This 305 page, full colour hard copy reference work, catalogues the series of metal uniform embellishments used by Units and Regiments of the Australian Army, from 1953 through to the date of publication. The book provides images of the front and the back of a given (metal) insignia set for each Unit or Regiment operating within the Australian Army since 1953 (including abolished formations). Each image set, depicts the relevant hat badge, collar badges and epaulette title and/or cloth shoulder title applicable. The book’s images document at least three distinctly different ‘generations’ of insignia manufacturing methods/types, including the: gilt brass and white metal items used in the 1953 to 1964 period; and anodised aluminium ‘StayBright’ insignia introduced as from 1964 and ‘BriteShine’ insignia introduced with effect from 1997 (running through to today). The full colour photographic images in the book are complimented by written descriptions which cite each item’s distinguishing characteristics… including measures of: typical weight, height, width and thickness (at a given point). A discussion of copies and faked items is also provided, including microscope resolution images of ‘tell tale’ signs to look for. The entries in this book are organised alphabetically and are consistent with those used in the Authors’ earlier publications (ie. the 614 page eBook version of Volume 1, as well as with the 236 page ‘Concise’ hard copy Editions of Volume 1). australian army insignia, post ww2 insignia and badges

Presented by the Honourable Lord Mayor JT Franklin, CMG, MLC, JP, at a parade held at Karrakatta Camp on 7 April 1929. Consecrated by the Chaplain General COL Riley, OBE, VD, DD. With the re-activation of the Citizen Military Forces (CMF) following the Second World War, the 11th/44th Infantry Battalion (The City of Perth Regiment) was raised in 1948 as a linked battalion to carry on the identity and traditions of the pre-war 11th and 44th Battalions respectively. The King's and Regimental Colours formerly held by these two battalions were passed on to the new battalion who paraded them in rotation on ceremonial occasions. Under major reorganisation of the CMF in 1960, all individual infantry battalions that existed at the time within each State were amalgamated to form State regiments, taking effect from 1 July 1960. Thus from that date the 11/44th, 16th and 28th Infantry Battalions were amalgamated to form The Royal Western Australia Regiment. In September 1960, at a ceremonial parade held at Northam Camp, the Colours carried by all former battalions were handed over for safe keeping by the new regiment These former colours were subsequently laid up in the undercroft at the State War Memorial, King's Park on 29 November 1964. These were transferred to the Army Museum of WA in 1988 as part of the Bicentenary Colours Project. Dark green with gold fringe. In the centre the battalion colour patch of a brown over blue rectangle within a circle inscribed "ELEVENTH INFANTRY - PERTH REGIMENT". Beneath the circle a scroll inscribed with the regimental motto "VIGILANS". The whole surrounded with a wreath of Australian wattle and surmounted by the Crown. In the upper canton the Arabic numeral "11". Battle Honours emblazoned on the colour:- SOUTH AFRICA 1899-1902, SOMME 1916-18, POZIERES, BULLECOURT, YPRES 1917, MENIN ROAD, HAZEBROUCK, AMIENS, HINDENBURG LINE, LANDING AT ANZAC, DEFENCE OF ANZAC

