Darwin was bombed by Japanese fighter bombers from Feb 1942 until Nov 1943. On 19 February 1942 Darwin itself was bombed. Japanese fighters and bombers attacked the port and shipping in the harbour twice during the day, killing 252 Allied service personnel and civilians. On 3 March Broome, in Western Australia, was strafed. In succeeding months air attacks were made on many towns in northern Australia including Wyndham, Port Hedland and Derby in Western Australia, Darwin and Katherine in the Northern Territory, Townsville and Mossman in Queensland, and Horn Island in the Torres Strait. Despite popular fears these raids were not the precursor to an invasion but they did serve to interrupt the use of Darwin's port facilities. The raids also tied up anti aircraft defences and air force units that would have otherwise been sent to more forward areas. The Bombing of Darwin www.awm.gov.auFolded metal to cover a match box top and bottom and one side. Would leave one side of the box exposed to strike a match. Lettering on top and bottom created by letter punchFront: Zero Mitsubishi Fighter Shot down over Darwin 19/2/1942 Back: From Frank to Dad.ww2, souvenir, darwin

Biographical note: Fred Holt (1914-1993), a son of Edmund and Ruby Holt, joined the Bank of Australasia (now ANZ) as a clerk in 1933. His banking career was interrupted at age 26, in 1941 when he volunteered for services in the Royal Australian Navy. Fred Holt grew up in Surrey Hills; brother of Alan Holt. At the time of enlistment he was living with his parents at 9 beatrice Avenue, Surrey Hills. He married Euphemia Craig in 1945. This is a personal account of Lieutenant Frederick Sutton Holt's service in World War II from 1940 onwards, as a member of the Royal Australian Navy Volunteer Reserve. He served on HMS Terpsichore. He was mentioned in dispatches for skill, determination and bravery in anti-U-boat operations whilst serving with HMS Troubridge, Terpsichore and Vetch. (REF: Commonwealth Gazette 13/3/1945). A personal account of Fred Holt's service in World War II from 1940 onwards, as a volunteer in the Royal Australian Navy.Title page: signed Fred Holt(mr) fred s holt, great britain, royal naval, world war, 1939-1945, royal australian navy, navies, armed forces, returned servicepeople, frederick sutton holt, hms terpsichore

Produced for Enola Gay's participation in Hiroshima Day, Sat 6 August 1983, assembling at Belmore Park at 10 am under the Enola Gay banners. 0:00: Introduction and song; 3:50: Japanese instrumental music; 9:08: Commentary resumes - history of the bombing of Hiroshima, 6 Aug 1945, and Nagasaki 3 days later; 15:30: Music Tomorrow never comes until it's too late; 19:45: Commentary including accounts from survivors; 26:58: Music, Take the toys from the boys; 29:25: Commentary regarding arms race, including voice of Fabian LoSchiavo regarding dissident religious views in the USA; 33:05: Music, California dreaming; 36:10: Commentary re the practicalities of bomb shelters; 38:00: Music, Cancer, cancer; 41:40: Commentary re peace marches in Europe, health effects of radiation, civil defense in nuclear war, music; 47:35: Music, Universal soldier (cut off towards end), anti-war parody of Yankee Doodle Uncle Sam with Australian refs (Omega, Pine Gap etc); 59:10: Commentary regarding nuclear bomb testing at Marilinga (SA) and Monte Bello islands; 1:01:15: Music, 'But I aint a marchin' any more'; 1:04:05: Commentary re costs of arms race - refs to gay and feminist anti-war groups overseas; 1:05:58: Music, Down by the riverside/Aint gonna study war no more, promo for Enola Gay and prep for Hiroshima Day, instrumental music, music US forces (Midnight Oil), Soft touch (Poison Girls); 1:26:56: Music, Thank Christ for the bomb, eerie instrumental music, Maralinga (Midnight Oil), Not another bomb song, ending at 1:39:00.Maxwell UD XL I - C90 cassette tapeInscribed in biro on label: "ENOLA GAY Disarmament Special - Gaywaves 2SER 4/8/83."anti-nuclear activism, gay and lesbian activism, hiroshima day

