This was thew first "ground up" redesign of the Holden line since the original release in 1948, and included an all new body suspension and chasis and upgraded brakesMade by General Motors Holden in 1971, a total redesign from the "ground up"4 Door HQ Kingswood sedan Burgundy body with white roof.Holden Lion and rock emblem center of Grille, Kingswood, Trimatic, 202 badges on boot lid Kingswood badges both front mud guards Registered number 63461-Hvechile, hq holden kingswood, car

Police close an illegal brothel at 68c South Parade, Blackburn which has been trading as 'Body Health Treatment'.Police close an illegal brothel at 68c South Parade, Blackburn.brothel, blackburn station shopping centre, southparade, blackburn no.68c

1912 Talbot ambulance, 12 horsepower Clement Talbot engine. Vehicle body chassis and engine are original. Rear body is a replica 1914-18 ambulance. The vehicle was used in the filming of "Anzacs" feature film.Four-wheeled motor vehicle used as ambulance. Body painted Khaki green. Canvas hood and Red Cross symbol on side of hood. No 10914 appears on the side of engine compartment.talbot, ambulance, motor vehicle, clement talbot engine, first world war

1950s. Keeps boiling and doesn't turn off automatically.Used by a resident of the Kiewa Valley Yellowish cream ceramic body of jug with black bakelite hinged lid. One end is a spout and the other the plug and handle. The cord is brown and white and of medium length. It has a thermostat.Printed on the Base: 240V - 1650W / Model No EEJ I-AC only / App. No. N550 / Jug Body by / Fowler Ware.electric jug, fowlers ware

This bottle was used in the pharmacy of Harry London of Warrnambool. Born in England, Harry London arrived in Victoria in 1883 and worked as a chemist in Ballarat and Euroa. In 1891 he went back to England where he studied dentistry. In 1891 he came to Warrnambool where he bought the pharmacy business of the late William Nettleton. He occupied the Nettleton building in Liebig Street (95 Liebig Street today) until 1896 when he erected new premises at the south west corner of Liebig and Koroit Streets. At that time he was the only chemist in Warrnambool using a Pasteur filter for water to make up his medicines. In his dentistry business he used gas, chloroform and cocaine as anaesthetics. The making of dentures was his speciality. In 1904 he was the owner of the only set of Rontgen X Ray apparatus in Warrnambool. In 1905 his shop was the first in Warrnambool to have electric lighting installed. This item is a valuable one as it has local provenance. It came from the pharmacy business of Harry London, a prominent Warrnambool chemist in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Harry London mementoes such as this are comparatively rare. This is a chemist’s glass bottle with a rectangular body, a circular neck and a rounded top. There is no stopper and the bottle is empty. The top has a small chip. The name of the chemist is embossed on the front of the bottle in an indented section of the glass. The bottle is slightly scratched and discoloured from the original contents. On front of bottle: ‘H. London Chemist & Dentist Warrnambool’ On base: ‘M’ On the body of the bottle: ‘31’ harry london, chemist, warrnambool chemists, history of warrnambool

This hearse was produced by General Motors in 1966 as a Station Wagon. After major modifications were carried out to extend the body to enable the coffin to be placed into the back of the vehicle. Interestingly to note that the vehicle, on a delivery to Traralgon, was involved in an accident in the Haunted Hills near Moe, the next town to Moe. This hearse spent most of its life servicing the Traralgon Township and was subsequently purchased and restored and sold to the museum. The vehicle has special significance in that it is an extremely well presented Holden Hearse that was formally modified after manufacture .There were very few Holden Hearses used in Australia and good examples are difficult to find.Black extended body 3 door hearse.Registration plate STIFHR1966 hearse, vehicle, holden, car