Ballarat Shool of Mines played an important role in training returned World War One servicemen via the Repatriation Vocational Training Scheme. Operating from 1917 to 1922, this scheme offered trades-based training to a large number of returned soldiers, depending on aptitude and level of disability. Many returned soldiers were unprepared for the workforce after demobilisation because of war injuries, or lost study opportunity during the years of their service. The Scheme was designed to give ex-servicemen the skills to find jobs, boost post-war economic recovery and add to social cohesion. It operated from 1917 to 1922. White paper with handwritten script in ink. The rough draft letter relates to free tuition for returned soldiers at the Ballarat School of Mines28.8.1916 Major Lazarus Secretary Returned Soldiers Association Y.M.C.A. Ballarat Dear Sir. On the 25th February last my Council adopted a resolution to the effect that application from returned soldiers for free tuition at this school would be favorably considered. At the Council meeting held on Friday last, the 25th inst., the matter was further discussed and, at Colonel Bolton's suggestion, it was decided that it would be in the best interests of the movement, if application for admission were received through your association. The undermentioned gentlemen were appointed as a sub-committee to receive such application and will be very pleased to interview any soldiers whom you would recommend as trainees. Yours faithfully Joseph A. Day Sub committee:- Col. W.K. Bolton, Mr T. Hurley. W.R. Stephenson, The Principal of the Science School (Mr E. Fenner), and the Principal of the Art School (Mr H.H. Smith)repatriation, repatriation vocational training scheme, ballarat school of mines, world war, world war 1, bolton, colonel bolton, w.k. bolton, joseph day, t. hurley, r. stephenson, fenner, h.h. smith, returned soldiers, returned soldiers association, balllarat ymca, major lazarus, world war one, repatriation

Clothing. Navy blue silk dress with V neckline faced in soft pink silk, which is overlaid with navy rouleau, giving a ''lattice'' effect, and then the neckline has been bound with navy fabric. The lower edge and side is decorated with three, four-petalled flowers, backed with navy fabric, with navy covered buttons in each centre, and navy tipped, pink rouleau 'stems'. Three X 2 cm diameter navy covered buttons are spaced on either side of neckline. Six X 1cm wide loose pressed(not stitched) pleats and two 2 cm pleats form a panel from neckline to waist of bodice. This pleating continues from the waistline, and is stitched horizontally for 31 cm below the waistline, before falling in a pressed form to the hemline. Back of skirt is plain, with top stitched centre back seam, which opens into a (X2) 5.5 cm wide inverted pleat at centre back. Long sleeves are also pleated-stitched down horizontally, for 17 cms, then pressed(not stitched) to the cuff. The cuff has an 8 cm deep peak, tapering to 4.5 cm deep at the opening-which fastens with two metal press-studs. Sleeve fullness is gathered into the cuff.costume, female, navy blue dress

Light camel coloured silk (in very poor condition). Long sleeves overlaid with fine black lace in a floral design. Stand-up collar, five cm deep is overlaid with the fine black lace, and finished with a corded braid on the upper edge. Sleeves are tightly gathered at the shoulder tapering narrow at the wrist, giving a ''leg-o-mutton'' effect. 12cm wide fine black lace, attached at the neck edge, and shoulders, forms a ''puff'' decorative over the shoulder, and continues in a ''over-panel'' to the waistline. Ten x 1cm diameter plastic buttons, with a floral impression in them (2 missing) and 12 hand stitched button holes form the front opening. From the lower opening, six ''pintucks'' 12 cm deep, open into pleats at the lower edge, giving fullness to the bodice. Four metal hooks are evident on the lower tucked front and seven hand stitched eyelets are indicated, but are now severely damaged. Bodice is boned with ten X 17cm long bones, and is fully lined with cotton.A tiny 8cmX7.5cm, oval-at-one-end, pocket is stitched into the front opening, at the bustline. Back hemline dips to a V shape at centre backcostume, female, victorian bodice - cinamon coloured silk

86 page A4 sized bound document - Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference of Australasian Tramway Museums, Whiteman Park, Perth W.A. 29 May to 4 June 1992. Has heavy card covers, wire bound with printed title details in blue on the front cover. Has ISSN number. Prepared by the Perth Electric Tramway Society. See item 1254 for photo of conference delegates. - notes should be on page 3. Arrived loose. See also the COTMA website for a full pdf copy of this document. Contents: Acknowledgements Participants Conference Programme keynote Address - Urban Transport: What does the past tell use about the future? Papers W class Status Report - L. Jean The place of Tram Museums in the International and Australian Tram Movement Our Cultural Heritage Management of Rolling Stock Driver Training at Bendigo Tramways "Trolley Wire" Collection Policies Occupational Health & Safety Relationships with Local Government Corrosion - Electrolysis Promotion Accreditation and Its effect on Tramway Museums in NSW Workshops COTMA - what is Needed? Membership for the Young Archives Conservation Management Review COTMA Electrical Operations Rules Visits and Tours Reports Museum Directory.Inside front cover has BTPS stamp and Mail received - 14/11/1994 and item no. "5154" in blue ink.trams, tramways, cotma, perth, proceedings, conferences

