An adze is an ancient and versatile cutting tool similar to an axe but with the cutting edge perpendicular to the handle rather than parallel. Adzes are used for smoothing or carving wood in hand woodworking, and as a hoe for agriculture and horticulture. Two basic forms of an adze are the hand adze (short hoe) a short handled tool swung with one hand and the foot adze (hoe) a long handled tool capable of powerful swings using both hands, the cutting edge usually striking at foot or shin level. Mathieson & Sons Maker: In 1792 John Manners had set up a workshop making woodworking planes at 14 Saracens Lane Glasgow. He also had employed an apprentice Alexander Mathieson (1773-1851). But in the following year at Saracen's Lane, the 1841 census describes Alexander Mathieson as a master plane-maker now at 38 Saracen Lane with his son Thomas Adam working with him as a journeyman plane-maker. Presumably, Alexander must have taken over the premises and business of John Manners. Now that the business had Thomas Adam Mathieson working with his father it gradually grew and became more diversified, and it is recorded at the time by the Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory that by 1847-1848 Alexander Mathieson was a “plane, brace, bit, auger & edge tool maker” In 1849 the firm of James & William Stewart at 65 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh was taken over and Thomas was put in charge of the business, trading under the name Thomas A. Mathieson & Co. as plane and edge-tool makers. Thomas's company went on to acquire the Edinburgh edge-tool makers “Charles & Hugh McPherson” and took over their premises in Gilmore Street. In the Edinburgh directory of 1856/7, the business is recorded as being Alexander Mathieson & Son, plane and edge-tool makers at 48 Nicolson Street and Paul's Work, Gilmore Street Edinburgh. The 1851 census Alexander is recorded as working as a tool and plane-maker employing eight men. Later that year Alexander died and his son Thomas took over the business. Under the heading of an edge-tool maker in the 1852/3 Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory the firm is now listed as Alexander Mathieson & Son, with further entries as "turning-lathe and vice manufacturers". By the early 1850s, the business had moved to 24 Saracen Lane. The directory for 1857/8 records that the firm had moved again only a few years later to East Campbell Street, off the Gallowgate area, and that through further diversification was also manufacturing coopers' and tinmen's tools. The ten-yearly censuses report the firm's growth in 1861 stating that Thomas was a tool manufacturer employing 95 men and 30 boys; in 1871 he had 200 men working for him and in 1881 300 men. By 1899 the firm had been incorporated as Alexander Mathieson & Sons Ltd, even though only Alexander's son Thomas appears ever to have joined the firm so the company was still in his fathers' name. In September 1868 Thomas Mathieson put a notice in the newspapers of the Sheffield & Rotherham Independent and the Sheffield Daily Telegraph stating that his firm had used the trade-mark of a crescent and star "for some time" and that "using or imitating the Mark would be proceeded against for infringement". The firm had acquired its interest in the crescent-and-star mark from the heirs of Charles Pickslay, the Sheffield cutler who had registered it with the Cutlers' Company in 1833 and had died in 1852. The year 1868 seems also to be the one in which the name Saracen Tool Works was first adopted; not only does it figure at the foot of the notice in the Sheffield press, it also makes its first appearance in the firm's entry in the Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory in the 1868/9 edition. As Thomas Mathieson's business grew, so too did his involvement in local public life and philanthropy. One of the representatives of the third ward on the town council of Glasgow, he became a river bailie in 1868, a magistrate in 1870 and a preceptor of Hutcheson's Hospital in 1878. He had a passion for books and was an "ardent Ruskinian". He served on the committee handling the bequest for the setting up of the Mitchell Library in Glasgow. When he died at Coulter Maynes near Biggar in 1899, he left an estate worth £142,764.  The firm of Alexander Mathieson & Sons was one of the leading makers of hand tools in Scotland. Its success went hand in hand with the growth of the shipbuilding industries on the Firth of Clyde in the nineteenth century and the emergence of Glasgow as the "second city of the Empire". It also reflected the firm's skill in responding to an unprecedented demand for quality tools by shipyards, cooperages and other industries, both locally and far and wide.Hand Adze or Cooper's adze No 4 A Mathieson & Sons Glasgowflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, adze mathieson & sons, cooperage tools, woodworking, barrel making, working timber, joiners tools, carpenters tools

A digital copy of a black and white photograph of two timber palers working in a forest.A digital copy of a black and white photograph of two timber palers working in a forest.marysville, victoria, australia, timber paler, photograph

A double-bevelled broad axe can be used for chopping or notching and hewing. When used for hewing, a notch is chopped in the side of the log down to a marked line, called scoring. The pieces of wood between these notches are removed with an axe, called juggling, and then the remaining wood is chopped away to the line. Broad axe head; handmade. A metal, T-shaped axe head, double-bevelled, with a formed slot for adding a wooden handle. The shape is common; a Canadian pattern. warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, hewing axe, timber working tool, forestry, axe head, braod axe, lumber, building, handmade, forged, iron, steel

Image of a number of shearers working in a timber shearing shed.shearing, burrawong station, shearers, sheep, shearing shed, farm

This medium sized metal, horse-drawn, road-working scoop, with timber shafts is an example of those used in Moorabbin Shire in the late 1800s, and up until the 1940s for road-works, building dams, market-gardening work and other similar earthworks in the shire. The Box Cottage museum example would have been drawn by one horse, with the worker walking and steering the horse and scoop from behind using the timber shafts. There were even bigger metal scoops that required two or more horses to drag the scoop through the soil.Following the Dendy Special Survey 1841 allotments were sold to pioneer settlers who established market gardens in the Moorabbin area. Roads and roadside dams were needed as they transported both their stock and garden produce to markets in St Kilda and Melbourne By1880 the Shire of Moorabbin was using horse-drawn, road-working shovels on the main thoroughfares of the district.A medium sized metal, horse-drawn, road-working scoop, with timber shafts. Used by Moorabbin Shire in the late 1800s, and early 1900s for road-works, and other similar work in the shiremelbourne, shovel, brighton, moorabbin, metal, gardens, roads, markets, mckinnon, cheltenham, horse drawn, scoop, dendy henry, st kilda