Australian Military Forces - infantry Training - The Platoon Australian Military Forces - infantry Training - The BattalionPrinted in 1967 Restricted 1. Infantry Training Volume 4 Part 1 The Battalion (1967) 2. Infantry Training Volume 4 Part 2 The Platoon (1967) 3. Elementary Field Defences All Arms (1969) Three copies 4. Infantry Training Volume 1 Fieldcraft and Target Detection (All Arms) 1967 5. Infantry Training Volume 1 Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet 3C The Automatic Rifle - M16 (1966) Two Copies 6. Infantry Training Volume 1 Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet 7 Grenades and Pyrotechnics (All Arms) 1970 7. Infantry Training Volume 1 Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet 12 Theory of Small Arms Fire & Training the Battle shot (All Arms) 1967 Two Copies. 8. Infantry Training Volume 1 Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet 13 Gun, Anti-Tank, 84 mm, L14A1 (1966)noneaustralian military forces, infantry training volume 1

Carol Porter’s artwork Don’t get mad, get elected! features a woman towering over Parliament House in Canberra. Below her, tiny suit-clad politicians run screaming as she holds one of their colleagues upside-down, and another tumbles from her grasp. The look on her face is cool and determined; it is a reversal of the more common horror poster trope of ‘damsel in distress’. Porter says of the work: ‘It was tapping into the fact that women should get into power and make a difference’. Porter is a contemporary political cartoonist and poster artist who has worked out of Melbourne since the 1970s. She uses humour in her social commentary on various Australian issues and is well known for the prints she produced at RedPlanet – the alternative poster press inspired by an anti-elitist mission to reconnect art with communities. The poster was commissioned by the Victorian Women’s Trust. It first appeared on Melbourne billboards in 1997, a year after the federal election that swept John Howard to power.Donated by the artist

The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft that was used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during, and after World War II. No. 243 Squadron was a flying squadron of the Royal Air Force. Originally formed in August 1918 from two flights that had been part of the Royal Naval Air Service, the squadron conducted anti-submarine patrols during the final stages of World War I. The squadron was later re-raised during World War II, operating initially as a fighter squadron in Malaya and Singapore during 1941–42. It was briefly disbanded just prior to the fall of Singapore, and was re-formed in mid-1942, again as a fighter squadron, and fought in the Tunisian and Italian campaigns in 1942–44, before being disbanded in October 1944. In 1945, after training on transport aircraft in Canada, the squadron moved to Australia where it operated in support of the British Pacific Fleet before disbanding in mid-1946 Spitfire, also called Supermarine Spitfire, the most widely produced and strategically important British single-seat fighter of World War II. The Spitfire, renowned for winning victory laurels in the Battle of Britain (1940–41) along with the Hawker Hurricane, served in every theatre of the war and was produced in more variants than any other British aircraft.Brown timber frame with white mount containing photograph of fighter plane in sky.Spitfire by Barrie A F Clark (signed) Vickers Supermarine Spitfire Mk VB of 243 Squadron Royal Air Force 243 squadron royal air force, spitfire

42 Certificates of appreciation/participation awarded to Golden Square Primary School Parents' Club, students and teachers. Awards from International Year of Volunteers 2001; Loddon Campaspe Multicultural Services; Bendigo RSL; Indigenous Literacy Foundation; jeans for Genes; Generals Basketball Club; Melbourne City Mission; Anti-Cancer Council; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; MS Readathon, State Schools Relief Committee; Clean up Australia; Family Support Services, Parents Victoria; Good Friday appeal; Victoria Police Historical Society; Jump rope for Heart; Safety House Committee; Starlight foundation; City of Greater Bendigo Olympic Torch Relay; Camp Quality; Zone Football Carnival, School's Garden Awards; Heart Foundation; Target; Scholastic Book Club; School Industry Partnership Project; Royal Flying Doctor Service; Juvenile Diabetes Foundation; McDonald Camp Quality Puppets; Neighbourhood Watch; Centenary of Federation medallion certificate; Derby Hill Camp.bendigo, education, golden square primary school

Collection of approximately 87 receipts of various charities supported by S. A. Bush. 1202.21 Receipts to Charities 1923 – 1930 The Australian Christian World Salvation Army Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Fathers Association of Victoria The Navy League Bendigo Musical, Literary, Elocutionary and Calisthenics Competitions Prayer Union for Israel United Country Fire Brigades Demonstrations St Paul’s Church Building Funds and Church Donations Girl Guides ‘Association The Bendigo Choral Society Distressed Wives and Families Fund Seaside Garden Home for Boys (Phillip Island) Victorian Society for the protection of Animals British and foreign Bible Society Victorian Anti Liquor League and Victorian Prohibition League Burwood Boys’ Home Victorian Band of Hope and Junior Temperance Union Missionary Birthday Band Adult Deaf and Dumb Society of Victoria Returned Sailors and Soldiers Imperial League of Australia Association for the Advancement of the Blind and Home for the Adult Blind Bendigo Church News Birthday Gift to Merle Bush*uperson, individual, bush collection - personal

