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Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillageTool - Caulking Tool, A Mathieson and Son, Early 20th century
Caulking is the traditional technique used on wooden vessels built with butted or clinker-built planks to fill the gaps between these planks while still allowing the wood to flex and move. This involved driving the irons, hammered in with the mallet, deep into the seams to open them up. After this, spun yarn, oakum (hemp) or cotton was driven deep into the gaps. The hemp or cotton was soaked in creosote or pine tar to make the joins watertight. Caulking also played a structural role in tightening up the hull or deck by reducing the longitudinal movement of the neighbouring planks. The subject item was made by Alexander Mathieson & Sons but the company was established in 1792 when John Manners had set up a workshop making woodworking planes at 14 Saracens Lane Glasgow. He also employed an apprentice Alexander Mathieson (1773-1851). But in the following year at Saracen's Lane, the 1841 census describes Alexander Mathieson as a master plane-maker now at 38 Saracen Lane with his son Thomas Adam working with him as a journeyman plane-maker. Presumably, Alexander must have taken over the premises and business of John Manners. Now that the business had Thomas Adam Mathieson working with his father it gradually grew and became more diversified, and it is recorded at the time by the Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory that by 1847-1848 Alexander Mathieson was a “plane, brace, bit, auger & edge tool maker”. In 1849 the firm of James & William Stewart at 65 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh was taken over by Mathieson and Thomas was put in charge of the business, trading under the name Thomas A. Mathieson & Co. as plane and edge-tool makers. Thomas's company went on to acquire the Edinburgh edge-tool makers “Charles & Hugh McPherson” and took over their premises in Gilmore Street. In the Edinburgh directory of 1856/7, the business is recorded as being Alexander Mathieson & Son, plane and edge-tool makers at 48 Nicolson Street and Paul's Work, Gilmore Street Edinburgh. In the 1851 census, Alexander is recorded as working as a tool and plane-maker employing eight men. Later that year Alexander died and his son Thomas took over the business. Under the heading of an edge-tool maker in the 1852/3 Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory the firm is now listed as Alexander Mathieson & Son, with further entries as "turning-lathe and vice manufacturers". By the early 1850s, the business had moved to 24 Saracen Lane. The directory for 1857/8 records that the firm had moved again only a few years later to East Campbell Street, off the Gallowgate area, and that through further diversification was also manufacturing coopers' and tinmen's tools. The ten-yearly censuses report the firm's growth in 1861 stating that Thomas was a tool manufacturer employing 95 men and 30 boys; in 1871 he had 200 men working for him and in 1881 300 men. By 1899 the firm had been incorporated as Alexander Mathieson & Sons Ltd, even though only Alexander's son Thomas appears ever to have joined the firm so the company was still in his father's name. In September 1868 Thomas Mathieson put a notice in the newspapers of the Sheffield & Rotherham Independent and the Sheffield Daily Telegraph stating that his firm had used the trade-mark of a crescent and star "for some time" and that "using or imitating the Mark would be proceeded against for infringement". The firm had acquired its interest in the crescent-and-star mark from the heirs of Charles Pickslay, the Sheffield cutler who had registered it with the Cutlers' Company in 1833 and had died in 1852. The year 1868 seems also to be the one in which the name Saracen Tool Works was first adopted; not only does it figure at the foot of the notice in the Sheffield press, but it also makes its first appearance in the firm's entry in the Post-Office Glasgow Annual Directory in the 1868/9 edition. As Thomas Mathieson's business grew, so too did his involvement in local public life and philanthropy. One of the representatives of the third ward on the town council of Glasgow, he became a river bailie in 1868, a magistrate in 1870 and a preceptor of Hutcheson's Hospital in 1878. He had a passion for books and was an "ardent Ruskinian". He served on the committee handling the bequest for the setting up of the Mitchell Library in Glasgow. When he died at Coulter Maynes near Biggar in 1899, he left an estate worth £142,764. In the Company's later years both Thomas's sons, James Harper and Thomas Ogilvie were involved in the continuing life of the firm. James followed in his father's footsteps in becoming a local public figure. He was appointed Deputy Lieutenant of the County of the City of Glasgow and was made a deacon of the Incorporation of the Hammermen of Glasgow in 1919. His brother Thomas Ogilvie was recorded as a tool manufacturer and employer in the 1911 census. Thomas Ogilvie's son Thomas Alastair Sutherland Ogilvie Mathieson was born in 1908 and took a rather different approach to engineer, however, by becoming a racing driver. In 1947 he wed the French film actress Mila Parély. The firm had won many awards at world fairs for their goods. At the Great Exhibition, London, 1851. Prize medal for joiners' tools in the class of Cutlery & Edge Tools, Great London Exposition, 1862. Prize medal honoris causa. International Exhibition, Melbourne, 1880. Gold medal International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art, Edinburgh, 1886. Prize medalThe firm Alexander Mathieson & Sons were one of the leading makers of hand tools in Scotland. Its success went hand in hand with the growth of the shipbuilding industries on the Firth of Clyde in the nineteenth century and the emergence of Glasgow as the "second city of the Empire". It also reflected the firm's skill in responding to an unprecedented demand for quality tools by shipyards, cooperages and other industries, both locally and far and wide. The subject item is of further significance as it gives a snapshot of the technological development of sailing ships and their operation before steam-powered vessels took over around the world. Tools such as the subject item demonstrate the traditional craftsmanship and skill of the shipwright and the aesthetic quality of the timber ships designs of the time. Caulking tool Off-set. Stamped on blade "Mathieson & Son Glasgow" also stamped in handle, James S Steele tool box.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, james s steele, caulking iron, caulking tool, offset caulking tool, alexander mathieson & sons, shipwrights tools, ship building, clinker hull caulking, sailing ships -
Glen Eira Historical SocietyPlan - Pritchard Steam Power Company
This file contains one item: 1/A draft of a plan for a museum exhibit from the Spirit of Enquiry Workbook, by Denis Shephard, and dated 07/08/2007, pertaining to alternative energy research within the suburbs of Melbourne between 1950 and 1980. Much of the content is irrelevant to Glen Eira. However; one of the two principle subjects of the exhibit, discussed between pages 20 and 28, is the work of Ted Pritchard, who was based out of Caulfield. Ted and his father, Arnold Pritchard, aspired to reinvent the steam engine for use within the contemporary era. To that end, they fitted a Chevrolet pickup truck with one of their prototypes – with the result being one of the main items constituting the exhibit. Ted’s interest in steam power had been spurred by a working tabletop model of a steam engine that Arnold built for him – which constitutes another of the exhibit’s items. Also included is a brief history of the development of Caulfield. The plan is embellished with numerous images, with relevant ones including maps of Caulfield and black-and-white photographs of the Pritchards’ truck, model and workshop.engines, engineering, engineers, inventions, inventors, steam engines, steam power vehicles, pritchard ted, pritchard arnold, pritchard steam power company, caulfield, shephard denis, pritchard mrs., trucks, pritchard edward, holland grove, balaclava road, workshops, grants, pritchard automotive steam designs, caulfield racecourse, caulfield technical school, caulfield trades school, caulfield technical college, chisholm institute, camden town, southdown knitting company, home street, fl hutchison, fowler street, vale knitting mills, nepean road, winterfold spinning mills, acme knitting mills, glen eira road, mj ryan knitwear, leather industry, lane joseph, hotham street, casey william, glen huntly road, pickering william, paris leather manufactory, woorayl street, tv tatchell, premier wire works, webb street, chesterfield ha, manufacturing industry, victory milk plant, bl coram & sons -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillagePlaque - Nameplate, James & Alexander Brown, 1849 – 1931