Early Industrial Timber working sawHistoric - Early Industrial Timber working sawLong metal hand saw.saw, metal, metal saw, hand saw

Early Industrial Timber working Flat Belt driven saw bench Historic - Early Industrial Timber working Flat Belt driven saw bench Wood framed with a sliding table and a steel shaft with a pulley on one end and a saw blade on the othersaw bench, puffing billy, flat belt driven

A spokeshave is a very short plane, oriented horizontally, with a handle on each side. It is a general purpose tool for circular work when working with timber or leather. Commonly used by painters, wheelwrights and saddlers. This exhibit features an iron cutter clamped between two wooden handles, one of which can be unscrewed to enable it to work in cramped spaces. Four faced Shave-Spokeshave with an iron cutter clamped between two screw handles. This version features one detachable wooden handle which can be unscrewed to enable it to work in cramped spaces.'Fitch' embossed into handle - right hand endplane, shave, spokeshave, fitch

Born: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 1860; Lived and worked: France 1887-1932, England 1932-1940; Died: Brighton, Sussex, England 1940World War IGift of Mrs E.E. Ledger, 1987Drawing depicting a field hospital with tents and trees lining a snowy field and figures working at sunrise. Limed timber gallery frame with white window mountRecto: Signed, titled and dated 'ISO RAE / ETAPLES Jan 1918 – Tents no I Can. Hos. / fire buckets" in grey pencil in l.l.c of compositiondrawing, landscape, figures, trees, structures, tents, sunrise

Photographic reproduction of woodcut drawing of the building of the entrance and map above of location.Black and white photograph of a woodcut showing dredge working between timber constructed piers on entrance from the lakes to the ocean Bass Strait. Piers unfinished, timber lying around, sand in the entrance. Map above showing position of the lakes, old and new entrances, southern ocean and sand dune vegetation. Lakes Entrance Victoria. Plus second sketch depicting early worksA woodcut depicting the making of the Lakes Entrance.public works, dredging, waterways

The interior of the timber sawmill was designed to replicate what a mill may have looked like in a small country town circa 1890s. The image shows a rough-hewn building made from tree trunks and raw timber. In the centre, a man is working on making timber planks - around him lat many more pieces. In front a large piece of machinery showing belt-driven parts. The mill was essential to settlement towns, often being the first building to be constructed. pencilled on the reverse 'A8'. Kodak watermarks.sawmill, timber worker

Keith Winterbottom was born in the small settlement of Moulamen near Swan Hill in 1891.He enlisted in the AIF on the 7 April 1916 as a private and allocated to the 1st refit for the 38th Battalion. He was single and 25 years old and a strong 6 footer after working as a labour/timber cutter around Swan Hill. He embarked for France in July 1916 and disembarked at Plymouth on the 10 August 1916. Proceeded to France [ Ypres] on the 16 September and taken on strength with the 59th Battalion on the 8 October 1916. He suffered very serious GSW to his chest, arm, and left leg on the 10 December 1916 and was admitted to the Casualty clearing station at Heilly on the 11 December. His wounds were extensive and major and he died of these wounds on the 12 December 1916. He was buried at the Hospital Cemetery at Heilly, France. His kit that was returned to his mother contained a football, scarf, a razor strop and two ties. On the 18 June 1923 is mother was given the Memorial Plaque 318573 inscribed with her son's name Keith Winterbottom Memorial Plaque [Dead Man Penny]Inscribed with the name Keith Winterbottom. Presented to his mother on the 18 June 1923.

A moulding plane is a specialised plane used for making the complex shapes found in wooden mouldings that are used to decorate furniture or other wooden object. Traditionally, moulding planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding planes for the full range of work to be performed. Large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other worker to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it.A vintage tool made by an unknown maker, this item was made commercially for firms and individuals who worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a ornamental finish to timber. These profiled planes came in various shapes and sizes to achieve a decorative finish. Although the item is marked J Dixon no reference can be found at this time for a maker of complex moulding planes J Dixon of London. The plane could have been made by an unknown maker and sold through a merchandising agent of which there was one in London at the time. It is this agent J Dixon that could have stamped his mark on the item and then sold the plane on giving the impression J Dixon was the maker, this practice was quite common in the 18th & 19th centuries. This item is still regarded as a significant tool from the mid to late 19th century that today is quite rare and sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Panel Plough Plane white wood, blade missing. Stamped "J Dixon London" also has the letter "B" stamped flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, wood working, cabinet making, complex moulding plane, j dixon london, mouldings

The Bow Saw is considered by many to be the most satisfactory saw for cutting shapes since the narrow blade negotiates curves easily, and is held in tension. Both the handle and knob (at the other end of the blade) can be turned so that a cut can be made more or less parallel to the required cut. Obviously the blade must be free of twist when in use. It is available with blade lengths of 25 to 40 cm (10 to 16 in). Generally both hands grips the one handle, hence the bulbous shape with narrow neck, but when thick wood has to be sawn it is helpful to have a person at each side, both sides of the wood having been marked. In this way it is much easier to keep the cut square to the sides of the timber. The rivets holding the blade to the handle can be withdrawn so that the saw can be used for an internal cut, the blade being threaded through a hole drilled through the timber.A vintage bow saw used in cabinet work by a cabinet maker in the mid to later part of the 19th century probably made in England.Bow saw wooden frame and handles. Twine attached to upper section of frame.Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bow saw, carpenders tools, cabinet makers tools, wood working, wood saw

