III GR on the top of the truncheon refers to King George the Third (r. 1760-1820). The truncheon was probably used by police during his reign.A heavy wooden truncheon 66 centimetres long and three centimetres diameter. There is a hole two centimetres from the top to put a lanyard through. The top seven centimetres is painted red with lettering (roman numeral 3) GR. The next nine centimetres is painted green with a gold and red crown painted on it. The next six centimetre section is yellow with gold lettering, G.P.A. and 1797 underneath. The last 44 centimetres is painted black.king george iii, truncheon

Fortuna Villa was initially commenced as a modest single storey home in 1861 next to the 180 Mine by Theodore Ballerstedt, who sold the mine and house to George Lansell in 1869. Lansell already owned the adjacent Fortuna Mine, and through deeper mining techniques greatly expanded the mine's operation, his personal wealth, and the house and grounds. Lansell was soon known as the 'Quartz King', Australia's first gold mining millionaire and credited as the driving force behind much of Bendigo's prosperity. He continuously added to and expanded the villa, decorating it extravagantly with the finest of artworks and materials, into a sprawling mansion with extensive landscaped grounds, to create a house and grounds of a size and grandeur with few rivals in Australia. After his death in 1907, his second wife Edith carried on with improvements, creating a house and grounds developed over 50 years. The attached mine also contributes to its significance, being one of the richest mines in Bendigo, and at one stage probably the deepest gold mine in the world at 3176 feet. The 1875 crushing works are attached directly to the mansion, and the mine's tailings and settling ponds (turned into ornamental lakes) represent a direct link between George Lansell's wealth and its source. Fortuna was compulsorily acquired by the Commonwealth in 1942 as the Cartographic Headquarters of the Australian Survey Corps during World War II, and many ancillary structures were added while preserving the main house and ornamental grounds. Victorian Heritage Database Report https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/68334/download-reportPreliminary report of Structural assessment of Building 16 Fortuna Complex, Chum Street, Bendigo. Four page preliminary report finding the building is structurally safe as at Wed 19 December 2007 with three recommendations. Prepared for DIGO by Structural Engineers - Terry Stevens Consulting Engineers Pty Ltd.fortuna, structural assessment

Fortuna Villa was initially commenced as a modest single storey home in 1861 next to the 180 Mine by Theodore Ballerstedt, who sold the mine and house to George Lansell in 1869. Lansell already owned the adjacent Fortuna Mine, and through deeper mining techniques greatly expanded the mine's operation, his personal wealth, and the house and grounds. Lansell was soon known as the 'Quartz King', Australia's first gold mining millionaire and credited as the driving force behind much of Bendigo's prosperity. He continuously added to and expanded the villa, decorating it extravagantly with the finest of artworks and materials, into a sprawling mansion with extensive landscaped grounds, to create a house and grounds of a size and grandeur with few rivals in Australia. After his death in 1907, his second wife Edith carried on with improvements, creating a house and grounds developed over 50 years. The attached mine also contributes to its significance, being one of the richest mines in Bendigo, and at one stage probably the deepest gold mine in the world at 3176 feet. The 1875 crushing works are attached directly to the mansion, and the mine's tailings and settling ponds (turned into ornamental lakes) represent a direct link between George Lansell's wealth and its source. Fortuna was compulsorily acquired by the Commonwealth in 1942 as the Cartographic Headquarters of the Australian Survey Corps during World War II, and many ancillary structures were added while preserving the main house and ornamental grounds. Victorian Heritage Database Report https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/68334/download-reportTicket for Fortuna Villa Tour conducted by the Army Survey Regiment and the National Trust. 31/12/1985. Black printing on yellow card.fortuna villa, tour

