Showing 146 items
matching government bridge
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Greensborough Historical Society
Book, The Shire of Diamond Valley Handbook 1982, 1982_
Guide to services provided by Shire of Diamond Valley. The Shire of Diamond Valley was a Local Government Area located about 20 kilometres northeast of Melbourne. The shire covered an area of 74.38 square kilometres and existed from 1964 until 1994.Annual guide to services in Shire of Diamond Valley32 pages, col illus., maps. Cover illustration of aqueduct and bridge over Plenty River near Apollo Parkways estste.shire of diamond valley, greensborough, handbooks -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper clippings
Newspaper clipping on early history of San Remo and district, the naming of the township, San Remo Heights Estate Hall and the San Remo Post Office.Early history of San Remo, including its original settlement, surveying of the district, change of name from Griffiths Point proclaimed in the Victorian Government Gazette on 11th august, 1888. also early history of San Remo Heights Estate Hall and the San Remo Post Office. Includes a photograph of the township and fishing fleet probably taken from 1940 bridge.local history, documents, newspapers, san remo, buildings - historical, black & white newspaper clipping, san remo, post office, fishing fleet -
Greensborough Historical Society
Sign - Boundary Sign, Shire of Diamond Valley, Shire of Diamond Valley boundary sign, 1990s
The Shire of Diamond Valley was a Local Government Area located about 20 kilometres northeast of Melbourne. The shire covered an area of 74.38 square kilometres and existed from 1964 until 1994. This example of a Boundary Sign was one of many located on the edge of the Shire e.g. at Wattle Glen Station; at Yan Yean Road north of Bannons Lane; 2 on Plenty Road near Larundel and Bundoora Primary School; one on the Para Road bridge; on Wattletree Road Eltham and on Kurrak Road Yarrambat. According to a former Shire employee, the signs were often stolen as quickly as they were replaced. This sign was removed when the Shire of Diamond Valley was dissolved in 1994 and is signed by a Shire employee, giving it strong provenance.Painted metal sign, cream background with green text and Shire of Diamond Valley crest.Inscribed in felt tip pen on back of sign: SDV: from Nov 1964 to 1994. 30 years. Ron Middleton, By-laws Officer and Ranger, from 9/84 to Nov 94 [signed] R. Middletonshire of diamond valley, boundary signs -
Federation University Historical Collection
Documents, Tourello: Opening of Tourello Bridge; Tourello Hunt Club, 1909; Tourello Tennis Club; Government Land Auction, 1855
Maps and typed documentstourello bridge, hunt club, tennis club, government land auctions, talbot, clunes, coghill, lenaghan, peter lalor -
Federation University Historical Collection
Newspaper, Australasian Sketcher, 30 June 1884 to 01 November 1888, 1883 and 1888
Two copies of the Austakasian Sketcher with Pen and Pencil .1) 30 June 1884 Includes articles on Archbishop Moran, Children's Hospital, Sherbourne Sheppard obituary, the Tichborne case Includes images of the Most Reverand P.F. Moran, Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, New Sandridge Dock, Cricketing news from home, sketches from the Children's Hospital, View of Napier New Zealand, F. Mills New Warehouse Launceston, Grace Park .2) 01 November 1888 Articles include: Australian animals Images include: Cadbury's cocoa advertisement, A Flemington Picture, Railway Surveying Wangaratta to Mansfield, H.M.S. Nelson Leaving Sydney, New Prince's Bridge, Wilson Hall, Victoria before gold, Fawkner's First Printing Office, Government House Melbourne, Sandridge, Hobson's Bay, Old Supreme Court Melbourne, Melbourne Town Hall, Ballarat in the 50, Geelong in 1840, Ballarat Church of Engand Cathedral, Melbourne Exhibition Building, Flemington Racecourse, the Australian Club, Sir Anthony Musgrave, Fisheries Court at the Centennial Exhibition; Professor Neumayer, Antarctic Exploration, Melbourne Town Hall Organmelbourne international exhibition -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Provisional User Handbook, Extra Wide Bailey Bridge and Pontoon Bridge Part II (Restricted), February 1951 Ministry of Supplym Directorate of Royal Engineer Equipment (RESTRICTED)
(Restricted) Government publicationPrinted in February 1951Light brown thin card board front and Back, interior pages off white 17 pages and appendix H of 9 pages. Provisional user handbook for Extra Wide Bailey Bridge and Pontoon Bridge = Part II Pontoon Bridge. Dated February 1951Provisional user handbook for Extra Wide Bailey Bridge and Pontoon Bridge = Part II Pontoon Bridge. Dated February 1951. (RESTRICTED) Ministry of Supply, Directorate Royal Engineer Equipment.user handbook, extra wide bailey bridge, pontoon bridge -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Booklet, Sydney and Surroundings Win and Co Sydney, circa 1945
Photos from 1945 era include Sydney Harbour Bridge, Aerial View looking South East McMahon's Point, Aerial view of Sydney Harbour Bridge looking South West from over Neutral Bay. Top portion of the Bulli Pass. An Entrancing View of the South Coast, from Sublime Point. Government House, Sydney. Central Square Railway Station. Booklet from WW2 era that displays old photographs of the Sydney area circa 1945Sydney and Surroundings Win and Co Sydney containing eight double sided pages of photograph of the Sydney area.Front Cover - Sydney and Surroundings. In bottom left hand corner - Printed by Winn & Co. Sydney, for Murray Views, Gympie, Queensland. Copyright. At top right hand corner in pencil is the price 2/6 On Back Cover - Stamp - Tivoli Bookshop 335 Castlereagh St, Sydney - Books, Magazines, Stamps sydney, winn & company, murray views, gympie, queensland -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Document (item) - Report, Clement Wilks, Track to the River Jordan Gold Fields, 1864-1865
A report by Mr Road Engineer Wilks on the construction of the Yarra Track in Victoria.A report by Mr Road Engineer Wilks on the construction of the Yarra Track in Victoria. The Yarra Track is the former name of the gold fields road from Healesville to the Woods Point and Jordan Goldfields, in Victoria, Australia. By Authority: JOHN FERRES, Government Printer, Melbourneclement wilks, yarra track, marysville, victoria, wood's point, healesville, jordan gold fields -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Plastic packet, PTC - Maroondah City Council, Public Transport Commission, Ringwood Railway Station Development Study, Interchange Upgrade, Community Workshops - various printed documents 1995-2013, 1995 to 2013