This photograph was framed and mounted then presented to the South Warrnambool school by the South Warrnambool Centenary Committee in 1977 on the school's centenary year. The school was decommissioned and closed in the 1990s. In the photograph, people unload the coal from the ship beside the Breakwater and load it into the row of tramway carts. The coal would be sold to businesses and householders for the purpose of fuel for warmth, cooking, heating water and running machinery. The image shows the early days at the Port of Warrnambool. The building of the Warrnambool Breakwater had only just been completed. Steamships and sailing ships were frequent visitors to the port. Steam Navigation companies were plentiful, carrying passengers and freighting cargo such as coal, timber, food, livestock, furniture, hardware and haberdashery between Melbourne and the ports along the southwest coast of Victoria, including Warrnambool. The carts would take their loads into the township for distribution. The ship carrying the coal is thought to be the "S.S. Chillagoe" previously named "Speculant". In 1903 the Chillagoe was registered at the Port of Melbourne, and it sailed between Melbourne and Newcastle, New South Wales, where coal was mined and sold in significant quantities. In March 1890 a tragedy occurred when coal was being unloaded at the Warrnambool Breakwater. A local young man, David Ferrier, was working in the hold of the steamship Kurrara as its delivery of coal was being unloaded. A basket of coal fell from a sling onboard and came down upon Ferrier, breaking his back. He was not expected to live. In September 1890 there was a strike of coal workers but the Geelong Advertiser reported that a Warrnambool firm of coal merchants had recently received some large cargoes from Newcastle.The photograph is historically significant as it is connected with the local areas of the Warrnambool Breakwater, Lady Bay, and the South Warrnambool Primary School. The scene shows a moment in time when a steamship was unloading a shipment of coal onto tram carts on the Breakwater, which had only just been completed that year. The photograph was taken about 13 years after the opening of the South Warrnambool School, which was decommissioned around 20 years after it celebrated its centenary.. Photograph, black and white, in a gilded rectangular wooden frame, behind glass. The maritime scene shows figures on ships beside the Warrnambool Breakwater jetty and figures on the jetty, standing next to rail carts containing coal. There is a steamship further out on Lady Bay. A card below the photograph has an inscription and there is a pencil inscription on the back of the frame. The coal ship is thought to be the SS. Chillagoe. The photograph was taken in 1890 and was presented to the South Warrnambool School in its centenary year, 1977, by the South Warrnambool Centenary Committee.Typewritten on card: "UNLOADING COAL AT WARRNAMBOOL BREAKWATER"- 1890 - "Presented to Sough Warrnambool School by the SOUTH WARRNAMBOOL CENTENARY COMMITTEE - 1977 - " Handwritten in pencil on the back:"Speculant" as "SS Chillagoe" at Breakwater"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, warrnambool breakwater, 1890, tramway, steamship, sailing ship, coal, cargo, port of warrnambool, unloading coal, chillagoe, speculant, newcastle, kurrana, david ferrier, coal strike

The SS Grace Harwar was a Finnish full-rigged iron hull (Mariehamn is the capital of the Åland Islands, an autonomous territory under Finnish sovereignty located between halfway between Finland and Sweden). She was transporting timber to Melbourne and generally loaded wheat from Geelong.The Grace Harwar was one of the last working windjammers in the 1920s-1930s. Alan Villiers, Melbourne writer and adventurer, sailed on this ship. He wrote "By Way of Cape Horn" after his harrowing experiences on board the Grace Harwar in 1929. The voyage was filmed in both movie (6,000 feet) and still form, serving as a record of significant images of that period.Postcard depicting the SS Grace Harwar crew on boardIn white pen: SS Grace Harwar - Mariehamn July 1921crew, s.s.grace harwar, mariehamn, 1921, finland, full rigged barque, windjammer, grain race, alan villiers, timber trade, crews and ships