Card board box containing 3 individual envelopes (originally held 6) that hold one piece transparent plastic eye shield visors mounted on leather band with felt forehead comfort strip held by 3 staples. At the end of the leather band two lengths of black elastic material straps with one having a small hook and the other having small ring and when joined secure the shield to the wearers head. The elastic bands are secured to the leather using press studs which clip into two studs in the plastic visor to make the visor fit around the wearers face. The cardboard box is made of heavy duty cardboard with opening at one end to access the envelopes. The envelopes are beige manila type and not sealed. On cardboard Box a label - EYESHIELDS,ANTI-GAS, MK11 AIR SPRAY Action to be taken within ten minutes in the following order to prevent blisters--. 1. COTTON WASTE: Swab liquid off exposed skin. 2. OINTMENT: Rub hard on exposed skin for 1 minute. 3. EYESHIELD: Change. 4. CLOTHING: If detector shows large drops, remove or cut away as necessary. If cape "worn" swab off liquid. SMALL drops :no action. 5. OINTMENT: Rub on skin now exposed. 6. DETECTORS: If possible, remove and renew. (Tippet or Armlet). 7. WEAPONS: Decontaminate. 8. OINTMENT: Re-apply to hands. A.F.A.& CO. 1941

The Ballarat Technical Art School boasted a well-stocked Antique Room replete with plaster copies of classical, Renaissance and Gothic sculptural examples, which were used as drawing props by students. The school inherited some casts from its predecessor institutions, and further consignments were purchased during the 1920s, including full length, bust and relief figures, as well as dozens of ornamental and architectural casts. Unfortunately, much of the collection was lost or destroyed in the late 1950s. This is one of the few surviving pieces, with TAFE students reportedly drawing from it into the twenty-first century. This plaster hand is inscribed “Waschatz, Modeller, Melbourne.” Otto Waschatz was a German plasterer who opened a plaster business in the Melbourne suburb of Richmond, and was responsible for the invention of the first true fibrous plaster - using a layer of hemp laid between plaster to create light and strong panels. By 1912 Waschatz's Lottoid Pty Ltd was a thriving and creative business, and possessed over 5,000 moulds for all kinds of plasterwork. The business closed in 1915, as the result of anti-German sentiment during World War One. Plaster cast of a hand used as a teaching aid at the Ballarat Technical Art School. The Victorian Education Department courses required art students to create studies based on ancient sculptures so copies of famous works were purchased as teaching aids. Among these courses were 'Drawing the Human Figure from Cast' and ‘Drawing from the Antique’. Waschatz, Modeller, Melbourneballarat school of mines, art, arts academy, ballarat technical art school, vikki nash, plaster cast, otto waschatz, lattoid pty ltd, school of mines, plaster copy, drawing from the antique, drawing the human figure from cast

The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. In December 1941, 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 20th Motor Regiment. In 1943 redesignated 20th Pioneer Battalion and deployed to Merauke, Dutch New Guinea. The regiment was disbanded at the end of the war, 1945. 20th Light horse was the only light horse unit to serve overseas in WWII. Lieutenant Fyffe enlisted at the outbreak of war and served as VX 42774 with the 9th Division Cavalry Regiment in North Africa and was promoted to captain. During the attack on Trig 22 on 17 July 1942, Captain Fyffe, commanding a composite squadron, manoeuvred his tanks to knock out machine guns and anti-tank guns enabling 2/32 Battalion to capture the objective. Captain Fyffe was awarded the Military Cross for his leadership and courage in the action. This was 9th Division Cavalry's first tank action of the war. This is one of a collection of mugs presented by Officers of a Light Horse regiment drawn from rural and regional Victoria in the period between the World WarsSilver plated mug with handle and inscribed on side"20th Australian Light Horse Officer's Mess. Presented by Lieutenant H.G. Fyffe" and on base "Rigert EPNSAI 10 "officers' mess, 20th light horse, fyffe h g

