The Orbost Football Club began in 1894. This photograph shows the premiership team of 1921.They defeated Buchan. The Orbost football club players were known as the Busters and wore green and gold guernseys. An Orbost football team has participated in the East Gippsland League since the early 20th century. In 2003 in response to a dwindling population, the Snowy Rovers and Orbost Football Clubs were driven to merge into the Orbost Snowy RoversFootball clubs, through their many changes, have always been an important social fabric of the community. Sport is often regarded as an important part of life in rural Australia, contributing to community identity, sense of place, social interaction and good health.A black / white photograph of three rows of men in sports clothes The back row is standing, the middle sitting on chairs and the front row sitting on the ground.. All men have their arms folded and the photograph has been taken outside. The photograph has been pasted onto a grey buff card.on front - "Orbost Football Club Premiers - 1921" on back - 'Mary Gilbert"orbost-football-club recreation sport

Lists all towns and villages with entries in the Victorian censuses between 1841 and 1901. It includes in excess of 1400 entries with the latitude and longitude for each town, numbers males and females in the town, and the number of occupied dwellings (where available). For many of these settlements the only visible trace of them today is in the census results collected by the fledgling governments of Colonial Victoria. It is a comprehensive reference and a fascinating insight into the movements of early populations of new Australians.cities and towns victoria, history 19th century, statistics, ghost towns - victoria, geographical names victoria, victoria census

The Old Wind Mill in Mill Street Mortlake was constructed in 1856 by Thos. Bostock. It was erected to process locally-grown grain to supply the increased population of the Ararat goldfields with flour. It was painted in 1916 by W.Alen a local artist, who did not have first-hand knowledge of the old Mill, but would have relied on descriptions from those living in the district who did, as well as possibly recollections of windmills in Europe and Britain. The Mill has been a prominent landmark in Mortlake for over 150 years. It was converted to steam after it was sold in 1857 to Hamilton, Aikman and Geddes. Its use declined after the Ararat goldfields petered out, the diggers moved on and local soils proved unsuited to the sustained cultivation of wheat. The existing Mill Chimney is Heritage listed and is part of the National Estate.1 paintingSigned W.Alenmill windmill mortlake national estate hamilton bostock aikman geddes

Caulfield Town Hall was built in 1891. By the 1920's the population of the area had grown rapidly and the building was no longer fit for purpose. A major redevelopment was undertaken in 1930-31, including the building of the large portico entrance and entrance hall. This roll of honour was installed around the inside walls of the entrance hall. Labour on the rebuilding project was largely undertaken by unemployed workers, one of the key ways that Council supported the community during the depression. This roll of honour has considerable local significance to the community of Glen Eira across all of the significance criteria. Alongside the war memorial in Caulfield Park and Caulfield's avenue of honour this roll is a central site of memorial for the residents of the municipality who served in the First World War. It contains the names of all Caulfield residents, including nurses, and makes no distinction between those who returned and those who were killed, making it a rare example amongst Victoria's memorial rolls. The extensive list of names makes it a valuable research tool, and its capacity to interpret municipal, social and military history makes it one of Glen Eira's most significant sites. Large, rectangular, bronze panels displaying polished bronze relief letters alphabetically detailing names of living and deceased citizens who served in the First World War. The panels have been mounted on stone walls with a marble appearance. There are 31 panels - vertically arranged in groups of 9, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 2 (clockwise direction) on the walls of the portico entrance foyer, Glen Eira Road entrance to Glen Eira Town Hall. Each panel has 50 names, for a total of 1,550 names. City of Caulfield Honor Roll / Erected to the honor of the living and the glory / of the dead who served in the Great War 1914-1919 (See attached file for list of names)honour roll, caulfield, glen eira, great war, world war one, ww1, wwi, 1914, 1919, monument, memorial

