In July 1840, Glenfine, consisting of 31,440 acres, was acquired by Thomas Downie. In March 1842 the 'Right of Run' was taken up by Thomas Chirnside who with an imported stallion 'Delapre' ran a horse stud. He apparently lived here for ten years and employed a gardener with a wife and five children from Hobart, Tasmania. Only some blocks of stone and a few trees remain of their homestead. In 1853 the property was transferred to Dr. John Chirnside, an elder brother of Thomas Chirnside. In 1857, William Rowe of Naringal purchased Glenfiine where he and his family lived until 1904 when it was bought by Richard Howell's estate. It was then 39,000 acres. The present house was built by the Rowes in 1872 of bluestone quarried on the property with a cement render overall. The architect was H.R. Casselli. Gold was found on the property and by 1898 the township of Hollybush was first reported, situated at either side of the front entrance, on the Cressy Road. The land for the township was given by William Rowe. In 1911 R.C. Howell, son of Richard Howell, became the owner, followed by his son in 1960. By 1990 Hollybush had a population of 426 persons. All of the early history of Glenfine, documents etc., were destroyed when Naringal homestead was burnt down in 1944. Glenfine was classified by the National Trust in 1974 and is on the Heritage Commission Register. Mounted black and white image of a large group of men and boys in front of a weatherboard shearing shed. The men are each holding a pair of hand shears. One young man is kneeling on top of a wool bale. A small blue biro 'x' identifies W. Todd. Glenfine was a pastoral station, and the original homestead still stands.shearing sheds, shearers, rural activity, william todd, glenfine pastoral station, thomas chirnside, thomas downie, richard howell, william thomas rowe

Used in shearing shed near Linton.Metal blade hand shears used for shearing sheep. String-bound handles and leather strap.sheep shearing, hand shears, rural activity

Photograph was donated by Claire Flowers, a granddaughter of George Brown.Black and white copy of original photograph which shows shearers grouped together for a photograph inside(?) an unidentified shearing shed. Nearly all of them are wearing sun-hats and most are holding cups or plates. The only person identified is George Brown, in front row with pipe in mouth.On printed slip of paper with photograph: "Photo of shearers at Linton, Front row, first left with pipe in mouht is my grandfather george Brown who was the pund keeper and lived on 16 acres on the Geelong Road behind Gillets. He married Annie Meredith Nicholls." Signed "Claire R. Flowers".shearers, shearing sheds, woolsheds, rural activity, george brown

The photograph was dated to the late 1890s based on the ages of the two boys in it - Henry Francis Junior was born in 1884 and Robert Mitchell in 1885.Black and white copy of original photograph which shows shearers outside the shearing shed at Mt Bute Station. People identified are: Henry Francis Senior, looking out the window; Henry Francis Junior, kneeling centre front with arms folded; Jack Francis, standing under window; Jim Francis, standing third from right; Robert Mitchell, boy in front row, second from left; -?- Shields, man with white beard directly under the window. The Terry family from Illabarook, and Tom Jones, are also said to be in the photograph, but where they are is uncertain.woolsheds, shearing sheds, rural activity, shearing, shearers, mount bute [pastoral station], henry francis senior, henry francis junior, jack francis, jim francis, robert mitchell, terry family, tom jones, shields [shearer]

Used to document/label items on display at the Mannibadar Gymkhana Fleece Competition in December 1954. Provides name of exhibitor, description of sheep fleece on display, and judge's remarks. This certificate documents an entry from Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell, who farmed Corriedale and Merino sheep at Mannibadar. White cardboard certificate with black printed text. Text: " MANNIBADAR GYMKHANA / Fleece Competition / 4-12-1954. "mannibadar gymkhana. fleece competition, percy (ronald percival) howell, prize certificates, rural activity

Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell farmed Corriedale and Merino sheep on his property at Mannibadar. His sons were Ray, Ron and Mervyn (who was killed in action in the last days of World War II).Blue cardboard prize certificate with blue printed text. Awarded at the Mannibadar Gymkhana and Fleece Competition to Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell of Mannibadar for Most Valuable Comback Wether Fleece. The competition was held on Saturday, 4th December, 1954.Text: " MANNIBADAR GYMKHANA / AND / FLEECE COMPETITION / MANNIBADAR, SATURDAY, 4th DECEMBER, 1954 / FIRST PRIZE. "mannibadar gymkhana. fleece competition, percy (ronald percival) howell, prize certificates, prize ribbons, rural activity