Set of three documents concerning the MMTB Gratuity or Pension payout scheme. .1 Top half of an A4 photocopied sheet, with a tear off slip, titled "To all employees who elected in 1955 to remain under the provisions of the "old" gratuity scheme", giving employees the option to transfer to the new scheme (see item .3), asking to return the slip by 5/9/1981. .2 - Letter, stencil cut duplicated on quarto paper on MMTB letterhead, dated 9/5/1955, advising Ron Wearne of 31 Soudan Street Malvern that he has elected to remain in the present or "old" Retiring and Death Gratuity Scheme. Typed on Loadable Parchment watermarked paper. Signed in ink by H. A. Warner Secretary. .3 - Printed document on semi gloss paper titled "Notice to Employees Retiring and Death Gratuities" setting out the comparison in payments between the old and the new schemes that was to come into effect on 1/6/1955. Has a comparison of the scales on the rear of the Notice. Dated 31/3/1955 and printed Signed by H. A. Warner Secretary. Added to images 24-9-2016. 2nd copy of .3 added 8/2/2019.trams, tramways, gratuity scheme, mmtb, retirements, pension, notices to staff

Pink, purple, green and grey floral patterned dress. Rayon fabric with smooth surface. Sleeveless bodice with wide shoulder straps. The shoulder straps widen from 6cm at the front across the shoulders to attach at either side of centre at 14cm. Back of the bodice is made of four straight pieces from waist to above bust line. The front of the bodice is made from three pieces with centre piece dipping. Narrow at front because gathered in to U shape at centre front at waist. Across the bust line are two pieces of fabric with horizontal folds to create fullness. The pieces are joined at centre front with a decorative knot of fabric. The bodice and shoulder straps are lined with cream coloured net. Two darts at front and two at back from waist. The full length skirt is made from two pieces at the front and the back is made from four pieces. Back of the bodice inverted at skirt. Back opening at centre back with 26cm metal zipper. Hook and eye above zipper. On either side of centre back are two folded pieces of gathered fabric attached at waistline to create the effect of a large bow with tails. Attached at the waist on each hip are two padded sections of fabric 39cm x 10cm, gathered at waist.costume, female daywear, dress