The Bundoora Pre-school started as the Bundoora Free Kindergarten in 1961. From its part-time inception in a leased hall, the Committee of the Bundoora Free Kindergarten worked toward obtaining its own premises and expanding the hours of the kinder in order to serve a growing population. This folder contains documents relating to the development of a new Kinder building between 1961 and 1967, including correspondence, grant material and fund-raising documents.A collection of administrative records from the Bundoora Free Kindergarten 1961-A collection of loose documents including letters. Moved to plastic folder for storage.bundoora pre-school, bundoora free kindergarten

This is an invitation to the Orbost Football Club's Grand Final Dinner, held at the Mechanics' Institute Hall on Monday 12th October, 1953. The Orbost football club players were known as the Busters and wore green and gold guernseys. An Orbost football team has participated in the East Gippsland League since the early 20th century. In 2003 in response to a dwindling population, the Snowy Rovers and Orbost Football Clubs were driven to merge into the Orbost Snowy RoversFootball clubs, through their many changes, have always been an important social fabric of the community. Sport is often regarded as an important part of life in rural Australia, contributing to community identity, sense of place, social interaction and good health. A cardboard invitation in the shape of an oval football. On a pale blue background in brown print is "Premiership and Grand Final Dinner". It was held in the Mechanics Hall on Monday 12th October 1953. at 7.30 p.m. At the bottom is "W.G.Weston President" and "Lee Allen Secretary"football sport orbost-football-club

During the Great Depression from 1929 to 1932, rabbit trapping was a means of survival for many people. Rabbits provided meat and pelts which were sold for making felt hats such as the Akubra. Rabbit populations are controlled in the 21st century by poisoning, destroying or 'ripping' burrows (warrens), biological control with rabbit haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis, and by shooting. Rabbit-proof fences also prevent the spread of rabbits into some areas. (ref. Powerhouse Museum) Steel-jawed rabbit traps were widely used in urban and rural Australia from 1880 to 1980. This trap is symbolic of the battle that Australians have waged against burgeoning rabbit populations for over a century. Rabbits cause enormous damage to Australian soils and biodiversity. The introduction of rabbits to this country was an environmental disaster.Two iron rabbit traps. Each consists of a pair of jaws held closed by spring tension and a triggering mechanism. When the trap is triggered the jaws close over the top of the bridge, plate and tongue mechanism that is designed to trigger the trap. A chain is attached by a hook on the bent end of the trap's spring with a long steel spike looped over the last link of the other end of the chain. The trap is designed so that the metal jaws snap shut against each other when the trap is activated by the application of weight to the pressure plate. In use, traps are set with open jaws, buried lightly just below the surface of the earth. When an animal steps on the pressure plate, the jagged teeth of the jaws snap around the animal's leg, usually breaking bone and sinew. Thus the animal is immobilised.rabbits rural trapping

The machinery in this photo shows a Tournapull C earth moving machine, one of many during this period Circa 1950 - 1960s when hydro electricity powered turbines were being constructed in both the Victoria and New South Wales Alps. This was Australia's answer to a non polluting supply of electricity for a fast growing city population. It was at this time that air pollution from coal powered furnaces was becoming more and more under attack by health authorities.This item is part of a visual account of the construction of dams and hydro electricity facilities during the early 1950s. It was the beginning of the environmental push not to allow the degrading of Australian Alpine regions. Air pollution of the major cities and the increase in power demands of both industries and population within them required an alternative pollution free alternative electricity supply. These for runners of Hydro electricity generators required both large supplies of machinery and human resources. This construction phase within the region brought not only tradesmen but also unskilled workers to an area which had mainly had farming and mining activities. It was the catalyst for the creation of the smaller towns/villages e.g. Bogong Village, Mount Beauty and Bright.Black and white photograph on Kodak Xtralite II paper.(gloss)paper marking on back Kodak Xtralite II papermining, hydro electricity, victorian alps, construction camps, earth moving machines, secv