Awarded at the Lismore A. & P. Society Annual Agricultural Show to Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell of Mannibadar, for Pasture Ground Suitable Meadow Hay. Event was held on Saturday, November 8th, 1958. Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell farmed Corriedale and Merino sheep on his property at Mannibadar. His sons were Ray, Ron and Mervyn (who was killed in action in the last days of World War II).Cream cardboard prize certificate with black printed text. Text: " LISMORE A. & P. SOCIETY / ANNUAL AGRICULTURAL SHOW / SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1958 / Third Prize. "lismore a. & p. society, percy (ronald percival) howell, prize certificates, prize ribbons, rural activity, lismore a & p show

Fleece was entered in the show by Percy (Ronald Percival) Howell who farmed Corriedale and Merino sheep on his property at Mannibadar. His sons were Ray, Ron and Mervyn (who was killed in action in the last days of World War II).Cream cardboard certificate with black printed text. Used to document items on display at the Lismore A. & P. Society Annual Show in the 1950s. Provides name of exhibitor, description of sheep fleece on display, and judge's remarks.Text: " Lismore A. and P. Society / ANNUAL SHOW, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER , 195-. "lismore a. & p. society, percy (ronald percival) howell, rural activity, lismore a & p show

Sepia photograph of sheep grazing on rural paddocks.rural activity, sheep farming, hill clarke & co., 'homebush'

Two black and white copies of an original photograph which shows grain harvesting at Mannibadar. On the left of the photograph is a traction engine which is being used to operate a mechanical thresher. In the centre of the photograph are filled and stacked sacks of grain. Two horse-drawn wagons are to the right of the photo. The conveyor taking the grain from the threshing machine to the ground where it is being bagged has "J. Barlow & Son Ballarat" across it in large letters.mannibadar, rural activity, agriculture, farming, harvesting

Black and white copy of original photograph which shows horse drawn harvesting machinery being operated by Norman Ellis on a property at Mannibadar owned by the Lewers family.On front: "Norman Ellis harvesting on Lewers". On back: "G. Ellis" / "Norman Ellis harvesting on Lewers 19476".mannibadar, agriculture, farming, rural activity, harvesting, norman ellis, lewers family

Black and white copy of original photograph of a horse and wagon with two young men standing in it (Eugene Grigg on left and Bill Grigg on right). Behind them is a huge haystack. The threshing machinery is to the left.threshing, farm, eugene grigg, bill grigg, rural activity

The Fitridge family of Mannibadar worked as carriers. This photograph is said to have been taken at the Knight's property.Sepia photograph of four men and a woman standing in front of an early model truck which is loaded with wool bales.fitridge family [carriers], rural activity, transport, trucks, wool bales, knight's property

Black and white photo of shearers at Linton Park woolshed.linton park, charlie christie, carl hoffman, bill hyatt, jack mark, graeme stevens, fred ward, rural activity, agricultural workers, shearers

Original photograph taken around 1916 when the Linton rail line was extended to Skipton.Black and white copy of original photograph of men with horses and wagons in cutting. The photograph is understood to show men digging the rail cutting between the Glenelg Hwy and the Mortchup Rd reservoir in Linton.railway, workers, rural activity, railway line extension to skipton 1916

Sepia photograph of a large group of men dressed in working clothes, all wearing hats or caps, some standing behind others kneeling or seated on ground, with three men in suits and hats in the group posed in front of a large wooden building."Mrs Surman / H Kelly / Mt Bute shearing shed".mt bute shearing shed, shearers, rural activity, workers

This type of cast iron kettle was used by pioneer families, mainly rural in the early 1900's upon open fires (log). It covered rural activities that needed a constant readily available source of boiling water, in or mainly outside the kitchen of homesteads. This kettle was used in the early to late 1900's for the refreshment of stock men and farmers that had irregular "tea" breaks under sometimes hard and gruelling conditions.This kettle belonged to and was used by a Kiewa Valley, pioneer family, the Roper Family. This kettle was moved from their Kiewa Valley property to their hut built on the Bogong High Plains. The Bogong High Plains area provided Kiewa Valley cattlemen a good supply of fodder to supplement their Kiewa Valley grazing areas. This "camp draft" activity , in the high plains, could take up to six weeks.This large cast iron modified camp pot (cauldron) has a long tap connection located at the bottom end. The "tap" is made from brass and has a simple elongated "bar" control swivel at the end to control the water flow. The tap suggests that only water was heated (to a constant boil) for the replenishment of cattlemen's, or other horse rider's, tea or coffee mugs. Refreshments at a "temporary" location on the Bogong High Plains. There was a "log" hut built by the Roper family as temporary accommodation for cattlemen and other family members.Ot the flat bottom "FIRST QUALITY 2 GALLONS"camp fire cooking utensils, hot plate, cast iron cooking appliance, drovers kitchen

