vessel is archaeologically significant as it is the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The Loch Ard collection is important to Victoria’s history. It includes uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of Victoria’s cultural history. Book: The Holy Bible. A black leather-bound book with red edges on the pages, and a metal clasp at the middle front of the book. Brown paper pages are pasted inside the covers, and gold detailing is around the edges of the inside covers. Coloured lithograph pictures are on separate pages throughout the book. A child-like, handwritten pencil script inscription is on the left front endpaper. The facing right endpaper has lines of italic, black pen and ink script, with some lines underlined in red, and ruled red borders on three sides. The Bible was presented to Thomas Pearce in 1878 for saving life at the Loch Ard wreck in 1878. The Bible is kindly on loan from Parks, Victoria. Pencil: “This bible belongs to / Angela E. Pearce.” Ink: “Presented to / Mr Thomas Pearce / In recognition of invaluable / service rendered in saving / life when the Loch Ard / was wrecked of the coast / of Australia. / by / A friend of the Loyal / Orange Institution of Victoria / Protestant Hall / Melbourne / August 1878” flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, 1878, tom pearce, thomas pearce, evelyn carmichael, eva carmichael, eva townsend, angela pearce, thomas townsend, shipwreck rescue, hero, shipwreck survivor, port campbell, loch ard, loch ard gorge, mutton bird island, glenample homestead, glenample station, bible, religious book, award, loyal orange institution victoria, orange order, august 1878, royal humane society

Two certificates - Arthur James Bromwich Aird (1) solemly received admitted and consecrated as a Knight of the Order of the Temple in Geelong Preceptory at Geelong, Victoria, on 1st July, 1936, and (2) solemly admitted as a Knight of St.John of Jerusalem, Palestine, Rhodes and Malta in the Geelong Priory, Geelong, Victoria, on 18th April, 1938.

Bifold Card featuring three photographs of Ms McCook, words of "Abide with me" by Henry F. Lyte, biblical readings and religious referrals. The card mentions eulogies by Margaret Fankhauser, Anne Hartnett, Julie Turner, and prayer by Rev. John Huynh. Service conducted at Le Pine Funerals, Box Hill on Wednesday 2 December, 2015.

This artifact is a large brass bell. Local divers recovered the bell from the Schomberg wreck in the 1970s. Its location at the wreck site was described as "found on the west side towards the stern"; the vessel remains on a north-south axis, with the bow pointing towards the shore. As a result, the bell was assessed from this position to have formed part of the cargo. The view that this was not a ship's bell belonging to the Schomberg is gained from two other 'Schomberg Bells' in the Flagstaff Hill collection, both of which have the vessel's name prominently etched into their outer surface. Additional information indicates that this bell was not intended for maritime use due to its rounded 'bell-curve' shape, suggesting it was melodically tunable. Also, the detailed basket-type fittings on the bell dome would allow the bell to be suspended by ropes rather than bolted to a yoke. The bell is currently on display at Flagstaff Hill, categorised as a church bell, and part of Schomberg's cargo, intended for use in a church within the Victorian colony. As the Colony of Victoria became more established and its population expanded with the Gold Rush and other emigration from Britain, the demand for regular religious services and permanent church buildings also grew. We will never know if this bell was a specific order or part of an enterprising bell founder's consignment of general stock to a wholesale supplier in Melbourne. Unfortunately, the cargo manifest for the Schomberg has never been found. The shipwreck of the Schomberg is regarded as of significance to Victoria and is registered on the states Heritage list (S 612). The Schomberg wreck has great historical significance as a rare example of a mid 19th century large, fast clipper ship intended to transport cargo and passengers between England and Australia. The vessel that carried this bell represents the marine advances made in an attempt to break established sailing records between Europe and Australia. Flagstaff Hill holds a noteworthy collection of artefacts from the Schomberg shipwreck. The whole collection is primarily significant because of the relationship the objects have archaeologically, not only to highlight the story of the Schomberg ship and later its wrecking, but also has an important potential to interpret the story and progression of maritime shipping in the 19th century. The church bell has a standard bell-curve shape and is dull bronze in colour. A large brass bell, plain and without visible maker marks, but with traditionally intricate basket-type cast fittings for suspension from a yoke by a number of ropes or chains. Approximately 3/8 of the bell’s outer surface bears a thin layer of marine growth and limestone accretion, and there is some minor pitting and spots of light verdigris over the remainder. The bell mouth, or lip, is slightly compressed-in in two places. It was retrieved from the wreck of the Schomberg. warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, schomberg, shipwrecked-artefact, clipper ship, black ball line, 1855 shipwreck, aberdeen clipper ship, captain forbes, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen, brass bell, church bell