HMAS Huon berthed at the wharf in Port Fairy Nov 1921. HMAS Huon (D50), named after the Huon River, was a River-class torpedo-boat destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Originally to be named after the River Derwent, the ship was renamed before her 1914 launch because of a naming conflict with a Royal Navy vessel. Huon was commissioned into the RAN in late 1915, and after completion was deployed to the Far East. In mid-1917, Huon and her five sister ships were transferred to the Mediterranean. Huon served as a convoy escort and anti-submarine patrol ship until a collision with sister ship HMAS Yarra in August 1918 saw Huon drydocked for the rest of World War I. After a refit in England, Huon returned to Australia in 1919. The destroyer spent several periods alternating between commissioned and reserve status over the next nine years, with the last three spent as a reservist training ship. Huon was decommissioned for the final time in 1928, and was scuttled in 1931 after being used as a target ship. She visited Port Fairy on a goodwill trip in November .Black and white photograph of naval ship berthedship, boat, sea, river, h.m.a.s.huon, moyne, naval ship

Diver's underwater compass used by British Royal Navy clearance divers during World War ll. Originally issued to ex-RN demolition diver (frogman), PO Leslie Wade, service number RJX 162991 of the Landing Craft Obstacle Clearance Unit (LCOCU), 1939 to 1945. Wade participated in the 'Operation Overlord' D Day landing at 'Juno' Beach, Normandy, France on the 6th June, 1944, in the early hours of the morning prior to the Canadian Army task force landing. Wade was with the LCOCU team tasked with clearing anti landing craft obstacles which were destroyed by placing explosive demolition charges. note: at some stage during the day Wade was wounded by enemy mortar fire and successfully evacuated to England for treatment. This compass is a large round prismatic type compass in a substantial watertight housing designed to be worn on the lower arm (wrist area). There is a thick leather two piece strap for attaching to the arm. The compass is presumably oil filled with a rotating disc marked with the numerals 2 to 34 in mirror image characters. The compass reading is viewed through a prismatic lens attached over the fixed heading marker.The rotating disc is marked with the usual compass markings of "N, E, S, W". The disc is marked in five degree divisions with mirror image numerals indicating the "2nd to 34th" major divisions. The circular bezel surrounding the compass viewing glass is stamped "Patt 251, No 177D"compass, frogman, diver, underwater

Paper detailing the Morning and Afternoon Service, Wreath Laying, Order of March, Assembly Points and Movement for the Anzac Day Service on Saturday, 25th April, 1959. Mentioned are: Mr W E P Carruthers, Lt Commander Herniman RN, Col L J Lockwood, 38 Infantry Battalion, Lt Col D Scholes, Ex-Navalmen's Club, Airforce Association, Railway Sub-section R.S.L., Bendigo Legacy Club, 6th Battalion Social Club, 38th Battalion Social Club, Rats of Tobruk Association, Ex P.O.W. Association, R.A.A.O.C., T.P.I. Social Club, Interunits Social Club, 105 Anti-Tank Social Club, 4th Aust. Armoured Regt. Social Club, Repatriation Local Committee, Catholic War Veterans Association, Bendigo Dad's Association, Legion of Exservicemen and Women, R.S.L. Women's Auxiliary, War Widows' Guild, S.S. & A. Mothers' Association, Ex-Navalmen's Club Ladies' Auxiliary, Airforce Association Ladies' Auxiliary, 38th Inf. Bn Ladies' Auxiliary, Sea Cadets, Air Cadets, Major T Martin, Mr G Styles, Court House Hotel, Sound Shell, and G F Osborne.event, official, anzac memorial service, r.s.l. bendigo collection - anzac service 1959, mr w e p carruthers, lt commander herniman rn, col l j lockwood, 38 infantry battalion, lt col d scholes, ex-navalmen's club, airforce association, railway sub-section r.s.l., bendigo legacy club, 6th battalion social club, 38th battalion social club, rats of tobruk association, ex p.o.w. association, r.a.a.o.c., t.p.i. social club, interunits social club, 105 anti-tank social club, 4th aust. armoured regt. social club, repatriation local committee, catholic war veterans association, bendigo dad's association, legion of exservicemen and women, r.s.l. women's auxiliary, war widows' guild, s.s. & a. mothers' association, ex-navalmen's club ladies' auxiliary, airforce association ladies' auxiliary, 38th inf. bn ladies' auxiliary, sea cadets, air cadets, major t martin, mr g styles, court house hotel, sound shell, g f osborne