Probably brought to the area by Chinese miners or shopkeepers. It was used to weigh small items at a time when goods were often paid in gold. In could also be used for weighing opium. In China it was known as a Dotchin. Creswick had a large Chinese population which arrived circa 1855 and established the Chinese Camp (now Calembeen Park) plus other satelite camps in the area. In 1859 there was over 1,000 residents in the area and many operated as shopkeepers. Joined pieces of wood (bamboo), violin shape case joined with brass rivet together. The case features a long section to house the ivory rod with the bulbous section to house metal dish with four holes. Ivory rod. Metal weight is missingIvory rod has markings to indicate weight. Metal dish has four holesscale, goldrush, gold, miners, opium smoking, shopkeeping

The outbreak of Coronavirus COVID-19 in Melbourne in 2020 resulted in changed behaviours by the population. These changes included, at least in Kew, the placing of teddy bears in windows. In the final months of 2020, an easing of restrictions allowed members of the Kew Historical Society to meet face-to-face, including during the annual Christmas Dinner, on this occasion at the Greenacres Golf Club. At the event a decorated mask competition was held. Individual masks were donated by a number of attendees for the collection.A series of hand-made and adapted commercial masks worn during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne at the annual Xmas Party of the Kew Historical Society. Attendees were advised that an award would be made to the creator/wearer of the best decorated mask. This was won by Jan Walker the owner of the pink patterned fabric beaded mask. The makers of each mask is identified in the Media Reuse credit underneath the image.masks, covid-19, kew historical society -- celebrations

This flag was used by St Joseph's School, Orbost at assemblies. St Joseph's Catholic School in Orbost was planned from 1913 when the town's population was increasing rapidly. It wasn't until 1923 that the school was built in Raymond Street next to St Colman's Church. Fifty-five students were initially enrolled and taught in two rooms. When the numbers increased to 170 work began on extensions which were completed in 1959. St Joseph's school had classes to Form 4 at one stage. Later on Form 2 was the highest level. However, after Nagle College at Bairnsdale built a new school on the Lindenow Road site, a Nagle College school bus ran from Orbost and the school was reduced to Grade 6. It was also about this time that the last of the St Joseph teaching nuns left Orbost. From 1969 to the early 1980s the secondary St Joseph students attended Orbost High School for the practical subjects of Woodwork and Home Economics. Today enrolments reflect the declining population of the district. This item is an example of an item used in an Orbost school in the second half of 20th century.A cloth Australian National Flag which has a blue background. The Union Jack is in the upper left corner. Below the Union Jack is a white Commonwealth Star. The Southern Cross is shown on the right hand side of the flag in white. There is a white rope and two metal clips inserted into the left hand pocket/seam.Inside a diamond is N.V. BRAND. Geo. PICKERS Co. P/L CANVASflag-australian st-joseph's-school-orbost heraldry

This Form was part of the largest intake to date as Ringwood Technical School entered its fourth year at the Heathmont Road campus. The 269 Form 1 students in 12 groups, 1A to 1M, took the school’s population to nearly 700. Extensions to the 3 year old building commenced during the year to help accommodate the expected rising numbers of students. The school was known locally as Ringwood Tech School, Ringwood Tech, Ringy Tech, Ringers, The Tech and RTS.Black and White Photograph Photograph from Ringwood Technical School photo album labelled “Ringwood Technical School 1963-’64 Class Photos” (VC 21255)Names: Top row: Lorraine Gibbs, Elaine Gration, Anita Smith, Patricia O’Dea, Ann McGregor, Sandra Diprose. 2nd row: Sandra Thomas, Robyn Jensen, Therese Birchall, Gail Phillips, Judith Flarherty, Joan ?. 1st row: Jeanette Miles, Judith Cruickshank, Yvonne Aston, Susan Marsden, Heidi Henkel, Rosemary D’Orival Margaret Piergrosse.rts, ringwood tech

