Showing 73296 items
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Orbost & District Historical Society
book, Cassell and Company Limited, From The Australian Front, 1917
... From The Australian Front ...This book was produced as a gift for Australian soldiers and their families on the Western Front in 1917. In the introduction General Birdwood, Commander of the ANZACS, explained it was for ‘…those whom we left behind in Australia, and who we know are thinking of us, some idea of our surroundings on the battle fronts…’.This book is a significant contemporary record of life for the Australian soldiers on the Western Front during World War 11.Grey cardboard covered 128 pp book with black and red writing on cover. the title, "FROM THE AUSTRALIAN FRONT" is in black print at the top above a black drawn sketch of two soldiers behind a mound and holding bayonets. at the foot is XMAS. 1917 inside a red rectangle with the insignia of the Australian Army (the rising sun) at the top. It contains cartoons, illustrations and photographs created by the soldiers themselves and put together in the style of an annual. military book-from-the-western-front world-war-11 -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Book, Bullen, Leonard A, The Early Australian Booksellers - The Australian Booksellers Association Memorial Book of Fellowship, 1980
... The Early Australian Booksellers - The Australian ...Short biographies of early Australian booksellers, now deceased, and their individualistic attitudes to their trade. Contains table of contents.booksellers, biography -
Expression Australia
Newsletter, The Australian Deaf Citizen No. 3 Jul-Aug-Sep 1940
... The Australian Deaf Citizen No. 3 Jul-Aug-Sep 1940 ...The Australian Deaf Citizen was a quarterly magazine owned and edited by John Patrick Bourke dedicated to the interests of the Deaf in Australia.The Australian Deaf Citizen, was a magazine owned and edited by John Patrick Bourke. It is historically significant as it gives an alternative view of the Adult Deaf and Dumb Society at that time including the role played by Ernest J. D. Abraham. Brown Cover 26.5cmHx21cmW, 18 pagesOwned and Edited by J. P. Bourke, No. 1 Acre Place, Malvern, S.E. 4 Victoria Australia -
Expression Australia
Newsletter, The Australian Deaf Citizen No. 5 Jan-Feb-Mar 1941
... The Australian Deaf Citizen No. 5 Jan-Feb-Mar 1941 ...The Australian Deaf Citizen was a quarterly magazine owned and edited by John Patrick Bourke dedicated to the interests of the Deaf in Australia.The Australian Deaf Citizen, was a magazine owned and edited by John Patrick Bourke. It is historically significant as it gives an alternative view of the Adult Deaf and Dumb Society at that time including the role played by Ernest J. D. Abraham.Blue Cover 26.5cmHx21cmW, 18 pagesOwned and Edited by J. P. Bourke, No. 1 Acre Place, Malvern, S.E. 4 Victoria Australia -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Australian White Ibis, Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
... Trustees of the Australian Museum ...The Australian White Ibis is commonly known by the colloquial names "bin chicken" and "tip turkey" in Australian culture. These nicknames have arisen based on the presence of this bird at garbage locations where it is often seen rummaging through the waste. The Yindjibarndi people of the central and western Pilbara call this species mardungurra. This bird is located throughout the wetlands of eastern, northern and south-western Australia. Initially, it was not seen in urban areas, however, the species has been able to adapt and reduce fear of humans due to the lure of food found in human garbage. They commonly feed on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates alongside human scraps. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.This Australian White Ibis has white and cream plumage on its body and a black neck, head, bill and legs/feet. The bill on this particular species has a distinctive long shape which is down-curved. It is a fairly large variety of the Ibis species. This specimen has been stylised in a standing position and is positioned on a wooden platform. 5 C. / White Ibis / See catalogue / Page 32 /taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, ibis, bin chicken, white ibis, australian birds, australian white ibis -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Australian Spotted Crake, Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
... Trustees of the Australian Museum ...The Australian Spotted Crake can be found the south-east and the south-west of Australia. It is unlikely to be seen in Queensland or Tasmania and frequents much of New South Wales, Victoria and north-eastern South Australia. They reside in wetlands and are often found in dense growths of plants. The Australian Spotted Crake is a timid bird which flicks its tail as they walk. If disturbed, they may run away in a crouched position with their tail raised. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Victoria, as well as individuals such amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is a small, stocky bird with yellow legs and bill. The Australian Spotted Crake has grey colouring on its neck and an orange on the nape of its neck. The torso and rear are striped with black and grey/cream colours and have white spots along the rear. The specimen has brown feathers on the wings. It stands on a wooden platform in a standing position with a paper identification tag tied around its left leg. 19c Spotted Water Crake. See Catalogue, Page, 35.taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, spotted crake, crake, australian birds, australian spotted crake -
RMIT GSBL Justice Smith Collection
Report, Statement of preliminary views, [1987]