The Victoria Education Gazette and Teachers' Aid was published for Victoria's teachers and was sent to all school on the state. In 1920 The Ballarat School of Mines had donated 136 pounds 14 shillings and 10 pence to the Victorian Education Department's War Relief Account, and the Ballarat Junior Technical School had donated 10 pounds 6 shillings and 10 pence.Ten black hard covered volumes with red tape spine, covering 1921 to 1930. The gazettes include Education Department appointments, transfers, resignations and retirements, vacancies, notices, queries, notices of books, examination papers, original articles, lesson plans, suggestions for lessons, drawing, obituaries, notes on nature study, mathematics, music, sloyd woodwork, English grammar, Victorian State School Swimming Clubs, Geography, penmanship, science, History, Latin, Geography, The School Garden, horticulture, singing, World War One; ANZAC Day, lifesaving, Astronomy, Empire Day, ANZAC Buffet London, Victorian Education Department's War Relief Fund .1) 1928. Articles include: New Caledonia, Swimming and Lifesaving, School forestry, a visit to the pyramids, Exploration of Gippsland, paul de Strezelecki, Angus McMillan, Villers Bretonneux Memorial School, American Black Walnut, Red Gum, Messmate Stringybark, The Great Barrier Reef, retirement of Frank Tate, Stawell High School, Report on Some Aspects of Education in the United States, Jubilee Education Exhibition , New School Readers; measured Drawing Images include: Macarthur Street School's Plantation, Maryborough School Plantation, Pinus Insignis (Radiata) ready for Milling, Creswick State Forest, Metalwork, Daylesford Pine Plantation four years old, Henry Harvey (art Inspector); Omeo School Endowment Plantation; Frank Tate; Stawell High School Drawings From Casts; Lake Tyers School Endowment Plantation, measured drawing, Thomas H. Stuart, GEorge Swinburne. J.R. Tantham-Fryer, Cookery Class, John Edward Thomas. .3) War Savings Stampsm Swimming and Life-saving, Teh Rural School System of Victoria, Imaginative Composition, ANZAC Day, Retardation, Teh Bright Child Hudson Hard Obituary, Leeches, Relief for Distress in Europe, Dental, Teachers' Library, History of Portarlington, J.E. Stevens Obituary, Victorian Teachers in England Images: Swimming and Life-Saving Medallion .3) Swimming and Lifesaving, Bronze medallion, Victoria Leage of Victori, War Savings Stamps, Rural School Sytem of Victoria, .4) War Relief, Talbot Colony for Epileptics Masonmeadows, Discipline New and Old (Percy Samson), Soldier teachers, Preservation of Australian Birds, Arbor Day, Jubilee of Free Education, Teaching Geography, Poery in Schools, School Committees, Shelter Pavilion, Mysia Memorial School, Clovers, Jubilee Exhibition, Domestic Arts, Louis Pasteur, .5) Victoria League of Victoria, An Endowment Scheme (Pine Plantations), School Endowment Plantations, Protecting our trees by Owen Jones,. Victorian State Schools Horticultural Society, Sloyd Woodwork, School Forestry, Thomas Brodribb Obituary and portrait, Imperial Education Conference London, school Management and Method, School plantations, Eucalypt plantations in the Bendix and Heathcote District, Junior Red Cross, Jubilee Education Exhibition, Gould League Competitions, handwriting, The School Magazine, Frank Tate in London, Victorian beetles, Council of Public Education, Villers Bretonneux and its new School, Death of Samuel Summons, Woodwork Summer School, Swimming, Japanese Relief Fund, Retirement of John Cross, reminiscences of the Late Mr Albert Mattingley .6) Thomas H. Trengrove and the Villers Bretonneux School hall and pilaster carvings, forestry, visit of Maryborough teachers to Ballarat Water Reserves, noxious weeds, relief for Distressed Europe, The Dalton Plan, Empire Day, Retirement of Mr Fussell, Centenary of Hume and Hovell Expedition, League of Kindness, Effective Nature Study in a Rural School, Some Facts About Paper and their Bearing Upon School Plantations, Council of the Working Men's College Melbourne, Maria Montessori, University Vacation School, Horticulture in State Schools, An Informal Chat About French Schools (C.R. McRae), The Vacation School, Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Inspector's Report on a 5th-class School, Can Children Write Verse, John Adams, Victoria League of Victoria, R.F. Toutcher, Sir James Barbie's Address to High-School Girls, Impressions of a High School Teacher Abroad (R.D. Collman), The Spirit of the School Plantation Scheme, Monument of the Late Mr and Mrs A.T. Sharp at Box Hill Cemetery, The Teaching of Geography, The Treatment of Poetry in Class, Two Difficult Arithmetic Lessons, Location of Principal Australian Timbers, Dr John Smyth, Stammering and its Influence on Education, Wireless Broadcasting as an Educational Medium, Boys School at Villers Brettonneux, The New School at Villers Brettonneux, Bird Day, Messmate or Stringybark, What Every Woman Knows, Director's Report on Denmark .7)1925 . Includes: School Forestry, horticulture, J.H. Betheras retirement, Ivanhoe School, Coburg School, Moorabool Junior Technical School, Villers Bretonneux School hall and pilaster carvings, Francis Ormond, William Charles Kernot, Corsican Pnes at Creswick, Ballarat High School Plantation, Workin Men's College, RMIT, Naorrow LEafed Peppermint, Education and World Peace, Eucalypts of Victoria, John C. Eccles, Blue Gum. Manners, Giving the Poorly Nourished Boy A Chance, Native Ferns, Marybourough Technical School, Memorial School at Villers-Brettonneux .8) Experimental Plots in Country Schools (W.W. Gay), Villers Bretonneaux and its Memorial School. nominated classes for Art Teachers, The Teachers Act 1925, Horsham High School, Richmond Technical School, Farewell to Messrs C.R. Long and Ponsonby Carew-Smyth, Frank Tate, Phyiscal Training, Arbor Day, ANZAC Day, Shakespeare Day,Bendigo Junior Techncial School, Musical Appreciation, Motor Dental Unit, School Camps, Education Act of 1872: Mr Angus McKay's Part (George Mackay), A Bush Fire Experience (Irene Stable), Black Sunday, Californian Red Pine, Women's Education in America, Farewell to Lord and Lady Stradbroke, Grevilia Robusta, Silky Oak, Redwood, John E. Grant, The Need for Research (Donald Clark), Junior Drama, Ida D. Marshall, John Pounds, Australian Books, Fish Creek School, State Boundaries, History in the Curriculum, Ceramic Art in Australia (Percy E. Everett), Choice of School Songs, Tasmanian Beech, Should History be Taught on a National or an International Basis, Hydatid Disease, James Holland Obituary, Florrie Hodges, Queensland Maple, Post Bushfire Ruins at Fumina, Arbor Day at Fumina, Queensland Rosewood, Omeo Endowment Plantation, Bird Day, Junior Red Cross, Pioneers' Day, Edward Henty, Junior Technical Schools, Yellow Pine, History and Progress of Needlework, A.B.C. of Astronomy, Northumberland Mental tests, Queensland Red Cedar, Teh Globe Theatre, .9) 1927 includes The ABC of Astronomy, Atr Theatre, English Beech, Angus McMillan Art Pottery, School Singing, State Schools' Nursery, School endowment plantations, Making a Man, experimental proof of Charles's Law, John Smyth obituary and portrait, Linton Pine Planation, motivation of arithmetic, Women's Classes at Dookie, Swimming and Lifesaving, Pioneers Day, Drawing, Ballarat High School planation, biting fly, Tir-Na-N'og, John Byatt retirement and portrait, Technical Schools Conference at Daylesford, Ethel Osborne and portrait, library. Francis Thompson portrait, Adam Lindsay Gordon, Solar movement, motor transport, Liverpool Cathedral, Teh Story of the Cathedral, Bendigo School of Mines, Omeo School pine plantation, Egypt and the Nile, Self-Criticism Images include Ballarat High School Pine Plantation, Vale Park, Francis Ormond, Woking Men's College (RMIT), W.N. Kernot, A Stand of Corsican Pines at Creswick, Victoria .10) Some Remarks on the Relationship of the technical Schools to the University (Donald Clark) , Present Day Education in England , Memorial to Joseph Cornwall, Spelling, motivation, Singing, State Scholarships, Agriculture, T.W. Bothroyd, The Swimmer - A Summer School Sketch (H.H. Croll), Swimming woodwork, Farewell to Dr Sutton. ,Drowning, War Savings Movement, White Beech. George S. Browne , Example of School Honor Book, Blackwood, Optimistic teacher, Soldier settlement around Shapparton, Oral Hygiene, Cinema Machines, Basketball, Wakter M. Camble obituary, ANZAC day Pilgrimage in England, Froebel's System, Montessori Method, War Relief Fund, New Zealand Kauri Tree, Bat Tenis at a Bush School., Advice to Australian Girls, Chrysanthemums, Royal Visit, National Parks of Victoria, Maurice Copland Obituary, total eclipse of the Moon, School libraries, The teacher and the COmmunity (A.M. Barry), The Reading Lesson, Swimming and Life-saving, MElbourne Teachers' College War Memorial Windows Old Trainees War Memorial, Cultivating a Natinoal Art education gazette, school, education, teaching, teacher, world war one, school plantations, macarthur street pine plantation, school forestry, creswick state forest, anzac day, armistance celebrations, frank tate, frank tate retirement, drawing from cast, education department school readers, lake tyers pine plantation, w.n. kernot, rmit, working men's college, francis ormond, pine plantations, calenbeem park, creswick, villers-brettonneux school hall and carvings, thomas trengrove, corsican pines, creswick, pine endowment plantations, mccarthur st primary school pine plantation, ballarat high school pine plantation, vale park, mount pleasant primary school pine plantation, golden point pine plantation, angus macmillan, paul de strzelecki, gippsland, villers-bretonneaux memorial school, francis thompson, english ash, pestalozzi centenary, shakespeare day, swimming classes, clear pine, cinema in education, american black walnut, red gum, thomas wolliam bothroyd obituary, and portrait, physical training displays, teaching of spelling, ohm's law, blue gum