Before the Shire of Bulla built permanent offices in Macedon Street, the council used to meet in the Memorial Hall and had rooms there to conduct regular business. Some cottages were demolished to build the new offices which were completed and opened in 1966. Over the years as the shire's population increased, further additions were added. After Sunbury became part of Hume City Council, the former council building was occupied by Wester Water and Vic Roads.Apart from the former Shire of Bulla Roads Board office built in Sunbury in the 1860s, the 1966 building is the first council building to be built in Sunbury.A black and white photograph of a single storey office building and the surrounding garden. There is a light pole in the foreground.shire of bulla, council offices

Yields information about the viewpoint of The Courier about the future of the Ballarat tramway system with reference to Geelong.Part page 14 and page 15 of an article titled "Ballarat a City Clinging to History" from the Woman's Day, 8/2/1960, featuring a photograph No. 30, descending Bakery Hill to Bridge St, an aerial view looking west from the Town Hall down and workmen pulling weed from Lake Wendouree. Item looks at Ballarat's history, population, future, Bridge St, the bottleneck of bridge St, quotes Deputy Town Clerk, F. Rogers, and whether the city should grow. Interesting views of traffic in Bridge St. Also quotes Paul Simon of the Bridge St Traders Association. Contained originally within Reg Item 5507 at the back of the binder. For items see btm5507 loose items list.pdftrams, tramways, ballarat, bridge st, bridge st traders

During the Great Depression from 1929 to 1932, rabbit trapping was a means of survival for many people. Rabbits provided meat and pelts which were sold for making felt hats such as the Akubra. Rabbit populations are controlled in the 21st century by poisoning, destroying or 'ripping' burrows (warrens), biological control with rabbit haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis, and by shooting. Rabbit-proof fences also prevent the spread of rabbits into some areas. (ref. Powerhouse Museum) This trap was used in the Orbost district. Steel-jawed rabbit traps were widely used in urban and rural Australia from 1880 to 1980. This trap is symbolic of the battle that Australians have waged against burgeoning rabbit populations for over a century. Rabbits cause enormous damage to Australian soils and biodiversity. The introduction of rabbits to this country was an environmental disaster.A rusted iron rabbit trap which consists of a pair of jaws held closed by spring tension and a triggering mechanism. When the trap is triggered the jaws close over the top of the bridge, plate and tongue mechanism that is designed to trigger the trap. A chain is attached by a hook on the bent end of the trap's spring with a long steel spike looped over the last link of the other end of the chain. The trap is designed so that the metal jaws snap shut against each other when the trap is activated by the application of weight to the pressure plate. In use, traps are set with open jaws, buried lightly just below the surface of the earth. When an animal steps on the pressure plate, the jagged teeth of the jaws snap around the animal's leg, usually breaking bone and sinew. Thus the animal is immobilised. rabbit-trap rural

This Anaesthetic Mask 'Schimmelbusch' mask was used to deliver chloroform or ether as an anaesthetic. When this mask was in use most doctors would have delivered the anaesthetic themselves. During the 1940s and 1950s, some nurses may have played an active role in the delivery of anaesthetics, particularly in remote areas and during wartime or doctor shortages. This medical / hospital equipment was the latest available in the 1950s when the Tawonga District General Hospital was built specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment. Good condition and good interpretation capacity.Metal egg shaped frame with metal pieces crossing longitudinally and across with attached moveable metal piece that holds cloth in when closed and fits into open hollow egg shaped frame. At one end is a flat metal piece that would rest on the forehead. Usually used for children. To add cloth (gauze or muslin) with anaesthetic (chloroform or ether) open the mask and place the cloth onto the frame. It clipped on and the fluid then dripped onto the cloth. CHIRON GERMANY between handle and oval.hospital; tawonga; mt beauty; medical; nurse; medical instrument; face; anaesthetic.

