Vietnamese boat people in Air Raya, 1978. Air Raya is the name of a former refugee camp located in Jemayah Island (Anambas Islands), Riau Province, Indonesia, established for Vietnamese boat people.

The couple from this photo has gone through great hardship in the period they spent as refugees. They fled Southern Vietnam (Ca Mau) after the Vietnam War in late 1979 when the chinese have invaded and settled in Vietnam. They came on the #91 boat called Minh Hai 375 and arrived at the island on 10/22/1978. Prior to that they were ambushed by pirates who tried to rob, rape and completely take advantage of the vulnerable state the refugee people in. They recall having to purposely sink the boat so that they can be allowed into the country.This photo is great evidence to the family value Vietnamese refugees hold in the period of the period of fleeing the poor conditions that exists back in their country. People put their life online just to HOPE for a better life. Family portrait of a couple and first born child (son) in front of what look like their home at the time. This was taken at 1979 on the island called Pulau Bidong. It's a photo which has been laminated onto a light blue backing paper. The photo's corner has also been rounded with hand written label stating; 'Pulau - Bidong 1979' pulau - bidong 1977

Vietnamese boat people landing in Philippines during the first years of the events (1975 - 1996). They were grouped up from many different islands and transferred to the refugee camp in Palawan Island. There they were interviewed and waited for decision from UNHCR to be granted settlement approval. Then they would be transferred to Bataan Processing Centre in Manilla waiting for flight to a third country.It is one of the very rare black and white photographs collected during the first years of the Vietnamese boat people in Philippines.Black and whilte picture taken at Lubang Island, Philippines, 1978. A group about 50 Vietnamese refugees landing in Lubang Island, Philippines, 1978. Pictures taken on a beach of the island, in front of 2 huts covered with coco-palm leaves as temporary shelter, together with two nuns and government workers coming to pick up and transfer to a refugee camp.Nguoi Viet ty nan tai Lubang, Philippines, 1978.lubang island, philippines, vietnamese refugees

Organized by the Archive of Vietnamese Boat People, a group of 48 overseas Vietnamese around the world came to visit the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku. The grave was found by the Archive of Vietnamese Boat People. It was the first overseas Vietnamese group ever came to this place.Revisit to the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku

This cemetery is situated in the former Bataan Processing Centre (Manilla, Philippines). Record showed there were about 300 refugees were buried in this cemetery. The Centre was closed down in 1996. Cemetery was left deserted. This Processing Centre was the place where it was been used as a temporary stop-over from 1978 - 1996 for those who had been accepted to be resettled in USA. They stayed here for 6 months to be trained for English and Living in USA. This photograph is significant because it represents the high death rate at a Processing Centre The cemetery is linked with many other refugee cemeteries in the South East Asia. It is the evidence of the cost for Freedom, cost to escape from Communism in the world, during the 21-year event of Vietnamese boat people, where there were more than 500,000 Vietnamese lost their lives. The place should be well maintained as one of the heritage sites of this event.There are about 300 graves found in this cemetery. Bataan was a Processing Centre established in 1980 and closed down in 1994, now called Bataan Technology Park, in Subic Bay area (Philippines), 2 hours drive from Manilla. bataan cemetery, vietnamese boat people, processing centre in bataan,

A model boat that has one person at the front holding robe and another person is inside the cockpit. The boat has three flags, one on deck with yeallow colour and red "X", one is white with three red horizontal stripesin middle on pole next to cockpit and one look like a pirate flag behind the cockpit.South Vietnam Assault Gun Boatmodel boat, vietnamese boat, river assault boat

In Aug-2006 a group of 48 overseas Vietnamese came back to visit and pray at the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku and at many other cemeteries along the eastern coast of Malaysia. The trip was organized by the Archive of Vietnamese Boat People. It was the first group of the overseas Vietnamese coming to visit since the end of the wave of VBP in Malaysia in 1996. The grave was found by the Archive of Vietnamese Boat People.Praying at the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku

Photograph of South Vietnamese Gun boat off the coast. there is a beach and hills in the backgroundMy Vietnam Collection. copyright Norm Cooperphotograph, gunboat, coastal patrol