... Advisory Committee on the Australian Judicial System ...Constitutional Commission Australian Judicial System Advisory Committee Statement of Preliminary ViewsISBN: 0642121559 courts -- australia, court administration -- australia, australia -- constitutional law -- amendments -
Federation University Historical Collection
Document - Document - Correspondence, VIOSH: The Australian College of Occupational Medicine; Training Programs Development, 1983
... VIOSH: The Australian College of Occupational Medicine ...Victorian Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (VIOSH) Australia is the Asia-Pacific centre for teaching and research in occupational health and safety (OHS) and is known as one of Australia's leaders on the field. VIOSH has a global reputation for its innovative approach within the field of OHS management. VIOSH had its first intake of students in 1979. At that time the Institution was known as the Ballarat College of Advanced Education. In 1990 it became known as Ballarat University College, then in 1994 as University of Ballarat. It was 2014 that it became Federation University. VIOSH Australia students are safety managers, senior advisors and experienced OHS professionals. They come from all over Australia and industry. Students are taught active research and enquiry; rather than textbook learning and a one-size fits all approach. VIOSH accepts people into the Graduate Diploma of Occupational Hazard Management who have no undergraduate degree - on the basis of extensive work experience and knowledge The newly-formed Australian College of Occupational Medicine was formed in 1983 in Parkville Victoria. The Chief Censor was David Ferguson. He was requested by the Council to develop training programs for future Fellows of the College. The College does not expect to conduct courses or examinations at present, but may do so in the future. It is interested to know what courses are or likely to become available throughout Australia. As Ballarat College of Advanced Education offers courses in occupational health/hygiene/safety/ergonomic, the College maybe interested in offering courses. If so, details of the courses should be forwarded for for consideration. The College is anxious to identify and promote courses that meet the College's needs and standards. Derek Woolley forwarded the relevant information to the Chief Censor, Dr David Ferguson for consideration. Four A4 pages typed.Letterheads - The Australian College of Occupational Medicine and Ballarat College of Advanced Educationviosh, victorian institute of occupational safety and health, australian college of occupational medicine, chief censor, david ferguson, ballarat college of advanced education, occupational health, hygiene, safety, ergonomics, derek woolley -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photographs, Memorial Window at the Australian War Memorial, 2022, 07/05/2022
... Memorial Window at the Australian War Memorial, 2022 ...Australian War Memorial stained glass, australian war memorial -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Book, Elkin A P, The Australian Aboriginal. How to Understand Them, 1948
... The Australian Aboriginal. How to Understand Them. ...A comprehensive study of Australian Aboriginal and their culture at the period of the 1930s particulerly North West and Central Australian tribes.aboriginals -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book - POCKET BOOK, The Australian Soldiers' Pocket Book, July 1941
... The Australian Soldiers' Pocket Book ...Made for the Australian Comforts Fund and published by Brown, Prior Anderson Pty LtdPocket book with red cloth cover, title in black ink on front. Contains information of use to Australian soldiers including signalling, first aid, military terminology etc Revised 5th Edition.Page 3 personal details of owner .pocket books, soldiers, military, -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Letter, 18th July 1988
... The Australian ...A typed letter from The Australian dated July 18, 1988 to Bill Kerr thanking him for his prompt response to their planned tribute of ur nation who died during Australia's long and unselfish military commitment in Vietnam.letter, james kelly kerr -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Spotted Pardalote, Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
... Trustees of the Australian Museum ...The spotted pardalote is the smallest of all Australian birds. It has a tendency to nest in a long horizontal tunnel, often dug into the soil of creek banks, the embankments of railway cuttings, and quarries. Its call is characterised by a very clear and repetitive double "ding". The spotted pardalote is common in woodlands and eucalypt forest areas in Australia. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century. One of Australia's smallest native birds, the male spotted pardalotte is covered with small, distinct white spots. Males have a pale eyebrow, a yellow throat and a red rump. Females are similar but have less-distinct markings. 10060 comprises of one male and one female. This specimen stands upon a wooden platform and has an identification tag tied around its legLabel: 14a. / Spotted Diamond Bird / See Catalogue, page 9. /taxidermy mount, cancel, taxidermy, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, bird, spotted pardalote -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Photograph - Sketch, Sugar mill after the fire, Australian Sketcher, 1875
... Sketch, Sugar mill after the fire, Australian Sketcher ...B&W photograph of sketch - Sugar mill after the fire. Australian Sketcher, 12 July 1875fire and fire services, built environment - industrial, victorian sugar works -
National Wool Museum
Book, The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1920-21