Document from unknown author. Sections include: Constitutional history, population growth including ABS data 1943- 1978, notes on the European history of Eltham - about your Council - schools - list of historical buildings. Copy also held at Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library). Possibly produced as a resource for students. Also includes single page headed Heritage Week 1983, rural townships, page 3 with refernece to key buildings in Eltham township.30 pages, typed textHG Booklet 17harry gilham collection, pioneers of eltham, population, shire of eltham

The post World War II migration of European "snow skiiers" into Australia combined with the construction of Hydo Electricity Schemes in both the N.S.W.and Victorian Alps regions, opened up these winter snow areas to a greater influx of tourists and holiday adventurers interested in "winter" sports. The ability to project, on a global scale, skiing facilities of international standards to those in the northern hemisphere during their summer has opened up the Australia ski resorts and their facilities to a much greater winter sport orientated population. These cross country skis were purchased by a member of the Bogong Ski Club and were part of a bulk ski stock consignment from Finland in 1966/67. They were introduced into the Victorian Alps to encourage skiers to take up cross country skiing both at Falls Creek and Mount Buller. This initiative spurred on the now annual 42 kilometre cross country "Kangaroo Hoppet" race at Falls Creek. This race is currently the biggest cross country snow skiing race in Australia. These snow skis were made in Finland. They are wooden (hickory) skis and made from four strips (glued and shaped) pieces of wood that are not laminated. There is a painted blue flash on the top of the skis that extends the full length of the skis. The face of the underside of the skis is flat and is coated in black Stockholm tar. Glider or grip wax was applied onto this base. The top body of the skis is tapered from shoe position to both front and back tips.Tapered curvatures from foot radiating to all sides provides the required aerodynamics. Metal boot bindings consisting of a toe plate with adjustable toe clip and a heel plate, both of which are screwed onto the skis. "KILPA, KARHU URHEILUTARPEITA SPORTART1KLAR, Karhu-Valtz Finland. Hickorypohjin"snow skiing, cross country skiing, falls creek winter tourism

This badge, which was used in the mid to late 1900's (Scouts started in Australia in 1909) clearly demonstrates that the families in the Kiewa Valley although slightly remote were still able to participate in one of the prime "boy" only social groups. The Boy Scouting movement brought together boys from all the socio-economic areas in the Australian population. The scouting group applied the concept of self sufficiency and friendship to all its membership. It was an avenue to cross the boundaries of distance and regional mores. Many of the boys in the Kiewa Valley and its regions would have been more "in tune" with the core principles of the scouting movement because being in a rural environment and "living on the land" was a day to day part of their life. What was an important aspect to they was the "mateship" and the belonging to a very large, and international, group of "like minded" boys. This avenue of interacting with a larger group of boys cut through the "small population" mores of a rural and at times isolated environment. This Boy Scouting activity was both mentally and physically significant to growing boys within the Kiewa Valley as it opened up the world to them.This brass badge has a front formed in a half circle base supporting a "Fleur de Leis" in a spear shape with "cut outs" at the appropriate places to provide the emphasis needed to project the form. Attached to the badge is a crescent moon shaped pronged frame for attaching the badge to lapels or collars or button eyelets. On the bottom scroll "BOY SCOUTS" and on the back type fastener "STOKES & SONS" below this "Melb".societies, boy scouts, apparel badges, numismatics badges

This "homemade rake" is constructed from a branch of a tea tree. This item demonstrates that in the mid to late 1800's the isolation of the Kiewa Valley was more pronounced than during the early 1900's. The availability of gardening implements to the residences within the Kiewa Valley was scarce to non existence. with the upgrading of roads into the valley and the boost to the Valley's population (S.E.C. Kiewa Valley Hydro Electricity Scheme) transport into the valley, firstly via commercial Hawkers in their mobile caravans and later by commercial trucks. This "home made" rake is very significant because it highlights the ingenuity of local farmers and graziers in overcoming the semi isolation of the Kiewa Valley and its regions from the commercial availability of gardening implements enjoyed by gardeners in the towns and cities of the 1800's and the early 1900's. This "home made" garden rake highlights the ingenuity of the "Australian" character per se. A slice of this ingenuity can be seen by the amount of inventions, per capita, produced within Australia throughout its history.Handle is a long, stripped branch of tea tree. The head of the rake is a 2.3 cm. wide piece of wood, compressed between two 0.5 cm. pieces of metal joined with bolts, nuts and rivets. The holes drilled into the wood hold metal tines 10.5 cms. high. There should be 16 tines but 4 are missing. This type of rake is/ was used in dairiestimber, dairy, farm, rural, implement

