This saw could have been used in industry or in a home situation. It was made by the H. Disston & Sons of U.S.A. This company was established in 1850 by Henry Disston and by the 20th century it was the largest maker of hand saws in the world. The hand saws used today differ little from this early model. This saw is retained as a good example of a hand tool that is over 100 years old. This hand saw has a triangular-shaped metal blade with a serrated edge on the straight side of the blade The handle is wooden with five metal screws. There is a metal plaque containing the name and emblem of the manufacturer. The saw is a little rusty and stained.‘H. Disston & Sons Philada’ ‘T.E.G.’ household tools, history of warrnambool, wood saw

This item is one of several tools that are believed to have belonged to the Warrnambool carpenter and businessman, Henry Phillips. English-born Henry Phillips (1821-1896) came to Australia with his wife Elizabeth in 1849. They lived for some time in Port Fairy. In 1865 Henry formed a partnership with Christopher Beattie and established the Warrnambool undertaking business of Beattie and Phillips. This business continued on after the deaths of the founders and lasted until the year 2000. In Warrnambool Henry Phillips was involved in the management of the Mechanics Institute.This tool is retained as an example of a vintage tool and as a memento of the Warrnambool carpenter and businessman, Henry Phillips.This is a chisel with a wooden handle that is in two segments and has a groove in the centre. The end of the handle has a cylindrical piece of tin attached. The chisel inserted into the handle is metal with a straight edge. The metal is a little rusty and there are traces of paint on the handle. vintage tools, henry phillips, warrnambool, history of warrnambool

Enamel pre dates Stainless Steel. This hospital equipment was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950s specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used int the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment.One big & 1 small. Could be used for soaking items. White enamel cup shaped bowls with blue rounded edge. Big one vertical sides. Small one straight sides open out slightly.Big - no markings Small - small black patch inside on base. On base outside in blue 'Lucky Elephant' written around outside of circle. In middle of circle is an elephant. Underneath circle is Chines writing and 'Made in China' Across bottom of circle: '313P-101. 10CM'hospital equipment. enamel. tawonga. mt beauty

Flavoring Essence was used for cooking. It came in small glass bottles. The History of the Bickford & Sons Company.Small brown glass bottle with a rectangular base and a tin screw lid. It has a yellow label on the front with the title Bickford's / Flavoring Essence / Raspberry. The bottle has straight sides tapering sharply to a short neck and opening.flavouring essence bottle; bickford & sons company

Wine was stored in bottles and bought at licensed premises either locally or in larger cities visited during shopping expeditions. The manufacture, glass, shape and colour of bottles varied.Historical: Change of bottles - shape, manufacture, glass Aesthetic: Display showing colour and shape.Fairly dark green glass wine bottle with straight sides about half way up before tapering gradually to the neck and then the top. The base goes up inside of the bottle forming a knob in the centre. Hand finishedbottle, wine, hand finished bottle, dark green glass

Chutney and pickles came in bottles at the local grocery store or at a large city store on a shopping expedition. The shape of the bottles changed as did the stopper used to seal it. This bottle may have been re used for home made preserves.Historical: Change of bottles - shape, glass, stopper, use Aesthetic: Display showing shape and sizeClear glass bottle used for storing pickles or chutney and sealed with a cork. Straight sides are 3 quarters of the way up tapering quickly into a neck and then the opening. The bottle has been joined longitudinally in 2 halves. There is no embossing.glass bottle, chutney, pickles, preserves, household

Medicines were sold by chemists locally or in larger cities when visited on a shopping expedition. The shape of bottles changed as did the stopper used to seal it. Bottles were re cycled remaining the property of the manufacturer. History of S.C. Johnson & Son Pty. Ltd.Historical: Change of bottles - shape, glass, stopper, use and embossing Aesthetic: display showing embossing and shape.Clear round brown glass bottle with straight sides three quarters of the way up tapering to a short neck and cork screw opening. Embossed '3' near the bottom and heavy embossing on base in print with capital letters.Side: near base: '3' Base: Around half of the circumference: 'This bottle is the property of' Base: Across the centre: 'S.C.Johnson / & Son Pty Ltd / Sydney'chemist, medicine, s.c. johnson & sons pty ltd., brown glass bottle

Postcard, WW1, Sepia image of a road called the "Mad Mile" at Villers Bretonneux. A straight road with defoliated trees on either side. Two vehicles a figures just visible in distance. G16 and GS handwritten in pencil on the reverse.postcard, postcard, ww1, villers bretonneux, france, 'mad mile'