The urban consulting group commissioned Maroondah City Council and the Public Transport Feasibility Study, Ringwood Railway Station to be upgraded October 1995Various printed documents relating to PTC (Public Transport Commission), Maroondah City Council, Department of Transport - Ringwood Railway Station Redevelopment Study October 1995, Ringwood Station Bus interchange upgrade, designing new look Ringwood Station. Workshops were held for the community. +Additional Keywords: Ringwood Station Bus Interchange upgrade feed back sheet October 2011 / Ringwood Station Precinct Redevelopment Workshop held 26 July 2011 / Ringwood Station and bus upgrade December 2011 / Ringwood Town Centre South Project / Precinct Plans Planning Report. / Ringwood Town Centre Draft Report November 2000 / Ringwood Activities Community Newsletter August 2011 - Ringwood Station Update / State Government to sell Central Ringwood Railway land - Herald Sun 30 December 2013 / Ringwood Town Centre Precinct 4 Station Superblock for Railway Station July 2009 / Media release $66m station 15 April 2015 / Ringwood Station and Interchange Upgrade, Wednesday 27 August 2014 / Lifts left off upgrade plan - Leader Community Paper, 10 December 2013 / How to submit your feedback - Ringwood Station Precinct proposed concept, December 2011 / Designing a new look Ringwood Station workshop handout / State Government announces $66 million redevelopment of Ringwood Train Station, Herald Sun 6 June 2013 / Ringwood Station and bus interchange upgrade project update July 2012 / Set Concept design plans of $66 million Ringwood Railway Station over the years / Set photos of Ringwood Station taken between 2004 to 2005 / A3 drawing - Plan of Ringwood Station / A3 drawing - Ringwood Station proposed layout / A3 drawing - Old Station, Ringwood / A3 drawing - Proposed plan 2011 / A4 drawing - Final plan of Ringwood Station 2014 / A4 drawing - Proposed plan 2010 Ringwood Railway Station / A3 drawing - Proposed plan Ringwood Station with bridge across Maroondah Highway -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Plan, Subdivision of Crown Lot 19, Ringwood, Victoria - circa 1915
Surveyor's map on wax paperSubdivision map includes Mullum Creek, Government Road to Anderson's Creek, later Warrandyte Road, Government Road to Lillydale, later Whitehorse Road, small creek bridge, later Sandy Creek at Ringwood Lake. Buildings marked include Roman Catholic Church, O.J. Pratt's House and Pratt's butcher shop (photos attached). Map by A.B. Bruford & Co., Licensed Surveyor, 47 Queen Street, Melbourne. -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Poem, The Horses Stay Behind, 1919
During WW1 Australia sent 39,348 Walers overseas to the AIF. Many Light Horsemen enlisted with their horses with a government promise that they would be able to bring their horses home with them. On the outbreak of peace, costs became important and it was deemed too costly to have horses repatriated to Australia - except for one horse, "Sandy", owned by General W T Bridges who died at Gallipoli in 1915 Quarantine was offered as a reason for not permitting the walers to return to Australia. However, the horses would have had a long sea voyage, giving time for problems to emerge. Many of the fit horses were sold to the Indian ArmyFramed print of poem "The Horses Stay behind". In days to come we'll wander west and cross the range again; We'll hear the bush birds singing in the green trees after rain; We'll canter through the Mitchell grass and breast the bracing wind: But we'll have other horses. Our chargers stay behind. Around the fire at night we'll yarn about old Sinai; We'll fight our battles o'er again; and as the days go by There'll be old mates to greet us. The bush girls will be kind. Still our thoughts will often wander to the horses left. I don't think I could stand the thought of my old fancy hack Just crawling round old Cairo with a Gyppo on his back. Perhaps some English tourist out in Palestine may find My broken-hearted waler with a wooden plough behind. No; I'd better shoot him and tell a little lie: "He floundered in a wombat hole and then lay down to die" May be I'll be court-martialled; but I'm damned if I'm inclined To go back to Australia and leave my horse behind. Trooper Bluegum -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Photograph, Warrandyte Rd looking North from Main Street, Ringwood. 1908
Black and white photograph reproduced from post card. Scene of road looking towards Loughnan Hill, Andrew Kennedy's orchard. Horse and cart in centre of photo, orchard to left of picture. (3 enlarged copies, 2 postcards, a clipping and 1 9x18.5 reproduction) Postcards with correspondence from N Blood, 2 original of the postcards with messages. First reads: "Trust you are well my dear and hope your poor Mater is no worse but better. We arrived home safely..poor little Tim was very tired. Love from all to your sister and mother..self. Your sincere friend, N. Blood" Second Reads: "Miss Hill. Cowes P.O.. 4/3/09 Dear Olive, come at once; I am on my last legs! Very pleased to hear that you have been enjoying yourself as well. Your mother had been very ill and Elvie has lost a stone weight; and ??? looks down in the dumps. Topsy killed canary this morning so I took Topsy for a walk! Had a bush fire up at home on 22 and 23rd Feb. No time to scribble more. Yours to a cinder. Bert." This postcard writing is overstamped J.B.McAlpin, Estate and Financial Agent. District Government Valuer Ringwood. It has a 1d Victorian Stamp affixed. Typed below photograph, "Warrandyte Rd. from Maroondah Hwy. looking north. Mullum Creek bridge in dip - 1908". -
Orbost & District Historical Society
stamp holder and numbers, Victorian Government Railways, c. 1930s- 1980s
Used on the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line which closed in 1987. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A stamp holder made of aluminium into which numbers and possibly letters can be inserted. Also a square shallow wooden box containing numbers which are used with the stamp. The numbers appear to be made of rubber.possibly V G R railway-history orbost-bairnsdale-railway -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Sign - Public Works Office
This sign points has two different messages. The first states Public Works Office, which was operational in Victoria between 1855 and 1987 dealt with many aspects of the states infrastructure. It had many different reponsibilities and roles from building government accommodation and fit out of buildings, licences for unused roads and water ways, main roads and bridges, ports and harbour,and water supplies. Much of this work was managed through local offices such as the one at Warrnambool. The sign on the reverse which states Witnesses Waiting Room relates to the court house which is where this sign originated.The Warrnambool court house was built in 1870-71 by the Victorian Public Works department and it is possible that this sign relates to that period.It is one of a number of public buildings built in the period 1870-1890 including the Police station and stables and police quarters, the Post Office and drill Hall , all in the same vicinity. This building reflects the growth of the town and also the importance it held at the time from a state level. The building while no longer used as a court house is a building of significance to Warrnambool as well as to the state of Victoria, being one of six around the state which were built in free classical style. This sign denotes the waiting room for witnesses which was situated on the western side of the building.A tangible link which provides historical and social significance to Warrnambool.Rectangular wooden sign with rounded corners. There is text on both sides painted in gold paint with shadow in black. One side is a darker brown stain . There are screw holes in each corner.and one hole on left middle of sign. Rounded edge on one side.Side 1:Witnesses Waiting Room Side 2:Public Works Office.warrnambool, warrnambool court house, public works department warrnambool -