Fortuna Villa was initially commenced as a modest single storey home in 1861 next to the 180 Mine by Theodore Ballerstedt, who sold the mine and house to George Lansell in 1869. Lansell already owned the adjacent Fortuna Mine, and through deeper mining techniques greatly expanded the mine's operation, his personal wealth, and the house and grounds. Lansell was soon known as the 'Quartz King', Australia's first gold mining millionaire and credited as the driving force behind much of Bendigo's prosperity. He continuously added to and expanded the villa, decorating it extravagantly with the finest of artworks and materials, into a sprawling mansion with extensive landscaped grounds, to create a house and grounds of a size and grandeur with few rivals in Australia. After his death in 1907, his second wife Edith carried on with improvements, creating a house and grounds developed over 50 years. The attached mine also contributes to its significance, being one of the richest mines in Bendigo, and at one stage probably the deepest gold mine in the world at 3176 feet. The 1875 crushing works are attached directly to the mansion, and the mine's tailings and settling ponds (turned into ornamental lakes) represent a direct link between George Lansell's wealth and its source. Fortuna was compulsorily acquired by the Commonwealth in 1942 as the Cartographic Headquarters of the Australian Survey Corps during World War II, and many ancillary structures were added while preserving the main house and ornamental grounds. Victorian Heritage Database Report https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/68334/download-reportProposal for the formation of a Fortuna Commission to ensure the preservation of Fortuna Villa. Written by Daryl McClure. May 2012fortuna villa, preservation, daryl mcclure

George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death on 6 February 1952. He was also the last Emperor of India from 1936 until the British Raj was dissolved in August 1947, and the first head of the Commonwealth following the London Declaration of 1949, He married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in 1923, and they had two daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret. KEELE STREET POTTERY (K.S.P) CO. LTD 1915–1958 Earthenware manufacturer at Keele St, Tunstall (to c.1958) and then at Meir Airport, Longton, as part of the Staffordshire Potteries Group.Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth c.1937 Commemorative Ceramic Mug. Individual Photo of King George and Queen Elizabeth surrounded by yellow wreath. 2 Flags either side. Crown in center of photos and G and E either side of Crown. Gold embossing on lip of mug. Writing at bottom of transfer is missing.KSP C England on basecoronation 1936, king george vi

King George VI was the second son of King George V and Queen Mary. He was Duke of York from 1920 to 1936, living in London and also (from 1932) at Royal Lodge, Windsor Great Park. In 1923 he married Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon; their elder daughter, later Queen Elizabeth II, was born in 1926. George VI succeeded to the throne on the abdication of his brother, King Edward VIII, in December 1936. Handkerchief produced as a souvenir for the Coronation of King George V1 and Queen Elizabeth on 12 May 1937. Images of the king and queen are set on either side of a circular view of Buckingham palace surrounded with representative flags and the Monarch's crown. Commonwealth (Empire) flags are placed at each corner. The British flag is below the image of the Palace. the flags are joined by a knotted circular gold coloured cord that traces the figures of the King and Queen. main colours are red, blue, white and gold on a cream background. handkerchief, coronation, 1937, king george vi

A Rawlings, John Newcombe Court King tennis racquet, with plastic whipping around shoulders and shaft, and mottled leather handle grip. Rawlings logo features across base of head. Model name features across throat. Inscription: LAMINATED CONSTRUCTION features along shaft. Gold Rawlings 'R' trademark features on lower shaft. Red, white and black 'R' trademark features in sunken butt cap. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Ink, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Plastic, Adhesive tape, Paint, Leather, Plastic, Cloth tapetennis

A Wilson Billie Jean King Valiant tennis racquet. Base of head features Wilson logo, flanked by blue and gold diamond devices. Throat features a head and neck photo decal of King. Base of shaft and butt cap features the 'W' trademark. Leather handle grip features floral perforations. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Glue, Metal, Lacquer, Paint, Adhesive tape, Plastic, Plastictennis

A Bancroft Court King tennis racquet, with plastic whipping from shoulders to shaft, and leather handle with patterned perforations. Bancroft logo features across base of head. Throat features model name, and decal illustrations of a stylised gold crown above a black fleur-de-lis. Wreathed 'B' trademark features on lower shaft. Name written along shaft on obverse: DAWN/ALEXANDER. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Ink, Plastic, Cloth, Adhesive tape, Painttennis

A Bancroft Billie Jean King Personal tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders and shaft, fibreglass reinforcements, and leather handle grip with patterned perforations. Bancroft logo features across base of head. Throat features model name along with a gold fleur-de-lis device. Lower shaft features white 'B' trademark. Older red 'B' trademark on butt cap. Materials: Wood, Leather, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Ink, Plastic, Paint, Adhesive tape, Ribbon, Nylon, Fibreglasstennis