This is one of two cast brass nameplates of James & Alexander Brown in our collection. The Newcastle, NSW, firm was renowned for its coal mining and exporting business established in colonial Australia in 1843. The firm had an office in Melbourne and sold coal for commercial use and from the Wharf for the domestic market. The coal was then distributed along the southwest coast of Victoria in steamships or steam packets and into the regional areas of Victoria by cart and wagon. In 1890 there was a strike of coal workers but the Geelong Advertiser, September 1, 1890, announced that “a firm of coal merchants only recently received some large cargoes from Newcastle”. This supply of coal could have originated at the colliery of James & Alexander Brown. About James & Alexander Brown: - James (1816-1894), John (1823-1846) and Alexander Brown (1827-1877) migrated with their parents from Scotland to Sydney, Australia, in 1842. The next year James leased land and was assisted by his brothers Alexander and John in mining coal in the area near Maitland. The market was very competitive, with the government controlling prices. James was instrumental in a legal battle that resulted in the introduction of open competition for coal mining. James and Alexander had become business partners by 1852 and moved south of Newcastle where they established and worked a profitable mining enterprise. Their assets by 1857 included a ships’ chandlery, a fleet of steamships and an overseas trading business. They were the first firm to import rum, sugar and coffee into Newcastle. By 1892 they were exporting coal to New Zealand, China, North America, and various colonial ports. They had elaborate workshops to service their own steam engines and steamships. They were the first to use a steam collier vessel in Australian waters and they set up the second tug boat in Newcastle, the beginning of being owners of many more tug boats and performing a towing business. By 1868 James & Alexander Brown was the largest coal producer in the colony. James focused on managing the colliery and Alexander on overseas trade. It was estimated that the firm had produced over eight per cent of coal in New South Wales by 1914. James & Alexander Brown advertised in the Melbourne Herald in the early 1900s and kept an office at Queen Street, Melbourne as well as at the Wharf, stating their telephone numbers for both places. The coal was available for ‘Immediate Delivery’ for household and industrial purposes. The advertising claimed that their Pelaw Main coal was the famous household coal that met the highest test in Australia and burned bright and clean. Domestic customers could purchase the coal at the wharf or pay for delivery. Commercial customers could load their purchases into their steamships or wagons for further distribution into regional Victoria. After James’s death in 1894 his son John managed the firm, which was also known as J & A Brown. John passed away in 1930 and his sons took over. In 1931 the firm amalgamated with Abermain Seaham and the new name was J & A Brown & Abermain Seaham Collieries Ltd. commonly abbreviated to JABAS, which merged with Caledonian Collieries Ltd in 1960 and Coal & Allied Industries Ltd. was formed. The pair of nameplates is significant for its connection with the firm James & Alexander Brown. The firm was established in 1845 and became one of the largest collieries in colonial Australia. It was involved in trading within Australia and overseas. James was involved in the introduction of open competition for coal mining prices. They were the first to use a steam colliery in Australian waters and the first to import goods such as rum, sugar and coffee into New South Wales. The firm had a Melbourne office in the early 1900s, selling and distributing coal throughout Victoria, which likely included the Port of Warrnambool, which opened in 1890. The nameplates are likely to have originated from the Melbourne location.Brass Entrance Name Plate, one of a pair. Eight holes are formed through the plate; one in each corner, and four more holes are within the inscription area. The cast plate has three rows of text with the company’s name and type of business. The plate was owned by James & Alex. Brown. "JAMES & ALEXR. BROWN / COLLIERY PROPRIETORS / & STEAMSHIP OWNERS"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, nameplate, james & alexander brown, j & a brown, james & alexr brown, colliery proprietors, steamship owners, ship chandlers, coal mine, coal export, australian import, australian export, newcastle, colliers, coastal trade, steamships -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillagePlaque - Nameplate, James & Alexander Brown, 1849 – 1931
This is one of two cast brass nameplates of James & Alexander Brown in our collection. The Newcastle, NSW, firm was renowned for its coal mining and exporting business established in colonial Australia in 1843. The firm had an office in Melbourne and sold coal for commercial use and from the Wharf for the domestic market. The coal was then distributed along the southwest coast of Victoria in steamships or steam packets and into the regional areas of Victoria by cart and wagon. In 1890 there was a strike of coal workers but the Geelong Advertiser, September 1, 1890, announced that “a firm of coal merchants only recently received some large cargoes from Newcastle”. This supply of coal could have originated at the colliery of James & Alexander Brown. About James & Alexander Brown: - James (1816-1894), John (1823-1846) and Alexander Brown (1827-1877) migrated with their parents from Scotland to Sydney, Australia, in 1842. The next year James leased land and was assisted by his brothers Alexander and John in mining coal in the area near Maitland. The market was very competitive, with the government controlling prices. James was instrumental in a legal battle that resulted in the introduction of open competition for coal mining. James and Alexander had become business partners by 1852 and moved south of Newcastle where they established and worked a profitable mining enterprise. Their assets by 1857 included a ships’ chandlery, a fleet of steamships and an overseas trading business. They were the first firm to import rum, sugar and coffee into Newcastle. By 1892 they were exporting coal to New Zealand, China, North America, and various colonial ports. They had elaborate workshops to service their own steam engines and steamships. They were the first to use a steam collier vessel in Australian waters and they set up the second tug boat in Newcastle, the beginning of being owners of many more tug boats and performing a towing business. By 1868 James & Alexander Brown was the largest coal producer in the colony. James focused on managing the colliery and Alexander on overseas trade. It was estimated that the firm had produced over eight per cent of coal in New South Wales by 1914. James & Alexander Brown advertised in the Melbourne Herald in the early 1900s and kept an office at Queen Street, Melbourne as well as at the Wharf, stating their telephone numbers for both places. The coal was available for ‘Immediate Delivery’ for household and industrial purposes. The advertising claimed that their Pelaw Main coal was the famous household coal that met the highest test in Australia and burned bright and clean. Domestic customers could purchase the coal at the wharf or pay for delivery. Commercial customers could load their purchases into their steamships or wagons for further distribution into regional Victoria. After James’s death in 1894 his son John managed the firm, which was also known as J & A Brown. John passed away in 1930 and his sons took over. In 1931 the firm amalgamated with Abermain Seaham and the