Port of Echuca
Colour photograph, 1979
Discussed in book : Echuca: A centenary history by Susan Priestley, pp.21, 38, 45, 66, 114-123, 126, 174 R.J.Evans established this mill on the banks of the Murray River, Echuca in 1923 & it operated until 1980. The mill later became a tourist attraction, Red Gum Works, continuing to cut timber until it was taken over by The Port of Echuca as a display (Port of Echuca booklet, 2005 ed., p. 32)Sawmilling was a very important industry for Echuca. At its peak in Echuca in about 1877 there were between 1000-1500 men employed in the industry (Priestley, Susan. 1965, p.118). Red gum was sourced from the forests along the Murray river. It is a very strong timber suitable for bridge & wharf building, construction works as well as housing and especially for sleepers for the railways. Mills relied on government contracts especially for the sleepers. Colour photograph (post-card size) of red gum sawmill on the Port of Echcua. Photograph is taken looking north.Printed on reverse: "this paper manufactured by Kodak."echuca, port of echuca, sawmilling, evans, r. j., red gum works -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Document - Printed Sheets, Aboriginal Mission Station, Ramahyuck, Church Mission Reports - Ramahyuck - 1874, 1875, 1876, 1874
1874 - includes - report by Hagenauer - general progress of the mission, very evangelistic; brief reference to Aborigines living in the district, p. 2. 1875 - Includes - report by Hagenauer which is empathetic to the slow progress on behalf of the Government in relation to A?borigines; prejudice to their ritual practices and gender roles; diminishing corroborees and practice of other ritual practices in favour of Christianity; limited funding; progress towards self-determination. 1876 - includes - general progress of mission; reference to proposal to remove children and mothers and some men from the Upper Murray and place them at Ramahyuck, p. 5.4, 7 & 7 pp., 30 cm.1874 - includes - report by Hagenauer - general progress of the mission, very evangelistic; brief reference to Aborigines living in the district, p. 2. 1875 - Includes - report by Hagenauer which is empathetic to the slow progress on behalf of the Government in relation to A?borigines; prejudice to their ritual practices and gender roles; diminishing corroborees and practice of other ritual practices in favour of Christianity; limited funding; progress towards self-determination. 1876 - includes - general progress of mission; reference to proposal to remove children and mothers and some men from the Upper Murray and place them at Ramahyuck, p. 5.aboriginal mission station, ramahyuck (perry bridge, vic.) -- periodicals. | aboriginal australians -- missions -- victoria -- periodicals. -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Framed Poster
Map of the Dardanelles Strait, Turkey, used as a World War I recruiting poster Includes photographs of King George V; Major-General Sir W.T. Bridges; Brigadier General G.D. Legge; General Sir Ian Hamilton; and Lieut-General Sir William Birdwood and list of Australian Commonwealth Brigade CommandersPosters were used for various government propaganda campaigns over the course of World War I, most significantly to encourage enlistment, but also to raise money for war charities, to encourage saving and frugality and to rally the home front.Timber framed poster of map of Dardanelle Peninsula featuring soldier holding rifleIn top margin: "Rally round the flag, boys!" In lower margin: "Your King and country needs you!" ww1, recruiting poster -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages
Periodical, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 2010
'Whose Ethics?':Codifying and enacting ethics in research settings Bringing ethics up to date? A review of the AIATSIS ethical guidelines Michael Davis (Independent Academic) A revision of the AIATSIS Guidelines for Ethical Research in Indigenous Studies was carried out during 2009-10. The purpose of the revision was to bring the Guidelines up to date in light of a range of critical developments that have occurred in Indigenous rights, research and knowledge management since the previous version of the Guidelines was released in 2000. In this paper I present an outline of these developments, and briefly discuss the review process. I argue that the review, and the developments that it responded to, have highlighted that ethical research needs to be thought about more as a type of behaviour and practice between engaged participants, and less as an institutionalised, document-focused and prescriptive approach. The arrogance of ethnography: Managing anthropological research knowledge Sarah Holcombe (ANU) The ethnographic method is a core feature of anthropological practice. This locally intensive research enables insight into local praxis and culturally relative practices that would otherwise not be possible. Indeed, empathetic engagement is only possible in this close and intimate encounter. However, this paper argues that this method can also provide the practitioner with a false sense of his or her own knowing and expertise and, indeed, with arrogance. And the boundaries between the anthropologist as knowledge sink - cultural translator and interpreter - and the knowledge of the local knowledge owners can become opaque. Globalisation and the knowledge ?commons?, exemplified by Google, also highlight the increasing complexities in this area of the governance and ownership of knowledge. Our stronghold of working in remote areas and/or with marginalised groups places us at the forefront of negotiating the multiple new technological knowledge spaces that are opening up in the form of Indigenous websites and knowledge centres in these areas. Anthropology is not immune from the increasing awareness of the limitations and risks of the intellectual property regime for protecting or managing Indigenous knowledge. The relevance of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in opening up a ?rights-based? discourse, especially in the area of knowledge ownership, brings these issues to the fore. For anthropology to remain relevant, we have to engage locally with these global discourses. This paper begins to traverse some of this ground. Protocols: Devices for translating moralities, controlling knowledge and defining actors in Indigenous research, and critical ethical reflection Margaret Raven (Institute for Sustainability and Technology Policy (ISTP), Murdoch University) Protocols are devices that act to assist with ethical research behaviour in Indigenous research contexts. Protocols also attempt to play a mediating role in the power and control inherent in research. While the development of bureaucratically derived protocols is on the increase, critiques and review of protocols have been undertaken in an ad hoc manner and in the absence of an overarching ethical framework or standard. Additionally, actors implicated in research networks are seldom theorised. This paper sketches out a typology of research characters and the different moral positioning that each of them plays in the research game. It argues that by understanding the ways actors enact research protocols we are better able to understand what protocols are, and how they seek to build ethical research practices. Ethics and research: Dilemmas raised in managing research collections of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander materials Grace Koch (AIATSIS) This paper examines some of the ethical dilemmas for the proper management of research collections of Indigenous cultural materials, concentrating upon the use of such material for Native Title purposes. It refers directly to a number of points in the draft of the revised AIATSIS Guidelines for Ethical Research in Indigenous Studies and draws upon both actual and hypothetical examples of issues that may arise when requests are made for Indigenous material. Specific concerns about ethical practices in collecting data and the subsequent control of access to both the data itself and to published works based upon it are raised within the context of several types of collections, including those held by AIATSIS and by Native Title Representative Bodies. Ethics or social justice? Heritage and the politics of recognition Laurajane Smith (ANU) Nancy Fraser?s model of the politics of recognition is used to examine how ethical practices are interconnected with wider struggles for recognition and social justice. This paper focuses on the concept of 'heritage' and the way it is often uncritically linked to 'identity' to illustrate how expert knowledge can become implicated in struggles for recognition. The consequences of this for ethical practice and for rethinking the role of expertise, professional discourses and disciplinary identity are discussed. The ethics of teaching from country Michael Christie (CDU), with the assistance of Yi?iya Guyula, Kathy Gotha and Dh�?gal Gurruwiwi The 'Teaching from Country' program provided the opportunity and the funding for Yol?u (north-east Arnhem Land Aboriginal) knowledge authorities to participate actively in the academic teaching of their languages and cultures from their remote homeland centres using new digital technologies. As two knowledge systems and their practices came to work together, so too did two divergent epistemologies and metaphysics, and challenges to our understandings of our ethical behaviour. This paper uses an examination of the philosophical and pedagogical work of the Yol?u Elders and their students to reflect upon ethical teaching and research in postcolonial knowledge practices. Closing the gaps in and through Indigenous health research: Guidelines, processes and practices Pat Dudgeon (UWA), Kerrie Kelly (Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association) and Roz Walker (UWA) Research in Aboriginal contexts remains a vexed issue given the ongoing inequities and injustices in Indigenous health. It is widely accepted that good research providing a sound evidence base is critical to closing the gap in Aboriginal health and wellbeing outcomes. However, key contemporary research issues still remain regarding how that research is prioritised, carried out, disseminated and translated so that Aboriginal people are the main beneficiaries of the research in every sense. It is widely acknowledged that, historically, research on Indigenous groups by non-Indigenous researchers has benefited the careers and reputations of researchers, often with little benefit and considerably more harm for Indigenous peoples in Australia and internationally. This paper argues that genuine collaborative and equal partnerships in Indigenous health research are critical to enable Aboriginal and Torres Islander people to determine the solutions to close the gap on many contemporary health issues. It suggests that greater recognition of research methodologies, such as community participatory action research, is necessary to ensure that Aboriginal people have control of, or significant input into, determining the Indigenous health research agenda at all levels. This can occur at a national level, such as through the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Road Map on Indigenous research priorities (RAWG 2002), and at a local level through the development of structural mechanisms and processes, including research ethics committees? research protocols to hold researchers accountable to the NHMRC ethical guidelines and values which recognise Indigenous culture in all aspects of research. Researching on Ngarrindjeri Ruwe/Ruwar: Methodologies for positive transformation Steve Hemming (Flinders University) , Daryle Rigney (Flinders University) and Shaun Berg (Berg Lawyers) Ngarrindjeri engagement with cultural and natural resource management over the past decade provides a useful case study for examining the relationship between research, colonialism and improved Indigenous wellbeing. The Ngarrindjeri nation is located in south-eastern Australia, a ?white? space framed by Aboriginalist myths of cultural extinction recycled through burgeoning heritage, Native Title, natural resource management ?industries?. Research is a central element of this network of intrusive interests and colonising practices. Government management regimes such as natural resource management draw upon the research and business sectors to form complex alliances to access funds to support their research, monitoring, policy development, management and on-ground works programs. We argue that understanding the political and ethical location of research in this contemporary management landscape is crucial to any assessment of the potential positive contribution of research to 'Bridging the Gap' or improving Indigenous wellbeing. Recognition that research conducted on Ngarrindjeri Ruwe/Ruwar (country/body/spirit) has impacts on Ngarrindjeri and that Ngarrindjeri have a right and responsibility to care for their lands and waters are important platforms for any just or ethical research. Ngarrindjeri have linked these rights and responsibilities to long-term community development focused on Ngarrindjeri capacity building and shifts in Ngarrindjeri power in programs designed to research and manage Ngarrindjeri Ruwe/Ruwar. Research