The HD range replaced the Holden EH series which had been in production since 1963. The HD had a completely new body, which was wider and longer than that of the EH and offered significant increases in passenger space, load space and equipment level. Body styling exhibited strong similarities to Vauxhall's FC Victor of the previous year, including that car's unusual concave rear window. Disc brakes were offered for the first time on a Holden mode and the optional Hydramatic three–speed automatic transmission as used in the EH was replaced by a Powerglide two– speed unit. Three versions of the inline six cylinder Holden Red motor were available. The 100 bhp 149 cu in (2.4 L) six was standard in all models except the Premiers and a 115 bhp 179 cu in (2.9 L) six was standard on Premiers and optional on all other models.[Blue body with white roof , 4 door HD sedan. 63457-H179 Badge on boot Holden across boot lidvehicle, holden, 1965, car

WW2 Mills Bomb (Hand Grenade M36.WW2 Hand Grenade used by Australia and Commonwealth Countries.Segmented Cast Iron body with lever (now softened) and with Safety Pin and Ring. Firing Pin in position with heat softened firing pin spring. Non regulation filler screw fitted. The Grenade has been totally burnt out, there is no Base Plug and no Firing Pin/Fuse Holder assembly.The body is marked R B D which stands for R.B.Davies the lever is marked the same.

Standard Australian Army servicemans metal pocket knife with three folding implements. It has a single edge knife blade, a can and bottle opener and a marlin spike all hinged to fold away into the knife body. One end of the knife is equipped with a screwdriver blade stub. The other end is equipped with a pivoting copper suspension loop. The body of the knife is stamped with the manufacturer's details, which includes a description of the style of knife as an 'opener', patent number '15737' and a 'D^D' stamp. This knife is wrapped in a waxed piece of paper printed with the instructions for using the can opener blade.The body of the knife is stamped with the following inscription "WITTINGSLOWE, OPENER, ADELAIDE, PAT.APPLN 15737" and a 'D^D' stamp.vietnam, australian, army, pocket knife, opener

An educational tool for the study of the human body. Prior to digital pictures - wall charts were used.Used as a teaching aid in the Kiewa Valley before digitisation15 sheets held together by red very thick cardboard with string for hanging attached. For educating people on the human body by displaying on the wall.first aid, education, anatomy, wall charts, health

Black and white photograph, of the unloading of the body of Horse Tram No. 1 at the rear of the depot, on Fri. 13 December 1985. Garry Wood assisting with the body, Barry James tractor crane. Body is being positioned onto the remains of a ex Melbourne cable tram truck, just to the right of the photo. See also item 736 for vertical format photo.On rear of photo: Black ink on top of photo "Swinging No. 1's body onto cable trailer 88's unrebuilt truck / 13.12.85". On bottom edge "Dave Macartney" Pasted in the middle of the photo is a printed caption, same words as for top line, but with date detailed out.trams, tramways, horse tram no. 1, btps, tramcars, unloading trams , tram 1

Side Tipping Timber Skip Wooden Contractors Wagon. Gauge 17 inch (430mm) Typical of the many side tipping wagons used for soil and rock disposal in construction work and mining throughout Australia and the world. The wagon would be loaded with soil and pushed along a short line to the end of track where the load would be emptied out to either side. By using a central pivot the wagon’s body can be tipped either side to allow the contents to be easily removed ready for the next load.Historic - Industrial Narrow Gauge RailwayWooden bodied, steel framed side tipping skip.puffing billy, side tipping skip, industrial narrow gauge railway

The clear, green tinged bottle with lip, collar and high shoulder, has raised embossed information on the body indicating that this is an Irish whiskey bottle from Mitchell & Co., of Belfast. It formerly had a cork stopper. The Kiewa Valley Historical Society has one of the same bottles in its collection and estimates its date of manufacture to be the 1890s.Whatever their provenance, they have an association with an event or activity on Gabo Island and for this reason have second level contributory significance for their potential to yield information relating to the cultural history of the lightstation.Clear green glass bottle, narrow neck, rounded shoulders of body of bottle."Irish Whiskey / Mitchell & Co of Belfast Ltd" Trade mark picture of crown on front.

Possibly acquired by seafarer Mr Arthur Dixon who served in WW2 merchant vessels. The origin of the lighters appears to be Austria and could have been acquired either during or post his war service. Initial research indicates an approximate date of 1950s for date of manufacture.See Donor details 1727-1737.2 Small, cylindrical, fluted, polished, stainless steel cigarette lighters, with flint action. Includes a flint gauge in the ignition unit. Runs on lighter fuel, with inbuilt wick. Accompanying bronze coloured metal case of flints. Manufacturer name embossed on body. Lid incised with cylindrical grip of 4 ridges. Lighter1: PATENT/BORA/EXTRA/MADE IN/AUSTRIA (stamped alongside body of lighter) Lighter2: PATENT/Made/in/Austria/902. At right angles at base of lighter, REL Flints: Thorens (stamped in brand name logo style on body at right angle to lid)cigarette lighters, smoking accessories, arthur dixon, bora cigarette lighter, arthur oswald dixon, sailors, seafarers, seamen, officers, smoking, lighters, bora

Demonstrates the method of delivery of a tramcar body for Geelong from the railway station using a horse drawn jinker with the horse driver standing in the same location as a tram driver would have. Tramcar built by Pengelley of Adelaide. The tramcar bodies were delivered during 1924 and 1925.Yields information about the Pengelly built tramcars for Geelong c1924 and how tramcar bodies could be transported using a horse drawn jinker. At the time, the Geelong tram system operated by the Melbourne Electric Supply Co.Copy photograph on black plastic type backing with black edges of a Pengelley Adelaide built tramcar body for the Geelong tramway system being delivered 1924, from the Geelong Railway station.geelong, tramways, pengelley, tram bodies, horse drawn jinker

This handmade black glass bottle was recovered between the late 1960s to early 1970s from the wreck of the sailing ship Loch Ard. The ship was wrecked in 1878 and its remains are located at Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell, Victoria and bottles of liquor were listed as part of the Loch Ard’s cargo. This bottle is now part of the John Chance collection. Black glass is one of the oldest bottle colours and dates back to the early 17th century. In the 1840s to late-1870s black glass bottles were mainly used for liquor and ale. All glass is made from silica, which is found in quartz sand. The naturally occurring sand has impurities, such as iron, that determine the colour of the glass. Residual iron leads to green or amber coloured glass, and carbon in the sand makes that glass appear as ‘black’. A strong light behind the glass will show its colour as dark green or dark amber. This handmade bottle appears to have been made in a dip mould, with the molten glass blown into a seamless shoulder-height mould to give the body a uniform symmetrical shape and size. After the body is blown, the glass blower continues blowing free-form (without the mould) to form the shoulder and neck, then the base is pushed up with a tool, and the finish for the mouth is added with his tools. The dip mould gives the body a slightly textured surface, with the free blown shoulders and neck being smoother and shinier. There is usually a line around the shoulder where the mould of the body meets the shoulder, and a lump or mark in the centre of the base, called a pontil mark, where the push-up tool was removed. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This bottle is historically significant as an example of liquor bottles imported into to Colonial Victoria in the mid-1800s to early-1900s. Its significance is increased by also being an artefact recovered by John Chance, a diver from the wreck of the Loch Ard and other wrecks in the late-1960s to early-1970s. Items that come from several wrecks along Victoria's coast have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value. The bottle is also significant for being part of Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Loch Ard, which is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. The collection is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417. The collection has additional significance because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Loch Ard. The Loch Ard collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The Loch Ard collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The shipwreck is one of the worst, and best known, shipwrecks in Victoria’s history.Bottle, black glass. Thick matt body, with slightly bumpy texture, areas with sheen, colour imperfections. Mouth has cork seal. Tooled cork-top finish with ring below, slightly bulged neck. Shoulder a line where shoulder meets body. Body tapers inwards to base. Heel varies in width. Pushed up base has pontil mark. White discolouration in a narrow line down the body. Handmade, dip mould. No inscriptions.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, loch ard, mutton bird island, eva carmichael, tom pearce, john chance, bottle, black glass, antique bottle, bulge neck bottle, handmade, dip mould, mouth blown, pontil base, blown bottle, liquor bottle, ale bottle

Set of four colour prints of an Ex Victorian Railways bogie tram body at Sloan NSW. Photo by Norm Cross, printed on AGFA paper. Photo dated 1/1/1994. Advised by Tony Smith - 29/3/2017 "The tram in question is VR 39. It was one of the last 4 trams disposed of from Elwood depot in 1959 after the system closed. They were purchased complete by Upton's machinery dealers of Corowa. The other cars were 29, 33 & 37. He then stripped them and sold the bodies. When we obtained VR 41 in 1977 we immediately went searching for other bodies that might yield parts to help in rebuilding 41. We located 37 on the outskirts of Wangaratta and it yielded many body items including a complete drivers bulkhead that was used to replace the one in VR 41 that had been cut out with an axle by the previous owner. You may also recall that we obtained 3 complete broad gauge 77e trucks from Upton's (they had cut up the other 5 bogies years previous). These 77E trucks are now under the Christchurch Brill tram with the 3rd as a spare as we were able to obtain standard gauge 77e's when we acquired L 105 for dismantling."Each photo has written in ink on the rear "Body of VR tram # @ Sloan NSW 1 Jan 1994, photo by Norm Cross".trams, tramways, vr trams, sale of trams, scrapped trams, tram 39

A spokeshave was made with a wooden (usually beech wood) body and metal cutting blade. With industrialisation metal bodies displaced wood in mass-produced tools. The name 'spokeshave' reflects the early use of the tool by wheelwrights.Used by carpenters and/or cabinet makers and/or wheelwrights in the Kiewa Valley in the 1800s and 1900s. The tool consists of a blade fixed into the body of the tool, which has a handle for each hand. It is a shaping and smoothing tool eg. curves and rounding and used after cutting with chisels or saws. Ref. Pg 28 Tools for all Trades Cataloguewoodworking tool, spokeshave tool

Black and white print of a W class tram body on dollies at the Holden Body Builders at Woodville Adelaide. Mr R E Jackman was the MMTB's Superintendent (Engineer) representing the Board in Adelaide for both the Holden contract and the contract with Perry Engineering for bogies or trucks for the W-class tram. Shows the tram basically complete on temporary dollies. See item 5554 for other digital images of the work.Yields information about the construction of new tramcars for the MMTB by HoldensBlack and white print with details on the rear.In red ink "Holdens Motor Body Builders", in black ink "14/3/24", in pencil "roof shows only partly painted" and the stamp of "R E Jackman"tramways, tramcars, w class, holden bodyworks, new tramcars, adelaide, construction

Submission to City of Nunawading to construct an all-weather 400 metre athletics track for the use of residents in the Nunawading district including supportive submissions from various bodies within the community, dated 1978.Submission to City of Nunawading to construct an all-weather 400 metre athletics track. sportsgrounds, city of nunawading, nunawading combined athletics committee, east burwood reserve, bill sewart athletic track, ralphsmith, john

This handmade black glass bottle was recovered between the late 1960s to early 1970s from the wreck of the sailing ship Loch Ard. The ship was wrecked in 1878 and its remains are located at Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell, Victoria and bottles of liquor were listed as part of the Loch Ard’s cargo. This bottle is now part of the John Chance collection. Black glass is one of the oldest bottle colours and dates back to the early 17th century. In the 1840s to late-1870s black glass bottles were mainly used for liquor and ale. All glass is made from silica, which is found in quartz sand. The naturally occurring sand has impurities, such as iron, that determine the colour of the glass. Residual iron leads to green or amber coloured glass, and carbon in the sand makes that glass appear as ‘black’. A strong light behind the glass will show its colour as dark green or dark amber. This handmade bottle appears to have been made in a dip mould, with the molten glass blown into a seamless shoulder-height mould to give the body a uniform symmetrical shape and size. After the body is blown, the glass blower continues blowing free-form (without the mould) to form the shoulder and neck, then the base is pushed up with a tool, and the finish for the mouth is added with his tools. The dip mould gives the body a slightly textured surface, with the free blown shoulders and neck being smoother and shinier. There is usually a line around the shoulder where the mould of the body meets the shoulder, and a lump or mark in the centre of the base, called a pontil mark, where the push-up tool was removed. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This bottle is historically significant as an example of liquor bottles imported into to Colonial Victoria in the mid-1800s to early-1900s. Its significance is increased by also being an artefact recovered by John Chance, a diver from the wreck of the Loch Ard and other wrecks in the late-1960s to early-1970s. Items that come from several wrecks along Victoria's coast have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value. The bottle is also significant for being part of Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Loch Ard, which is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. The collection is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417. The collection has additional significance because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Loch Ard. The Loch Ard collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The Loch Ard collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The shipwreck is one of the worst, and best known, shipwrecks in Victoria’s history.Bottle, black glass. Thick matt body, with slightly bumpy texture, areas with sheen, colour imperfections. Tooled cork-top finish with ring below, slightly bulged neck. Shoulder has a line where shoulder meets body. Body tapers inwards to base. Heel varies in width. Pushed up base has pontil mark. Handmade, dip mould. No inscriptions.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, loch ard, mutton bird island, eva carmichael, tom pearce, john chance, bottle, black glass, antique bottle, bulge neck bottle, handmade, dip mould, mouth blown, pontil base, blown bottle, liquor bottle, ale bottle

This handmade black glass bottle was recovered between the late 1960s to early 1970s from the wreck of the sailing ship Loch Ard. The ship was wrecked in 1878 and its remains are located at Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell, Victoria and bottles of liquor were listed as part of the Loch Ard’s cargo. This bottle is now part of the John Chance collection. Black glass is one of the oldest bottle colours and dates back to the early 17th century. In the 1840s to late-1870s black glass bottles were mainly used for liquor and ale. All glass is made from silica, which is found in quartz sand. The naturally occurring sand has impurities, such as iron, that determine the colour of the glass. Residual iron leads to green or amber coloured glass, and carbon in the sand makes that glass appear as ‘black’. A strong light behind the glass will show its colour as dark green or dark amber. This handmade bottle appears to have been made in a dip mould, with the molten glass blown into a seamless shoulder-height mould to give the body a uniform symmetrical shape and size. After the body is blown, the glass blower continues blowing free-form (without the mould) to form the shoulder and neck, then the base is pushed up with a tool, and the finish for the mouth is added with his tools. The dip mould gives the body a slightly textured surface, with the free blown shoulders and neck being smoother and shinier. There is usually a line around the shoulder where the mould of the body meets the shoulder, and a lump or mark in the centre of the base, called a pontil mark, where the push-up tool was removed. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This bottle is historically significant as an example of liquor bottles imported into to Colonial Victoria in the mid-1800s to early-1900s. Its significance is increased by also being an artefact recovered by John Chance, a diver from the wreck of the Loch Ard and other wrecks in the late-1960s to early-1970s. Items that come from several wrecks along Victoria's coast have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value. The bottle is also significant for being part of Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Loch Ard, which is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. The collection is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417. The collection has additional significance because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Loch Ard. The Loch Ard collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The Loch Ard collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The shipwreck is one of the worst, and best known, shipwrecks in Victoria’s history.Bottle, black glass. Thick matt body, with slightly bumpy texture, areas with sheen, colour imperfections. Mouth has cork seal. Tooled cork-top finish with ring below, slightly bulged neck. Shoulder has a line with a long bump where shoulder meets body. Body tapers inwards to base. Pushed up base has pontil mark. Handmade, dip mould. No inscriptions.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, loch ard, mutton bird island, eva carmichael, tom pearce, john chance, bottle, black glass, antique bottle, bulge neck bottle, handmade, dip mould, mouth blown, pontil base, blown bottle, liquor bottle, ale bottle

The first all transistor hearing aids appeared in 1953. They were created to replace vacuum tubes; they were small, required less battery power and had less distortion and heat than their predecessor. The vacuum tubes were typically hot and fragile, so the transistor was the ideal replacement. The size of these transistors led to developments in miniature, carbon microphones. These microphones could be mounted on various items. There were body hearing aids where the earpiece was connected to the hearing aid and battery pack worn on the body. Ear level hearing aids consisted of eyeglass, behind the ear (BTE), in the ear (ITE), and in the canal (ITC, CIC) hearing aids. Part of the development of hearing aids Gold and burgundy metal casing, with an ear piece attached by wire. This is a body-worn hearing aid, with user instruction booklet. Manufactured by Rexton a subsidiary of Siemens."647 IV" on bottom of case, along with controls, "H N L" "M T O" and a numbered dial deaf children australia, hearing aid, rexton, siemens

Used by the company on the W class tramcar bodies it built for the MMTB in the 1920's. See item 2430 for another example. Demonstrates the method of recording who built the tramcar body.Builders Plate, sign - pressed brass sheet with burnished black background around the raised letters - "Coach Work by Holdens Motor Body Builders Ltd Adelaide & Melbourne". Has screws holes in each corner.builders plate, adelaide, tramcar, signs, tramcars, holdens, new trams, w class

This handmade black glass bottle was recovered between the late 1960s to early 1970s from the wreck of the sailing ship Loch Ard. The ship was wrecked in 1878 and its remains are located at Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell, Victoria and bottles of liquor were listed as part of the Loch Ard’s cargo. This bottle is now part of the John Chance collection. Black glass is one of the oldest bottle colours and dates back to the early 17th century. In the 1840s to late-1870s black glass bottles were mainly used for liquor and ale. All glass is made from silica, which is found in quartz sand. The naturally occurring sand has impurities, such as iron, that determine the colour of the glass. Residual iron leads to green or amber coloured glass, and carbon in the sand makes that glass appear as ‘black’. A strong light behind the glass will show its colour as dark green or dark amber. This handmade bottle appears to have been made in a dip mould, with the molten glass blown into a seamless shoulder-height mould to give the body a uniform symmetrical shape and size. After the body is blown, the glass blower continues blowing free-form (without the mould) to form the shoulder and neck, then the base is pushed up with a tool, and the finish for the mouth is added with his tools. The dip mould gives the body a slightly textured surface, with the free blown shoulders and neck being smoother and shinier. There is usually a line around the shoulder where the mould of the body meets the shoulder, and a lump or mark in the centre of the base, called a pontil mark, where the push-up tool was removed. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This bottle is historically significant as an example of liquor bottles imported into to Colonial Victoria in the mid-1800s to early-1900s. Its significance is increased by also being an artefact recovered by John Chance, a diver from the wreck of the Loch Ard and other wrecks in the late-1960s to early-1970s. Items that come from several wrecks along Victoria's coast have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value. The bottle is also significant for being part of Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Loch Ard, which is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. The collection is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417. The collection has additional significance because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Loch Ard. The Loch Ard collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The Loch Ard collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The shipwreck is one of the worst, and best known, shipwrecks in Victoria’s history.Bottle, black glass. Thick matt body, with slightly bumpy texture, areas with sheen, colour imperfections. Tooled cork-top finish with ring below, slightly bulged neck. Shoulder has some diagonal creases and a line where shoulder meets body. Body tapers inwards to base. Heel varies in width. Pushed up base has pontil mark. Base is uneven. Handmade, dip mould. No inscriptions.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, loch ard, mutton bird island, eva carmichael, tom pearce, john chance, bottle, black glass, antique bottle, bulge neck bottle, handmade, dip mould, mouth blown, pontil base, blown bottle, liquor bottle, ale bottle