Nimons Bridge was built in 1890, as part of the then Ballarat-Linton railway. The bridge is 17 spans with tall timber piers of four driven piles each, with triple sets of diagonal cross-bracing and walers and a single row of longitudinal horizontal bracing between piers. The spans are of a uniform twenty feet (6.1 metres), originally supported by four 21-inch x 9-inch (535 mm x 230 mm) Kauri timber beams per span, following the standard V.R. design of the period. When the superstructure was rebuilt after the 1953 fire, the timber beams were replaced with two 24-inch (610mm) deep rolled-steel-joists on each span. These are marked 'Lancashire Steel Co., Scotland' and are believed to have been second-hand. The deck of transverse-timber planks is 103.6 metres in length. Overall the bridge has an impressive appearance with its exceptionally tall triple-cross-braced piers creating a 'three-tiered' effect, with the deck 19.2 metres above the Woady Yaloak River. The Ballarat-Skipton line closed in 1985. Nimons Bridge has been recently restored, as part of the Ballarat-Skipton Rail Trail. How is it significant? Nimons Bridge is significant for technical, historic and aesthetic reasons at a State level. Why is it significant? Nimons Bridge is technically significant as Victoria's fourth-tallest timber trestle bridge when built, and as the third-tallest surviving example. It is also the second-largest composite bridge combining traditional timber piers with RSJ spans and a timber deck and falls within a select group of fewer than ten timber railway bridges with horizontal longitudinal bracing between the piers and three sets of double cross-bracing on its tallest piers, creating a visually striking 'three tiered' effect that enhances its viaduct form. Nimons Bridge is historically significant as having served initially the mining community at Linton, then the Western District agricultural area and in later years a kaolin quarry at Pittong. Nimons Bridge is historically significant as a representative of the 'light' branch line methodology that stimulated the explosion of railway construction in Victoria during the 1880s, and provides an interesting contrast with the more solid and vastly more expensive railway viaducts built in similar terrain on Victorian main lines, at Moorabool and Taradale, in the late 1850s. Approached by a deep cutting and high embankment at either end, the bridge represents a very cost-effective late 19th century engineering solution to the characteristic physiography of western Victoria with flat basalt plains intersected by deep wide valleys occasionally subject to severe flooding. Nimons Bridge is aesthetically significant for its visually impressive viaduct form, crossing a deep and steep-sided valley that is part of a rich cultural landscape. Within close proximity of the bridge are mullock dumps, tailings, shaft sites and other relics of the deep-lead alluvial mining era. The bridge is the most visually spectacular timber-trestle rail bridge in Western Victoria and is among the most spectacular timber-trestle rail bridges surviving anywhere in Victoria. It is part of the Ballarat-Skipton Rail Trail. Classified by the National Trust :02/10/2000 (http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/67986)Colour photograph of a log bridge known as Nimon's Bridge.ballarat-linton, nimons bridge, nimon's bridge, log bridge, viaduct, timber-trestle rail bridge