From archeological findings of aboriginal existence in the 40,000 years ago, to European history evolving over four distinct stages. Firstly, as a pastoral area, then as a stopover on the way to the goldfields. After the goldrush, Keilor became an area of rural activities. From the 1950's, available land and employment opportunities brought new citizens to Keilor from many different cultural backgrounds. Keilor has retained its rural heritage whilst embracing the features of a modern municipality. This video illustrates why Keilor is called the "The Best Country in Town"Keilor Our Heritage Produced by Keilor Historical Societykeilor

From the 1970's onward the relative isolation of regional areas was improving in "leaps and bounds". Social amenities, and life styles were changing at a great rate. Items such as this camera (recreational/life style/non professional) capture of the altering socio economic balance of rural based activities provided the catalyst for greater appreciation by city dwellers to the benefits of rural life. The greater levels of communicative avenues, especially the visual (photography, pictures, television and the internet), from the beginning of this period and throughout the time frame (1970 to the 2000s) has cut the major restraints of what was rural "isolationism".The significance of this type of camera, being a small two lens (normal, telescopic) and portable piece of equipment, allowed non professional tourists, locals or visitors to visually display the uniqueness of the Kiewa Valley and Alpine regions. This method of promotional and intimate visual reproduction of not only physical but also through personal involvement, of the photographer to the audience, a greater psychological impact, by the nature of intimacy involved. This type of photography is one of the most effective stimuli to promote the unique qualities of the Kiewa Valley region.This Item is dual lens (22mm,44mm) camera comprising of an elongated oblong shape, black hard plastic shell. It has a slightly rough surface(for a better fingers grip), two latches are located at the back, one to release the camera from its hinged protective cover and one to move to the next picture frame (film is within a cartridge).On swing cover "Kodak Tele 1 " on back in small print "MADE IN USA" On camera body "KODAK TELE EKTRA 1" underneath "CAMERA" and on slide switch(front) to change lenses:"Tele" and "Norm" kodak two lens camera, photographic hobby usa made camera

Although Heidelberg was one of the first parts of the Port Phillip District to be settled, and became important and prestigious in the early years of the colony, its history has been largely neglected. The beauty and fertility of the land and its proximity to Melbourne quickly resulted in the establishment in the 1830s and 40s of large estates by wealthy gentlemen. A romantic spot, Heidelberg became popular with picnickers and later attracted an artists' colony. The character of the area then gradually changed as a distinct village community emerged, and market gardens began to flourish. Unlike some of the suburbs closer to Melbourne, Heidelberg eventually wilted under economic pressures from which it did not fully recover until the turn of the century. This book allows us within the larger contect of the colony's fortunes and misfortunes, the struggle of Heidelberg the suburb to be born " - flyleaf. Contents: First land sales and subdivisions, gentlemen of Heidelberg and their estates and activities, infant rural community. golden fifties, decline and backwater, railway and land boom, a maturing community , the depression of the nineties. This book was the first to focus on the area of Heidelberg and its context within the Port Phillip District and remains significant as a key secondary source for describing the history of the area. It is relevant to the contextual history of its neighbour the former Shire of Eltham and Shire of Nillumbik.Hardback. Includes illustrations and index, 219 p.ISBN 0522840191port phillip district, ivanhoe, heidelberg, charles wingrove

This is a soft cover book of 134 pages. The cover is multi-coloured with many comic images centred around the activities of a small boy. The book contains 22 chapters. fiction This is a fictional story about a small boy growing up in rural Australia. jo hyland, history of warrnambool

This is a photo of the Running Creek Cricket Club, Premiers. U. K. V. C.A. (Upper Kiewa Valley Cricket Association) Season 1913-1914.Names which are legible are: Back Row: ? , N/M Hynes, F. Seymour, C. Grealey, W. Barton, F. Briggs, A. B. Seymour, H. Grealey. Front row: W.H. Hobbs, D. Black, C. Woolley, J. Fahey (captain), M. Hobbs, J. Black, Ibb Hobbs.Running Creek is in the Upper Kiewa Valley where sporting and recreational activities were an important part of rural social life. A mounted photo on cardboard with the names of the Running Creek Cricket team printed (almost illegible) under the photo of 15 men - 13 cricketers in white, 2 men one at each end and a boy and the premiers cup at the front. 1913-1914Vine's Studios / Wangarattarunning creek, upper kiewa valley cricket association