The King's Colour was presented to 8th Light Horse in 1904 for service in South Africa. It, together with the 1920 Colour, was laid up in the Anglican Church Benalla. In 1976 both colours were found in a cupboard at the church. The 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regiment arranged for a case for the colours to be mounted on the wall at the church. In the early eighties it became necessary to remove the case to allow building work at the church and the case and colours were donated to the 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection. Representative example of a King's Colour dating from 1904 presented to a Light Horse Regiment with a close connection to regional Victoria. It is well provenanced, and mounted together with the 1920 Colour making it a rare object indeed.Rectangular Union Jack flag (King's Colour) fringed with maroon and gold cord and mounted in a stained timber, glass fronted case, together with a second flag of similar appearance; The case has three engraved metal plaques affixed to the lower case.On plaque under flag: "The King's Colour presented to 8 Light Horse Regiment (Victorian Mounted Rifles) November 1904 For service in the Boer War". Plaque in the lower right corner of case: "This case was presented by the 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles 1976".flag, king's colour

The King's Colour was presented to 8th Indi Light Horse in 1920 for service in the Great War. It, together with the 1904 Colour, was laid up in the Anglican Church Benalla. In 1976 both colours were found in a cupboard at the church. The 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regiment arranged for a case for the colours to be mounted on the wall at the church. In the early eighties it became necessary to remove the case to allow building work at the church and the case and colours were donated to the 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection.Representative example of a King's Colour dating from 1920 presented to a Light Horse Regiment with a close connection to regional Victoria. It is well provenanced, and mounted together with the 1904 Colour making it a rare object indeed.Rectangular Union Jack flag (King's Colour) fringed with maroon and gold cord and mounted in a stained timber, glass fronted case, together with a second flag of similar appearance; The case has three engraved metal plaques affixed to the lower case.On plaque under flag: "The King's Colour presented to 8 Indi Light Horse August 1920 For service in the Great War". Plaque in the lower right corner of case: "This case was presented by the 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles 1976".king's colour, flag, 8th light horse regiment

The 13th Light Horse was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in March 1915 from volunteers from across Victoria. The regiment served at Gallipoli, Egypt and on the Western Front. The guidon, emblazoned with the battle honours, was presented in 1927. In 1948 when 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles was raised as the descendent regiment of the 8th, 13th and 20th Light Horse Regiments it became the custodian of the three guidons including that of the 13th Light Horse. In 1991, the two Victorian mounted regiments 8/13th VMR and 4/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse were linked to form a single regiment which had custodianship of six guidons, 4th, 8th 13th, 17th 19th and 20th Light Horse Regiments. All except the 4th Light Horse Guidon were laid up at the Shrine in August 2005. The 4th guidon is to be laid up in November 2017.A representative example of a symbol of the esprit de corps and achievements of a regiment of citizen soldiers drawn from Victoria. Well provenanced and fine example of military heraldic art.Burgundy corded cotton flag with gold thread fringe with rope and tassels. at centre is 13th Light Horse emblem incorporating horse and red and white diamond colour patch, surrounded by wattle wreath and surmounted by king's crown. XIII in top left corner and battle honours on either side of centre motif, "South Africa 1899-1902, Pozieres, Arras 1917, Amiens 1918, France and Flanders 1916-18, Egypt 1915-16, Somme 1916-18, Bapaume 1917, Ypres 1917, Albery 1918, Gallipoli 1915"13th light horse regiment, guidon, flag

A circular celluloid and tin button badge with stick pin at back. The badge features black text 'RED TRIANGLE DAY 1 JUNE 1917' printed in a gold border around the outer edge and white text 'GOD/​ KING/​ COUNTRY' in a red triangle in the centre. The centre background is white. During World War I, a large number of benevolent and patriotic organisations and charities were formed to raise money from the public for Australia’s war effort and soldiers, whilst other established organisations held specific patriotic fund raising days. Red Triangle Day was an initiative of the Young Men's Christian Association, commonly known as the YMCA and this badge incorporates the red triangle used as the everyday logo of the YMCA from 1897 to 1967. In 1917 Red Triangle Day raised £159,037 28 towards the war work of the YMCA.A circular celluloid and tin button badge with stick pin at back. The badge features black text 'RED TRIANGLE DAY 1 JUNE 1917' printed in a gold border around the outer edge and white text 'GOD/​ KING/​ COUNTRY' in a red triangle in the centre. The centre background is white. During World War I, a large number of benevolent and patriotic organisations and charities were formed to raise money from the public for Australia’s war effort and soldiers, whilst other established organisations held specific patriotic fund raising days. Red Triangle Day was an initiative of the Young Men's Christian Association, commonly known as the YMCA and this badge incorporates the red triangle used as the everyday logo of the YMCA from 1897 to 1967. In 1917 Red Triangle Day raised £159,037 28 towards the war work of the YMCA.Red Triangle Day God King Country