The Registration Act 1836 established the General Register Office and a new system of national registration of births, marriages and deaths to take effect from 1837. There was a need to set up a system to record births, to aid with the planning of services and to record deaths to enable further study on the causes of mortality. The accurate recording of births and deaths was to be a vital tool in improving population health and would later enable systematic interventions such as vaccination, as well as aiding research and data analysis. ('1836 Registration Act')Round silver medallion with presentation case. Front of medal features portraits of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in profile. Text encircling the portraits reads 'BIRTHS & DEATHS REGISTRATION & MARRIAGES ACTS". Back of medal carries a lit torch design at centre, encircled by the text "BIRTH . MARRIAGE . DEATH". Presentation case is a square, green, leather box with cream satin and beige velvet lining. There is a central depression within the case in which the medallion sits. Text printed on upper surface of box lid reads "B.D. and M./CENTENARY/1837-1937". Royal Mint insignia stamped in gold inside lid.numismatics

The Harvest Home Hotel was licensed as a beer shop in 1866. Patrick Vallence was the licensee. On his death in 1874 his widow Mrs M. A. Vallence obtained the license. At the time this image was taken George Marshall was leasing the hotel. Following a decrease in the population of Bacchus Marsh, by 1911 the hotel had lost its licence.The Vallence family still owned the building after the loss of the hotel licence in 1911and it was used for some years after this as a private residence by some members of the Vallence family. Small sepia unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the album, 'Photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by Stevenson and McNicoll', the Jeremeas Family Album. The image depicts the Harvest Home Hotel situated in Main Street Bacchus Marsh. The name of the hotel can be seen above the verandah roof. The building appears to be of stone with decorative stonework corners. A verandah is inset to the left of a gabled front section which has its own door and window. On either side of the door beneath the verandah can be seen boot or shoe scrapers. A deep gutter runs along the front of the hotel, with a slab acting as a bridge to the road. Situated in the gutter at the front of the hotel is a water trough which has an arch above it with an ornate lantern, probably to light the front entry and to enable horses to be watered at night. A hitching post is nearby.On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE. hotels bacchus marsh, stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district, vallence family bacchus marsh, harvest home hotel bacchus marsh

The Bundoora Pre-school started as the Bundoora Free Kindergarten in 1961. From its part-time inception in a leased hall, the Committee of the Bundoora Free Kindergarten worked toward obtaining its own premises and expanding the hours of the kinder in order to serve a growing population. This folder contains documents relating to the development of a new Kinder building between 1961 and 1962, including correspondence, administrative documents, grant material and fund-raising documents associated with the formation of a new Kindergarten.A collection of administrative records from the Bundoora Free Kindergarten 1961-A collection of loose documents including letters. Moved to plastic folder for storage.bundoora pre-school, bundoora free kindergarten

The photograph was taken in Platrithia one of the northern villages on the island of Ithaca. The people identified are: back right G. Digaletos, the coach, and beside him Stathi Raftopoulos who was in Ithaca at the time; third from the right is D. Paizis and I. Kalis. The Platrithia football no longer exists due to the declining population. The Northern Ithaca Football team now represents all the villages of the north. Since 2014 the Ithacan Philanthropic Society has sponsored the junior Northern Ithaca Football club.A black and white photograph of the Platrithia Football team taken in 1951. Seventeen men are photographed in the team with four of them crouched in the front and the other thirteen members standing behind them.Marking in Greek: Footbal team of Platrithia, 1951. Right: Coach G. Digaletos.