This handmade women’s nightgown features hand-worked Broderie Anglaise yoke and trim. It is one of seven handmade items of white cotton underwear, all made with beautiful needlework and embroidery skill. The lingerie once belonged to the donor’s great-grandmother’s family, the Paton family of ‘Trefnant’, Yangery, in southwest Victoria. This design of nightgown was worn by females in the 19th century and is still worn today.The collection of women’s late-19th-century undergarments is an example of clothing that women would include in their wardrobes. The garments add to the study of the evolution of women's fashions and practicality for the early Australian settlers. The fine linen fabric and the careful needlework in these handmade garments and hand-worked lace trims reflect the maker’s dedication to making even serviceable garments beautiful to look at and wear. Women's long straight nightgown, white cotton, with long sleeves gathered at the cuff, stand-up lace collar, and a small catch closure on the bodice's centre opening. Hand-worked Broderie Anglaise yoke and sleeve tips.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, southwest victoria, victorian era, nightie, nightgown, women’s nightwear, sleepwear, night dress, women’s clothing, women’s fashion, lingerie, 19th century, handmade clothing, broderie anglaise, hand-made broderie anglaise, paton family, trefnant, yangery, nightdress

Straight razor in case. (00955/1). Blade of razor made by Cadman & Sons, Sheffield. Blade folds away into plastic handle. Case carries Crown & Sword branding [note: this is a different company altogeher] (00955/2).[on case] Crown & Sword Razor / Guaranteed [on blade] Made in England expressly foir G Peart / Tobacconist / Mildura [on blade handle] Cadman & Sons, Sheffield, England / logo BENGALL. crown & sword - g peart, mildura, cadman & sons, sheffield

Started as the Methodist Order of St Stephen which required at least 12 months sacrificial service for the church.Ten round The Uniting Church Order of St Stephen cream and red badges. There is a Latin cross in the centre of the badge with text around the edge. 5 badges have straight pins and 5 have brooch style pins."THE UNITING CHURCH ORDER OF ST STEPHEN"the uniting church order of st stephen

Made to measure by former owner of 'Just Ask Us', Jacaranda Court, Blackburn Road, Blackburn. Shop in Blackburn Road, Blackburn.Maroon dress - short sleeves 17cm nylon zip down back, lined in maroon polyester (synthetic) dress nylon (crepe). Cut of dress - straight A-line style. Kick pleat at back. Round neck line.Jean's Studio Australiacostume, female

It was made early 20th Century.A steel straight handled plough spanner with one curved head and at the opposite end three decorative different sized and spaced heads. It was used to tighten or loosen large nuts on a plough or other machinery in the early 20th Century. spanners, wrenches, tools, farm equipment, steel

Cream silk Nightdress - straight cut with bias near hem to allow Nightdress to flair. Embroidered in cream silk with open lattice pattern. Pocket and neck edged in cream satin. V Neck and sleeveless. Belt tabs.costume, female nightwear

An embellishment often used to create statement collar necklaces.Beaded collar to be attached by clasp, with a pattern of straight lines in bugle and seed beads. Triangular trim of bugle and seed beads along the edge. Two central large flowers of white seed beads with a yellow bead centre.bead work, collar, art deco

Original design by Dorothy Addlem in 1997. Embroidered by Dorothy who also taught her soft sculpture technique. Dorothy is a founding member of the Bendigo Branch of the Embroiderers Guild Victoria.3D soft sculptured wool bunny toy, embroidered using crewel wool in straight stitch, button hole stitch and french knits. The bunny is wearing a blue dress and standing on a separate base of embroidered grass and flowers

Tram 22 is a single truck, straight sill, closed cross bench known as a Sebastopol type. Photograph shows it at the Depot in Wendouree Parade in 1930. It stopped running in the mid 1930s and is now located at the off-site storage at Bungaree.Large sepia coloured photograph, laminated. No. 22 on front and side of tramtram 22, sebastopo, type, single truck, 1030, depot, wendouree parade, mid 1930s, bungaree, off-site

Coloured photograph of Tram 12 after it has been stripped back to its framework. Restoration of the tram would bring it back to its former state. Tram 12 is a single truck, straight sill, open combination tram.Coloured photograph showing frame of tram 12. Laminated.photograph, tram 12, framework, restoration, single truck, straight sill, open combination