Written for the Family Reunion at Crowlands In March 1989. The Boatman Family were Pioneers at Crowlands & Eversley. The Family intertwined with the Kingstons of Stawell and Many other district families. Green Textured card with black tape on spine.Gold Ink in centre "Boatman Family History" inside Singed by the Author: Dorothy King 1989. Dorothy the Stawell Historian, is related to the Boatmans through the Kingstons.stawell

A wooden honour board depicting the names of the World War One enlistments from the South Melbourne Rowing Club. The names are written in gold lettering.G. Anderson, W. Allen (K), C. Bond, A. Crook, W. Curtis, C.C. Clarke, N. Campbell, H. Dehn, J. Hadaway, S. Hutcheson, H.E. Jones (K), N. Jackson (K), H.C. Kennett, F.L. Loud (K), L. Lowe, J. Minford, P.J.G. Maher, J. Meens (K), J.G. McKay, W. Nolan (K), V. Rees, Dr J.W. Rock, J.J. Scanlon, A. Ternes, G. Turnbull, G. Tully, V. Whelan (K), W.T. Wilkinson, C.C. King, W.A. Graham, W.A. Maxwellsouth melbourne rowing club, apsm rowing club, albert park lake, rowing, anderson, g., allan, william, bond, charles, crook, arthur, curtis, w., campbell, norman, dehn, james herbert, graham, w.a., hadaway, ernest john, hutcheson, sydney, jackson, norman, jones, herbert evan, kennett, henry clifford, clarke, c., king, clarence campbell, loud, frederick leslie, lowe, l., maher, percival john godfrey, maxwell, wilfred armstrong, mckay, j.g., meens, alexander john, minford, john, nolan, w., rees, v., rock, j. william, scanlan, john joseph, ternes, albert james, tully, gerald marcus, turnbull, g., whelan, victor, wilkinson, william thomas

Fundraising badge produced to celebrate the 1919 peace. Many badges were produced at this time for popular causes. Such badges were sold in trams, buses, at railways stations and at rallies to raise money for the stated cause. This badge was produced to raise money for those affect by the war in the Geelong and District region. Badges were a popular fundraising option because of their affordable nature making them available to much of the public, while their design made them popular for collecting well into the future. Badge, circular. Pin back with celluloid cover. Printed in cream, gold and blue. The outer edge is in gold with blue lettering; the inner circle has a white dove holding an olive branch in its beak with lettering in blue below. Attached to the badge through the pin is a small cloth badge in red, white and blue depicting the Union Jack, with lettering across the central bar.GEELONG & DISTRICT / CELEBRATIONS 1919 / PEACE KING & COUNTRY1919, wwi, geelong and district, fundraising

Framed portrait of Tilly Aston who began the Association for the Advancement of the Blind, a forerunner to the Association for the Blind. It is part of a series of paintings commissioned by the AFB Board to commemorate the work of past presidents of the organisation. Tilly sits with one hand resting against a table, and the other in her lap. She is wearing a black collared dress with a white lace neck ruff held with an opal pin. Two medals (the Jubilee medal and Coronation medal) are pinned to the chest, each consisting of a red and white bowtie with a brass medallion. Tilly Aston was born in Carisbrook, Victoria, in 1873. When she was very young her parents noticed she was having problems with her vision. They took her to a doctor who diagnosed her with no sight in her right eye and the prognosis of loss of vision in the left eye. As a result of this she was totally blind by the age of 7. Despite this her parents endeavoured to give Tilly as many of life’s advantages that their limited means could supply. From an early age she was taught singing, music, poetry, arithmetic, encouraged to read and observe the natural world around her and be independent. At the age of 8 she was sent to the Asylum and School for the Blind (later called the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind). She excelled in a wide range of subjects and matriculated in 1889. With the help of a public fund was able to attend Melbourne University, being the first blind Australian to do so. Unfortunately the lack of Braille text books made it impossible for Tilly to continue her studies and she left in second year. Tilly was determined that other blind people would not have the same negative experience she had had. In 1894 she organised a meeting to form the Victorian Association of Braille Writers with the aim of producing and supplying Braille to blind Victorians. Braille was produced by trained volunteers with ? recruited in the first six month. Other rights and services for blind people remained very limited. In 1895 Tilly organised a meeting, which formed the Association for the Advancement of the Blind (now Vision Australia). The Association was instrumental in obtaining many benefits for blind people including a blind pension, voting rights and transport concessions. It also established the first nursing homes for blind people, at a time when many blind people were homeless and destitute. Tilly went on to be Australia’s first blind teacher. She was also a very talented musician, author of seven books and was very gifted at arts and crafts. She knew Esperanto and corresponded with people all around the world including Helen Keller. Tilly passed away on November 1st 1947. Her legacy continues through the work Vision Australia which provides services for thousands of blind Australians. A memorial bell dedicated to her is also situated in the King Domain Gardens. 1 art original in gold frameThe plaque at the base of the painting reads 'Miss Matilda (Tilly) A. Aston / President 1904, 1910, 1943 to 1947/ Association for Advancement of the Blind'. association for the advancement of the blind, association for the blind, tilly aston