agreements that protect Ngarrindjeri interests, including cultural knowledge and intellectual property, are crucial elements in these shifts in power. A preliminary review of ethics resources, with particular focus on those available online from Indigenous organisations in WA, NT and Qld Sarah Holcombe (ANU) and Natalia Gould (La Trobe University) In light of a growing interest in Indigenous knowledge, this preliminary review maps the forms and contents of some existing resources and processes currently available and under development in the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia, along with those enacted through several cross-jurisdictional initiatives. A significant majority of ethics resources have been developed in response to a growing interest in the application of Indigenous knowledge in land and natural resource management. The aim of these resources is to ?manage? (i.e. protect and maintain) Indigenous knowledge by ensuring ethical engagement with the knowledge holders. Case studies are drawn on from each jurisdiction to illustrate both the diversity and commonality in the approach to managing this intercultural engagement. Such resources include protocols, guidelines, memorandums of understanding, research agreements and strategic plans. In conducting this review we encourage greater awareness of the range of approaches in practice and under development today, while emphasising that systematic, localised processes for establishing these mechanisms is of fundamental importance to ensuring equitable collaboration. Likewise, making available a range of ethics tools and resources also enables the sharing of the local and regional initiatives in this very dynamic area of Indigenous knowledge rights.b&w photographs, colour photographsngarrindjeri, ethics, ethnography, indigenous research, social justice, indigenous health -
Puffing Billy Railway
Double Headed Rail, circa 1872 - 1883
Double Headed Rail from Ravenswood Station Siding which was dismantled circa 1987 the two rails were stored for a time at Maldon before being donated to Puffing Billy Museum Bearing makers marks of Wilson & Cammell - Dronfield- Steel works Wilson & Cammell made Steel rails at their Dronfield Steel Works, in Dronfield, North East Derbyshire, England from 1872 - 1883 Double-headed rail In late 1830s Britain, railway lines had a vast range of different patterns. One of the earliest lines to use double-headed rail was the London and Birmingham Railway, which had offered a prize for the best design. This rail was supported by chairs and the head and foot of the rail had the same profile. The supposed advantage was that, when the head became worn, the rail could be turned over and re-used. In practice, this form of recycling was not very successful as the chair caused dents in the lower surface, and double-headed rail evolved into bullhead rail in which the head was more substantial than the foot. Info from Wikipedia - Rail Profile https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_profile The first records of double headed rail being used In Victoria by Victorian Railways was in 1859, the rails, chairs, oak and trenails were imported from UK. After the 1870’s the Victorian Railways went over to using flat bottom rails, but they still needed replacement double headed rail for lines already laid and this continued up to at least 1883 Wilson & Cammell - Dronfield- Steel works Wilson & Cammell made Steel rails at their Dronfield Steel Works, in Dronfield England from 1872 - 1883 Mount Alexander & Murray River Railway The Melbourne, Mount Alexander & Murray River Railway Company received parliamentary assent in February 1853 to build Victoria's first inland railway from Melbourne to Williamstown, and Melbourne to Bendigo and Echuca. Construction commenced in January 1854 with work on a pier at Williamstown but lack of funds slowed progress, eventually prompting the company to sell out to the government. The 100-mile (162 km) section to Bendigo opened in October 1862. Its cost of £35,000 per mile made it the most expensive railway ever built in Australia. In 1864, the line was extended to Echuca, tapping into the booming Murray-Darling paddlesteamer trade. info from Museums Victoria - Victorian Railways https://museumsvictoria.com.au/railways/theme.aspx?lvl=3&IRN=450&gall=456 1863 Ravenswood Station open on the 1st Feb 1863 Victorian Railways - purchased and imported the Rail and Chairs from Raleigh, Dalgleish, White and Co. London Importation of railway plant : abstract of a return to an order of the Legislative Assembly dated 27th June 1860 for - Copies of the advertisements calling for tenders, the names of the tenderers and the accounts and correspondence with Mr Brunel relating thereto GP V 1859/60 no. C 15 http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL1859-60NoC15.pdf Report from the Select Committee upon the Importation of Railway Plant : together with proceedings of the Committee, minutes of evidence and appendix GP V 1859/60 no. D 38 (2.9 MB) http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL1859-60NoD38.pdf Ravenswood Siding When the Victorian Railways were established in 1856 they adopted one of the popular British permanent way standards - heavy 80lb (36.3kg) double-headed rail held up right in cast iron chairs attached to transverse timber sleepers by wooden pegs called trenails. The Ravenswood Railway siding was constructed in 1862 with 12 feet wrought iron double-head rail held in cast iron chairs with Ransom and May patent compressed keys. Trenails held the chairs to the sleepers and the joints were secured in joint chairs. Joints were subsequently joined using fish plates. It formed part of the Melbourne to Echuca rail line, initially known as the Melbourne, Mt Alexander and Murray River Railway. George Christian Derbyshire, the first Engineer-in-Chair of the Victorian Railways was responsible for the design and construction of the works. No new lines were built in Victoria using double-headed rail after 1870. The siding was disconnected from the main line in 1988. The Ravenswood Railway Siding demonstrates the original 1856 philosophy of the Victorian Railways to adopt British permanent way technology. The siding demonstrates significant aspects in the development of permanent way technology in England and Victoria over the period from the 1830's to the 1880's. The chairs in the Ravenswood siding are physical evidence of early railway technology rendered obsolete 120 years ago, namely joint chairs at rail joints and trenails to secure the chairs to the sleepers. The double-headed rail demonstrates an important stage in the evolution of British rail technology in the 1830s. The old fish plates, square headed bolts and square nuts demonstrate the success of fishing the rail joins. The Ravenswood siding demonstrates the earliest form of rail joint technology developed in England, and existing in Australia, the joint chair. In part of the siding the sequence of joint and intermediate chairs is