... The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1920-21 ..."The Australian Wool Circulars season 1920-21". Contains state by state lists of wool sold and by which broker. Also lists the wool bale marks and who uses them. Produced by the Melbourne Woolbrokers' Association.THE / AUSTRALIAN / WOOL / CIRCULARS / SEASON / 1920-21 MELBOURNE / WOOLBROKERS' / ASSOCIATIONwool bale descriptions wool brokering wool sales, melbourne woolbrokers' association, wool bale descriptions, wool brokering, wool sales -
National Wool Museum
Book, The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1921-22
... The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1921-22 ..."The Australian Wool Circulars season 1921-22". Contains state by state lists of wool sold and by which broker. Also lists the wool bale marks and who uses them. Produced by the Melbourne Woolbrokers' Association.THE / AUSTRALIAN / WOOL / CIRCULARS / SEASON / 1921-22 MELBOURNE / WOOLBROKERS' ASSOCIATIONwool bale descriptions wool brokering wool sales, melbourne woolbrokers' association, wool bale descriptions, wool brokering, wool sales -
National Wool Museum
Book, The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1922-23
... The Australian Wool Circulars, season 1922-23 ..."The Australian Wool Circulars season 1922-23". Contains state by state lists of wool sold and by which broker. Also lists the wool bale marks and who uses them. Produced by the Melbourne Woolbrokers' Association.THE / AUSTRALIAN / WOOL / CIRCULARS / SEASON / 1922-23 MELBOURNE / WOOLBROKERS' ASSOCIATIONwool bale descriptions wool brokering wool sales, melbourne woolbrokers' association, wool bale descriptions, wool brokering, wool sales -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Book, From the Australian Front - Xmas1917
... From the Australian Front - Xmas1917 ...From the Australian Front - Xmas1917 -
Ringwood RSL Sub-Branch
Flag - Australian Flag, Various designs of the Australian National Flag
... Various designs of the Australian National Flag ...Australian National Flag - printed -
Ringwood RSL Sub-Branch
Book WW1 South Australian, The British Australian Publishing Service, All Australian Memorial, Circa 1917
... The British Australian Publishing Service ...Records the name and details of many South Australians that served in WW1.Lists details and photographs of South Australian personnel who served at Gallipoli and the Western Front including those who were killed (Red leather bound)Australias roll of honour with heroes and helpers. -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Southern Boobook Owl, Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
... Trustees of the Australian Museum ...Known for its distinctive ‘boo-book’ sound which gives it its name, the Southern Boobook owl inhabits a variety of environments, including woodland, rural, open desert and dense forest. It is found on mainland Australia as well as Tasmania and other costal islands. Some similar species can be located in New Zealand, New Guinea and Indonesia. Young Boobooks’ plumage is mostly off white, and there are slight variations in subspecies based on location - the Cape York rainforest owls are a larger, darker brown bird while the Tasmanian Boobooks are smaller and often have more white flecks on their plumage. Southern Boobooks hunt and eat nocturnally and, like most owls, their diet consists of smaller animals including smaller mammals and insects. While elements of this particular specimen are representative of the actual bird, the form and structuring of this specimen’s neck area appears to be somewhat out of shape in comparison to images of the actual bird, which present a distinct head structure. The eyes on this specimen are also problematic, as they are solely black - not aligning with accurate representations of this species that have a distinct golden yellow outer ring in their eyes around a large black pupil. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.One of the most commonly found Australian species of owl, the Southern Boobook, or Mopoke as it is also known, is also Australia’s smallest owl. With a coating of dark chocolate brown coloured plumage on its wings, dorsal area, continuing onto the top of the head and around its eyes, the owl’s breast plumage is flecked with hazelnut brown and white feathers. Its chin and nose areas are a soft creamy white, and the owl’s beak is a darker grey. Traditionally, the eyes are yellow as are the legs and taloned feet. This particular specimen stands upon a wooden perch and an identifying tag hangs from its right leg.Swing-tag appears to read: '39. Boobook Owl / Catalogue page 53.' The 2 digit number at the beginning of the label could also be '3a'. taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, southern boobook, mopoke, australia, boobook, nocturnal, ninox novaeseelandiae, owl -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Book, George F Langley et al, Sand, sweat and camels - The Australian Companies of the Imperial Camel Corps / Australian Aviator, 1976
... Sand, sweat and camels - The Australian Companies of the...australian companies of the imperial camel corps ...Purchased online after Exec decision that we should have it regardless of cost, for $120. While cataloguing, noticed it was a faulty copy. Page 32 followed by 65-70, followed by 49 to 188. Pages 33 to 48 missing. Returned to bookseller for refund, and ordered one on-line for much less.Sand, sweat and camels - The Australian Companies of the Imperial Camel Corps / Australian Aviator by George F and Edmee M Langley. Illustrated soft cover double book with coverage of WWI Egyptian activity of Aussie Camel Corps and subsequent forming as 14th and 15th Australian Light Horse regiments, interesting appendices. (Second book "Australain Aviator" by Sir Norman Brearley)war - world war i, armed services, transport - aviation and aerodrome, armed services - air force, george furner langley, edmee mary langley, australian companies of the imperial camel corps, sir norman brearley, australian light horse -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Papers - Roper Family, The Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame
... The Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame ...The Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame is a museum located in Longreach, Queensland, Australia, which pays tribute to pioneers of the Australian outback. The centre is also dedicated to Australian stockmen who have shown bravery and courage. Registered in 1974. On July 28th 1985 the foundation stone of the Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame and Outback Heritage Centre was laid. Hoofs and Horns magazine was established by R.M.Williams in 1944 and ceased in 2005. It was aimed at cattlemen and horsemen.'The Roper family's ancestors settled in the beautiful Kiewa Valley, Victoria over a century ago and started breeding Hereford cattle and horses.' This is their interest in Hoofs and Horns but the Hall of Fame is interested in 'John Roper, who came to Australia in 1843 at the age of 23 years and joined Leichhardt's expedition ...'2 papers - Hoofs and Horns, July 1985, Page 88 and page 90 printed with photos and map. The article has the title: 'The Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame' 2 papers - Title The Roper Family compiled by Wilma Davies (nee Roper) and Mr Mike Cummings. Members of the Hall of Fame.. australian stockman's hall of flame, hoofs and horns magazine, cattlemen and horsemen, the roper family -
National Wool Museum
Book - Wool Pages: A Directory of the Sheep and Wool Industry, Eighth Edition, The Australian Wool Showcase Inc, 2004
... The Australian Wool Showcase Inc. ...Contents include Education, Processing and Manufacturing, Rural Equipment, Services, Rural Tourism, Sheep, Trade / Commerce / Finance, Wool Craft, Wool Organisations / Associations, Wool Products. Eighty eight page booklet showing an image of sheep on the cover, with printed text.front: [printed] WOOL PAGES / Directory 2004 / Compiled by Australian Wool Showcase / australian wool / innovation / limitedwool, organisations, directory, rural equipment, manufacturing, tourism, wool craft, wool products, education -
Coal Creek Community Park & Museum
Music Book, The Australian Music Book no. 37 Reels, Jigs, Hornpipes
... The Australian Music Book no. 37 Reels, Jigs, Hornpipes ...Paper back music book number 37 in the series of Australian Music books titled Reels, Jigs and Hornpipes. Made in Australia. -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Wood Duck (male), Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
... Trustees of the Australian Museum ...The Australian Wood Duck is commonly described as 'goose-like' in appearance. They reside throughout Australia and Tasmania in regions including grasslands, open woodlands, wetlands, flooded pastures and along the coast and bays. Unlike some breeds of ducks, this species can walk on land with ease and can often be seen perched on logs and in trees. The Wood Duck eat grass, clover and other herbs. On occasion they eat insects. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.This male Australian Wood Duck has a dark brown head with a pale brown-grey speckled body. The lower belly of this specimen is dark brown and the bill is a pale grey-yellow. The legs are a pale grey and stand upon a wooden platform. There is a paper tag tied to the upper part of the Wood Duck's right leg, a white label attached to the front right of the wooden platform and a grey label on the left beside the white label. 132. / Maned Goose / Male / 132taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, australian birds, australaisian shovelor, shovelor, wood duck, male, male duck, australian wood duck -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Book, The Australian Army - A Brief History - 1993
... The Australian Army - A Brief History - 1993 ...The Australian Army - A Brief History - 1993 -
Lilydale RSL Sub Branch
Poster - Framed Poster, Framed poster depicting Badges of the Australian Army - Corps - Units
... Framed poster depicting Badges of the Australian Army ...Badges of the Australian Army - Corps - Units -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Book - Hardcover book, Life on the Australian Goldfields, 1984
... Life on the Australian Goldfields ...A history of gold mining in AustraliaHardcover. Front cover has a photograph of two miners from West Australia using the dry-blowing technique. In the background are two 'Wood's dry placer-miners'. Back cover has a photograph of the interior of a steam-operated quartz crushing battery at the Mount Boppy Mine.Front cover has a price sticker that is discolored. Inside there is the stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779 gold, gold mines, gold mining, australia, history, social life, customs, stone, derrick i, mackinnon, sue -
National Wool Museum
Report, The Western Australian Worsted and Woollen Mills Limited, Directors' Report, June 1964
... The Western Australian Worsted and Woollen Mills Limited...Alexander Lau Pty Ltd The Western Australian Worsted and ...The Western Australian Worsted and Woollen Mills Limited, Directors' Report, June 1964. Alexander Lau was Associate Director, the Albany Woollen Mill was a subsiduary company.woollen mills - history textile industry - history, alexander lau pty ltd the western australian worsted and woollen mills limited albany woollen mills, woollen mills - history, textile industry - history