The Tawonga post office was officially opened on 4th October 1879. It had several locations (mostly near the centre of town) over the years and several operators including local families such as the Ryders, the Drummonds, the Coads, the Hollonds and more recently the Talbots and Ryders. The agency was run in conjunction with another business - currently with the Tawonga Store.An historical account of a small but important business run in a small rural town. The ledgers include local residents and their activities/occupations from 1930.A collection of stamps, weights, a money box, a hole puncher and records for/of customers of the Commonwealth Savings Bank including deposits, withdrawals and those for local societies.tawonga post office, kiewa valley, tawonga residents

These seal skin straps and webbing were introduced into the Victorian Alps by European engineers, conducting survey work for the SEC Hydro scheme in the late 1930s. This period in time produced many immigrants from a war torn Europe with highly developed technical skills. Many of these immigrants provided articles that were well suited to the alpine regions of Australia, ones they used in their homelands. These were times when the home grown cultures of the Anglo Saxon heritage of the earlier settlers within the Kiewa Valley became interwoven with the various European cultures and this formed, what in later years became the beginning of the Australian multi-cultural society. The Kiewa Valley and its surrounding regions where the major rural areas which did not progress in a so typical Aussie "dinky-di", "she'll be right" fashion. The European influence was however not too strong, so as to obliterate the flavour of the home grown rural society.The major populated sections of the upper Kiewa Valley and the Alpine regions were accelerated by the SEC Hydro Development which brought into the slow growing rural regions a quasi multi ethnic society, however this was only noticeable up to the time when the final Power Station was commissioned in the 1960s. The slight variations to the typical Australian rural settlements of the time were in some food preparations, winter apparel such as these seal skin straps and soles and "langlauf" (cross-country skis). The sealskins were sewn so that their grain ran from front to back thereby allowing the skins to grip going up hill and glide going downhill.The gardens and varieties of flowering shrubs and trees where also more in line with traditional European "outdoor" settings. Seal skin sewn onto one side of a strap of webbing. There is a webbing loop on the front that slips over a small point at the front of the ski. There is a webbing strap attached to the back of the seal skin sole coming over the back of ski that clips metal fasteners onto a loop of webbing behind the ski boot. alpine sports, snow skis, winter clothing, mount bogong recreational activities, snow sports

Historically this item is from the early to late 1890's. This Item documents the day to day commerce and financial transactions of a business in a regional centre of a rural district. It illustrates the greater degree of personal contact between bank staff and client, outside electronic money transfers and A.T.Ms. The personal activities especially in small towns between bank and customers made for a clearer and friendlier transaction interchange possibleThis item clearly details pre Federation banking and the important link with English law and commerce. Regional banking was very strong and the rural sectors provided the "wealth of the nation". This confidence was backed by the assurances of the Royal Charter and the financial strength of the British Homeland. The strong Pound Sterling was the currency of the "Empire"Discoloured white, hard cardboard book with brass clasp/clip early Pass book containing 45 pages. The page thickness is close to thin cardboard.No outside markings. Inside cover printed "The Bank Of Australia (Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1835)". Also Listed, the paid up capital, the reserve fund and regulatory information. The second page details the list of offices in Australia and the London office. Following pages credit debit information of typical bank Pass Book of "John Woodside No.2 A/Ccommerce, banking beechworth early accounting pre federation

This item wasused before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength. This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) within the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools was and still is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron, hand operated Auger has a short barrel shaped cylinder at one end (known as the "Eye") and at the other end a Helical screw blade (screws the cutting edge into wooden material, thereby creating a hole 3/4 inch diameter in the wood) . The barrel section at the top permits a metal or wooden leverage plank to be inserted. The main rod has a 180mm long cutting/screw blade running from the bottom up towards the "eye" end. From the end of the screw blade to the handle is 380mm and cylindrical, but this changes at 550mm from the "eye" end to a 14mm x 10mm rectangular shape shaft.This shaft end is welded to the "Eye".On the shaft below the "eye" is stamped " MATHESON GLASGOW" on the front side and a spade (cards) symbol on the back.auger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit