This match safe was amongst various items collected from a sea dive in Port Phillip Bay. The diver was the caretaker of the Port Lonsdale Lighthouse, who dived on various wrecks in the bay during the 1960's. After the caretaker's death, his son sold off many of the shipwreck artefacts. The match safe was purchased from the caretaker's son in the 1990's by a previous owner of the Marine Shop, Queenscliff, Victoria. Pocket match safes or match safes were small portable boxes, or containers made in a great variety of forms and shapes, each with lids or covers to contain matches and retain their quality. Matches came into use around the 1830's and were produced extensively between the years 1890 and 1920. During this period everyone carried strike anywhere matches, so they could ignite stoves, lanterns and other devices. Early matches were unreliable and prone to ignite from rubbing on one another or spontaneously. Accordingly, most people carried a match safe to house their matches. Wealthy people had ‘match safes made of gold or silver, while common folk had ones made of tin or brass. They were made throughout the world including the United Kingdom, in the U.S.A., continental Europe and Australia. Significant English makers of cases were, Sampson Mordan and Asprey & Co. Significant American manufacturers of match safes include Wm. B. Kerr, Gorham, Unger Brothers,  Battin,  Blackington ,  Whiting, George Scheibler and Shreve & Co. Different patterns and types run into thousands as well as plain and decorative examples. They were also made in a wide range of materials, including pressed brass, pressed tin, gunmetal, nickel silver, gold, bone, ivory, the wood of varying types, early plastics like tortoiseshell and Bakelite, and ceramics. A distinguishing characteristic of match safes is that they have a ribbed surface, usually on the bottom, for lighting the matches. The item gives a snapshot into the social development through it's application in every day use match safes were used at a time when there were no safety matches and the early use of matches was a dangerous affair given they were easily combustive if rubbed together in a pocket for example. The item is also an example of the shipwreck artefacts gathered along the southwest coast of Victoria.Match Safe; hollow brass cylinder with ribbed match striker texture on base and screw thread around top. Fitted brass lid has an internal screw thread, and the top's flat surface has concentric circles design, with a twisted rope pattern grip around the edge. flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, shipwreck artefact, port phillip bay, port lonsdale lighthouse, wreck, 1960’s diver, queenscliff marine shop, match container, match safe, matches, fire lighter, fire safety, heat, fire, portable match safe, 19th century

This gas lamp light and stand came from the original manufacturer in Melbourne. Gas street lights such as this one were used in Melbourne from the mid-19th century. The lights enabled safer after-dark travel for pedestrians and vehicles and were a deterrent to crime. A lamp lighter was employed to keep the lamps lit, sometimes with little success due to weather conditions and the pranks of youths. WARRNAMBOOL Gasworks In Warrnambool prior to 1874 there were about twenty rare, individually lit street lights in Warrnambool, each with its own supply of kerosene. These lamps were in the central business area of Timor, Koroit and Liebig Streets. The Warrnambool Gas Company Ltd. was registered as an incorporated company in 1873. It was a private, locally owned business. It was located at 209-215 Merri Street, Warrnambool, on the land, which is just west of the later-built railway station. The first managers of the Gas Company lived in a substantial stone house on site, but later the managers lived in a residence in Henna Street between Merri and Timor Streets. The original home, which still stands, became a residence for the Railway Station Master from about 1890. In August 1874 the construction of the gasworks was complete and at the end of that month gas was supplied to all of the existing lamps in Warrnambool for the first time. The Warrnambool Gas Company wound up in 1880-1881 and was purchased by the Warrnambool Borough Council with money raised by a loan – the Borough’s first ‘loan transaction’. The Council established a piped network to supply gas to other street connections. The gasworks were privatised and upgraded in 1952. In 1972 the town supply was converted to liquid petroleum gas and by the early 1980s the gasworks were closed down. In 1986 Warrnambool was supplied with natural gas from a site near Port Campbell. The Warrnambool gasworks supplied all street and shop lighting and most domestic lighting until 1923 when electricity was available for lighting. Bromfield Street in Warrnambool was named after the director of the gasworks, James Astley Bromfield (1823-1903). He arrived in Warrnambool from Worcestershire, England, in 1852 and was very active in the local council and community. Cockman Street was named after the first secretary of the gasworks in 1874, Walter Cockman (c.1821-1892). He was a Mayor and businessman. The second Manager, Luther Rodgers, worked for the gas company for about twenty years and both Rodger Place and Rodgers Road in Warrnambool have been named after him. LAMP LIGHTS IN MELBOURNE In the 1820s Melbourne's innkeepers were legally required to have a lamp light outside their premises from sunset to sunrise. This was the first instance of street lamps being used in Melbourne. In 1847 the first oil lamp was used in the city. In 1849 a gas lamp was installed on the Swanston Street Bridge and much of the city had oil lamps installed by then. In August 1857 the installation of street gas lamps began in Melbourne. They were welcomed for the much brighter illumination they gave. By 1860 there were 414 lamp pillars. The phrase was quoted often - "A light was as good as a policeman". The first gas burners used for street lighting were called 'fishtail' gas burners. These were replaced in the early 1900s by gas mantles. The City of Melbourne Gas Coke Company was formed in 1850 but due to the Gold Rush the manufacture and distribution of the gas supply was delayed until January 1856. By the 1890s the gas supplying the lights was supplied by three companies in Melbourne. In 1879 a football match was played at the MCG under electric lighting and gradually electric arc lights were installed inside and outside buildings in the city. Lamp lights such as the one in Flagstaff Hill’s collection were no longer needed. (References: John Lindsay re Lamp Light history 2019-01-29, Former Warrnambool Gas Company Limited, Victorian Heritage Database Report, Heritage Number 149746 https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/149746/download-report ) The lamp light is representative of the lamps used in Melbourne from the mid-nineteenth century to light the streets at night and make Melbourne a safer city. The lamp is also representative of the gas street lighting in Warrnambool from the mid-1870s-1920s.Lamp light or gas light. Street light, one of the last gas street lights removed from Melbourne. (Reconditioned by Friends of Flagstaff Hill, 2013)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, lamp light, gas light, gas lamp, street lamp, street light, gas street light, melbourne street lighting, warrnambool street lighting, melbourne gas street light, warrnambool gas company, warrnambool gasworks, james bromfield, walter cockman, luther rodgers, city of melbourne gas coke company

Advertisement from "Selected recipes from "The Leader" small corner books" (1930s). This advertisement is for Laurel Kerosene and gives many uses for kerosene that are no longer common in the 21st century, such as refrigeration, cleaning, lighting, heating and cooking.An example of early 20th century advertisingDigital copy of advertisement from a bookhistoric advertisements, "the leader" small corner books, laurel kerosene

A vista of the top end of Greensborough in the late 1940's.Shows the development of Greensborough looking from the Melbourne approach side. Features the early power lines and post and wire fences along Grimshaw Street also dirt edges of the road, early street lighting and no footpaths.A black and white photograph of the approach to Greensborough in the late 1940's.Written in pen on back of photo: "Looking down Grimshaw St from the cutting near William St and Adeline Sts."greensborough, grimshaw street, post war era

A cigarette lighter is a portable device used to generate a flame. It consists of a metal or plastic container filled with a flammable fluid or pressurized liquid gas, a means of ignition, and some provision for extinguishing the flame. A spark is created by striking metal against a flint, or by pressing a button that compresses a piezoelectric crystal (piezo ignition), generating an electric arc. In naphtha lighters, the liquid is sufficiently volatile, and flammable vapour is present as soon as the top of the lighter is opened. Butane lighters combine the striking action with the opening of the valve to release gas. The spark ignites the flammable gas causing a flame to come out of the lighter which continues until the top is closed (naphtha type), The Beney Company was founded by Robert Ernest Beney of London, England. R. E. Beney invented and marketed the first Beney mechanical lighter in 1919. Beney also designed and manufactured numerous luxury lighters and striker boxes for Alfred Dunhill of London as well as Hermes of Paris. In 1938, Beckenham based Beney Lighters was acquired, adding utility lighters and precision tools to the company's (Winn & Coates) ever growing list of products. The biggest selling line manufactured by Beney was the Economic Gas Lighter which hung on the side of housewife's gas cookers and was also used for lighting Bunsen burners in laboratories. In 1939-1940 the company moved its administration to the Beney Lighter premises in Beckenham after the Head Office at Trinity Square along with many company records were destroyed in a 'doodlebug' flying bomb attack. Beney Ltd. continued producing lighters at least through the late 1954. A green metal cigarette lighter that used fuel and a striking action arm to produce a flame .base: BENEY / COMPANION / PATENT 568897 / BRITISH MADEtobacco, cigarettes, cigarette lighters, fuels, moorabbin, cheltenham, bentleigh, early settlers, beney pty ltd, beckenham england

A Vesta case is a small, portable box / safe to carry matches that came into use around the 1830s and was produced extensively between 1890 and 1920. During this period, almost everyone carried strike-anywhere matches, so they could light stoves, lanterns and other devices. Early matches were unreliable and prone to ignite from rubbing on one another or spontaneously. Accordingly, most people carried a match safe / box to house their matches. Wealthy people had match safes made of gold or silver, while common folk had ones made of tin or brass.C 1900 A small silver vesta case, with a roughened strike plate, to hold matches for lighting fires, lamps, cigarettes or pipes. The tin case has been embossed with a bird and floral design on the front and back Embossed with bird and floral design on the front and back .jewellery, personal effects, craftwork, vesta case, lights, candles, safety matches, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, cheltenham, early settlers, pioneers

This cigarette or pipe lighter was in use in the mid 1900's when the majority of users were men. Ladies did smoke but mainly not in "public" The activity was still regarded as a male activity. Middle to Upper "Class" of women nearly always had a gentleman "at hand" that would "light up" her cigarette. This was seen as a "social" activity only but later in the mid 1900's onward it was quite acceptable for both sexes to "smoke" at anytime.This type of lighter was male orientated due to the degree of lighting the flint with the horizontal movement required a strong thumb action across the lighting wheel. It is significant to rural areas such as the Kiewa Valley as the majority of men (especially during and after World War II) regarded smoking as a way to ease off the "tension" of hard work. The socio-economics of the Australian work place changed after the emancipation of women in the "workforce" after the World War II depleted the male workforce for the duration of the War and changed the Australian ethics of women in all aspects of both city and rural working "so called" male only occupations.This Polo Swift lift arm cigarette/pipe lighter has a chrome plated shell and is fueled by petrol. To operate this lighter you lift the "snuffer" arm exposing the wick, then scrape the flint wheel to create a spark from the adjacent flint(resting on the brass ignition wheel).At the bottom of the lift arm station "POLO". Each side of the lighter are "Art Deco line running from the top of the lighter to the bottom. Between these is a rectangular box with "diamond crossed lines"early hand lighters, smoking in the 1930's, cigarette lighter, tobacco, cigerettes, lighter

This cigarette or pipe lighter was in use in the mid 1900's when the majority of users were men. Ladies did smoke but mainly not in "public" The activity was still regarded as a male activity. Middle to Upper "Class" of women nearly always had a gentleman "at hand" that would "light up" her cigarette. This was seen as a "social" activity only but later in the mid 1900's onward it was quite acceptable for both sexes to "smoke" at anytime.This type of lighter was male orientated due to the degree of lighting the flint with the horizontal movement required a strong thumb action across the lighting wheel. It is significant to rural areas such as the Kiewa Valley as the majority of men (especially during and after World War II) regarded smoking as a way to ease off the "tension" of hard work. The socio-economics of the Australian work place changed after the emancipation of women in the "workforce" after the World War II depleted the male workforce for the duration of the War and changed the Australian ethics of women in all aspects of both city and rural working "so called" male only occupations.This Roller Beacon lift arm cigarette/pipe lighter has a chrome plated brass shell and is fueled by petrol. To operate this lighter you lift the "snuffer" arm(long roller lift arm) exposing the horizontal external flint tube, then scrape the flint wheel to create a spark (to light the wick) from the adjacent flint(resting on the brass ignition wheel).At the base to the left of the "filler" screw "PATENT No. 485037, 818155" underneath "REG. DES. N" on the filler screw "ROLLER REG" underneath "TRADE MARK". To the right of the "filler", "THE ROLLER BEACON MADE IN ENGLAND"early hand lighters, smoking in the 1930's, cigarette lighter, cigarette, tobacco

Lighting was by gas before electricity was installed in houses. Before the 1800s most homes, workplaces and streets were lit by candles or oil lamps.The cities had gas before the country areas.Gas lighting was available in the Kiewa Valley before electricity was installed.Early 20th century. Gas light used indoors and made of copper tubing, brass, and bakelite.gas lights, home lighting

This operating and parts information sheet was supplied to consumers to help users of this kerosene iron, not only understand the operation of this self lighting iron, but also to be able to order any replacement parts that may be required for this high level usage appliance. At this period in time(1950's), this item was at the leading edge of ironing technology. During the earlier 1900's and before "the throw away" culture evolved(circa 1950's), reliability and long term application of domestic appliances was a necessity above all costs, especially in isolated rural areas. The construction of these appliances was geared to a longer service life and not to a cheaper two to three year life warranty. With levels of world wide technology at an ever increasing pace, long term reliability of any appliance was no longer sought after. Appliance upgrades and new improved model accessibility especially in rural areas has changed rural consumer's buying patterns. Although the concept of instructional and parts/warranty information booklets has not become obsolete, the ability to access information via electronic means has vastly improved the ability to obtain qualified technical help through local avenues. This access was not available in the time period(circa 1950), when the appliance covered by this document was issued. The rate of development within the home appliance field has mushroomed during the time period post 1950. The costs and the increased levels of product choices and consumer awareness has provided rural areas (once isolated e.g. Kiewa Valley) with a greater ability to satisfy their needs because of a greater diverse range of domestic appliances offered.This discoloured, sepia paper has black print and is folded into three equal pages. The information contained covers operational and part numbers for the kerosene fired hand held iron. there are kerosene stains on the last page and these have soaked through onto the second page. The form no.-3-3C- McACO.-4363Printed in U.S.A.instructions, household appliances, ironing, domestic ironing

This lamp pattern was originally made in USA between 1880 and 1900. The pattern is called Feathered Cartouche and generally had a painted motif on each of the panels on the front. This lamp is probably a copy of the American lamp and made in Australia sometime in the first half of the 20th century. The lamp has an English style collar rather than an American one and the pattern is not as crisp as the American ones. There were several lamp patterns made here that were copies of American patterns and that style of collar was used on most of them. (ref Oil Lamp Antiques)This item is an important example of the early technology of artificial light. It has historical significance in demonstrating lighting devices used before the widespread use of electricity.Ornate clear glass kerosene lamp. Glass chimney is missing. Base is square and patterned with raised oval shapes, as is the stem. Both base and stem are hollow. At the top, the kerosene holder is squarish with round corners.. The wick holder is of brass and has a small wick adjustor.lamp, kerosene lamp, lighting - domestic

This item is an important example of the early technology of artificial light. It has historical significance in demonstrating lighting devices used before the widespread use of electricity.Kerosene/oil hand-held lantern with carry handle. Red glass window (for a show of red light) and a clear glass window that opens for lighting of wick. (Dietz Dainty Tail Lamp)lantern candle dietz-dainty-tail-lamp

From the premises of Auctioneers James and Bird in the early 20th century. It was a small building beside abandoned shop on the corner of Tarra & Nicholson Streets. An early 20th century light switch from the James and Bird premises. It is painted pastel green and has large screws poking out through the mounting block. The two fuses were originally white porcelain and have been painted over. The brass fixtures have been painted over.On back -1917 electric lightlight-switch james-and-bird lighting

Written on back of photograph, "Whitehorse Road and Mount Dandenong Road". Catalogue card reads, "Early electric installation of street lighting".

One of the most common centre draft kerosene lamps one can find in the USA and Canada is the Rayo. Large and sturdy, simple to use, but also notorious for being a fuel hog. This lamp was made by Bradley and Hubbard Metalworks in Chicago also Bradley and Hubbard made the “Perfection” brand lamps that look like the Rayo and are pretty much the same lamp with all parts interchangeable. The Rayo was given away to customers for free as a promotional item by the Standard Oil Company. The lamp’s huge appetite for fuel meant a hefty increase in sales of kerosene for the company and increased profits. The Rayo is a classic centre draft lamp that uses a widely available tubular wick that measures 62mm flat. It employs a simple and reliable mechanism for securing wicks in the burner along with a brass tube with many small teeth at its end. The tube is attached to the toothed rack that’s moved up and down by the adjuster knob.This type of lamp was used in most households and on rural properties before the introduction of electricity and is an early example of a promotional. The lamp was given away to customers of Kerosene oil as a means of increasing the Standard Oil Company sales of Kerosene during the late19th to early 20th century.Lamp of metal without shade. Mantle burner, plated light metal base. Ornate shade holder. Broken glass.Marked "Rayo Junior"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, lamp, mantle lamp, metal lamp, lighting, oil lamp, bradley & hubbard

A candlestick holder is a device used to hold a candle in place. Candlesticks have a cup or a spike ("pricket") or both to keep the candle in place. Before the proliferation of electricity, candles were carried between rooms using a chamber stick, a short candlestick with a pan to catch dripping wax. Although electric lighting has phased out candles in much of the world, candlesticks and candelabras are still used in homes as decorative elements or to add atmosphere on special occasions. An item used in every home that did not have electricity from the late 19th to early 20th centuries as a lighting aid.Candlestick is round, hollowed scalloped edge to base. Coated with white enamel it features a large ring handle. Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, candle stick holder, candle holder, enameled candle stick holder

One of the most common centre draft kerosene lamps one can find in the USA and Canada is the Rayo. Large and sturdy, simple to use, but also notorious for being a fuel hog. This lamp was made by Bradley and Hubbard Metalworks in Chicago also Bradley and Hubbard made the “Perfection” brand lamps that look like the Rayo and are pretty much the same lamp with all parts interchangeable. The Rayo was given away to customers for free as a promotional item by the Standard Oil Company. The lamp’s huge appetite for fuel meant a hefty increase in sales of kerosene for the company and increased profits. The Rayo is a classic centre draft lamp that uses a widely available tubular wick that measures 62mm flat. It employs a simple and reliable mechanism for securing wicks in the burner along with a brass tube with many small teeth at its end. The tube is attached to the toothed rack that’s moved up and down by the adjuster knob. This type of lamp was used in most households and on rural properties before the introduction of electricity and is an early example of a promotional. The lamp was given away to customers of Kerosene oil as a means of increasing the Standard Oil Company sales of Kerosene during the late19th to early 20th century.Kerosene Lamp, side lifting arm to light.Inscribed "Rayo" and "Made in the USA"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, kerosene lamp, lighting, hurricane lamp, storm lamp, rayo ltd

The lamp has been manufactured for decorative used, representing lamps of the late 19th and early 20th century used for lighting.The lamp is an example of a 19th century ships lamp. It is currently not associated with a historical event, person or place at this time and is being used to augment Flagstaff's village display.Metal lamp with circular base, 8-sided glass section and conical lid topped by a frilled metal cone and handle made from a strip of metal bent into a 'u' shape and attached so that it can swing back and forth..Cone hinges to side to give access to candle, which is seated in a short ring in the centre of the base. There is a ring of air holes around the circumference of the cone, about half way up the height of it. A shard of glass missing from one of the glass panels and the metal parts are corroded.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, lighting, candle lamp, domestic lighting, ship lamp

This early 20th-century chest of drawers is unique. It was made from recycled timber kerosene boxes and metal tins. The case was made in South Australia between 1905 and 1927 by the British Imperial Oil Company Ltd, which was the first business to import bulk petroleum products into Australia. Before this, ships carried crates of kerosene as cargo. Items salvaged from the 1880 wreck of the vessel Eric the Red included kerosene boxes. Kerosene replaced plant and animal-based fuel, such as whale oil, for lighting in homes and for the lamps in lighthouses and on marine vessels. It was also used for cooking and heating and as engine fuel. The last kerosene-fueled lighthouse lamp was transferred to solar power in 1985. The chest of drawers is one-of-a-kind. The original uses for the components of the chest of drawers, the wooden box and metal tins were for containing and transporting kerosene. Kerosene was used from the late 19th century for fuel in lamps, heating, and cooling. Previously whale oil was used for the lamps in lighthouses. The company providing the kerosene was the first to import it into Australia in bulk quantities. The set of drawers is one of the many ways that inventive Australians were able to repurpose materials.Chest of drawers; wooden frame and rails, metal drawers with vertical metal handles. The frame has been constructed from the wooden panels of a vintage oil and kerosene box. The three drawers have been created from empty kerosene cans that were cut in half from top to bottom, some with the round opening closed over. Inscriptions from the original box and cams are stencilled on the top and base of the frame and impressed or painted on the metal cans. The frame has provision for a further drawer. The wooden case and metal tins were made in Australia.Top and base of frame; "THE BRITISH IMPERIAL OIL CO. LTD." "OIL ENGINE KEROSENE" "CASE ANDTINS AUSTRALIAN MADE" On tin; "POWIRIN" "BIOCO LTD" Logo [cross} with inscription on horizontal bar "CROSS" Impressed in timber drawer dividers (indecipherable text) Side of drawer, painted in orange on black; "TY -, REG U S - TIDE - "flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, antique, domestic equipment, chest of drawers, tool box, furniture, storage, recycled tin, recycled box, kerosene, fossil fuel, lighthouse lamp fuel, british imperial oil company ltd.

The Ballarat Junior Technical School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines.Fourteen boys, wearing white aprons, are undertaking a practical class in turning and fitting at the Ballarat Junior Technical School. The boys work with foot pedaled and early electric lathes. The classroom has evidence of both gas and electric lighting. (the guitar shaped lamp is gas)ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, trade, fitting and turning

The 1st edition of this famous work, giving an excellent account of the machinery used in late 19th century metal mining in the UK and overseas is very rare. It covers a wide range of equipment - pumps, steam engines, drills, winding engines, stamps & concentration mills, aerial ropeways, tramways and early uses of electricity etc. Brown hard cloth covered book. xvi 564 pages with additional advertisements, with over 300 illustrations and drawings, some fold out. Chapters include Water as a motive power, Wind engines and ventilating machinery, Steam boilers/engines and oil engines, hoisting machinery, draining of Mines, pumping engines, rock drilling machinery, boring machinery, concentration machinery, sizing and classifications trommels, joggers and jigging, fine concentration, milling of gold ores, milling of silver ores, amalgamation plates and machinery, dry and roasting machinery, chlorination and cyandide processes for the extraction of gold, electricity as a motive power for mining, electric lighting and blasting, aerial wire ropeways, transport by rail and road. There a a number of lovely line illustrations in the book including: Poncelot's undershot waterwheel; Fromont furnace;Victor turbine; Pelton waterwheel; Root's positive blower;Cross section and front elevation of Lancashire boiler; Robey's Compound Mill Engine; Portable Winding Plant; Iron Pit Head Gear ; Loading Arrangement in an Incline Shaft; kibble; Worthington Pump; California Pump; Scram's Air Compressor; Rock drill Bits; Special Sharpening tools; Boring tools;Rotating Picking table; Ore Feeder; roller crusher; stamp battery; round buddle; slime table; vanner; amalgamating plant; belt elevator;roasting furnace;splicing wire rope; capel; tipping waggon;mining, cornish pump, linkenbach table, water wheel, ventilation, oil engine, california, america, water, steam boilers, steam engines, oil engines, pumpimg, rock drilling, boring, jiggers, milling, silver, gold, drying and roasting, chlorination, cyaniding, lead, zinc, copper, electricity, electric lighting, wire ropes, transport, wind engine, poppet head

Sherwood Ltd. Was a manufacturer of oil lamps and burners at the Nechells Park Works Birmingham UK and regarded at the time as a renowned name in the oil lamp and burner manufacturing industries in Birmingham during the early part of the 20th century. They started selling as ‘Isaac Sherwood & Son Ltd.’ in 1904, later around 1920 they merged with Linley and Co makers of American pattern lamps and became ‘Sherwood-Linley” moving to 44-50, Granville St. Birmingham. They became one of the largest manufacturers of lighting devices and burners in England. They produced all sorts of illumination devices and became famous for their oil burners. Apart from oil burners, they produced table and floor lamps, sconces, lanterns and chandeliers that made Sherwood unique. A Significant item as part of a kerosene lamp that was commonplace in homes and other premises during the early 20th century as a means of lighting before electric lighting became the standard. These types of items give a snapshot into domestic and social life during this period.Lamp Burner housing, brass with wick-screw (no wick). Made in England Sherwoods LTD Birminghamwarrnambool, flagstaff-hill, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, lamp burner, sconces, kerosene lamp, wick adjuster, sherwood & son ltd, sherwood-linley

The kerosene lamp was one of the most common oil lamps used and was manufactured until the 1980s. This lamp is a wall-mounted model made in the likeness of a Victorian era lamp. The lamp is an example of a 19th and early 20th-century kerosene lamp that used kerosene for fuel. It has the option of being wall-mounted or used on a flat surface.Kerosene lamp with electro-plated tank and handle and shaped glass cover. The handle has holes for attachment to a wall bracket. warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, lamp, lighting, kerosene lamp, wall mounted model lamp

Kempthorne Lighting Pty. was established as Coffey Lanterns in East Malvern, Melbourne Victoria in 1931 by brothers Selwyn and Owen Coffey. They manufactured lighting fixtures and fittings including oil lamps for marine use as well as for the domestic market. In early 1936 two other brothers, Erle and Terence had joined the company which was renamed Kempthorne Lantern Works Pty., Ltd. In 1946 Kempthorne joined with a small design team who had developed a domestic fan to form the subsidiary, Mistral fans. The company previously known as Kempthorne Holding Ltd was listed on the stock exchange in 1968. In 1977-1979 Kempthorne Mistral Ltd. Was a holding company comprising of Kempthorne Lighting Pty., Ltd. & Mistral Fans Pty., Ltd. An early Australian made marine lamp by a significant manufacturer that is still in business today making electrical equipment. The item is an important artefact that was made by an early Australian business that started in the 1930s. Over the years this company has demonstrated many innovations to the manufacturer of electrical items. Marine copper Lamp, round with brass makers lozenge and rounded hollow lugs set on either side of the lamp. Heavy metal handle with brass locking pin. Lid with catch on top. Made by Kempthorne Pty Ltd Melb. 1941flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, lamp, copper ship lamp, ship lamp, kempthorne pty ltd

Gas lamps worked by heating something called a 'mantle' with a gas flame. The mantle then glowed brightly, lighting up the room. Lamps had either two chains, for a ceiling-mounted lamp or a tap for a wall-mounted burner to turn off the gas. These chains or taps could also adjust the flow of the gas and hence the brightness of the mantle. Before Carl Auer von Welsbach invented the gas mantle in the 1890s, all gas lights in homes and street lights had simple gas jets that pointed upwards. In the home, these lights were covered with glass globes and had an overall ornate look making the lamp ascetically pleasing and protecting the flame from being blown out. However, this arrangement was extremely inefficient: To get as much light as possible, the gas had to be turned fully up, resulting in large sheets of flame rising towards a ceiling. Also, because the lamp had to be point upwards, the illumination was directed upwards, i.e. at the ceiling rather than where it was needed. So the usable light for a given amount of gas was minimal but the invention of the gas mantle eventually changed this. It enabled gas lights to have a small flame and to direct their light downwards. The item is significant as it is part of a very ornate gas lamp wall bracket from the late 19th to early 20th century. Its provenance is currently unknown and at this time cannot be associated with a historical event, person or place and the item is assessed as a collective asset.Gas lamp wall bracket; part of a gas lamp. A single burner fancy wall mounted bracket, brass, ornate and decorative, featuring a Lamassu - figure with the body of a lion , wings of an eagle and human head. It was recovered from the wreck of the Loch ArdNoneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, gas lamp, brass lamp, gas burner bracket, domestic artifact, gas lighting, gas lamp bracket