Hugh Jeffrey attended the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music at Melbourne University, graduating in 1940. This examination pin was given to him in September 1933. It is a round copper badge with gold coloured filigree running around the outer edge. Inset into the shield is an Australian coat-of-arms granted by King George V, with a white and blue torse supported by a kangaroo and emu on a grassy field. It features the Commonwealth Star on top, and the motto "Advance Australia" underneath. It is engraved with "University Examination" acoss the top, with "won by Hugh Jeffries sic Sept. 1933" acoss the bottom. It features a loop on the top with a short fine chain and safety pin. Australia coat of arms inside circle with engraving around edgeAdvance Australia University Exam won by Hugh Jeffries (sic) Sept. 1933hugh jeffrey, badges

Ill, p.327.non-fictionFactual account of life in the Northern Territory in the late 19th century; - 1st section - Authors adventures as a shipwrecked mariner at Wark Aboriginal Settlement and Port Essington; 2nd section - Detailed narrative of the authors work & explorations as a customs official and as a patrol police officer, stationed at Port Darwin; Description of Malays and their trading ventures by proas; Relations between Malays and Aborigines employment of latter in collecting, trepangs, pearls, tortoise-shells - physical and cultural influences (e.g. intermixture, and language) feuds and murders; Notes on food gathering and hunting (use of wommera) - tracking - corroborrees settling of disputes by simulated fighting - group murder and guilt rites (Malays and Chinese), canoes decorated - Maria Is. sacred burial ground qualities of Aborigines; noted; Intertribal fighting - Woolna tribe against local Darwin Aborigines; Cannibalism at Limba Luchumbo - King River; Contact between Aborigines and settlers, ranging from extreme cruelty to great friendships; Aboriginal girls stolen for domestic work causing trouble; Further accounts of Chinese - opium & gold smuggling; Search for Dylompo - Groote Eylandt unsuccessful. northern australia - description and travel, northern australia - economic relations

This pair of 19th century candleholders were presented to Nazareth House Ballarat by J.A.Chalk one of Ballarat's richest 19th century gold-mining entrepeneurs. J.A.Chalk was a partner in the Madam Berry Mines together with Martin Loughlin and William Bailey and was Manager of the Buninyong Estate Co., the Band and Barton Co., the Sebastopol Plateau Co., and the Prince of Wales and Bonshaw Co. mines in 1887. Chalk was a Quaker and benefactor to many Ballarat institutions. He arranged for the Council Chambers to be made available for meetings of the Society of Friends (Quakers) in the mid 19th century.One of a pair of large 19th century ornamented candle holders for use in the Chapel at Nazareth House Ballarat presented by 19th century Ballarat philanthropist and gold-mining magnate.The candleholders are in two separate sections the heavy lead-filled brass base with demountable seven-branched candleholders surmounting the base. The lower portion or base form a single candlestick when the branched top section is removed. The branches are decorated with styalised rose petals and the tops of each base decorated with rims of neo-gothic coronas.Presented with King Regards By J.A.Chalk Ballarat.candleholders, candlesticks, nazareth house, ballarat. j.a.chalk, madam berry mines, goldmining, entrepenauer, buninyong, sebastopol, prince of wales, bonshaw co, quaker, society of friends.