VX 42774 Captain H G (Bob) Fyffe, a grazier from Tocumwal, NSW, served with the Tocumwal troop of the 20th Light Horse prior to WWII (1939-46). He enlisted at the outbreak of war and served with the 9th Division Cavalry Regiment in North Africa. During the attack on Trig 22 on 17 July 1942 Captain Fyffe commanding a composite squadron manoeuvred his tanks to knock out machine guns and anti-tank guns enabling 2/32 Battalion to capture the objective. Captain Fyffe was awarded the Military Cross for his leadership and courage in the action. This was 9th Division Cavalry's first tank action of the war. The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. In December 1941, 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) converted from horse to mechanised, as 20th Motor Regiment. In 1943 the regiment was deployed to Merauke, Dutch New Guinea. Upon return to Australia in 1945 it was redesignated 20th Pioneer Battalion and disbanded at the end of the war. 20th Light Horse was the only light horse unit to serve overseas in WWII.Silver plated tankard with engraving on side.20th LH / Officers Mess / Presented by Lieutenant H G Fyffe fyffe, 20th, light horse

Yields information about the a significant Australian author's (Batman in The Bulletin - Keith Dunstan) views on Melbourne's trams and the closure of Bendigo tramway system in 1972.Newspaper clipping from The Bulletin, April 29, 1972 in the 'out and about' column written by 'Batman', titled "Revamping the old tram image". Written by Keith Dunstan - see Other information below. Article concerns the romance of Melbourne's tramway system and its relationship to the closure of the Bendigo system and the scene at the time in Bendigo upon closure. Title: Batman in The Bulletin: The Melbourne I Remember Author: Dunstan, Keith Publisher: Australian Scholarly Publishing ISBN-10: 1740970624 Year Published: 2004 Binding: Paperback For more than four decades his finger has been on the pulse of the city. Whether the subject is royal tours, the passing of old ways, the destruction of our historic treasures, the splendour of Collins Street, the peculiarities of our politicians and leading citizens or the mad passion for sport; he knows about its foibles, its fads, fashions and fanaticisms. Best known as the founder of the Anti-Football League and as Melbourne's witty daily newspaper scribe Keith Dunstan wrote regularly for the legendary weekly news magazine The Bulletin from the early 1960s under the pseudonym of `Batman'. In an introduction specially written for this volume Keith tells the story of how his `moonlighting' efforts began and how he was found out. Includes a forward by Barry Humphries.closure, bendigo, melbourne

The child's silk smocked dress with feather stitching is believed to have been worn by Mary Hodgetts, sister of the donor's mother. The dress is estimated to have been made in c.1919, but from its style it may date from the 1900s. This would not be uncommon as children's clothing was often 'passed-on' or reconfigured to fit a new wearer. Mary Hodgetts grew up in Kensington Park, Adelaide. As an adult, Mary enlisted in 1941 to the 1st AWAS camp. After six months she volunteers for the 58th AASL (Anti Aircraft Searchlight Battery). She was sent to Sydney where she attended Training School with 33 males and one other female. Mary was the first AWAS to receive a Commission in the RAA (Royal Australian Artillery). Mary Downer was one of many under Mary's command on returning to Adelaide. After a March through the streets of Adelaide, most of the unit transferred to Western Australia (Fremantle area) in 1943 and were scattered amongst the 55th and 65th AASL Batteries. At the conclusion of WW2, Mary travelled to Melbourne to be with her sister and studied Accountancy. She first lived in Mary Street, Hawthorn, and then bought a unit in Harcourt Street, East Hawthorn. During this period she worked as Bursar to St Catherine's Girls' School. On retirement, she purchased a house in Edgecombe Street, Kew, and lived there happily for many years. During this time she was active with the Kew Meals on Wheels, receiving her 10-years of service certificate. Mary Hodgetts died in 2018.Child's clothing associated with the history of a significant Australian woman who served with the 2nd AIFChild's silk smocked dress Shoulder width 26 cm / Length 52 cmmary hodgetts, 58th aasl (anti aircraft searchlight battery), children's clothing, women- ww2