consistent with the 1856 specifications, that sequence is rare with the joints secured in joint chairs. The survival of chairs in this sequence is rare and almost certainly demonstrates that they remained in continuous use at the same location from 1862 to 1988. This remnant of the Ravenswood siding has survived 126 years. The siding has proved to be the most significant of extant remnant double-headed sidings in Victoria, containing a rare combination of early permanent way technologies. Construction dates 1862, Info from Ravenswood Railway Siding Victorian Heritage Database Report http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/4693/download-report The remaining section of this siding is significant at the State and National levels in that it demonstrates the use of chaired rail by the Victorian Railways Department for the Trunk Lines and, more particularly, the following stages in the evolution of this long obsolete method of permanent way construction: a) The use of joint chairs and intermediate chairs at regular intervals inferring that the original wrought iron rail lengths were 12 feet, as is known through documentary sources to have been the case. The survival of chairs in this sequence is unique and almost certainly demonstrates that they have remained in continuous use at the same location and in the same sequence from 1862 to 1988 . b) The use of joint chairs and intermediate chairs designed for use with trenails. c) The use of later intermediate chairs designed for use with steel pins and the use of fished joints with steel double head chaired rail, representing a second method of constructing the permanent way using chaired rail technology. info from Ravenswood Siding - Melbourne/Echuca Railway Line - Victorian Heritage Database Report http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/70103/download-report Addition to Citation for Melbourne to EchucaRailway Line 1/10/1990 Double Head Rail The surviving lengths of double head rail with chairs on this railway compare with one surviving similar remnant on the Geelong to Ballarat railway and are representative of permanent way construction techniques applied exclusively to the two trunk railways of the 1860's. In this respect they are rare survivors and may be unique at the national level and of technical importance at the international level to the extent that they enhance contemporary understanding of early railway building technology. Surviving lengths of chaired double head rail survive at Kyneton, Ravenswood and Bendigo on this railway and include a number of different types of cast iron intermediate and joint chairs with hardwood keys and metal pins. The Ravenswood siding is of special significance for the diversity of chair types and for the sequence of chairs recalling rail lengths known to be associated with construction of the line in 1862. Construction of the Railway Tenders closed on 24 March 1858 with no less than 133 tenders being received. A contract was let to Cornish and Bruce for £3,356,937 to commence work on 1 June 1858 and complete the line by 31 July 1861. Cornish and Bruce made quick early progress with the Melbourne to Sunbury section being officially opened on 13 January 1859. The line was officially opened to Bendigo (Sandhurst) on 20 October 1862 by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Henry Barkly. A great banquet was held for 800 guests and this was followed by a grand ball. The extension of the line to Echuca was a relatively simple matter as that part of the line was across plain country without any significant engineering challenges. Tenders were called for the work in 1863 and the work was completed in 1864 by contractors Collier and Barry Apart from the line contractors, other firms directly involved were J Shire law and Co (sleepers), R Fulton, Langlands Brothers and Co, William Crossley (water supply), B Moreland, Langlands Brothers and Co (platelayers lorries), E Chambers (iron pins, traversers), Miller and McQuinstan (luggage vans and steam engines) and various contractors for building works. Info from Engineers Australia Engineering Heritage Victoria Nomination for Recognition under the Engineering Heritage Australia Heritage Recognition Program for the Goldfields Railways - Melbourne , Bendigo & Echuca Railway Page 25 - .2.9.2 Statement from National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Listing number B5323 for Mt Alexander/Murray Valley Rail Line: Page 69 - Theme 3 https://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/portal/system/files/engineering-heritage-australia/nomination-title/Melbourne_%20Bendigo_Echuca%20Railway%20Nomination.pdf The Melbourne, Mount Alexander and Murray River Railway Company was a railway company in Victoria, Australia. It was established on 8 February 1853 to build a railway from Melbourne to Echuca on the Victorian-NSW border and a branch railway to Williamstown. The company struggled to make any progress and on 23 May 1856, the colonial Government took over the Company and it became part of the newly established Department of Railways, part of the Board of Land and Works. The Department of Railways became Victorian Railways in 1859. Construction of the Bendigo line commenced in 1858, but this private consortium also met with financial difficulties when it was unable to raise sufficient funds, and was bought out by the Victorian colonial government. The design work was then taken over by Captain Andrew Clarke, R. E., Surveyor-General of Victoria, with bridge designs completed by Bryson and O'Hara The contract for the first stage of the line from Footscray to Sandhurst (now Bendigo), was let to Cornish and Bruce for £3,356,937.2s.2d ($6.714 million) with work commencing on 1 June 1858. Completion of the permanent way was to be by 31 July 1861 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne,_Mount_Alexander_and_Murray_River_Railway_Company Victorian Railways - purchased and imported the Rail and Chairs from Raleigh, Dalgleish, White and Co. London Importation of railway plant : abstract of a return to an order of the Legislative Assembly dated 27th June 1860 for - Copies of the advertisements calling for tenders, the names of the tenderers and the accounts and correspondence with Mr Brunel relating thereto GP V 1859/60 no. C 15 http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL1859-60NoC15.pdf Report from the Select Committee upon the Importation of Railway Plant : together with proceedings of the Committee, minutes of evidence and appendix GP V 1859/60 no. D 38 (2.9 MB) http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL1859-60NoD38.pdf Victorian Railways : report of the Board of Land and Works November 1862 GP V 1862/63 no. 21 (2.8 MB) https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL1862-63No21.pdfHistoric - Victorian Railways - Double Headed rail Ravenswood Railway Station and Siding Victorian Heritage Database Reports Victorian Heritage Register VHR H1100 Victorian Heritage Register VHR H1786 National Trust VHR H1100 Mount Alexander and Murray River Rail way Line National Trust2 rail lengths of Double Headed Rail made of Iron makers marks : Wilson & Cammell - Dronfield - Steel and 20 joint chairs with metal rail pins Makers mark Wilson & Cammell - Dronfield - Steel (possible date 187? very hard to read ) puffing billy, double headed rail, wilson & cammell - dronfield - steel works, ravenswood station siding, melbourne to echuca rail line, initially known as the melbourne, mt alexander and murray river railway. -