Coffee / chicory and sauce were stored in bottles bought locally or at a large city store on a shopping expedition. The shape of the bottles changed as did he stopper used to seal it.Historical: Change of bottles - shape, glass, stopper, embossing, use Aesthetic: Display showing embossing and shape.Clear glass bottle used for storing coffee / chicory or sauce. The base is a square. The 4 sides are straight for two thirds of the way up then taper quickly to the neck and then the screw top opening. It is embossed on the base. The base is slightly indented.Base: Common seal: An 'A' with 'G' in the top half (of the A) and 'M' in the bottom half. Below this and across the middle '1129' and 'M' underneath. '807' is in one corner.bottle, coffee, chicory, sauce, household

Pottery jars were used to store dry goods such as tea, tobacco, flour etc. in the household. These jars usually had a cork stopper. Historical: History of Pottery available in the Kiewa Valley.Pottery storage jar made from red clay, fired and glazed. It has straight sides for 3 quarters of the way up from the base. It tapers to the opening which has a lip. It would have had a cork stopper.1G (meaning 1 gallon?) indented on the tapered part near the top.storage, pottery, kitchen, domestic

This a cheaper version of The Durham razors. The Durham Safety Razor Co. was founded in New York,N.Y.c1908 by Thomas C. Durham. The first Durham Duplex U.S. Patent was filed in October 1906 and then in January and March 1907. By 1920 Durham-Duplex claimed eight million users. after many mergers a successor company Durham Duplex in Sheffield England still operates selling blades and knives with retractable blades.The Durham Demonstrator was a popularly used safety razor and hair trimmer of the first half of the 20th century before the use of electric razors.A Durham Demonstrator. This is a hair thinning and trimming resembling a straight razor which folds back into the handle. The handle is black plastic/ composite. It still contains the blade which is double edged. it has a built-in open comb safety guard.On handle: "To Be Used With/ Durham-Duplex Blades" on one side and "Durham Demonstrator" on the other. The blade is marked "Pat'd U.S.A. May, 28 07"razor durham-demonstrator grooming hair-trimmer

Made and donated by Marjorie McKeown (nee Ford). This item is an example of a home-made item and reflects the needlework skills of women in the ffirst half of the 20th century when women's focus was the home and its decoration was important. Two black curtains made of heavy material. One is a straight curtain with a pocket hem and the other is smaller, with a curved lower hem and a deep black fringe. Both curtains have been decorated with large appliqued flowers and birds.home-decoration womens-handcrafts

This draw knife once belonged to a Sough Australian family of coopers, or barrel makers surnamed Schahinger. The maker was Hale Bros. of Sheffield. The brothers, John Thomas Hale (1853-1919) and Samuel Stafford Hale (1855-1948) owned the Moorfield Works. The firm's Corporate Mark of a horse's head was granted in 1842 and came with the statement that "All tools marked with a "Horse's Head" are Guaranteed". The firm made tools for edgers and joiners, wall drills, cold chisels, files and rasps, printers' and publishers' tools, butchers' and bread knives, and table cutlery. This draw knife was used by a cooper in South Australia for making wooden barrels in the traditional manner. The makers had a family business of making knives, cutlery and tools for trades people. This draw knife is relevant to the trades represented in a maritime village of the late 19th century. Draw knife; cooper's steel draw knife with bulbous wooden handles that have scored rings as decoration. The straight blade is 13 inches long. Inscription and logo of a horse's head on centre of blade. Made by Hale Bros of Sheffield. "HALE BROS / SHEFFIELD / - - - - " Image [Horse's Head]flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime-museum, coopers, draw knife, barrel maker, hale bros., sheffield, moorfield works, john thomas hale, samuel stafford hale, knife makers