Appears to be Original to the Chalet.) 'These have been at the Chalet from at least 1937, when they were photographed at the head of the Dining Room above the mantlepeice (fig 10). They were still there in 1950 as testified by another photograph of the dining room ( Fig11). By 2002, they had been moved to the main Lounge where they were displayed above the north mantelpeice, and have since been transferred to the Billiard Room. Information printed in gold on the buffalo mount states that the horns are from Northern Territory and were presented (date not stated) by Mr T.N. Sayle of Whitfield, a town in the King Valley near Mt Buffalo.' (Pg 57. Historica ) Listed in . Draft Inventory of Significant Collection Items. A.1. Furnishings - Billiard Room. (Pg 162. Historica) Listed in Draft Inventory of Significant Items.Appendix A.3. Other Objects - ornamental items. (Pg 165. historica Buffalo horns mounted on a wooden plaque with an inscription."BUFFALO COW HORNS / 9ft from tip to tip. Weight 20 lbs / from NORTHERN TERRITORY / presented by / Mr T.N. SAYLE / Whitfield Victoria."

Official Portrait of HM King Charles III when he was the Prince of Wales, wearing Mess Dress UniformGold wooden frame - no glass and marks on print5/6 rvr, officer's / sergeant's mess

A small tan hardcover children's fiction book - A Sailor Boy's Adventure in the Land of the Sun by James Nunn who was the author of The Realm of the Ice King and Saved from the Wreck. The front cover has the title printed in gold lettering at the top with bands of black lines and leaf outlines. The spine too has the title in gold lettering with black leaves. The frontispiece in black and white depicts a lion attacking a man with hunters in the background. There are a few similar black and white illustrations throughout the book.128pp.fictionSet in the early 19th century days of sailing and shipwrecks with a young boy as the main protaganist telling of his many adventures in far away lands. It has very strong religious themes.religious stories, religious books, religious fiction, adventure stories, adventure fiction, stories for boys

A red covered slim book of The Gideons The New Testament and Psalms with the title printed in gold lettering at the top with a Gideons symbol in a small gold circle at the bottom with Property of The Gideons and Please Do Not Remove From Room underneath. The New Testament is at the front with The Book of Psalms commencing on p.397. p.495non-fictionA Gideons New King James version of the New Testament and the Book of Psalms. it includes a list of Help in Time of Need of references to assist people. bibles, religious books, psalms

Warded to Mr. C. King for most improved player under 21 years, 1929 Season.Gold coloured Wandin Football club medallion with red ribbon."W.F.C. Most Improved Player Under 21 Years C. King 1929"

Presented to School childrenRound gold medal attached to yellow ribbon, commemorating the Coronation of King George V and Queen Mary in 1911.commemorative medals

During the Victorian goldrushes of the 1850s thousands of Chinese migrants arrived to seek their fortunes. At that time many came to the lucrative gold fields of Northeast Victoria. After the Gold rush, many Chinese migrants returned home. However, a number settled in the area as merchants, hawkers and market gardeners in surrounding towns including Wodonga, the Ovens, King, Buffalo River and Kiewa Valleys. They also rented lands and established themselves in the hops and tobacco farming industries. Items of Chinese origin made their way into many households. Importation of Chinese mass produced items such as this lantern continued well into the 20th century and were common domestic items across Australia before households were connected to electricity.This item is representation of kerosene / paraffin lamps used throughout Australia to provide lighting inside and outdoors prior to the widespread availability of electricity.A small hurricane lamp with a rounded tank and small carry handle attached to the top. A larger handle is also attached at the top of the frame. It has a lever to open the glass tank. It has a metal base which is filled with kerosene. It has a screw knob to open the kerosene receptacle. The metal hood also has vents. The Chinese characters around the base translate to "Shanghai Guanghuaheng".Around base : Chinese characters. On top : "Made in China KWANG HWA"kerosene lamp, domestic appliances, chinese artefacts

During the Victorian goldrushes of the 1850s thousands of Chinese migrants arrived to seek their fortunes. At that time many came to the lucrative gold fields of Northeast Victoria. After the Gold rush, many Chinese migrants returned home. However, a number settled in the area as merchants, hawkers and market gardeners in surrounding towns including Wodonga, the Ovens, King, Buffalo River and Kiewa Valleys. They also rented lands and established themselves in the hops and tobacco farming industries. These spoons were found by Mr Robert Black when he was ploughing a paddock on his farm in Kergunyah, Victoria in the 1930s.2 small ceramic Chinese spoons. Spoon 1 has a clear light green glaze. Spoon 2 is decorated with a blue painted pattern.chinese immigration to victoria, chinese market gardens, chinese migration northeast victoria