This ceramic ram was produced to promote or advertise "Thibenzole", a product of Merck, Sharp and Dohme (Australia) Pty Ltd. Thibenzole is an anthelmintic or anti worm drench produced by MSD and launched onto the market in early 1962. It was promoted as being useful against most worm varieties and for being tasteless, odourless and easy to use. Presumably this ceramic ram was used as either a give away by MSD salesmen or as a shop countertop display.Ceramic ram advertising Thibenzole, a sheep drench produced by Merck, Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty Ltd, 1962. Ceramic ram advertising Thibenzole, a sheep drench produced by Merck, Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty Ltd, 1962. Ceramic ram advertising Thibenzole, a sheep drench produced by Merck, Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty Ltd, 1962. Ceramic ram advertising Thibenzole, a sheep drench produced by Merck, Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty Ltd, 1962.THIBENZOLE / MSD / THIBENZOLE GUARDIAN OF THE NATIONS SHEEP / CHAMPION / "THIBENZOLE" ANTHELMINTICsheep - parasites sheep drenching, merck, sharp and dohme (australia) pty ltd, thibenzole, sheep - parasites, sheep drenching

A black and white image of Miss Uraina Cullinan and William Clark drenching sheep in a yard at her farm "Bayview" in Diggers Rest.on back: Wm Clark / Uraina Cullinancullinan, uraina, eileen, chris, farming, farms, bayview farm, clark, william, sheep, drenching, george evans collection

There are several different designs of drench guns within the NWM Collection that show the change in their development over time. This drench gun has a large diameter curvature suggesting this gun was typically used for dosing ewes as opposed to lambs. The attached spring-loaded hose is the only example in our collection how this mechanism works. The hose will be screwed into the liquid which is used to drench the sheep. This liquid is typically located on the back of the operator who will wear a large container in a backpack. This gun also has a adjustable dosing mechanism located on the right side of the gun.Silver metal with black finishing drench gun. Large curvature tip on gun protrudes from the body which feature a thin squeezable trigger to the front of the body. The main bulk, which the trigger is squeezed towards, has badge which reads “Manufactured and designed by N.J. Phillips Pty Ltd, Sydney”. Behind this body is silver cylinder featuring attachment point for the tubing which would have carried the liquid drench into the gun. The attached tubing has a yellow/orange appearance from remanence of drench which would have been this colour.Left rotated lettering: MANUFACTURED/ & DESIGNED BY/ N.J.PHILLIPS PTY. LTD./ SYDNEY . AUSTRALIA/sheep drenching, veterinary instruments

A black and white image of Eileen Cullinan with her two dogs 'Lassie' and 'Bobby' on her farm "Bayview" in Diggers Rest.on back: Eileen Cullinan / Lassie / Bobbycullinan, uraina, eileen, chris, dogs, farming, farms, bayview farm, clark, william, sheep, drenching, george evans collection

A black and white image of Uraina Cullinan and William Clark with dog 'Bobby' in a sheepyard on her farm "Bayview" in Diggers Rest.on back: Uraina Cullinan / Bobby / Wm Clarkcullinan, uraina, eileen, chris, dogs, farming, farms, bayview farm, clark, william, sheep, drenching, george evans collection

NJ Phillips was the first Australian company to invent a drench gun that overcame the problem of drench going the 'wrong way' down the throat and onto a sheep’s lungs. This was the drench gun that they developed. It had an ingenious double action on the handpiece. The first squeeze projected a long nozzle that went right down the oesophagus before delivering the dose of drench automatically once this was in place. It also had a readily adjusted dose lever seen at left which minimised overdosing. This company dominated the market for many yearsSilver metal with black finishing drench gun. Minimal curvature tips on gun protrude from the body. Features a thin squeezable trigger to the rear of the body. The main bulk, which the trigger is squeezed towards, has badge which reads “Manufactured and designed by N.J. Phillips Pty Ltd, Sydney” in circular design. On top of this body is a large silver chamber in which both tips meet. This chamber is for the liquid to be transferred from the tube and into the tip of the drench gun for delivery onto the ewe’s tongue. The small section of tubing still attached has a yellow/orange appearance from remanence of drench which would have been this colour.Right circular lettering: MANUFACTURED/ & DESIGNED BY/ N.J.PHILLIPS PTY. LTD./ SYDNEY . AUSTRALIA/sheep drenching, veterinary instruments

There are several different designs of drench guns within the NWM Collection that show the change in their development over time. On the left side of this gun white paint indicates the adjustable dose lever. It is a sliding scale from 10 to 0 cubic centimetres of liquid (now typical measure in millilitres). It also has a small and straight tip suggesting this gun was typically used for dosing Lambs as opposed to ewes. The manual adjuster helped to minimise cases of overdosing which can be fatal for livestock while the additional curvature helped to ensure the liquid reached the desired location within the sheep’s mouth. This desired location is on the left rear of the sheep’s tongue (from the sheep’s point of view) as this is where the oesophagus is located. The main risks are that drench may be delivered into the lungs via the trachea or “windpipe”, which can also prove fatal. The opening to the trachea which leads to the lungs is in the middle of the back of the throat. Another risk is the throat can also be damaged due to rough handling.Silver metal with black finishing drench gun. Straight tip on gun protrudes from the body which feature a thin squeezable trigger to the front of the body. The main bulk, which the trigger is squeezed towards has silver cylinder on top of the handle where tubing carrying the liquid drench into the gun attaches. The small section of tubing still attached has a yellow/orange appearance from remanence of drench which would have been this colour.sheep drenching, veterinary instruments