Anthropodermic Bibliopegy is the name given to the use of human leather to bind books. The name stems from the combination of the Greek root words, human (Anthropos), skin (derma), book (biblion), and fasten (pegia). The practice of creating anthropodermic books was popular throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. Most commonly, anthropodermic books are medical tomes, with the human leather taken from medical cadavers. Others were produced after criminal trials, with the criminal’s skin used to enclose the record of their own death sentences, creating a form of punishment that would surpass death. Other anthropodermic books contain poems or are religious texts. This book was written and printed in 1599 but most probably was rebound later when creation of anthropodermic books became more predominant. The book is a small tome of a religious nature containing the work of Bishop Thomas Bilson, who in a puritanical voice states that the primary argument articulated in this book is that “the metaphorical Calvinist interpretation of Hell as an exclusion from God was accurate then Christ's descent into hell after his crucifixion must refer to an actual existent hell as Christ was neither subject to sin nor able to be separated from the Divine.” The unusual cover of the book has led to many questions, the main being whether the book is covered with human skin. It was confirmed as such in 2014 with DNA testing undertaken by honours student Talanna Buckley at Federation University finding an 100% match to human DNA on the outside cover of the book. This is one of only two confirmed anthropodermic books in Australia, the other is housed at the National Library of Australia. Other forms of testing the leather of books have been found to be more accurate than DNA testing. For example, before DNA testing or PMF (Peptide Mass Fingerprinting) are undertaken many books have been identified as made from human skin through the close examination of the skins patterning. Hair follicles are the focus of the examination as certain patterns and sizes lend themselves to being human. However, many of these books have been proven to not be bound in human skin, the same can be said of books with inscriptions claiming them as anthropodermic. Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) testing has been found to be the most reliable way of confirming a leather bindings origin. This process involves the sampling of collagen-based materials, cutting the protein to gain specific amino acid combinations which form individual peptide sequences. Each mammal has an individual amino acid sequence in its collagen therefore its peptide mass combination is unique. This form of test can provide a more accurate outcome as collagen will be preserved for longer after the tanning process and will not be damaged in the same way DNA can be by the tanning process. DNA testing can also provide false positives as trace DNA from someone touching the book could be amplified and provide the reading instead of that of the leather itself. However, this book was tested with many controls as well as specific decontamination procedures in order to ensure that it was not trace DNA being tested. This book is historically and spiritually significant because it is a rare example of an early printed English Christian religious tract produced in Old English and Latin.. Its association with Thomas Bilson, who oversaw the final printing and publication of the King James Bible, is important. The covering of this book has been tested for human dna. Findings prove the book is covered with human skin, increasing the rarity of the object.420 page book with unusual leather cover. The book is written in Old English with passages in latin. There is a pressed petal between p.68 and 69. The covering of this book is made of human skin. The practice of binding books in human skin, also known as anthropodermic bibliopegy.Inside cover - James Hendy No 17 (Fu)gends Road Palmers Village Westminster. The gift of his mother Mrs Thomas Hendy. Some notes made through text eg p.112, and a passage written on the last page.religion, bible, edward lowe, edward lotos, thomas bilson, anthropodermic bibliopegy, james hendy, full redemption, religious, leather, wilson, winchester, jesus, puritanical, puritans, bungey, bilson, human skin, skin, human skin cover, human skin binding

An example of a bookmark that is handmade in a convent. The message is that the recipient have a happy feastday. A reminder of when religious in the Catholic church took the name of a saint as their patron and the feast-day of that saint was celebrated annually as a birthday being the recipients birthday into the order. When a person entered a Catholic religious order prior to the Second Vatican Council they adopted a saint's name and celebrated that saint's feast-day as their birthday into the order. This bookmark is a rare survivor and reminder of this cultural and religious practice still observed in some cases.A small shaped card with a colour print of a briar rose sealed with celluloid stitched around the edges and having a thin brocade silk ribbon threaded through. The words A Happy Feast are written on the small card.Inscribed 'A Happy Feast'.catholic, bookmark, religious, feast-day

Susan PATERSON Born Melbourne Dr Susan Paterson is an artist, curator, writer and lecturer. Her research includes artistic practice and theory. Susan Peterson has worked as an art educator in many Australian States, China, England and New Guinea. Framed painting of an angelic figure with halo. Artist's statement: This work is inspired by those who love angel hunting in the old city of Jerusalem. Angels have significance in the three monotheistic religions which have grown together in harmony in this beautiful holy city. JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY and ISLAM emerged historically in this order to be religions of peace and prosperity. PILGRIMS from these three religions visit the Holy City of Jerusalem in Israel to celebrate their respective religious traditions. susan paterson, angel, halo, available