new name was J & A Brown & Abermain Seaham Collieries Ltd. commonly abbreviated to JABAS, which merged with Caledonian Collieries Ltd in 1960 and Coal & Allied Industries Ltd. was formed. The pair of nameplates is significant for its connection with the firm James & Alexander Brown. The firm was established in 1845 and became one of the largest collieries in colonial Australia. It was involved in trading within Australia and overseas. James was involved in the introduction of open competition for coal mining prices. They were the first to use a steam colliery in Australian waters and the first to import goods such as rum, sugar and coffee into New South Wales. The firm had a Melbourne office in the early 1900s, selling and distributing coal throughout Victoria, which likely included the Port of Warrnambool, which opened in 1890. The nameplates are likely to have originated from the Melbourne location.Brass Entrance Name Plate, one of a pair. Eight holes are formed through the plate; one in each corner, and four more holes are within the inscription area. The cast plate has three rows of text with the company’s name and type of business. The plate was owned by James & Alex. Brown. "JAMES & ALEXR. BROWN / COLLIERY PROPRIETORS / & STEAMSHIP OWNERS"flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, nameplate, james & alexander brown, j & a brown, james & alexr brown, colliery proprietors, steamship owners, ship chandlers, coal mine, coal export, australian import, australian export, newcastle, colliers, coastal trade, steamships -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillageCraft - Ship Model, S.S. Nelson, 1877 - 1984
... the railway came to Warrnambool in 1889, the steam shipping industry ...This beautifully made ship model is a side relief of the steam ship “S.S. Nelson”, which was launched in 1877. The model’s case stands out because of its ornately carved internal frame. Relief models of ships, sometimes called half models, were often built by the shipbuilders as an exact scale model of the finished ship. The shipbuilders would use the model to ensure that the design was balanced. They would use the model as a point of reference during building. Also, ship models were used to demonstrate the designs to prospective buyers. It is not known whether this model of the “S.S. Nelson” was made for these purposes. HISTORY of the “S.S. Nelson” During the period 1840-1890 shipping was the cheapest and most practical means of carrying produce and goods to and from coastal towns such as Warrnambool. In the 1850s regular domestic steamer services began and by 1870 the passenger trade was booming. Passengers were taken to the ship’s side in small boats called lighters, which took it to ships at anchorage in Lady Bay, then climbed aboard up ladders or gangways. Their fare covered accommodation Saloon/Cabin section (higher class and more expensive) or the Steerage section (lower class and less expensive, below deck level). Produce included livestock such as pigs and fowls, and dairy products, bales of wool, and potatoes. The goods were loaded from the Warrnambool Jetty into the lighters. The S.S. Nelson was built by Messrs Blackwood and Gordon of Port Glasgow for a cost £25,000 in 1877. She was an iron screw steamer with an overall length of 200 feet, beam 25.5 feet and a depth of hold of 19.4 feet, which gave her a gross measurement of 649 tons. Her engines gave her a best speed of 13 knots and a maintainable speed of 12 knots. She was described as a handsome, star decked, efficient steamship, fitted with accommodating for 75 first class passengers in a saloon, and 40 second class passengers in a cabin. The S.S. Nelson arrived in the colony of Victoria on March 9th, 1877. She was first registered in Warrnambool by the Warrnambool Steam Packet Company under the management of Mr William Evans, and employed in the coastal trade of south west Victoria. She was very popular in 1878, registered under the new ownership of the Western Steamship Navigation Company, trading between Melbourne, Warrnambool and Portland. Captained John Nicholson commanded the S.S. Nelson after the previous captain, Thomas Smith, was suspended in 1882 for six months by the Victorian Steam Navigation Board following the collision between the S.S. Nelson and the S.S. Julia Percy. Other Captains include S Drewet and John Thompson. The S.S. Nelson was sold to Messrs. Huddart, Parker and Co. and re-registered in Melbourne on June 23rd, 1890. The new owners intended to use her for their Bass Strait crossing between Melbourne, Victoria and Launceston, Tasmania. On the night of Friday, June 27th 1890, under the command of Captain Carrington, she was on her way to Launceston on her first crossing for her new owners. She had no passengers and very little cargo and was to return to Melbourne with passengers the following morning. She was only 21 hours out of the dock when she struck Porpoise Rock in the Tamar River. All crew of 25 were saved but the bulkheads gave way and she rapidly filled before keeling over and disappearing in approximately 130 feet of water. The new owners had fully insured the almost 14-year-old S.S. Nelson with the Australian Alliance Insurance Company and she had only been in their possession for four days. This ship model of the S.S. Nelson is significant for its connection with the steam screw ship S.S. Nelson, one of a fleet of vessels owned by the Warrnambool Steam Packet Company. The S.S. Nelson was specifically built and purchased for the Victorian coastal trade business of the late 19th century, when shipping was the cheapest and most practical means of transporting goods and passengers between Victoria’s coastal towns and the major port at Melbourne. Once the railway came to Warrnambool in 1889, the steam shipping industry began to decline.Ship model; relief of the S.S. Nelson, showing deck superstructure, ventilators and single funnel. Ship's name is painted on the bow "NELSON". Wood model, varnished finish over natural wood and black painted areas. Timber case with ornate edging and glass front and sides."NELSON" painted on bowflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, s.s. nelson steam ship 1877, screw steamer, 1877 vessel, ship model s.s. nelson, blackwood and gordon port glasgow, warrnambool steam packet company, western steam navigation company, south west coast trader, sea transport melbourne to portland, victorian steam navigation board, s.s. julia percey, captain john nicholson, captain thomas smith, captain s drewet, captain john thompson, captain carrington, huddart, parker and co, bass strait crossing 1890, sea transport melbourne to launceston, porpoise rock tamar river, australian alliance insurance company, ship model making, vessels, victorian coastal trader -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillageBadge - Gripman Badge, Stokes & Sons, Jul 1916 - Nov. 1919
This cable tram Gripman’s badge, or driver’s badge, was part of a tram driver’s uniform. The inscriptions on the front of the badge identify it as belonging to Gripman number 14, at the South Melbourne Car House depot of the Tramways Board. The Gripman Badge would be re-issued whenever another Gripman takes over the position. Cable trams were invented in America in 1873. In Melbourne, cable trams were in use from 1885 until 1940, with a network of up to 1200 cable cars or 'dummies' and trailers travelling at around 9.5 miles (15km) per hour along 46 miles (74km) of double tracks. The Gripman drove the dummy car, operating the heavy levers to connect the gripping gears to the cable installed in a slot in the road. To turn at intersections he would skilfully disconnect, freewheel around the corner and carefully reconnect to the continuously operating steel cable. Large winding gears in an Engine House along the line pulled the cable along, powered by steam engines and later electric engines. The gripping gears were in the centre of the car's floor with seating all around the sides, a dangerous place for curious children. , whose worried parents would guide them into the tram that was towed behind the dummy car. The Melbourne Tramways Board operated the cable trams between July 1916 and November 1919 after taking over from the privately operated Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company. In 1919, the Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB) took