There are several different designs of drench guns within the NWM Collection that show the change in their development over time. On the left side of this gun white paint indicates the adjustable dose lever. It is a sliding scale from 10 to 0 cubic centimetres of liquid (now typical measure in millilitres). It also has a large diameter curvature suggesting this gun was typically used for dosing ewes as opposed to lambs. The manual adjuster helped to minimise cases of overdosing which can be fatal for livestock while the additional curvature helped to ensure the liquid reached the desired location within the sheep’s mouth. This desired location is on the left rear of the sheep’s tongue (from the sheep’s point of view) as this is where the oesophagus is located. The main risks are that drench may be delivered into the lungs via the trachea or “windpipe”, which can also prove fatal. The opening to the trachea which leads to the lungs is in the middle of the back of the throat. Another risk is the throat can also be damaged due to rough handling.Silver metal with black finishing drench gun. Large curvature tip on gun protrudes from the body which feature a thin squeezable trigger to the front of the body. The main bulk, which the trigger is squeezed towards, has badge which reads “Manufactured and designed by N.J. Phillips Pty Ltd, Sydney”. Behind this body is silver tubing featuring attachment point for the tubing which would have carried the liquid drench into the gun. The small section of tubing still attached has a yellow/orange appearance from remanence of drench which would have been this colour.Left lettering: 10CC 5CC 0/ 7.5 2.5/ Left rotated lettering: MANUFACTURED/ & DESIGNED BY/ N.J.PHILLIPS PTY. LTD./ SYDNEY . AUSTRALIA/sheep drenching, veterinary instruments

Metal drench funnel.sheep drenching, funnel

Drench funnel.sheep drenching, collins bros mill pty ltd, funnel

Drench gun, with spare.sheep drenching

Sign, in shape of a tray, advertising Cooper's Coopex Sheep Drench.sign

Funnel used for drenching sheep. 2 holes were to allow for different quantities. The thumb was placed over the lower hole to use the higher dose. It was filled to the required level then tipped down the sheep's throat.Copper funnel sealed at the large end. Two holes on the side. Extension added to the narrow end and number 2 stamped on the side. Teeth marks evident on the narrow extension.Number 2

The Kettle Drum Drenching Gun was invented and predominately used in the 1940s and 1950s. The Drench Gun was likely used to drench sheep with carbon tetrachloride for internal parasite control. These guns were widely used in Australia. There were problems with the design of the kettle Drum Drench Gun, however, which contributed to its demise. On hot days and/or if the sheep struggled while being drenched, some fluid would miss its intended target and go into the windpipe and onto the lungs of sheep, often with fatal results. At times nearly one-third of a flock could be found dead. Inexperienced operators, overdoses and weather were often blamed for the deaths when it was often the design of the Drench Gun itself. Kettle drenching gunOn handle: Pest Arrestor

The Kettle Drum Drenching Gun was invented and predominately used in the 1940s and 1950s. This Drench Gun was constructed by Moffat-Virtue Ltd, an Australian company formed by John Moffat and William Wright Virtue. Moffat-Virtue Ltd were a Sydney company whose products, including windmills and shearing machinery, were well known in rural NSW throughout the mid twentieth century. The company was taken over by Fire Fighting Enterprises Ltd in June 1966 (Rudder, G 2020). The Drench Gun was likely used to drench sheep with carbon tetrachloride for internal parasite control. These guns were widely used in Australia. There were problems with the product, however, which contributed to its demise. On hot days and if the sheep struggled while being drenched, some fluid would go into the wind-pipe and into the lungs of the sheep, sometimes with fatal results. At times nearly one-third of a flock could be found dead. Inexperienced operators, overdose and weather were often blamed for the deaths (Davidson, K 2012). A brass drenching kettle consisting of a brass bowl and a detachable plunger mechanism. The plunger is alloy and the handle has a hinge to create suction to spray liquid out the brass nozzle.Moffatt-Virtue Limited 3841 C V ROBERTS/ PATENTEE Pest Arrestorsheep - diseases sheep - parasites

Single dose drench gun,animal health sheep - diseases sheep - parasites, animal health, sheep - diseases, sheep - parasites

Simple funnel type drenching was used by dunking base into saucepan containing drench. Funnel was then held upright and current dosage was retained in the funnel. With the drenchers finger covering the filling opening the pointed end of the funnel was then placed sufficiently far into the sheeps mouth to release dose into throat.Drench funnel.

Wilcox Mofflin Ltd drench gun for sheep.WILCOX MOFFLIN LTD.animal health, sheep diseases, sheep parasites, sheep stations management, sheep - diseases, sheep - parasites, sheep stations - management

C Victor Roberts' drenching gun for sheep.PATENTED/ No106-154/9-6-38/ C Victor Roberts VICTOR RD/DEE WHY NSW FOR COROSIVE MIXTURES/ BLUESTONE ARSENICNICOTINE /ALSO PHENOTHIAZINE/ NOT OIL K406 Victor BLUESTONE SHEEP DOSERanimal health, sheep diseases, sheep parasites, sheep stations management, sheep - diseases, sheep - parasites, sheep stations - management

Eight page booklet with black and white printed text. front: [printed] DRENCHES / AND THEIR USE / IN THE CONTROL OF THE / STOMACH AND INTESTINAL / WORMS OF SHEEPproducts, agriculture, animal breeding, animal husbandry, vaccination, health