Artist Leonard French said of this work:- "The centre panel suggests a tree of knowledge growing out of a jewelled fish (a spiritual accompaniment is intended), and from the tree birds rise, spreading out through the cloud shapes of the other panels. Hands and figures rise from the earth, reaching for the birds. The left hand panel depicts the journey of figures in a boat, the seeking after or journeying to the source of knowledge. The far right hand panel is the garden, figures in a primitive state, a sort of evolution of figures from a primitive garden (the first garden). Visualization, verbalization, music and dance are tools we have to express a concept. The analysis of an art work is a delicate and sensitive task and great harm can be done in an attempt to become verbal about a form which relies upon elements peculiar to itself for intrinsic meaning." Leonard FRENCH (OBE) (08 October 1928 - 10 January 2017) Born Brunswick, Victoria Died Heathcote, Victoria Known for his enormous dalle de verre (concrete and slab glass) ceiling in the Great Hall of the National Gallery of Victoria Leonard French produced a large body of work throughout his lifetime. French won the Sulman Prize in 1960, and the Blake Prize for Religious Art in 1963 and in 1980. He was also awarded a Harkness Fellowship in 1965. In the Queen's Birthday Honours of June 1968 he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire. In early 1959 Leonard French was commissioned by the Ballarat Teachers' College students to paint a mural. The students were responsible for the payment of the work. When unveiled artist George Bush remarked: "the 1959 students have left something not just to 'oooh' and 'ah' at, but something that is thought provoking, arresting and interesting. This work of art keeps something in reserve and draws you to search for deeper meaning behind the splendour of colour. This mural is not one which will not fade the interest of its beholders, but one which will provide intrigue for generations to come." Originally French intended the mural to be five panels, each entitled (left to right) 'the Journey', 'Man', 'The Tree', 'The Earth', 'The Garden'. The finished mural was reduced to four panels with the central tree incorporated into the panels 'Earth' and 'Man'. Ballarat Teachers' College Art lecturer Arch Cuthbertson explained that the artist:- "Aims at evoking emotional flashed, opening doors to simultaneous thinking and feeling. To accomplish this he juxtaposes the threads of conscious and unconscious images, thus effecting a tapestry that allows many points of reference to converge upon his singular images. Whether the colours offer metaphysical sensations or convey a literal meaning will depend upon the breadth and depth of the viewer's experience. Similarly with the bird - we might well ask is it a defiance of gravity, a metaphysical ascension or the elusive winged knowledge? Again the answer could well be that these three associations have a singular purpose. " This item is part of the Federation University Art Collection. The Art Collection features over 2000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007.A four panel mural by Leonard French, commissioned and gifted by the Ballarat Teachers' College Student in 1959. Art lecturer Arch Cuthbertson was highly involved in this commission. Artist Charles Bush unveiled the mural at the Ballarat Teachers' College in Gillies Street, Ballarat. At that time he said:- "You have left behind you on object which will be full of interest to a lot of people. A work of art, so long as it is in existence, is constantly under review. Most of the good things that keep on going are usually to the uninitiated a little worrying. Many of you will be worried by this, because it does not make its message immediately clear. But come back and assess it again and again." art, leonard french, french, artwork, mural, ballarat teachers' college, class of 1959

Commemoration in London of the first anniversary of the landing at Gallipoli. On 25 April 1916, around 2,000 Australian and New Zealand soldiers marched through the streets of London to the Abbey. The service was held in the presence of King George V and Queen Mary.Two pages of paper, buff coloured with age, printed both sides, folded and stapled to make an 8 page document. The order of service is set out on pages 3-8.wwi, world war i, anzac, anzac day, gallipoli, aif

Program/order of service as determined by the Commonwealth of Australia for use in services throughout Australia on the first day of peace celebrations, Sunday 6 July 1919.Brown paper cover printed on the front in black. Inside, four cream coloured pages, created by a folded sheet of paper secured to the cover by a staple, are also printed in black.Handwritten annotations in red ink: on cover 'Clergy Only'; on internal pages, the names of participants who conducted the service.wwi, world war i, wwi peace celebrations, city of st kilda

Order of service and hymns for patriotic service held on Sunday May 9 (year unspecified but likely to be 1915). Featuring grand combined choir and held in St Kilda Town Hall.White coloured paper folded program printed in blackwwi, world war i, grand combined choir, st kilda