over the Tramways Board. Stokes & Sons: - The maker of the badge, Thomas Stokes, migrated to Melbourne from Birmingham in 1854 and set up business in Mincer Lane as a die-sinker, producing medals, tokens, buttons and silverware, and an engraving service. He moved to Flinders Lane in 1856. After a time, in 1894, the business became Stokes & Sons Pty: Ltd, electroplates and badge makers at Post Office Place in Melbourne. The maker's mark 'Stokes & Sons' was made on badges until 1962. LOCAL CONNECTION: -t was common practice to recycle the used cables from the tramway. For example, the Wollaston Bridge in Warrnambool, Victoria, is suspended by recycled cable tram Melbourne. (Other recycled cables were used for fencing wire.) -Portland's cable tram is an example of the cable trams used in Melbourne from 1885 to 1940.This badge was used to identify a Gripman who operated a cable car tram's dummy car for the Tramways Board in Melbourne between 1916 and 1919. It represents the need for people to be able to identify workers in the service industry, a need still addressed today by staff ID badges and digital identification. The badge also represents the period in Melbourne's history when cable cars were used for public transport for over four decades, gradually changing from steam to electric power. Trams still have an important role in Melbourne's public transport. Badge, round hollow metal dome with two open metal guides on the back. A cable tram Gripman (driver) badge with embossed inscriptions on the front and stamped on the back. There is a logo of entwined letters T and B on the front. It identifies Gripman number 14, South Melbourne, Tramway Board. It was made by Stokes & Sons of Melbourne. Impressed into the front: "S / 14 / M" "GRIPMAN" Logo intertwined "T" and "B" Embossed on reverse "STOKES &o SONS"flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, badge, gripman, stokes & sons, numesmatics, tramway, tram, tram driver, uniform, cable tram, identification, cable car driver, tramway board, south melbourne, melbourne tramways board, tb, mtb, mmtb, melbourne and metropolitan tramways board, tramway button, gripman button, id, identification badg, staff badge, name badge, employee, grip car, dummy car -
Federation University Historical CollectionBooklet, City of Geelong West: Centenary Council Meeting and Dinner, 1975
The Geelong West Coat of Arms is divided into four sections representing Transport, Industry, Shipping and Agriculture. For Transport (top left) a steam train typified the Geelong-Melbourne railway. Top right showed a factory, bottom left was a sailing clipper and bottom right had bales of wool. The modern adaptation of the official Coat of Arms is used in the booklet.1 Booklet pages are edged with gold with banner at top. Yellow ribbon at spine. Photographs of councillors and Governor of Victoria .2 Thick paper with red writinggeelong west, coat of arms, transport, industry, agriculture, louis keavy, mayor, centenary, governor of victoria, sir henry winneke, government gazette -
Federation University Historical Collection
Booklet, Longman's, Green, and Co, A Select List of Books suitable for use in Science and Technical Schools, September 1904, 1904
Used at Ballarat School of Mines and Industries. The book was produced by Longmans, Green and Co. in 1904. The books are divided into sections: 1. Practical Elementary Science Series, 2. Elementary Science Manuals, 3. Advanced Science Manuals, 4. Text-books of Science, 5. Chemistry, 6. Physics, 7. Mechanics, Theoretical and Applied, 8. Optics and Photography, 9, Sound, Light and Heat, 10. Steam, 11. Building and Construction, 12. Magnetism and Electricity, 13. Engineering, Strength of Materials, 14. Machine Construction and Drawing, 15. Navigation, 16. Mineralogy, 17. Metallurgy, Astronomy, 18. Naval Architecture, 19. Principles of Mining, 20. Manufactures, Technology, 21. Geology, Physiography, 22.Hygiene, 23. Zoology, 24. Human Physiology, 25. General Biology, 26. Botany, 27. Principles of Agriculture, 28. Mathematics, 29. Geometry, 30. Trigonometry, Beige coloured soft covered book with 30 pages. Lists books suitable for use in technical and science schools.list of books, science and technical school, longmans, green and co., subject sections of books available -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Lee Breakwater, Portland, n.d
Port of Portland Authority Archivesport of portland archives, portland, maritime, marine, industry, harbour -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.Document - LUCY HILL COLLECTION: PIONEER REEFERS AND MISCELLANEOUS MINING EQUIPMENT, 1880s
Typed Notes Pioneer reefers Steam Crushers Many Ventures Indomitable Unearthed Quartz Crusher Reef Mining Water Wheel Tons of Golddocument, gold, industries, lucy hill collection -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.Postcard - BENDIGO SCHOOL OF MINES AND INDUSTRIES : POSTCARD 26 OCT 1906, 26/10/1906
Bendigo School of Mines and Industries. Postcard, black and white photograph, stamped on the reverse - Oct 26 1906. The stamp is a one penny stamp and postmarked - Bendigo 11.15, 26.10.06. Addressed to Mr H. Wagstaff, McDougall Rd. Golden Square. 'No lecture in steam & gas? Tonight' is handwritten on the card, signed by W. H. Walter. The printed information on the card provides information on courses and certificates offered by the School. Mr Walter is the Registrar.bendigo, education, mechanics institute school of mines, bendigo shool of mines and industries. w. h. walter. -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Photograph - Swallow and Ariell factory, Rouse Street, Port Melbourne, John T Collins, 9 Jan 1963
Shows Swallow & Ariell biscuit factory in Rouse Street. The building bears the name " Swallow & Ariell / Steam Biscuit Manufactory"industry - food, built environment - industrial, swallow & ariell ltd, rouse street -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BROADCASTING STATION 3CV, MARYBOROUGH, 2 March, 1956
Broadcasting Station 3CV, Maryborough. A souvenir of the opening of the New Studios and Offices of Central Victoria Broadcasters Pty Ltd. March 2nd, 1956. Established 1956, offices in Burke Street, opening coincides with the stations 21st birthday, March 2 for the former celebration, October 26 for the latter. Coverage included Bendigo, Ballarat, Daylesford, Castlemaine and Maryborough. 3CV plays active part in assisting charities and hospitals at Maryborough, Daylesford, Maldon and Dunolly. Active Women's Radio Club with branches in country centres adds strength to station's charitable efforts. Opening 3CV's new premises will widen the scope of the station's charitable efforts, and stronger link with Australian Commercial Broadcasting stations. Writer Harold V Nunn writes history of district of Mayborough. Manager Ken J Parker, Central Victoria Broadcasters Pty. Ltd. The Souvenir brochure also covers topics such as: deep lead mining. WWI. Houses being pulled down. New settlements of Mildura. Secondary Industries. Bowenvale, Alma, Majorca, Craigie, Amherst, Adelaide Lead, Havelock, Bet Bet, Bently. Primary production and a railway staff of approximately 150. Maryborough a little town without a future. Coal fields at Wonthaggi. 