Puffing Billy Railway
Zeehan & North East Dundas Tramway Bogie 1896, wagon bogie, 1896
Zeehan & North East Dundas Tramway Bogie 1896 The North East Dundas Tramway (NEDT) was a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge tramway on West Coast Tasmania that ran between Zeehan and Deep Lead (now Williamsford). It was part of Tasmanian Government Railways. The line was opened in 1896 to carry ore from the Williamsford mines to Zeehan where it would be loaded onto another train for shipment to Burnie. The narrow-gauge (2 ft) was chosen because of the extremely difficult terrain that the railway crossed, requiring several big trestle bridges, including one at the foot of Montezuma Falls. After some rain the engine and carriages would get soaked by spray from the falls. There was a break-of-gauge with the mainline 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) system at Zeehan. The railway was closed in 1932. The rolling stock for the Tramway was built in the Launceston Railway workshops, and comprised twenty five eight-wheel low-side trucks, tare 3 tons 1 cwt. 1 qr., load 10 tons; six eight-wheel flat trucks, tare 2 tons 18 cwt. 1 qr., load 10 tons; two four-wheel bolster trucks, for carrying long timber, tare 1 ton 19 cwt., load 5 tons; and four passenger cars, each with six cross-seats with reversible backs, to carry eighteen passengers, also a locker for mails and parcels. All trucks and cars have cast-steel wheels 21 inches in diameter and are fitted with automatic vacuum brakes. The trucks have side levers and the cars have hand-screw brakes. The vacuum brake can be worked from the engine or from the passenger cars, which act as brake vans. When this brake was introduced, one effect was to accelerate the journey speed by about 10 minutes owing to more even running on down gradients. Historic - Industrial Narrow Gauge railway - Bogie used on the Zeehan & North East Dundas Tramway, Tasmania, Australia Bogie made from steel, iron and wrought ironZN & NTDS ML TRAM 1896 Griffinpuffing billy, bogie, zeehan & north east dundas tramway bogie, zeehan & north east dundas tramway, industrial narrow gauge railway, gauge: 2' (610 mm) -
Hume City Civic Collection
Photograph, Pre 1989
The bluestone 'road over rail' bridge at Macedon Street is of state architectural, architectural, historical and engineering significance. It spans the first government regional railway. Its design and building was done according to strict English standards and made use of a bridge crossing instead of a level road crossing.A black and white photograph of a stone bridge with an eliptical arch spanning two rail tracks. A workman is standing between one set of tracks in the foreground and a railcart is next to the tracks. The station, footbridge and water tower are visible through the arch.road over rail bridge, bridges, sunbury railway station, water towers, pedestrian bridges, stone bridges, george evans collection -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Anglo-Australasian Photographic Company, Scene near Corranderrk Station, c. 1876
Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography. The 1860s marked the beginning of the era of reserves and missions. Six Aboriginal reserves were established during the 1860s. These were under the control of the Board for the Protection of Aborigines. Four were Christian missions receiving government aid. These were Lake Tyers (Anglican) and Ramahyuck (Presbyterian/Moravian) in eastern Victoria for the Gunai/Kurnai clans; Ebenezer (Moravian) in north-west Victoria for the clans of the Wimmera and Lower Murray; and Lake Condah (Anglican) in south-west Victoria. The other two were secular government controlled reserves: Framlingham which, like Lake Condah, was established for the Mara-speaking Gunditjmara and Kirrae-wurrung people of south-west Victoria; and Coranderrk, located about 60 kilometres north-east of Melbourne, for the Kulin clans of central Victoria. In 1863, after a period of devastation to the Kulin people, Coranderrk was established at the junction of the Yarra River and Badger Creek. Reference: http://coranderrk.com/, accessed 24 December 2016An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The series of 60 photographs that comprise the series was issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.Albumen silver photograph mounted on boardprinted in ink on support l.c.: SCENE NEAR "CORRANDERRK" STATION. / COPYRIGHT REGISTERED. printed in ink on support reverse c.: VIEWS OF VICTORIA. / (GENERAL SERIES.) / No. 9. / SCENE NEAR "CORRANDERRK" STATION. / This scene was taken from the hill near Rourke's Bridge, on the Healesville Road, and displays in the foreground / the River Yarra. The roadway which is seen in the mid-distance has lately been constructed by the Government, / as the old tracks which formerly existed, were liable to be swamped by the periodical overflowing of the River. Mount / Ridell can be seen in the extreme distance immediately behind the roadway. / Corranderrk is the local habitation / for the natives of this district, and is situated on the right hand side of the picture, about a mile and a half / from the roadway. printed in ink on support reverse l.c.l.: J.W. FORBES, Agent, printed in ink on support reverse l.c.: ANGLO-AUSTRALASIAN PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPANY, MELBOURNE. printed in ink on support reverse l.c.r.: 10 Temple Court, Collins Street West.nicholas caire (1837-1918), coranderrk aboriginal station, aborigine, yarra river, badger creek, first peoples, aboriginal and torres straight islander -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Plan - Subdivision Plan, Oswinia Estate, East Kew, c.1925