Bidong refugee camp located in Bidong Island, Terengganu state, Malaysia, was established in Oct 1978 and closed down in Nov 1991. In 13 years it provided accomodatation to a number of nearly 250,000 Vietnamese boat people, with the topmost crowded period of time in 1980 it housed over 40,000 boat people at one time in a small area of one square kilometre.Demolishment of Bidong refugee camp in 1991

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of Trooper Normie Rowe views a number of Vietnamese fishing boats stopped in a "free fire zone". Under the rules at the time, the fishermen stood a good chance of losing their catch as well their boats, as being arrested for breaking the law.photograph, trooper normie rowe, vietnamese fishing boats, denis gibbons

This mass grave is to bury 139 Vietnamese boat people (VBP) in an escape boat of MT065. They arrived at the shore of Cherang Ruku, Kelantan state of Malaysia in the late afternoon of 31 Nov 1978, with the push-back policy, the boat was not allowed to unload a number of more than 300 boat people in the small boat. They had to anchore at a distance of about 200 metre away from the shore. In the early morning of 1-Dec-1978 a storm of the monsoon season quickly swept over the area. The boat was capsized. 139 + 49 boat people were killed. Bodies of 139 VBP were washed ashore into the beach of Cherang Ruku, were collected and buried in this mass grave. The remains of another 49 VBP were collected 4 days later and buried in Balai Bachok, about 30 km away from Cherang Ruku. The 5 grave stones with a name list of 123 VBP were built by the UN HCR with the names they could find. The man who was in charge of burying these VBP was interviewed in 2010, retold the story and confirmed he buried 139 bodies, not 123.Mass grave of VBP in Cherang Ruku, Malaysia

Index, bibliography, ill, maps, p.183.non-fictionIndo-China war - Australian involvement in Vietnam - Laos and Cambodia ; Jim Cairns - Harold Holt - Ho Chi Minh - John F. Kennedy - Robert Menzies - My Lai - Richard Nixon - Lyndon B. Johnson (L.B.J.) - Tet Offensive - Fall of Saigon - Why America lost - Cambodia & the Sihanouk years - Khmer Rouge & Pol Pot - Agent Orange & Post-traumatic stress disorder - Vietnamese boat people & resettlement destinations.vietnam war 1961-1975 – history, indochina - history

Yellowed Card with silk insert on front cover showing four (Vietnamese) people in two small boats,Tree branch with leaves, moon over the water. Colours yellow,green,blue and white. "Merry Christmas" below insert. Inside fine tissue paperchristmas, card

photograph, colour, destroyed boats

This is the largest burial ground in Zone F, of Pulau Bidong Island in Malaysia. This photo was taken in May 2012The graveyard in Zone F had been cleaned up in 1991 before the Bidong refugee camp was closed down permanently in Nov 1991.Graveyard Zone Fgraveyard zone f, bidong

Bidong Refugee ID issued in 1989.All refugee had one of this card. Bidong Refugee IDBidong Refugee IDbidong refugee id, unicef

VN boat people in refugee camp at Kota Bharu, 1980. Former refugee camp in Kota Bharu, capital of the state of Kelantan, north of Malaysia. It was a temporary camp and was closed down in 1984 after all refugees had been moved to Pulau Bidong.

Certificate of Activities of a refugee in BidongCertificate of Activities of a refugee in Bidong

A VBP mass grave in Balai Bachok is where there were 49 VBP buried. Together with the mass grave in Cherang Ruku they were the vitims from the boat MT065. The grave was built on 4 Dec 1978.Mass grave of VBP in Balai Bachok

This 5 grave stones of the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku were built by the UN-HCR. As told by the local old man, Mr Lim at 80 years old, in 2010, who was in charge of burying these victims from the first day, he confirmed that there were 139 bodies buried by himself. It can accepted that because the name list of the boat was lost during sinking, the name list angraved on the stones was collected by UN HCR member by interviewing the victims who could identified victims. Furthermore the dead bodies, as told by Mr Lim, were washed ashore not in one day. The local residents could not contact to report to the UN HCR many after the accident, what they could do was that they had to quicly bury the decomposed bodies. As told by vitims of the MT065, about 2 - 3 days after the accident, they were called to the beach to identify the bodies. No way they could identify the body because it was swollen and decomposed. Face and parts of the body was eaten by fish.5 grave stones of the VBP mass grave in Cherang Ruku