1917 a public meeting was convened in an effort to stem the tide of adversity. Mayor George Frost, M.L.A., decision to form a Progress Association, a policy of secondary industry was decided upon and committees were appointed, James L Drew much credit is due. Maryborough's move for rejuvenation was revolutionary, because apart from Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong, it was regarded as so much presumption that industry could be expected to function with success in a country town. Governments were unsympathetic. Maryborough & district people showed determination to succeed and their faith in their town. Employment and economic security provided by the industries outweighed the debt. Maryborough's general position is that it is no longer dependent upon one particular phase of activity. The first of the industries to be formed in 1918 was the Butter Factory. The nearer dairy companies did not take kindly to the prospect of another opposition company taking supplies from their districts, and in the first few years of establishment completion made the going hard for the management. But adopting a conservative policy and placing all profits to reserve I the first six years of operation headway was gradually made. Thus it was a red letter day for the company in 1925 when the first dividend of 5 percent was paid.1955 dividend of 10 per cent. Operating it's own trucks the dairy serviced local dairymen up to 40 miles. Maryborough Knitting mills est. 1923, having transferred from Clunes. Out bid Ballarat and Bendigo to the industry. The mill has what is probably the largest circular underwear plant in the Commonwealth, which is conservatively valued at 198,913 pounds. It produces between four and five million garments each year, worth over one million pounds. The company has established subsidiary mills at Dunolly, Talbot and Avoca. The company also assisted in the establishment of the Interknit Hosiery Co. Ltd., Clunes. The Maryborough Flour Mills is the second oldest of Mayborough's industries. It was built by Mr Cadwallader over 70 years ago. It was later sold to Mr. A Land and then to Jas. Minifie & Co. It had a somewhat 'in-and -out' existence until purchased in 1923 by Messrs. Willersdorf and Forbes, of Eddington. In 1939 the firm began to build silos for the storage of bulk wheat and the present storage capacity is 100,000 bushels. 1944 power was changed from steam to electricity. The mill has an out put of 20 sacks an hour. 1938 a chaff mill was built, and now is regarded as one of the best in Victoria. Its output in one year of approximately 6,800 tons is a State record for a single cutter. During this 30 year period Patience and Nicholson Limited has grown with Maryborough and is now one of the major key industries of Australia. The P&N brand covers precision tools - taps, dies and twist drills - indispensable to the country's economy, and quality is acknowledged equally by an air craft factory in Canada, a dockyard in Thailand, a railway workshop in New Zealand, no less than by our own Australian industries. Maryborough can be proud of the part played by P&N in war when, geared to the needs of the times, it poured countless millions of tools into defence factories and to the armed forces of the Allies, and now in peace when it is providing, hydro-electric undertakings and the manufacture of cars and tractors. From 1858, W Phelan & Sons Pty Ltd has made phenomenal and spectacular growth, becoming incorporated as a private company in 1929. It is without doubt the greatest private development in the history of Maryborough. 1940 joinery manufacture was commenced. The company entered the Ready Built Housing field in `950 - and in 1951 established a factory at Cairns, Northern Queensland to overcome the manufacturing difficulties being experienced due to the shortage of plywood in Victoria. Present activities include: Ready Built Housing Factory, on-site building, a modern joinery, timber yard, drying kilns, etc., and plumbing & electrical & engineering services, a door and panel factory at Cairns, retail hardware store, Melbourne Sales Depot. Hedges & Bell Pty Ltd were est 1945, with a staff of 40 employees are the largest printing firm outside the metropolitan area. The branch of Premier Wireworks is a contribution made by the decentralisation policy of the State.event, official, celebration, broadcasting station 3cv, maryborough. a souvenir of the opening of the new studios and offices of central victoria broadcasters pty ltd. march 2nd, 1956. established 1956, offices in burke street, 21st birthday. coverage bendigo, ballarat, daylesford, castlemaine maryborough. assisting charities and hospitals maldon and dunolly. women's radio club opening 3cv's new premises australian commercial broadcasting stations. writer harold v nunn writes history of district of mayborough. manager ken j parker, central victoria broadcasters pty. ltd. souvenir brochure: deep lead mining. wwi. houses pulled down. new settlements. primary production railway staff. coal fields wonthaggi. 1917 a public meeting was convened in an effort to stem the tide of adversity. mayor george frost, m.l.a., form a progress association, policy of secondary industry, james l drew rejuvenation was revolutionary, employment and economic security. the first of the industries to be formed in 1918 was the butter factory. thus it was a red letter day for the company in 1925 when the first dividend of 5 percent was paid.1955 dividend of 10 per cent. operating it's own trucks serviced local dairymen. maryborough knitting mills est. 1923 largest circular underwear plant in the commonwealth. established subsidiary mills at dunolly, talbot, avoca. interknit hosiery co. ltd., clunes. the maryborough flour mills it was built by mr cadwallader. mr. a land jas. minifie & co. messrs. willersdorf and forbes, build silos for wheat storage capacity is 100, 000 bushels. 1944 power was changed from steam to electricity. 20 sacks an hour. 1938 a chaff mill was built, best in victoria. patience and nicholson limited the p&n precision tools - taps, dies and twist drills. war, geared to the needs of the times, countless millions of tools into defence factories the armed forces of the allies, hydro-electric undertakings and the manufacture of cars and tractors. from 1858, w phelan & sons pty ltd, incorporated 1929. 1940 joinery manufacture. ready built housing field in 1950 - 1951 established a factory at cairns, northern queensland to overcome the manufacturing difficulties being experienced due to the shortage of plywood in victoria. present activities: ready built housing factory, on-site building, a modern joinery, timber yard, drying kilns, etc., and plumbing & electrical & engineering services, a door and panel factory at cairns, retail hardware store, melbourne sales depot. hedges & bell pty ltd were est. 1945, with a staff of 40 employees are the largest printing firm outside the metropolitan area. the branch of premier wireworks is a contribution made by the decentralisation policy of the state. -
Puffing Billy RailwaySteam Engine - Tangye single cylinder vertical, Circa 1920
Used by the Malvern city council until 1969 to drive a rock crushing plant. While large horizontal steam engines predominated in major factories, small vertical steam engines like this were the workhorses of industries that had modest power requirements. This reliable little engine, made by leading UK manufacturer Tangye Bros of Birmingham Steam engines had the advantage that any fuel could be used to fire their boilers, but they were less convenient and efficient than internal combustion engines, required operators with higher skill levels, and had lower power to weight ratios. Tangye Limited was founded in 1857 in Birmingham by businessman Richard Tangye (1833-1906) and his mechanic brothers James and Joseph; brothers Edward and George joined them later. Richard was born near Redruth in Cornwall and educated at the Friends School at Sidcot, Somerset, where he became a pupil-teacher. From there he moved to Birmingham to work as a clerk for an engineering firm. In 1856 he started a hardware factor and commission agent business in Birmingham whose customers were mainly Cornish mine-owners in the Redruth district. From 1858 Tangyes concentrated on the manufacture of machinery and secured the sole right to manufacture Weston's differential pulley block (object 2003/45/1). They established their Cornwall Works in the Birmingham suburb of Smethwick in 1864 and soon developed a huge range of products. It was stated that 'there are perhaps no other works in the kingdom so largely employed upon so great a variety of specialities as the Cornwall Works of Messrs Tangye Bros.' The Tangyes attracted creative people to work for them. They wrote: 'We are in a position to offer unusual facilities to Inventors for carrying out their patents.' Info about Tangye Bros of Birmingham from Powerhouse Museum https://ma.as/207954 Donated by Malvern City Council in 1969 Of Interest : The Vertical and Horizontal Tangye engines on display are of the design that won a Gold Medallion at the Paris Industrial Exhibition of 1878.Historic - Industrial Steam Engine Equipmentsingle cylinder vertical Steam Engine made of Cast Iron, (Painted)Tangye Birmingham Builder's number 2462tangye, vertical steam engine, steam engine, puffing billy, stone crushing, george and george, malvern -
Puffing Billy RailwayTank Locomotive, 0-6-2 T No.1 "Delta", 1950