Bella Guerin was born on 23 April 1858, at Williamstown, Victoria. She studied at home to matriculate in 1878, and then gained her Bachelor of Arts from the University of Melbourne in 1883, becoming the first woman to graduate from an Australian university; she followed this with a Master of Arts in 1885. She taught at Loreto Convent, Ballarat, urging the establishment of higher education scholarships to produce ‘a band of noble thoughtful women as a powerful influence for good’. She married an elderly poet, Henry Halloran, who died shortly afterwards leaving her with a young son, Henry. She returned to teaching and from the mid-1890s frequented suffragist circles. A second marriage in 1909 to George D’Arcie Lavender was also short lived. Bella Guerin was vice-president of the Women’s Political Association from 1912–14 and co-authored Vida Goldstein’s 1913 Senate election pamphlet. However, dual membership of the non-party feminist camp and the Labor Party was prohibited by the latter in 1914, so from that date she campaigned for the Victorian Socialist Party and the Women’s Socialist League, speaking out on a range of controversial issues. She led the Labor Women’s Anti-Conscription Fellowship during the 1916 referendum campaign. In 1918, as vice-president of the Labor Party’s Women’s Central Organising Committee, she caused controversy by describing Labor women as ‘performing poodles and packhorses’ who were used for fundraising but under-represented in policy decisions—and she was right. Bella died in Adelaide on 26 July 1923 of cirrhosis of the liver and is remembered for her idealism, her oratory skills and her commitment to equity for women. Black and white photograph copy print of Bella Halloran (nee Guerin) with her son Henry. .2) Photograph that has been removed from displaybella guerin, bella halloran, henry halloran, julia margaret guerin, feminist, university women

Bella Guerin was born on 23 April 1858, at Williamstown, Victoria. She studied at home to matriculate in 1878, and then gained her Bachelor of Arts from the University of Melbourne in 1883, becoming the first woman to graduate from an Australian university; she followed this with a Master of Arts in 1885. She taught at Loreto Convent, Ballarat, urging the establishment of higher education scholarships to produce ‘a band of noble thoughtful women as a powerful influence for good’. She married an elderly poet, Henry Halloran, who died shortly afterwards leaving her with a young son, Henry. She returned to teaching and from the mid-1890s frequented suffragist circles. A second marriage in 1909 to George D’Arcie Lavender was also short lived. Bella Guerin was vice-president of the Women’s Political Association from 1912–14 and co-authored Vida Goldstein’s 1913 Senate election pamphlet. However, dual membership of the non-party feminist camp and the Labor Party was prohibited by the latter in 1914, so from that date she campaigned for the Victorian Socialist Party and the Women’s Socialist League, speaking out on a range of controversial issues. She led the Labor Women’s Anti-Conscription Fellowship during the 1916 referendum campaign. In 1918, as vice-president of the Labor Party’s Women’s Central Organising Committee, she caused controversy by describing Labor women as ‘performing poodles and packhorses’ who were used for fundraising but under-represented in policy decisions—and she was right. Bella died in Adelaide on 26 July 1923 of cirrhosis of the liver and is remembered for her idealism, her oratory skills and her commitment to equity for women. Duplicate photograph of Julia Margaret (Bella) Guerin the first woman graduate of The University of Melbourne, B.A. 1883, M.A. 1885, The original is held by Melbourne University Archives. bella guerin, bella halloran, julia margaret guerin, university of melbourne, graduation, feminist, university women

The Hutton Trophy or Shield was awarded annually to the best Light Horse Troop in Australia. The trophy is now held at the Armoured Centre Puckapunyal. Inter-regimental competition was strong in the years between WWI and WWII. Annually, the best troop in the regiments of the 3rd (Vic), 4th (SA), 5th (WA) and 6th (Tas) Military Districts competed for the Hutton Trophy and the Lord Forster Cup. The Tocumwal Troop 20th LH commanded by Sgt HG (Bob) Fyffe were the winners in 1937/38 and the Tallangatta Troop 8th LH led by Lt L Wildsmith, in 1938/39. Other competitors in 1938/39 were the York Troop, 10th Light Horse (WA), Burnie Troop 22nd LH (Tas) and Orroroo Troop 9th/23rd LH (SA). Troops were marked on Personnel, Horses (type & turnout), Saddlery, Hotchkiss Gun (turnout), Horsemanship, Fire control, Shooting (rifle & H gun), Sword action and Time. VX 42774 Captain Robert (Bob) Fyffe, a grazier from Tocumwal, NSW, served with the Tocumwal troop of the 20th Light Horse prior to WWII (1939-46). He enlisted at the outbreak of war and served with the 9th Division Cavalry Regiment in North Africa. During the attack on Trig 22 on 17 July 1942 Captain Fyffe commanding a composite squadron manoeuvred his tanks to knock out machine guns and anti-tank guns enabling 2/32 Battalion to capture the objective. Captain Fyffe was awarded the Military Cross for his leadership and courage in the action. This was 9th Division Cavalry's first tank action of the war. Complement other images in collectionBlack and white photograph glued to corrugated plastic backing card showing two officers with large silver shield. Occasion is the presentation of the Hutton Trophy to the troop leader of the Tocumwal Troop 20th Light Horse Regiment, Lieutenant H G (Bob) Fyffe, 1938.hutton trophy, tocumwal, fyffe, light horse, competition, victoria