A wooden Mallet could be found in most homes, and nearly all tradesmans tool box or bag, its most common use was working with wooden handled wood Chisels, because they did not damage the end of the chisel like a steel headed hammer,also they were used to fit joints of wood together as they would not damage the timber like steel hammers......Wooden mallets were also used by stone masons back to the time of the pyramids, but they were usually shaped differentlyWooden Mallet A handmade wooden mallet with a handle with a rectangular head. Carved ET on sidewood, mallet, tradesman, carpenter, cabinet maker

The Orsat was returned to the Historical Collection by Len Taylor, former staff member of SMB. For a period of time it was with Gary Price who rebuilt the Orsat to working order. Gary used a similar apparatus at Sidchrome and Ballarat Heat Treatment Pty. The Orsat apparatus is used to measure volumes of Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, and Carbon Monoxide within a fixed volume of a sample of gas.Timber box with lift up front revealing a number of valves, pressure measure and glass container of red liquid attached to hose. Gas analysis apparatusorsat, len taylor, gary price, carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, gas, measure, apparatus

The Senior Technical Schools Athletics Association ‘Herald Shield’ is one of many timber and metal repoussé commissions undertaken by students and staff at the Ballarat Technical Art School. The School was known for the quality of its art metal work which was applied to product, interior and commemorative designs. Between 1915 and 1936 Wilfred Kenneth (c1883-1957) taught boys and girls at preparatory and senior levels, including the ‘Art Metal Work and Repoussé’ industrial design specialisation. During World War I, Kenneth oversaw the training of repatriated soldiers which catalysed into a new, a successful art metal business, the Decorative Metal Craft Company in Chancery Lane, Ballarat. The shield was given by the proprietors of The Herald.Timber and metal repousse shield listing winning teams from 1918-1940. 1918 - Ballarat 1919 - Ballarat 1920 - Working Men's College Melbourne (now RMIT) 1921 - No contest 1922 - Swinburne 1923 - Ballarat 1924 - Ballarat 1925 - Ballarat 1926 - Ballarat 1927 - Geelong 1928 - Maryborough 1929 - Bendigo 1930 - Bendigo 1931 - Working Man's College 1932 - Wonthaggi 1933 - M.T.C. 1934 - Ballarat 1935 - Ballarat 1936 - Ballarat 1937 - No Contest 1938 - Ballarat 1939 - Ballarat 1940 - Geelong Above list engraved into metalherald shield, athletics, working mans college, rmit, ballarat school of mines, trophy, commission, art metal, repousse, ballarat technical art school, wilfred kenneth

The artist’s comment on her work: “The Rowitta”, Flagstaff Hill. Warrnambool: "This boat was the venue for our daughter’s Wedding. The pastel work was undertaken after a beautiful day at Flagstaff Hill in 2012. I enjoyed working with the shadows and the foliage. Carmel Beavis” The popular steam ferry Rowitta is featured in this pastel picture on canvas by local artist Carmel Beavis. The iconic Norfolk pines stand tall against a blue sky, while colourful reflections shimmer in Flagstaff Hill’s harbour. The historic lifeboat “Warrnambool” is dwarfed by Rowitta’s size. Carmel’s daughter celebrated her wedding on board the Rowitta, which had been a very popular exhibit visitors for around forty years. This picture is one of several that were created by Carmel for her family and friends as a memento of the wedding and a way to keep the memory of Rowitta alive. Some of Carmel’s other works illustrate Flagstaff Hill’s 2017 publication “Tearooms Cookbook”. Some of Carmel’s paintings featured in the Tearooms Cookbook, produced around 2017 for fundraising for Flagstaff Hill. The Rowitta was a timber steam ferry built in Hobart in 1909 using planks of Huon and Karri wood. She was a favourite of sightseeing passengers along Tasmania’s Tamar and Derwent rivers for 30 years. Rowitta was also known as Tarkarri and Sorrentoand had worked as a coastal trading vessel between Devonport and Melbourne as well as along the southern coast of Australia. In 1974 Rowitta was purchased by Flagstaff Hilt to convert into a representation of the Speculant, a historic and locally significant sailing ship listed on the Victorian Heritage Database. (The Speculant was built in Scotland in 1895 and traded timber between the United Kingdom and Russia. Warrnambool’s P J McGennan & Co. then bought her to trade pine timber from New Zealand to Victorian ports and cargo to Melbourne. She was the largest ship ever registered with Warrnambool as her home port, playing a key role in the early 1900s in the Port of Warrnambool. In 1911, on her way to Melbourne, she was wrecked near Cape Otway. None of the nine crew lost their lives.) The promised funds for converting Rowitta into the Speculant were no longer available, so she was restored back to her original configuration. She represented the importance of coastal traders to transport, trade and communication in Australia times before rail and motor vehicles. Sadly, in 2015 the time had come to demolish the Rowitta due to her excessive deterioration and the high cost of on-going repairs. She had given over 100 years of service and pleasure to those who knew her. Early in 2019 Carmel gifted this picture to her friend Shirley Lindsay, who had been President of Wadas Artist Society. A few months later Shirley and her husband John (founding Director of Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village) thought the picture would be appropriate to Flagstaff Hill and presented it with pleasure to the Friends of Flagstaff Hill group later that year.The Rowitta represents the importance of coastal traders to transport, trade and communication in Australia before rail and motor vehicles. The painting is also significant as a record of an exhibit at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village from is early beginnings. The painting is locally significant for being connected to a local and well known artist Carmel Beavis.Picture, coloured pastel work on canvas in timber frame behind glass. The artist, Carmel Beavis, depicts the steam boat “Rowitta” moored beside the historic lifeboat “Warrnambool” on the lake at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The Rowitta is reflected in the water. The background includes the iconic Norfolk Pine trees. The work was framed by Warrnambool Picture Framing & Gallery in 2012.Signed on front, bottom left “C.L. Beavis”. Artist’s printed label on reverse “The Rowitta, Flagstaff Hill. Warrnambool: / This boat was the venue for our daughter’s / Wedding. / The pastel work was undertaken after a/ Beautiful day at Flagstaff Hill in 2012. / I enjoyed working with the shadows and / The foliage. / Carmel Beavis / Warrnambool. VIC. 3280. / Telephone (03) 5562 1806. / Price: $” Handwritten on artist’s label “250.00” Framer’s printed label “Warrnambool / Picture Framing / & Gallery / 42 Kepler St, Warrnambool 3280 03 5561 5722 / www.wboolframing.com.au” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, picture, pastel, carmel beavis, rowitta steam boat, warrnambool picture framer & gallery, wedding on the rowitta, the rowitta, tearooms cookbook, hobart steam ferry rowitta 1909, tarkarri, speculant, coastal trading vessel, p j mcgennan & co, peter mcgennan, sorrento

This gauge was used in the making of components for the ship model Sovereign of the Seas. It is part of a collection of objects used by Jim Williams, maker of fine ship models from about 1930-1955. Most of the components for the models, as well as many of the tools, were handmade by Jim Williams. Jim’s family has donated the ship model “Sovereign of the Seas” and many tools, accessories and documents used in the making of this and other ship models have been donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. Ship model of HMS Sovereign of the Seas, scale model of 17th Century English war ship, was handmade and carved from plans, enclosed in airtight glass case. All components of that model, including even the smallest pulleys, were hand crafted using tools designed and made by Jim. Outstanding details include functional rigging and moving cannons. Please see our record 3732 of the mode Sovereign of the Seas for further details of the ship and the maker. This gauge is connected with the hobby and skill of ship model making that has been crafted as a leisure activity for many generations. The hobby is often chosen by serving and retired mariners who appreciate the connection with maritime history. This gauge was used by local Warrnambool man, Jim Williams, who was employed at Cramond and Dickson clothing store, and then at Fletcher Jones menswear for 27 years. It was used in making components for the model of the historic ship, the Sovereign of the Seas. The Sovereign of the Seas was a historic 17th century English war ship with important maritime heritage. Gauge; marking gauge, wooden. Wooden handle threaded through hole in wooden block, adjusted along the handle by tightening a wing-nut screw. The end of the handle has a pointed pin fitted for scoring a mark on the work surface to mark timber before cutting. This gauge is part of a collection of tools and accessories once used by Jim Williams, maker of a series of ship models 1930-1955 including “HMS Sovereign of the Seas”.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, jim williams, james bernard williams, ship model hobby, ship model tools, ship model making equipment, ship model making accessories, wood working tool, model making tool, drawing instrument, gauge, tool, sovereign of the sea, ship model, hobby, ship model tool

This Bodmann mitre saw set was used in the making of components for the ship model Sovereign of the Seas. It is part of a collection of objects used by Jim Williams, maker of fine ship models from about 1930-1955. Most of the components for the models, as well as many of the tools, were handmade by Jim Williams. Jim’s family has donated the ship model “Sovereign of the Seas” and many tools, accessories and documents used in the making of this and other ship models have been donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. ABOUT the BRAND NAME ON THE SAW - BODMANN and CO, Germany In 1927 the Brisbane Courier Mail described Bodmann and Co of Reinscheid, Germany as "manufacturers of guaranteed tools and hardware. It appears that at least the saw has been re-badges and sold by Bodmann because (1) there are remnants of a label on the saw blade similar in shape to the Bodmann label on the mitre set (2) the removed label reveals the name and logo of "ULMIA Schutz OTT Marke" (3) one of the "Bodmann" labels on the saw handle has been applied in a crooked manner, almost leaving off the last "N". ULMIA is a German manufacturer of high quality woodworking tools. A drawing of a very similar mitre bset with saw can be seen on the ULMIA website. In 2002 the long established company ANKE of Swabian Alb, Germany (makers of cut timber, workbenches and countertops) bought out the name and trademark rights of ULMIA. HISTORY OF SOVEREIGN OF THE SEA (brief) Ship model of HMS Sovereign of the Seas, scale model of 17th Century English war ship, was handmade and carved from plans, enclosed in airtight glass case. All components of that model, including even the smallest pulleys, were hand crafted using tools designed and made by Jim. Outstanding details include functional rigging and moving cannons. Please see our record 3732 of the mode Sovereign of the Seas for further details of the ship and the Jim Williams. This mitre saw set is connected with the hobby and skill of ship model making that has been crafted as a leisure activity for many generations. The hobby is often chosen by serving and retired mariners who appreciate the connection with maritime history. This mitre saw set was used by local Warrnambool man, Jim Williams, who was employed at Cramond and Dickson clothing store, and then at Fletcher Jones menswear for 27 years. It was used in making components for the model of the historic ship, the Sovereign of the Seas. The Sovereign of the Seas was a historic 17th century English war ship with important maritime heritage. Bodmann Mitre Saw set model 348, comprising metal, adjustable mitre saw on timber stand, and metal hand saw with Bakelite handle. The mitre saw is labelled with the trademark of Bodmann, Germany, and stamped with the model number 348. The saw has Bodmann trademark badges on each side of the handle; the text on one of these badges is not quite aligned. The saw blade has remnants of a label under which the stamped logo of ULMIA Schutz OTT Marke is clearly visible. Saw is fitted with two metal guides that slide onto vertical posts on the mitre saw. Metal measuring guide holds the wood job to the correct length. Saw has a protective brown paper wrapper. This mitre saw set is part of a collection of tools and accessories once used by Jim Williams, maker of a series of ship models 1930-1955 including “HMS Sovereign of the Seas”.On mitre saw- 2x logos "REGISTERED / BODMANN / TRADE MARK" and embedded stamp “348”. On saw - Remnant of logo on blade “ULMIA Schutz OTT Marke” with image of a church-like tall building, and 2x , "BEST QUALITY / BODMANN / MADE IN GERMANY” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, jim williams, james bernard williams, ship model hobby, ship model tools, ship model making equipment, ship model making accessories, wood working tool, model making tool, mitre box set, mitre saw, bodmann and co reinscheid, germany, ulna ott of of swabian alb, germany, anke of swabian alb, germany, sovereign of the sea, ship model, hobby, ship model tool, mitre saw set

A Jack plane is used for smoothing timber that is used in the manufacture of furniture or other wooden objects. Traditionally, smoothing planes were blocks of wear-resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to smooth or even out timber. The blade or iron was likewise secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding and smoothing planes for the full range of work to be performed. Company History: The firm of Alexander Mathieson & Sons was one of the leading makers of hand tools in Scotland. Its success went hand in hand with the growth of the shipbuilding industries on the Firth of Clyde in the nineteenth century and the emergence of Glasgow regarded as the "second city of the Empire". It also reflected the firm's skill in responding to an unprecedented demand for quality tools by shipyards, cooperage's and other industries, both locally and far and wide. The year 1792 was deemed by the firm to be that of its foundation it was in all likelihood the year in which John Manners had set up his plane-making workshop on Saracen Lane off the Gallowgate in the heart of Glasgow, not far from the Saracen's Head Inn, where Dr Johnson and James Boswell had stayed on their tour of Scotland in 1773. Alexander Mathieson (1797–1851) is recorded in 1822 as a plane-maker at 25 Gallowgate, but in the following year at 14 Saracen's Lane, presumably having taken over the premises of John Manners. The 1841 national census described Alexander Mathieson as a master plane-maker at 38 Saracen Lane with his son Thomas Adam working as a journeyman plane-maker. In 1849 the firm of James & William Stewart at 65 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh was taken over and Thomas was put in charge of the business, trading under the name Thomas A. Mathieson & Co. as plane and edge-tool makers. Thomas's company acquired the Edinburgh edge-tool makers Charles & Hugh McPherson and took over their premises in Gilmore Street. The Edinburgh directory of 1856/7 the business is recorded as being Alexander Mathieson & Son, plane and edge-tool makers at 48 Nicolson Street and Paul's Work, Gilmore Street. The 1851 census records indicate that Alexander was working as a tool and plane-maker employing eight men. Later that year Alexander died and his son Thomas took over the business. Under the heading of an edge-tool maker in the 1852/3 (Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory) the firm is now listed as Alexander Mathieson & Son. By the early 1850s, the business had moved to 24 Saracen Lane. The directory for 1857/8 records that the firm had moved again only a few years later to East Campbell Street, also off the Gallowgate, and that through further diversification was also manufacturing coopers' and tinmen's tools. The ten-yearly censuses log the firm's growth and in 1861 Thomas was a tool manufacturer employing 95 men and 30 boys; in 1871 he had 200 men working for him and in 1881 300 men. By 1899 the firm had been incorporated as Alexander Mathieson & Sons Ltd, even though only Alexander's son Thomas appears ever to have joined the firm. A vintage tool made by a well-known firm made for other firms and individuals that worked in wood. The tool was used for the smoothing of a piece of timber that was then used in some form of cabinet manufacture or wood working. A significant item from the mid to late 19th century that today is sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture was made predominately by hand and with tools that were themselves hand made. Jack Plane; a wooden smoothing plane, made by Alex Mathieson & Son, Glasgow. Plane has inscriptions."Alex Mathieson & Son Glasgow" Stamped "GN" inside with a "W" on endflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, jack plane, smoothing plane, woodworking tool, woodwork, cabinet making