0-6-2 Tank Locomotive No.1 "Delta" Gauge 2'0" Identification: 1 Delta Type: 0-6-2T Builder: Perry Engineering, Mile End, South Australia Builder's number: Perry 7967.50.4 of 1950 Building date: 1950 Current status - Static Exhibit Wheel Arrangement 0-6-2T Cylinders (Diameter X Stroke) 10 inches X 18 inches Boiler Pressure 180 psi Driving Wheel (Dia.) 28 ½ inches Weight 16 tons Coal Capacity 27 cubic feet Water Capacity 500 gallons The Perry Engineering Co, Mile End, South Australia built a total of 18 locomotives for the 2’0” gauge tramways used by the sugar industry in Queensland. This 0-6-2T locomotive was built by Perry Engineering Co. Ltd. of Mile End, Adelaide as their Builder's No. 7967.50.4 of 1950. It was used at Qanaba Mill, Bundaberg where it was known as No.1 "Delta". / Qanaba Mill No.1 No. 1 “DELTA” 0-6-2 TANK LOCOMOTIVE Gauge: 2 foot Built by Perry Engineering Company of South Australia in 1950 (Builder’s number 7967.50.4), “DELTA” is a medium sized Australian designed locomotive featuring Walschaert’s valve gear driving piston valves. Weighing 16 tons (16.3 tonnes) it was one of the post-war narrow gauge steam locomotives, which worked in the canefields of Queensland until 1978. “DELTA” worked at various sugar mills in the Bundaberg area and was finally withdrawn from service at Quanba Mill after a life of 28 years. Obtained by the Puffing Billy Preservation Society in 1981. Delivered to Australian Estates Co., Kalamia Mill named DELTA in 1950. Purchased by Fairymead Mill as No 20 DELTA. Purchased by Millaquin Sugar for Qanaba Mill as No. 1 DELTA, 1970 Withdrawn from service, 1978. Obtained by Puffing Billy Preservation Society for display at the Puffing Billy Museum.Historic - Industrial Narrow Gauge Railway - Steam Locomotive used in Queensland in Sugar Mill service. Locomotive No.1 "Delta" - Steam Locomotive - made of steel, and wrought ironDelta0-6-2 tank locomotive no.1 "delta" perry engineering - puffing billy railway perry 7967.50.4 of 1950, puffing billy, qunaba sugar mill, bundaberg, perry engineering, delta, steam locomotive, 0-6-2 tank locomotive no.1 -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, North Western Woollen Mills -- Steam Driven Power Generator
North Western Woollen Mills Steam Driven Power Generator. Two copies.stawell industry -
Nillumbik Shire CouncilSculpture: Matcham SKIPPER, George Dreyfus Composer, 1987
Eltham was a creative hub during the twentieth century, attracting innovative visual artists, architects, writers and film makers to collaborate, forging lifelong friendships and artistic legacies. Skipper produced this bronze sculpture of friend, Composer George Dreyfus for the then Shire of Eltham Art Award. Matcham Skipper (b.1921 NZ - d. 2011 Melb.) was a renowned local sculptor, jeweller and builder and an accomplished teacher, designer, ironworker, and photographer. His work is held by many museums and public collections in Australia and overseas. He was a long term resident of Montsalvat in Eltham with his family deeply involved in the building and evolution of this artists colony, which was the vision of architect and painter Justus Jorgensen. George Dreyfus (b.1928 Germany - arrived 1939 Aus) is an Australian contemporary classical, film and television composer. He has composed numerous film and television scores, including Tim Burstall's 'The Adventures of Sebastian the Fox' (1963), 'A Steam Train Passes' (1974), 'Rush' (1974), 'Dimboola' (1979) and 'The Fringe Dwellers' (1986). It was the score for 'Rush' which brought him wider recognition. He has written four operas, two symphonies, chamber music and film scores spanning five decades. Dreyfus is well known for having worked with the late director, writer and producer Tim Burstall, a key figure in Australian postwar cinema and local who lived in Eltham. Burstall was instrumental in rebuilding the Australian film industry in the 60s, creating groundbreaking Australian films including 'Stork' and 'Alvin Purple'. Figurative bronze bust of well known Australian composer George Dreyfus. He is wearing a shirt underneath a sweater. His left arm/hand is placed over his chest. His eyes are half closed as if immersed in the music. A green patina can be seen in areas on the sculpture. Signature and date cast (incised with tool) onto the back shoulder blade: 'MATCHAM SKIPPER 1987'ek prac 2015, montsalvat, eltham, george dreyfus, matcham skipper, bronze, bust, tim burstall, sculpture, rush -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, Heatherlie Quarry with Engine and carriages on the rail track
Heatherlie Quarry. Engine and carriages on rail trackTwo Black and White Photgraphs 213-4 One showing two people. One woman in the fore ground and one Male standing on the back of a Steam eanine behind carraiges. This photo is estimated to be taken between 1923- 1925.. 213-4a Black and White Photgraph showin train carriages in bushland with hills behind the carriages, and train tracks in foreground.stawell grampians industry -
Plutarch ProjectEnglish wooden ship model, Cutty Sark replica, circa 1997
This replica ship was modelled to exact scale by Denis Paraskevatos with the original basic kit enhanced by a large number of brass and mahogany wooden parts used and showing on two labels positioned at the base of the model. These replica parts were specifically designed and constructed by D. Paraskevatos with the help of his family. This model along a large number of others have been displayed at the Victorian Parliament for ten days from the 18th March 2002 (Queens Hall) to the 28th March 2002, and the Melbourne Town Hall from 19th to 27th August 2004. The history of the 65 meter British vessel named Cutty Sark is as follows: THE CUTTY SARK (history) The “Cutty Sark” was a British clipper ship, aptly named of course as a [clipper for its speed ], which was built in 1869 on the [river Clyde in Scotland ] by the Jock Willis Shipping Corporation. It was primarily used to transport tea from China to Great Britain, as well to a lesser extent later in its life, wool from Australia; however, with the advent of the steam engines and the creation also of the Suez Canal in 1869, its days of operation as a sailing vessel were numbered, as the steam ships were now prevailing as technologically advanced cargo carriers through the shorter route by the Suez Canal to China. In fact, within a few years of its operation, as its delegation in the tea industry was declining, it was assigned primarily the duty of transporting wool from Australia to England, but this activity was thwarted again by the steam ships, as they were enabled by their technologies to travel faster to Australia. Eventually, the “Cutty Sark” in 1895 was sold to a Portuguese company called “Ferreira and Co.”, where it continued to operate as a cargo ship until 1922, when it was purchased on that year by the retired sea captain Wilfred Dowman, who used it as a training ship in the town of Falmouth in Cornwall. After his death, the ship was conferred as a gesture of good will to the “Thames Nautical Training College” in Greenhithe in 1938, where it became an auxiliary cadet training ship, outliving its usefulness as a training vessel by 1954, and permanently [being dry docked in Greenwich, London, ] for public viewing. Of course, the “Cutty Sark” was not the only tea clipper constructed and owned by the Jock Willis Corporation, as there were others who were also used for the transportation of tea from China to Great Britain. Noteworthy additionally in its impressive resume is the fact that, the “Cutty Sark” was not only valued and admired for its speed, but also for its prestige that it afforded to its owners, [as media coverage was insatiable during a tea race that was regarded a national sporting event, with fiscal bets being placed on a predicted winning ship ]. Disappointingly, even though the English tea clippers were the best in the world at the time in terms of marine design, they had never won a tea race, and Jock Willis was certainly determined to achieve this goal, as the American clippers were considered the fastest in the tea trade. Nonetheless, the British clippers were proven to be formidable opponents to their American counterparts in the tea trade, when in 1868 a British tea clipper called [“Thermopylae”, managed to travel from the port of London to Melbourne, in only sixty one (61) days, which