Prue Sanderson, in her groundbreaking ‘City of Kew Urban Conservation Study : Volume 2 - Development History’ (1988), summarised the periods of urban development and subdivisions of land in Kew. The periods that she identified included 1845-1880, 1880-1893, 1893-1921, 1921-1933, 1933-1943, and Post-War Development. These periods were selected as they represented periods of rapid growth or decline in urban development. An obvious starting point for Sanderson’s groupings involved population growth and the associated economic cycles. These cycles also highlighted urban expansion onto land that was predominantly rural, although in other cases it represented the decline and breakup of large estates. A number of the plans in the Kew Historical Society’s collection can also be found in other collections, such as those of the State Library of Victoria and the Boroondara Library Service. A number are however unique to the collection.Subdivision plans are historically important documents used as evidence of the growth of suburbs in Australia. They frequently provide information about when the land was sold on which a built structure was subsequently constructed as well as evidence relating to surveyors and real estate and financial agents. The numerous subdivision plans in the Kew Historical Society's collection represent working documents, ranging from the initial sketches made in planning a subdivision to printed plans on which auctioneers or agents listed the prices for which individual lots were sold. In a number of cases, the reverse of a subdivision plan in the collection includes a photograph of a house that was also for sale by the agent. These photographs provide significant heritage information relating house design and decoration, fencing and household gardens.The ‘Oswinia Estate’ subdivision in East Kew was planned and auctioned in the first half of the 1920s. 169 allotments were created in the triangular section of land bordered by High Street, Burke Road and the Government Boulevard (later Kilby Road). The only piece of land excluded was that where the previous Kew Pound had been located at the east tip of the triangle. Allotments were created fronting Glass, High, Namur, Oswin Streets, Irymple Avenue, and the Government Boulevard. The name for the Estate was derived from Oswin’s farm, which had been one of the largest landholdings in East Kew. The selling agents annotated the plan in our collection with crosses indicating those lots that had been sold. The inset locality plan is particularly interesting as it shows the route and stations of the Outer Circle Railway. When the subdivision plan was created, it included the proposed bridge over the Yarra at Burke Road. The bridge was to be officially opened in 1926.subdivision plans - east kew, oswinia estate, high street, glass street, namur street, government boulevard - kilby road, irymple street, oswin street -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Studley Park [Toll] Bridge, Kew, 1870s
‘Studley Park Bridge’ or ‘penny bridge’ linked Church Street in Abbotsford and what is now Yarra Bend Park. The privately constructed bridge opened in 1857, gaining its popular name from the toll charged at the Abbotsford end. The engineer of the 485ft wide bridge was Mr. Austin and the builder was ‘Mr Grant, who threw the bridge over the Niagara’. Following the opening of Johnston Street Bridge, declining tolls led to the Bridge falling into disrepair. Badly damaged by the flood of 1891, the Bridge was compulsorily acquired by the Government in 1899, and later dismantled and sold for firewood.This work forms part of the collection assembled by the historian Dorothy Rogers, that was donated to the Kew Historical Society by her son John Rogers in 2015. The manuscripts, photographs, maps, and documents were sourced by her from both family and local collections or produced as references for her print publications. Many were directly used by Rogers in writing ‘Lovely Old Homes of Kew’ (1961) and 'A History of Kew' (1973), or the numerous articles on local history that she produced for suburban newspapers. Most of the photographs in the collection include detailed annotations in her hand. The Rogers Collection provides a comprehensive insight into the working habits of a historian in the 1960s and 1970s. Together it forms the largest privately-donated collection within the archives of the Kew Historical Society.A print, taken in the 1960s by Dorothy Rogers, from an original albumen silver photograph now in the collection of the Kew Historical Society. The photograph shows the toll bridge (also known as the Penny Bridge) from the northern end."P[enny] Toll Bridge - built 1857. from old photo"studley park bridge, penny bridge, bridge, timber bridge, toll bridge -
Sunbury Family History and Heritage Society Inc.
Photograph, Rupertswood Viaduct
The stone bridge is one of the many bridges built along the Bendigo Rail Line. This one along with four others ar in Sunbury which were built in the late 1850s. his bridge spans the Ruoertswood Viaduct which is north of the Sunbury Station. The building in the LH corner was a pump house where water was pumped and taken to the water tower on Sunbury Station where the steam trains stopped to replenish the water tanks. The Bendigo Rail Line was the first Government owned and operated to be constructed in Victoria. Along the railway a number of famous bridges and tunnels were built and are of historical significance. The bridge spanning the Rupertswood Viaduct is one of them. A black and white photograph with a cream border of a high bridge spanning a deep valley. The roof of a small building is visible in the bottom LHS corner of the photograph.bridges, railways, rupertswood viaduct -
Halls Gap & Grampians Historical Society
Photograph - B/W
Relph Peak, named after A.U. Relph of the Government Tourist Department. See P67 of Bridging the Gap, by Ida Stanton. Steep rocky escarpment, valley down below, smaller range opposite, mountain rising higher in background.scenery, wonderland range -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper clippings, 27/05/1938
Article in Sun News PictorialArticle about V.C.P. Government and Transport Board Act and bridge between Phillip Island and The Mainland.local history, documents, newspapers, bridges, phillip island, black & white newspaper clipping -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper clippings, 1938
... of the Phillip Island Bridge League to the Government at the decision... to the Government at the decision to build a bridge to Phillip Island ...Letter to newspaperLetter to The Sun newspaper expressing the thanks of the Phillip Island Bridge League to the Government at the decision to build a bridge to Phillip Island.local history, documents, newspapers, bridges, phillip island, black & white newspaper clipping, j edhouse -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper clippings
Newspaper articleArticle about meeting of Dairymen's Association of Phillip Island to protest about withdrawal of concessions by the Company operating the San Remo - Newhaven Punt Service because the Government proposes to build a bridge.local history, documents, newspapers, punt service phillip island, black & white newspaper clipping, dairymen's association of phillip island -
Orbost & District Historical Society
label / sign, 1970's -1980's
This item was used by Victorian Railways in 1980's. It was inserted onto the side of railway freight wagons. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A double -sided rectangular shaped label / sign, heavily laminated.Black print on light brown background. On one side : "MASS 31 tonnes LOADED; FROM NOWA NOWA; LIMESTONE TO APM SIDING; TRARALGON". On reverse : "EMPTY FROM TRARALGON; TO APM LIMESTONE SIDING ; NOWA NOWA".freight orbost-bairnsdale-railway