R54257 Chief Electrician Weapons Radio, Raymond Henry Hunt, Royal Australain Navy. Raymond Henry Hunt's unit: HMAS Hobart. His Vietnam Service was from 22nd March 1968 - 17th June 1968. In the early hours of 17 June 1968 Hobart was part of a naval task unit operating in the vicinity of Tiger Island north of the demilitarized zone off the east coast of North Vietnam. An unidentified aircraft was detected approaching the ship from the vicinity of Cap Lay and although evaluated as a ‘friendly’ it continued to close, firing a missile that struck Hobart amidships on her starboard side. The warhead passed through the main deck, seriously damaging several compartments, while the body of the missile passed through the outer skin of the aft funnel before ending up embedding itself in the forward funnel. In its passage shrapnel from the disintegrating missile killed Ordinary Seaman Butterworth who was closed up at the ships exposed anti aircraft control position above the bridge. Able Seaman JR Parker and Ordinary Seaman RF Davidson also suffered injuries. As Hobart's crew raced to action stations a second and third missile hit the ship. The second missile entered the transom without detonating, destroying the gunner's store before breaking up in the engineer's workshop and penetrating the after seaman's mess. The third missile hit the ship in the same area as the first, passing through one of the ship's fan spaces, the missile director equipment room and Tartar checkout room. Chief Electrician RH Hunt was killed in this attack and several sailors injured. Five Replica Medals are placed horizontally on a single line of a blackboard that sits on a black stand. The first four medals are silver with four different ribbons. The last medal is gold and white with green and white alternate ribbon.hmas hobart, royal australian navy, raymond henry hunt, friendly fire, north vietnam, r54257, chief electrician weapons radio, tiger island

In July 1947, the Commonwealth Defence Council approved the formation of a Fleet Air Arm which would be controlled and operated by the RAN. The initial planning included purchase of two aircraft carriers, aircraft and establishment of shore facilities. The carriers were named HMA Ships Sydney and Melbourne, and the shore facilities were at Nowra. HMAS Albatross was commissioned in August 1948 and the 20th Carrier Air Group, comprising Sea Fury and Firefly aircraft, was brought from England to Australia by HMAS Sydney. These aircraft, operated by 805 and 816 Squadrons, disembarked to Nowra in May 1949. In November 1950, they were joined by the Carrier Air Group of 808 and 817 Squadrons, also flying Sea Furies and Fireflies. HMAS Albatross has been expanding ever since. As more capable aircraft have been acquired, so ground support facilities have had to be built. In 1955, Sea Venoms and Gannets arrived, requiring radar workshops and test facilities. More aircraft necessitated stricter standards of air traffic control and a new control tower was built in 1958. In 1964 the introduction of Wessex helicopters, with a dunking sonar capability, required a further expansion of services. In 1965, it was decided to buy American aircraft to replace the ageing British Gannets and Sea Venoms. McDonnell Douglas Skyhawks and Grumman Trackers were chosenand additional avionics facilities were built to service the complex equipment they carried. The helicopters now based at HMAS Albatross have restored to the RAN much of the anti-submarine capability lost when the Tracker squadron was disbanded in 1983. In recent years significant redevelopment has taken place, continuing the operation of HMAS Albatross and recognising its strategic importance as the sole Royal Australian Navy Air Station.Wooden Plaque 15cm x 13cm with insignia of H.M.A.S. Albatross H.M.A.S. Albatross