Jock Willis was hoping to improve on such a feat with the “Cutty Sark” ] . Remarkably, the maximum speed that the “Cutty Sark” could achieve was 17.5 knots in spite of the challenges of the unpredictable winds, if any at times, and the high seas or ferocious storms. Interestingly, [the “Cutty Sark’s” greatest recorded achievement in distance in twenty four (24) hours was three hundred and sixty three (363) nautical miles ], which meant that it was averaging approximately fifteen (15) knots; much faster obviously than the recorded twenty four (24) hour distance of the “Thermopylae” which had accomplished three hundred and fifty (358) nautical miles. .... ______________ -*- Please read the complete history of the Cutty Sark vessel by Maria Paraskevatos in one of the attachments provided with this exhibit. This model along with a large number of others was constructed by the Master craftsman Denis Paraskevatos, in Melbourne and has a historic, artistic significance because of the time and artist efforts in construction.The English Cutty Sark replica model is a wooden replica scaled at 1:25. The wood is mahogany and it is normally displayed in a glass covered enclosure. It has three masts and it is the largest vessel of Denis Paraskevatos collectionCUTTY SARK LONDONreplica, ship, art, model, cutty, sark, greek, artist, paraskevatos, παρασκευάτος, πανομοιότυπο -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph - Aunde Album 29, Steaming Line, 2002
... became Norwellan Textiles then AUNDE Industry Aunde Steaming line ...Aunde / Norwellan Textiles North Western Woolen Mills became Norwellan Textiles then AUNDEColour landscape photo: Steaming LineSteaming lineindustry, aunde -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, Sawmill
Group of men posing with steam driven sawmill in WA about 1915. Second from right is Jim Rathgeber from Concongella who enlisted fromthere and was Killed in WW12nd from right Uncle Jim Rathgeber (came from Concongella), in WA. He enlisted from here and he was Engine driver. Killed in Warengine, industry, forrest, ww1 -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Photograph, 1968 c
Black and white photograph of the steam driven Nought 40 pile driver which hammered the piles through the hollow legs of jacket and a further 150 feet into the sea bed, Bass Straitoil and gas industry -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Functional object - Propeller
The steam tug 'Melbourne' originally 'Howard Smith' was owned by the Australian Steamships Pty Ltd. It was launched in 1951 in Aberdeen and completed in March 1952. It operated in Melbourne and transferred to Howard Smith Industries in 1964 as the 'Howard Smith' and later renamed 'Melbourne'. It sank after colliding with the 'Nieuw Holland' off Melbourne in 1972 and raised and stripped by 1975. It was finally scuttled in Morton Bay in January 1979. Operated in and around Melbourne in the 60s and 70s and low lies as a reef in Morton bayPropeller ex steam tug 'Melbourne'mt melbourne, mt howard smith -
Sunbury Family History and Heritage Society Inc.Photograph, The Nook
The photograph was taken in The Nook. Terence O'Brien rented the land from Goonawarra from the 1890s to 1905 where he grew cereal crops. The terraces on the hillside were built to grow vines when the property was one of the first vineyards in the area. The men in the image are from L-R: Mr. Heath in the white cutter owned the chaff cutter, John Leyden with hand on fence, Michael Dillon, Terence O'Brien and Phil Ratile are on top of the haystack, Andy Burke standing with hand on hip.The growing and harvesting of cereal crops was an important agricultural industry in the early days of Sunbury's settlement by both the Indigenous People and Europeans.A non-digital photograph black and white photograph of eleven men gathering hay with the aid of a steam traction engine in a wide open valley. A hillside in the distance has been terraced and there is a house on the hill in the distance.the nook, terence o'brien, andy burke, mr. heath, michael dillon, philratile, goonawarra, vineyards -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, Bush Sawmill beside the Wimmera River in Dunolly 1993
Dunolly 1993. Bush Sawmill beside the Wimmera River. Wooden buildings in Background. Chimney of what appears to be a steam driven engine with flywheel and belt driving a saw bench. Several men in photo.water industry -
National Wool MuseumInstrument - Pressure Gauge, Dane Taylor & Co. Pty. Ltd
Used in the Albion Mill to determine the pressure in the departments requiring steam such as the boiler and dyeing rooms. Circular brass object with black hand painted text and numbers, and a central dial. Printed: PRESSURE / GAUGE / LBS. PER INCH. DANE TAYLOR & Co. Pty. Ltd. / MELBOURNE [on base]: 277828instruments, pressure gauge, albion mill, dane taylor & co pty ltd, south melbourne, geelong, wool industry -
National Wool MuseumInstrument - Steam Whistle
... Industry Printed: STEAM WHISTLE / ALBION WOOLLEN MILLS 1869 - 1964 ...Albion Mill Whistle – 'The whistle signalled the changes in shifts and Geelong residents regulated their lives by it.' – exhibition label, In the FactoryCylindrical shaped brass object mounted on a wooden base.Printed: STEAM WHISTLE / ALBION WOOLLEN MILLS 1869 - 1964instruments, pressure gauge, albion mill, dane taylor & co pty ltd, south melbourne, geelong, wool industry -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and ArchivesPhotograph
... with the lives of 10 crew members. ship boat industry belfast and koroit ...The steamer S.S.CASINO was much loved by the whole Port Fairy community- with the possible exception of some of the fishermen whose boats she ran down! Transport of the large quantities of wool, potatoes, onions, grain, sheep, cattle and other produce grown on the rich lands of the Western District Belfast was served by a plethora of shipping, both sail and steam, but only one of the steamers then in the regular trade (S.S. DAWN) would ever be able to get up the river and reap the cost savings of loading against a wharf. It was not unusual for four steamers to be anchored in the bay at once and for seven or eight different steamers to call during a week. A number of inter-colonial steamers also called to pick up produce for delivery to Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide. Production in the Western District was increasing and virtually all of that production had to go through one of the western ports in order to reach markets. By 1882 a meeting 15ft. March, 1882, in the office of auctioneer, J.B. HoIden in Cox Street took action and it was unanimously resolved - that the Belfast & Koroit Steamship Company be formed with a capital of £20,000 in 10,000 shares of £2 each". A number of steamers were offered by letter to the fledgling company, including the new and almost sister ships, CASINO and HELEN NICHOLL. The CASINO was on her delivery voyage from England was due to arrive in Warrnambool to load potatoes for Sydney and, initially, arrangements were made for her to call into Port Fairy for inspection by the BKNS Co directors. She eventually proceeded direct to Warrnambool and the Directors inspected her there. Without hesitation they purchased her even though they had to raise a large bank loan to do so. The CASINO arrived in Port Fairy on Saturday, 29th. July, 1882, steaming triumphantly up the Moyne River, and was greeted by crowds, many of whom had driven in from the surrounding countryside, which gave her “loud ringing English cheers". By 1884 the CASINO could not carry all the cargoes available to her and in December of that year the company purchased the new steamer BELLINGER to provide additional capacity. She helped to open up the intermediate ports of Lorne, Apollo Bay and Port Campbell, but the BELLINGER was not really suitable for the trade and she was sold in 1887, leaving the CASINO to operate alone -as she was to do for almost all of the next 45 years. The opening of the railway in 1890 decreased the cargo available to the steamers and the economic depression of the early 1890's worsened the situation. The weak soon began to fall by the wayside and when the Portland & Belfast SN Co. decided to go into liquidation in April 1895, the Belfast & Koroit Company bought the Portland Company's steamer DAWN on advantageous terms, a substantial