This paint scraper was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. It is part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. ABOUT THE “W.R.ANGUS COLLECTION” Doctor William Roy Angus M.B., B.S., Adel., 1923, F.R.C.S. Edin.,1928 (also known as Dr Roy Angus) was born in Murrumbeena, Victoria in 1901 and lived until 1970. He qualified as a doctor in 1923 at University of Adelaide, was Resident Medical Officer at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1924 and for a period was house surgeon to Sir (then Mr.) Henry Simpson Newland. Dr Angus was briefly an Assistant to Dr Riddell of Kapunda, then commenced private practice at Curramulka, Yorke Peninsula, SA, where he was physician, surgeon and chemist. In 1926, he was appointed as new Medical Assistant to Dr Thomas Francis Ryan (T.F. Ryan, or Tom), in Nhill, Victoria, where his experiences included radiology and pharmacy. In 1927 he was Acting House Surgeon in Dr Tom Ryan’s absence. Dr Angus had become engaged to Gladys Forsyth and they decided he further his studies overseas in the UK in 1927. He studied at London University College Hospital and at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1928, was awarded FRCS (Fellow from the Royal College of Surgeons), Edinburgh. He worked his passage back to Australia as a Ship’s Surgeon on the on the Australian Commonwealth Line’s T.S.S. Largs Bay. Dr Angus married Gladys in 1929, in Ballarat. (They went on to have one son (Graham 1932, born in SA) and two daughters (Helen (died 12/07/1996) and Berenice (Berry), both born at Mira, Nhill ) According to Berry, her mother Gladys made a lot of their clothes. She was very talented and did some lovely embroidery including lingerie for her trousseau and beautifully handmade baby clothes. Dr Angus was a ‘flying doctor’ for the A.I.M. (Australian Inland Ministry) Aerial Medical Service in 1928 . Its first station was in the remote town of Oodnadatta, where Dr Angus was stationed. He was locum tenens there on North-South Railway at 21 Mile Camp. He took up this ‘flying doctor’ position in response to a call from Dr John Flynn; the organisation was later known as the Flying Doctor Service, then the Royal Flying Doctor Service. A lot of his work during this time involved dental surgery also. Between 1928-1932 he was surgeon at the Curramulka Hospital, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. In 1933 Dr Angus returned to Nhill and purchased a share of the Nelson Street practice and Mira hospital (a 2 bed ward at the Nelson Street Practice) from Dr Les Middleton one of the Middleton Brothers, the current owners of what previously once Dr Tom Ryan’s practice. Dr Tom and his brother had worked as surgeons included eye surgery. Dr Tom Ryan performed many of his operations in the Mira private hospital on his premises. He had been House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1902-1926. Dr Tom Ryan had one of the only two pieces of radiology equipment in Victoria during his practicing years – The Royal Melbourne Hospital had the other one. Over the years Dr Tom Ryan had gradually set up what was effectively a training school for country general-practitioner-surgeons. Each patient was carefully examined, including using the X-ray machine, and any surgery was discussed and planned with Dr Ryan’s assistants several days in advance. Dr Angus gained experience in using the X-ray machine there during his time as assistant to Dr Ryan. When Dr Angus bought into the Nelson Street premises in Nhill he was also appointed as the Nhill Hospital’s Honorary House Surgeon 1933-1938. His practitioner’s plate from his Nhill surgery is now mounted on the doorway to the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, Warrnambool. When Dr Angus took up practice in the Dr Edward and Dr Tom Ryan’s old premises he obtained their extensive collection of historical medical equipment and materials spanning 1884-1926. A large part of this collection is now on display at the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in Warrnambool. In 1939 Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool where he purchased “Birchwood,” the 1852 home and medical practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson, at 214 Koroit Street. (This property was sold in1965 to the State Government and is now the site of the Warrnambool Police Station. and an ALDI sore is on the land that was once their tennis court). The Angus family was able to afford gardeners, cooks and maids; their home was a popular place for visiting dignitaries to stay whilst visiting Warrnambool. Dr Angus had his own silk worm farm at home in a Mulberry tree. His young daughter used his centrifuge for spinning the silk. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time basis as Port Medical Officer (Health Officer) in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940’s when the government no longer required the service of a Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool; he was thus Warrnambool’s last serving Port Medical Officer. (Masters of immigrant ships arriving in port reported incidents of diseases, illness and death and the Port Medical Officer made a decision on whether the ship required Quarantine and for how long, in this way preventing contagious illness from spreading from new immigrants to the residents already in the colony.) Dr Angus was a member of the Australian Medical Association, for 35 years and surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942, He served as a Surgeon Captain during WWII1942-45, in Ballarat, Victoria, and in Bonegilla, N.S.W., completing his service just before the end of the war due to suffering from a heart attack. During his convalescence he carved an intricate and ‘most artistic’ chess set from the material that dentures were made from. He then studied ophthalmology at the Royal Melbourne Eye and Ear Hospital and created cosmetically superior artificial eyes by pioneering using the intrascleral cartilage. Angus received accolades from the Ophthalmological Society of Australasia for this work. He returned to Warrnambool to commence practice as an ophthalmologist, pioneering in artificial eye improvements. He was Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist to Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He made monthly visits to Portland as a visiting surgeon, to perform eye surgery. He represented the Victorian South-West subdivision of the Australian Medical Association as its secretary between 1949 and 1956 and as chairman from 1956 to 1958. In 1968 Dr Angus was elected member of Spain’s Barraquer Institute of Barcelona after his research work in Intrasclearal cartilage grafting, becoming one of the few Australian ophthalmologists to receive this honour, and in the following year presented his final paper on Living Intrasclearal Cartilage Implants at the Inaugural Meeting of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in Melbourne In his personal life Dr Angus was a Presbyterian and treated Sunday as a Sabbath, a day of rest. He would visit 3 or 4 country patients on a Sunday, taking his children along ‘for the ride’ and to visit with him. Sunday evenings he would play the pianola and sing Scottish songs to his family. One of Dr Angus’ patients was Margaret MacKenzie, author of a book on local shipwrecks that she’d seen as an eye witness from the late 1880’s in Peterborough, Victoria. In the early 1950’s Dr Angus, painted a picture of a shipwreck for the cover jacket of Margaret’s book, Shipwrecks and More Shipwrecks. She was blind in later life and her daughter wrote the actual book for her. Dr Angus and his wife Gladys were very involved in Warrnambool’s society with a strong interest in civic affairs. He had an interest in people and the community They were both involved in the creation of Flagstaff Hill, including the layout of the gardens. After his death (28th March 1970) his family requested his practitioner’s plate, medical instruments and some personal belongings be displayed in the Port Medical Office surgery at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, and be called the “W. R. Angus Collection”. W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Paint scraper, part of the W.R. Angus Collection. Metal blade, with wide straight, sharpened end. Wooden handle has squared end, two screws fastening blade. Blade and handle have holes made in them for hanging.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, dr w r angus, dr ryan, paint scraper, tool, scraper, household tool