The Philips Company was founded in 1891, by Gerard Philips and his father Frederik Philips in Holland (Netherlands) and started the production of carbon-filament lamps and other electro-technical products in 1892. The first Philips shaver was introduced in the 1930s, and was simply called Philishave. The Philishave has remained part of the Philips product . In 2018, the independent Philips Lighting N.V. was renamed Signify N.V. However, it continues to produce and market Philips-branded products such as LED light bulbs After World War 11 1939-45, new estates were opened for housing returned soldiers in City of Moorabbin and most of the men began using the new convenient electric razors manufactured by Philips and Gillette.An electric shaver 'Philishave' c 1950 with box, shaver head protector, electrical cord and plug Box ; PHILI SHAVE / PHILIPS Trademark Shaver :PHIL / SHAVE / AW / 209230V 4030 / AC ONLY / RTM / PHILLIPS / MADE IN / AUSTRALIApersonal effects, razors, electric shavers, philips pty ltd,, early settlers, city of moorabbin, post world war 11 settlement, bentleigh, highett, cheltenham, ormond, reed george, clark judy

3 of 5 photographs of the Highett Gasworks c 1974 The Brighton Gas Company was established 1877 by local residents including Thomas Bent. Initially all went well for residents as gas light replaced kerosene lamps and street lights were installed. However disruption to supply, poor quality and failure to reach all house lead to dissatisfaction. Thomas Bent therefore began the Central Brighton and Moorabbin Gas Company 1885 and a price war ensued. This was unsustainable and the two companies amalgamated in 1877 supplying gas from the New Street Works site. 1930 this Company expanded to Highett where it had purchased 45 acres adjacent to the train line. 1927 a gas holder was built connected to the Brighton works 1936 construction began on a complete gas-making unit and the Highett Gasworks, Nepean Highway, began supply 1939. 1950 an extension program was completed. However by 1965 , with the discovery of Natural Gas offshore in Bass Strait, changes to Gas distribution were apparent. At first some of the facilities at Highett were used to distribute the gas piped from Sale, Gippsland. However after conversion of 450,000 homes to Natural Gas the Highett site was redundant. The gasometers were removed 1978. Moorabbin Council obtained part of the land for public recreation purposes. ( Dr. G Whitehead KCC Historian ) c2012 the Moorabbin Justice Centre / Magistrates Court of Victoria was built and further development of the area for apartments proceeds. The establishment of the Brighton Gas Company 1877 and the Highett Gasworks 1885 brought bright lighting to houses, businesses and streets in Moorabbin Shire and cooking ovens and heating improved the living conditions of residents. 3 x Colour photographs of the Highett Gasworks c1970bass strait gas, highett gasworks, brighton gasworks 1877, central brighton and moorabbin gas company 1885, whitehead dr. graham, magistrates court of victoria, horse drawn carts, toll gates brighton, motor cars 1900, steam engines, early settlers, bentleigh, parish of moorabbin, city of moorabbin, county of bourke, moorabbin roads board, shire of moorabbin, henry dendy's special survey 1841, were j.b.; bent thomas, o'shannassy john, king richard, charman stephen, highett william, ormond francis, maynard dennis, market gardeners, vineyards, orchards

Wax tapers were used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire to light fires, candles and gas lamps. A narrow and shallow, cardboard box with blue and white label on the top. "Price's Dropless White tapers" " Medium" 2ounces "for lighting candles and gas fires". Makers mark is a sailing ship, set in an oval with the words "Ship Brand". Around the circumference of the oval are the words " London, Liverpool, Price's Candle Company Limited.kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Prior to the installation of gas and electric light pioneers used candles for lighting after sunset.6 candles, in original box, made by 'Electrine' Co. 2 candles broken when brush tailed possum entered Cottage via chimney 27/4/2014kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Prior to the installation of gas and electric light, pioneers used candles for lighting after sunset. This ornate candle-stick holder most likely was used in the bedroom. The family of Miss May Curtis were early settlers in Moorabbin ShireSmall white ceramic candle stick holder with pink and yellow floral transfer-printed decoration on the rim. There is also a small raised area on the rim to hold a candle-snuffer. On one side there is a small ceramic "loop" attached as a carrying handle. This item broken beyond repair by brush tailed possum when he entered Cottage via chimney 27/4/2014furnishings, lights, lamps, candles, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, ormond, brighton, kitchenware, curtis may, market gardeners