Cast iron stoves burn solid fuel such as wood or coal, and are used for cooking and warmth. The stoves have a firebox with a grate where the fuel is burned. The hot air flows through flues and baffles that heat the stove top and the oven. Before cast iron stoves were invented, cooking and heating were carried out in outdoor open fires, and later, in fireplaces inside the home. In 1642 the first cast iron stove was manufactured in Lynn, Massachusetts, where molten cast iron was poured into a sand mould to make rectangular plates that were then joined together to make a box. Benjamin Franklin invented the more efficient Pennsylvania stove in 1744, and this efficient design is still used today. After the mid-19th century cast iron stoves were produced with burners in different positions, giving varied temperatures, so a wide variety of foods could be cooked at the same time at the most suitable heat, from slow cooking to baking scones. In contemporary times people the new wood-burning stoves had to meet the anti-pollution standards now in place to protect our environment. By the 1920s gas cookers were being introduced for domestic use, and by the 1930s electric home cookers were being offered to householders. PLANET STOVES In August 1925 the firm Cox and Rizzetti, Stove Works, and also Sydney Road, South Melbourne, advertised in the Brunswick and Coburg Leader of November 11, 1925 as "formerly with Harnwell and Sons" and as "specialists in solid cast iron Planet stoves ... which merit an inspection from builders and householders". The firm continued in business and was mentioned as sponsors in the King Island News in 1971. Harnwell and Sons was listed in the Victorian Government Gazette of 1894. It is curious that the firm was mentioned in an article in the Sunrasia Daily of June 14, 1934 titled 'Planet Stoves' as a manufacturer of Planet Stoves. This Planet No 3 stove is an uncommon example of cooking equipment used in kitchens in the early 20th century, as the firebox is above the oven rather than beside it. The cast iron combustion stove is significant as part of the evolution of domestic cooking. Previously cooking was mostly carried out in outdoors in open fires, and later in fireplaces indoors. Cast iron stoves are still used today and have additional features such as thermostats to monitor and maintain temperature, water heating pipes connected, and environmentally approved anti-pollution fittings. Stove; a compact, blackened cast iron combustion cooker, installed within a fireplace and enclosed by bricks on both sides. The upright rectangular stove has a flat top with three round, removable cook plates and a flue connected at the back. The front has three doors with round knob handles; a swing-down firebox door above a sliding ashtray, and two side-hinged oven doors above a sliding opening. Inside on the side walls are two pairs of runners. Behind the pair of doors is an oven with two pairs of rails and two removable metal shelves. The stove has cast inscriptions on the chimney flue and on the front of the right hand side stove door. The model of the stove is The Planet No 3, made in Melbourne.Chimney flue, "[within rectangle] THE / PLANET" Stove door, "(within oval) PLANET / No 3"flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, stove, cast iron stove, combustion stove, wood-burning stove, wood stove, wood oven, solid fuel stove, cooker, the planet, planet, planet no. 3, kitchen equipment, baking, domestic cooking, cooking equipment, food preparation, planet stove, planet cooker, cooking range, slow combustion stove, antique, range cooker, cox and rizzetti, harnwell and sons, melbourne manufacturer

Established by George Guthrie in 1857 (about 5km north of its current site) and then again seven years later in 1864 after it initially closed, Bendigo Pottery remains one of the most influential and longest running Pottery’s in Australia. Over the years the Pottery has contributed to the growth and development of the district through both its products including building products, table ware and decorative and commemorative war as well as artistically, being responsible for training and supporting many potters locally. The City of Greater Bendigo has had a long history of partnering with Bendigo Pottery and the Civic Collection holds a number of important items within its collection. This John C Watson (Chris Watson) 'reform' flask was one of a limited edition character bottles produced by the Pottery to commemorate important figures in Australian politics. He was the first Labour Prime Minister elected forming a minority government in April 1904, aged 37, after the ALP withdrew its support from Deakin. He was one of the first socialists to head a government in a parliamentary system, attracting international attention, and remains Australia's youngest prime minister. After less than four months in office, the Watson government lost a confidence motion and Watson was succeeded as prime minister by anti-socialist George Reid. The original reform flasks were English salt-glazed stoneware flasks produced in the early 19th century shaped into the form of figures connected with the Reform Bill of 1832. Much was made of puns like ‘the spirit of reform’ at the time. Artist John Frith has taken the reform flask form as inspiration for a series of political ceramics of some Australian Prime Ministers. The series included Edmund Barton, Alfred Deakin and Watson.Glazed ceramic flask in the shape John Watson. Square shaped with most of the detail on the front facing side other than head which is more detailed. Cork still in place in top of head.On reverse of flask; John C Watson / Prime Minister / of Australia / 27.4.1904 / To / 18 .08. 1904 Bendigo Pottery / LMTED / Edition Series / 55/1200 /Australia Signed lower centre; 'Frith'australian politics, bendigo pottery