A smoothing plane used for making a flat and smooth finish to timber items predominantly used in furniture or cabinet work or other wooden objects. Traditionally, planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile or a flat and smooth finish with the blade secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of smoothing and moulding planes for the full range of work to be performed. For example large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other worker to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it. All we known about George Davis is he and his successors made planes in Birmingham, England, from about 1821 to 1876. There are many of his tools including smoothing and decorative moulding planes of all sizes and designs for sale around the world and that his wood working planes are well sought after by collectors of vintage tools. A vintage tool made by a known maker, this item was made commercially for firms and individuals who worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a smooth finish to timber. These types of planes came in various shapes and sizes to achieve the required finish. This item is a significant tool from the mid to late 19th century that today is quite rare and sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Smoothing plane known as a coffin plane due to it's shapeStamped GM inside W (owner) maker possibly G Davisflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, plane, moulding, single bead reeding plane

This photograph shows the relationship between the farmer and his working animal, which is a close one. Farmers in years gone by depended on reliable and strong animals to allow them to work their land efficiently. The close relationship is indicated by the photograph's title, the name of the horse 'Duke'. The horse in this photograph is a Clydesdale cross named "Duke" that pulled a market wagon around Flagstaff Hill from the mid-1980's to the early-1990's, providing rides for visiting children and carting goods and equipment around the Village. Duke is pictured with his owner Pat McGowan. Duke passed away in August 1992. In October 1992 funds were raised by the community to purchase another Clydesdale named Duke began working at Flagstaff Hill under Pat McGowan's care.This photograph of man, horse and plough shows the typical farming method used by early settlers in Victoria in the 19th and early 20th century. The photograph is an indication of the respect the farmer had for his working animals.Photograph, black and white, behind glass in timber frame with gilt inner border. Subject is working horse pulling a wooden plough, guided by a man. There is turned soil behind the horse. The name "Duke" is in gold paint script below the photograph.Script "Duke"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, farm animal, horse and plough, hand plough, horse drawn plough, working horse, duke, duke the horse, early farming, early settler, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, attraction, clydesdale cross, clydesdale, rides, market wagon, pat, pat mcgowan

The original small, pioneer cottage was built in the late 1840s to early1850s, by an unknown pioneer. It was located on part of a 30 Acre allotment that was originally part of Dendy’s Special Survey granted in 1841. The doors and window sashes, (made of red deal joinery timber), as well as the brass locks and fittings, are from the original cottage, and were imported from England. The fire-place bricks are from the original cottage, and are sun-dried, (not kiln fired), and are hand-made. Convict marks can be seen on two bricks. There is a small display of external cladding shingles from the original pioneer cottage. These shingles were hand-split, and most likely made from locally collected timber The nails included in this display were used to fasten the shingles on the original cottage, and are also hand-made. The cottage was occupied by William Box and family from 1865 until 1914 when it was sold to William Reitman who resided there until 1950. The enamel nameplate, “Colonial”, on the wall of the cottage, was the name chosen for the original pioneer cottage by Mr William Reitman, when he purchased the property in around 1915, for 1200 Pounds approximately. In 1974 Mr Lewis, a timber specialist, found the dilapidated building on property he had recently purchased in Jasper Rd and suggested it be reconstructed and relocated. Moorabbin Council agreed and the cottage was rebuilt just about 250 metres from its original site. The cost of the rebuild was met by 'Victoria's 150th Committee, plus a small grant from the City of Moorabbin, and Mr Laurie Lewis donated much of the timber for the reconstruction. The re-constructed cottage plan has followed faithfully the original dimensions, and plan of the original pioneer cottage, and as many original items from that cottage’s long occupation have been incorporated. The photographs in Album 1 record the progress of the reconstruction from February 1984 to the First Public Open Day November 18th 1984The Moorabbin Standard was the local newspaper for the City of Moorabbin during the 20thCentury until it was absorbed into The Leader Newspaper Group Pty Ltd. This article shows the builder Mr Arthur Smith working on the roof shingles during the reconstruction of Box Cottage in Joyce Park Ormond May 1984. Mrs H. Deam and Mr A. Smith, CMHS members,kept this article to record the progress of the ‘Reconstruction’ from February 1984 to November 1984. A Moorabbin Standard Newspaper article, May 9th 1984, with 2 x black and white photographs of the builder, Mr Arthur Smith, working on the Roof shingles during the reconstruction of Box Cottage in Joyce Park , Ormond. Written on article ; Moorabbin Standard, May 9th Wed. 1984brighton, moorabbin, highett, ormond, mckinnon, cottages, pioneers, colonial, dendy henry, box william, box elizabeth, reitman william, convicts lewis timber co. ltd., deam h, smith arthur, museums, box alonzo, moody & smith builders highett, the moorabbin standard newspaper, the leader newspaper pty ltd.,