part of the payment being in BKSN Co shares. The BKNS Co and the Howard Smith Line came into direct head to head competition and nearly forced the BKNS Co out of existence. Cargo dropped to such an extent that in 1899, they reached agreement that only one ship would run and that the ship which ran would pay a weekly amount to the competitor to stay out of the trade. This controlled service ceased in1909, and competition intensified when Howard Smith placed the newly built, larger steamer EUMERALLA on the run. The BKNS Co survived this competition and even prospered during it partly by extending on a more regular basis, the CASINO'S voyages to South Australian ports Port Macdonnell, Kingston, Beachport, Robe and, on occasions Adelaide. There were setbacks when, on 20 October 1924, CASINO went ashore at the Kennett River, near Apollo Bay, and again, in February l929, when she struck a submerged object at Warrnambool and had to be beached. The railways placed great competitive pressure on the small steamship company and this pressure was intensified when the Great Depression slashed the market for Western District produce, BKNS Co struggled on, paying dividends in most years, and the company planned a big celebration for the CASINO'S fiftieth anniversary in the trade on 29th July, 1932. Disaster struck soon after 9 o'clock on the morning of Sunday I0 July, 1932 when the CASINO was lost at Apollo Bay together with the lives of 10 crew members. Black and white photograph of s.s.Casino steaming down to berth at her wharf on the left fishing boats in foregroundship, boat, industry, belfast and koroit steam navigation company, moyne river, river, s.s.casino, wharf -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and ArchivesPhotograph, s.s.Casino
... with the lives of 10 crew members. ship boat sea river industry belfast ...This photograph show the ship in dry dock (possibly Melbourne) for maintenance. The steamer S.S.CASINO was much loved by the whole Port Fairy community- with the possible exception of some of the fishermen whose boats she ran down! Transport of the large quantities of wool, potatoes, onions, grain, sheep, cattle and other produce grown on the rich lands of the Western District Belfast was served by a plethora of shipping, both sail and steam, but only one of the steamers then in the regular trade (S.S. DAWN) would ever be able to get up the river and reap the cost savings of loading against a wharf. It was not unusual for four steamers to be anchored in the bay at once and for seven or eight different steamers to call during a week. A number of inter-colonial steamers also called to pick up produce for delivery to Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide. Production in the Western District was increasing and virtually all of that production had to go through one of the western ports in order to reach markets. By 1882 a meeting 15ft. March, 1882, in the office of auctioneer, J.B. HoIden in Cox Street took action and it was unanimously resolved - that the Belfast & Koroit Steamship Company be formed with a capital of £20,000 in 10,000 shares of £2 each". A number of steamers were offered by letter to the fledgling company, including the new and almost sister ships, CASINO and HELEN NICHOLL. The CASINO was on her delivery voyage from England was due to arrive in Warrnambool to load potatoes for Sydney and, initially, arrangements were made for her to call into Port Fairy for inspection by the BKNS Co directors. She eventually proceeded direct to Warrnambool and the Directors inspected her there. Without hesitation they purchased her even though they had to raise a large bank loan to do so. The CASINO arrived in Port Fairy on Saturday, 29th. July, 1882, steaming triumphantly up the Moyne River, and was greeted by crowds, many of whom had driven in from the surrounding countryside, which gave her “loud ringing English cheers". By 1884 the CASINO could not carry all the cargoes available to her and in December of that year the company purchased the new steamer BELLINGER to provide additional capacity. She helped to open up the intermediate ports of Lorne, Apollo Bay and Port Campbell, but the BELLINGER was not really suitable for the trade and she was sold in 1887, leaving the CASINO to operate alone -as she was to do for almost all of the next 45 years. The opening of the railway in 1890 decreased the cargo available to the steamers and the economic depression of the early 1890's worsened the situation. The weak soon began to fall by the wayside and when the Portland & Belfast SN Co. decided to go into liquidation in April 1895, the Belfast & Koroit Company bought the Portland Company's steamer DAWN on advantageous terms, a substantial part of the payment being in BKSN Co shares. The BKNS Co and the Howard Smith Line came into direct head to head competition and nearly forced the BKNS Co out of existence. Cargo dropped to such an extent that in 1899, they reached agreement that only one ship would run and that the ship which ran would pay a weekly amount to the competitor to stay out of the trade. This controlled service ceased in1909, and competition intensified when Howard Smith placed the newly built, larger steamer EUMERALLA on the run. The BKNS Co survived this competition and even prospered during it partly by extending on a more regular basis, the CASINO'S voyages to South Australian ports Port Macdonnell, Kingston, Beachport, Robe and, on occasions Adelaide. There were setbacks when, on 20 October 1924, CASINO went ashore at the Kennett River, near Apollo Bay, and again, in February l929, when she struck a submerged object at Warrnambool and had to be beached. The railways placed great competitive pressure on the small steamship company and this pressure was intensified when the Great Depression slashed the market for Western District produce, BKNS Co struggled on, paying dividends in most years, and the company planned a big celebration for the CASINO'S fiftieth anniversary in the trade on 29th July, 1932. Disaster struck soon after 9 o'clock on the morning of Sunday I0 July, 1932 when the CASINO was lost at Apollo Bay together with the lives of 10 crew members. Black and white photograph of ship in dry dockship, boat, sea, river, industry, belfast and koroit steam navigation company -
Wodonga & District Historical Society IncNegative - Haeusler Glass Negatives Collection - Harry Schuster blade shearing, c1910
The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s. The Schuster family were also of German migrant background. Johannes Edward Schuster was born in Hoyles Plains, South Australia and with his wife Johanna and young family moved to Victoria circa 1882. He took up farming land in Wodonga West. The St John’s Lutheran Church Sunday school hall was erected from part of the proceeds of the sale of some 41 acres of land at Wodonga West, which had been bequeathed to the Wodonga congregation by the late Johannes Edward Schuster. This land was the original home site of the Schuster family on arrival from South Australia. Shearing - Although the first mechanised sheep shearing machine was created by James Higham, from Melbourne in 1868, the use of blade shears were more common well into the early 20th century. Pastoralists on smaller holdings continued to either shear their own sheep or employ blade shearers rather than outlay the cost of machines. In large sheds, professional shearers worked as they travelled the country. They would earn around 17 to 20 shillings per day in the early days of the wool industry. However mechanisation continued and by 1915 most sheep shearing sheds in Australia contained sheep shearing machines. The original machines were powered by steam and later combustion engines were used. This digital image was produced from one of the glass negatives that form part of the collection, probably taken by Louis Haeusler (b.1887) with the photographic equipment in the Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection.This item is unique and has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of domestic and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.Digital image created from the Haeusler Glass negative collection. Harry Schuster shearing sheep using blade shears. wodonga pioneers, haeusler family, glass negatives, dry plate photography, blade shearing, schuster family