These scales were used by students at St Joseph's School in Orbost. St Joseph's Catholic School in Orbost was planned from 1913 when the town's population was increasing rapidly. It wasn't until 1923 that the school was built in Raymond Street next to St Colman's Church. The Catholic school was opened in thecharge of Sister Moira and Sister Lucy, Fifty-five students were initially enrolled and taught in two rooms. When the numbers increased to 170 work began on extensions which were completed in 1959. St Joseph's school had classes to Form 4 at one stage. Later on Form 2 was the highest level. However, after Nagle College at Bairnsdale built a new school on the Lindenow Road site, a Nagle College school bus ran from Orbost and the school was reduced to Grade 6. It was also about this time that the last of the St Joseph teaching nuns left Orbost. From 1969 to the early 1980s the secondary St Joseph students attended Orbost High School for the practical subjects of Woodwork and Home Economics. Today enrolments reflect the declining population of the district.This item is an example of early school equipment.A set of beam balance scales in a wooden framed cabinet with glass windows on all for sides. The front is a vertical slide which allows acess to the scales. The scales have one fixed leg and two adjustable legs for accurate levelling. GRIFFIN GEORGE LIMITED, LONDON, BIRMINGHAM, MANCHESTER label on front of wooden section of case -ANALITE PTY LTD ASG@W EDINBURGH MADE IN GREAT BRITAIN MINOR REG DES No's 891235 & 891238education science scientific-apparatus measurement

This photograph depicts four men standing near a large unidentified building. This building is the entrance to a deep lead mine shaft. There is a bridge entering the building, which was used to access the elevator to the shaft. Deep lead mining involved placing large shafts into the ground which miners use to access deeper locations in order to excavate the rocks in the search for lead. Deep lead mining was highly dangerous as roofs could cave in of the soil was loose. Therefore, this particular mining considered to be highly undesirable profession as many miners did not want to work long hours nor risk their lives in the search for lead. Indigo Shire was a large area where deep lead mining took place, and thus the landscape and environment was largely impacted by these mining businesses. The Indigo Shire grew in population and wealth in the early 1850s when people came into this location in the hopes of finding gold and making a fortune. Ultimately, the accessibility and availability of gold and precious metals decreased once the gold reserves dried up and alongside this, the large population moved away. The Ovens was also heavily impacted environmentally as deep mining resulted in the change in land formation.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about the methods used to find gold in Indigo Shire. It also shows a location where deep mining was undertook which provides insight into the impact of deep mining on the environment at a time when it was done. This image is important for current research into the history of Indigo Shire, a region in Victoria's north-east. Therefore, this image has the capacity to be beneficial for research into society and the motivations of those living and working in this region during this period and therefore, has social significance. The Beechworth Burke Museum has additional images relating to deep lead mining and Indigo Shire which can be analysed and studied alongside images like this one.Sepia coloured retangular photo printed on gloss photographic paper.Reverse: 1997, 2510/ A02570/ Deep Lead Mining/ page 94/ 65%/ Burke Museum, Photo 44beechworth, burke museum, indigo shire, deep lead mining, mining, gold, gold mining