This Singer Sewing Machine oil bottle was made by hand, with the glass blown into a mould. Isaac M. Singer established his sewing machine company, I.M. Singer & Co. in America in 1851. A brief history of the Loch Ard (1873-1878): - The sailing ship Loch Ard was one of the famous Loch Line ships that sailed from England to Australia. Barclay, Curdle and Co. built the three-masted iron vessel in Glasgow in 1873. It had sailed three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of recently married, 29-year-old Captain Gibbs. It was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen and candles, and a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. Other cargo included items intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The Loch Ard had been sailing for three months and was close to its destination on June 1, 1878. Captain Gibbs had expected to see land at about 3 am but the Loch Ard ran into a fog that greatly reduced visibility and there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. The fog lifted at 4 am and the sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast were much closer to them than Captain Gibbs expected. He tried to manage the vessel but failed and the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. The top deck loosened from the hull, and the masts and rigging crashed down, knocking passengers and crew overboard. The lifeboat was launched by Tom Pearce but crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. He clung onto its overturned hull and sheltered under it. He drifted out to sea and the tide brought him back to what is now called Loch Ard Gorge. He swam to shore and found a cave for shelter. A passenger, Eva Carmichael, had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening and was confronted by towering cliffs above the ship. She was soon swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He swam out and dragged her to the shelter of the cave. He revived her with a bottle of brandy from a case that had washed up on the beach. Tom scaled a cliff in search of help and followed some horse hoof prints. He came from two men from Glenample Station, three and a half miles away. He told the men of the tragedy and then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. They reached Loch Ard Gorge and took the two shipwreck survivors to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome and was presented with a medal and some money. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy.The bottle is significant for representing an early innovation in domestic sewing, the treadle sewing machine. It is also significant for its connection with the Loch Ard shipwreck. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck. The collections object is to also give us a snapshot into history so we are able to interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. The collection's historical significance is that it is associated unfortunately with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history. Clear glass bottle, straight neck, broad shoulders tapering to slightly narrower indented base. Bottle once contained Singer Sewing Machine oil. Inscription embossed in the glass. Bottle was recovered from the wreck of the Loch Ard.Embossed in the glass "The Singer Manufacturing Company" on one side on the reverse "Extra Quality Machine Oil." flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, singer sewing machine, sewing machine oil, singer sewing machine oil, oil bottle, isaac m. singer, loch ard artifacts, loch ard

Black and white portrait photograph of a man. He is wearing a black neck tie, white shirt and grey jacket. He has a short white beard and moustache. He looks straight ahead. There is no name on the photograph to identify the man.portrait photography, portrait