This publication covers the mid 1900s and relates to a period where the majority of the Australian population was engrossed with the Queen of Australia, even though her Highness did not reside on this continent. The period covered was before the great immigration insurgence from Europe.The Labour Party's "White Australian" policy was a hinderance and a barrier towards the Asian and African prospective immigrants. The motto Queen and Country was still very ingrained in the rural population. This period in Australian domestic self reliance, brought about the growing strength and very active trade union movement and their staunch support for the Tariff protection against a growing swell of imported goods. This self reliance psyche was essentially a by product of World War II, and the isolation felt by the Australian People. The Queen (royalty) was the binding force holding the British Empire together which was emphasised with her popularity when touring Australia Queen Elizabeth's visited the MCG twice in 1954 1. to attend an assembly of ex-servicemen and women's organisations 2. to attend a Children's Display. She also visited Government House and visited Country Victoria on the Royal train from 24th Feb - 9th March.The Kiewa Valley and all the rural areas in the region were still very much tied to the "mother land" and trade between Britain and Australia was very strong. Trade with Asian manufacturers was minimal and needed the late 1900s to see both the trade and immigration barriers fall. This book was produced during a time when the majority of Australians looked more to England for trade and companionship. The agricultural trade with England and Europe was very high and the motto of the time was "Australia grows on the sheep's back". Late 1900's saw the motto "Australia grows on the miner's back" The Queen was still very popular then which was emphasised by the large crowds which greeted her on tour. Residents of Mt Beauty including Cubs, Brownies, Scouts and Guides travelled to Benalla to see the Queen. Clare Roper was a founding member of the KVHS and attended a garden party at Buckingham Palace representing the local CWA. She has purchased this book and therefore giving this a close historical significance connection, it has good provenance and interpretive capacity. This hard(blue coloured) covered book contains thirty six double sided pages. Both the first and last pages (inside cover included) has the royal crest of Australia (kangaroo and emu) balancing the individual six states crests ,united under the royal crown. The first six double pages, each portraying a coloured free hand sketches of various Australian scenery enclosing the Queen's day by day and State by State itinerary. There are 115 black and white photographs and 25 coloured photographs contained in this book.Third page has free hand penned signature "Clare Roper"1954 royal tour, queen elizabeth ii monarchy, british empire in the 1900s, god save the queen.

A time for reconciliation / Bob Hawke -- Treaty is a recipe for separatism / John Howard -- A treaty for land justice and self-determination / Janine Haines -- Why a treaty? / Galarrwuy Yunupingu -- Aborigines are Australian, too / Bob Liddle -- Fallacies weaken the case for a treaty / Geoffrey Blainey -- Why whites also need an Aboriginal treaty / Roberta Sykes -- The quest for Aboriginal sovereignty / Hugh Morgan -- Legal and constitutional considerations / Mark Cooray -- Australia as terra nullius / Peter van Hattem -- Canada: towards Aboriginal self-government? / Jean Chretien -- American Indian treaties: historic relics / Peter Samuel -- The long aftermath of Waitangi / Antomy C. Turner -- Appendix 1: The Barunga statement -- Appendix 2: Preamble to the ATSIC Bill -- Appendix 3: Press attitudes to a treaty -- Appendix 4: Aboriginal population and landmaps, b&w photographsrace relations, racism, government relations, treaties

Yields detailed information about the statistics of the Ballarat Tramway system during the 1960/61 Financial year, passenger loadings, finances and tramcar operation..1 - Report titled "Ballarat Tramways - Statistics", carbon copy, dated 5/3/1962, responding to a head office letter of 6/3/1962. Compiled in association with Schedules and Statements required, in response to specific questions for compilation of reports by the SEC. Details types of passengers (Pensions, Adults, Scholars, chartered trams, passenger totals including parcels) for 1960/61. .2 - Four foolscap sheets giving details of fares and charges, route length, services, fare sections, length of fare sections, employees, trams in service, tram usage, area and population served, expenditure, revenue, loss, average fare per passenger and extra trams needed for events. Also refers to Reg Item 7932 and 7951 for the original request. All sheets have rounded corners.trams, tramways, reports, passengers, employees, fares, tramcars, routes, revenue, finances, tickets

Lecture Notes - 12 quarto sheets and 1 foolscap memo - carbon copy titled "Suggested Notes for Lecture at Jolimont". May have been presented by the Chief Engineer, given the memory dated 17 June 1930. Notes drafted by Lewis Russell the MMTB Publicity Officer. Refers to Mr. O'Meara and Mr. Moody in the memo. Has notes on the VR view of the MMTB, Notes Mr. Harold Clapp. tramway operations, cable trams, tram car No. 1, the Powers of the Tramways Act, MTOCo, MTT, finances, the various tramway trusts, tram services to service population growth, the General Scheme, cable tram conversion, St Kilda Road, Reserved track, conversion work, the time taken to do the work and Preston Workshops. Also has a list of suggested slides.trams, tramways, mmtb, workshops, cable trams, st kilda rd, conversion, general scheme, reserved track