"Freight forwarding" is the arranging of the shipping of goods from their point of origin to their final destination. Freight Forwarders worked as an intermediary between companies that needed to ship products and the shipping and transportation firms that could ensure delivery. A key element of "freight forwarding" was the advice and professional handling of documentation and customs requirements provided. Early "freight forwarders" tended to be innkeepers who forwarded on the luggage of their hotel guests. One of the first "freight forwarding" companies was established by Thomas Meadows in 1836 which made it one of the earliest freight companies in Europe. More reliable rail and steamships were beginning to be used to transport goods and this created a demand for the new "freight forwarding" industry. The combination of railroads and steamships became very important in the late 19th and early 20th century. International shipments became common and freight forwarding that could handle their complexity became an integral part of the manufacturing and shipping landscape. Thomas Meadows & Company Ltd moved to offices in Milk Street, London in 1854 (where they remained until 1969 when they moved out of the city to Leytonstone) and continued in the freight business until 1987 when the company was acquired by Rockwell International Freight. The growth of Thomas Meadows & Company Ltd coincided with the growth and development of the colony of Victoria with an increasing need for the transporting of large numbers of people as well as important goods required by the growing colony - furniture, spirits, food, clothing, agricultural implements, household items etc. In the late 1840's only two or three overseas ships a month visited Melbourne but by late 1852 (after gold was discovered) more than a dozen ships arrived each week. By 1939, Thomas Meadows & Co. Ltd. had offices in Canada, U.S.A., New Zealand, France, Belgium and in Flinders Street Melbourne. This poster was sold by "Smarts Authorised Newsagency" in 1988 in Warrnambool - a business that had been owned by Neil and Shirley Smart at 168 Timor Street, Warrnambool since 1976. Previously it had been "Reed's Newsagency and Book Shop" (a local business established by William Reed circa 1912 and known as "William Reed Bookseller and Stationer"). The original owners, Reed's Newsagency and Bookshop were operating the shop in 1939 which suggests the poster may have been on display (for the information of their customers) in their shop at that time. This poster is significant through its association with Thomas Meadows and Co. Ltd. who is considered to be the founder of the "freight forwarding" industry in the early 19th century. It is an example of advertising used by shipping agents in the mid-19th to early 20th centuries. Its information includes the addresses of the firm's different offices in the U.K. and abroad, ships, shipping lines and ports used and the timetable the vessels were likely to follow. It is also significant through its association with a well known and long standing local Warrnambool business.A 1939 Timetable of "Australian Sailings" produced by the shipping agents Thomas Meadows and Co Ltd. It lists all their ships (plus dates and ports) sailing from the UK to Australia as well as the addresses of their offices in other cities in the U.K., Canada, U.S.A., Australia, New Zealand, France and Belgium. It has three vertical columns depicting (from left to right) January to June sailings, a simple 1939 calendar and their July to December 1939 sailings. The poster is attached on the top and bottom to two thin black metal strips. The top strip has a metal ring with a hole. A stamped label on the back of the poster has the name, telephone number and address of Smarts newsagency plus the date.Front of poster - "FORWARDING AGENTS. INSURANCE BROKERS.PASSENGER AGENTS.CARTAGE CONTRACTORS / MOTOR CAR AND MACHINERY PACKERS.FURNITURE AND GENERALEXPORT PACKERS" "THOMAS MEADOWS & CO Ltd." "ESTABLISHED OVER 100 YEARS" "SHIPPING AGENTS / 35 MILK STREET, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2" "PACKING WAREHOUSES IN LONDON & MANCHESTER" "1939" "TIME TABLE OF AUSTRALIAN SAILINGS" "JANUARY TO JUNE, 1939/ FROM LONDON" "JULY TO DECEMBER, 1939 / FROM LONDON" "HAVE YOUR SMALL PACKAGES SENT BY OUR SPECIAL "SMALLS" SERVICE AT LOWER RATES/RATES TO PORT ONLY OR INCLUDING DELIVERY THROUGHOUT AUSTRALIA" "INSURANCE AGAINST ALL RISKS EFFECTED WITH CLAIMS PAYABLE DESTINATION" "ROUTE YOUR SHIPMENTS VIA THOMAS MEADOWS & CO LTD. FOR PROMPTNESS AND ECONOMY" Stamp on back of poster - "SMART'S AUTHORISED NEWSAGENCY' "168 Timor Street, Warrnambool 3280" "Telephone: (055) 62 2092" "12 DEC 1988" Sticker at bottom - "51"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipping, shipping agents, freight forwarding, freight, shipping time table, thomas meadows & co. ltd., thomas meadows shipping agent, shipping and forwarding agent, smart's newsagency, warrnambool, warrnambool newsagency, chart, poster, smart's authorised newsagency, neil and shirley smart, william reed, reed's newsagency and bookshop

Anecdotal evidence holds that most men returned from Vietnam in the dead of night, hidden from the public. In fact, large numbers actually returned on HMAS Sydney, to a welcome by dignitaries and a parade. The manner of their homecoming affected the way in which veterans recovered from the war, those who did arrive late at night to no fanfare and the seeming indifference of the military had more trouble adjusting to life at home than did those whose return was more public and who had had the benefit of a couple of weeks unwinding on board Sydney before reaching Australia. But the return home was only the beginning of a long period of readjustment. For a long time after the war large numbers of Vietnam veterans felt that many in Australia blamed them, rather than politicians, for the war and the way it had been conducted. Images of the war, many still familiar, of children burned by napalm, of the dead of My Lai, of a South Vietnamese general summarily executing a member of the Viet Cong in the streets of Saigon, had an effect on public opinion and public understanding. The fact that these images related more to the American/Vietnamese experience in Vietnam was less remarked upon. People associated the role of Australians in the war with that of the Americans in a way that failed to recognise the two countries’ different approaches to fighting in Vietnam. see https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CDwQtwIwAg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DYL06ddRmiJE&ei=O9OJUYnxC5GaiQeey4HQCA&usg=AFQjCNEjq876qAoYu0WnWslDSNRUJlmuBw&bvm=bv.46226182,d.aGc Wooden Plaque 15cm x 13cmVietnam Vererans Parade Sydney 1987

Iodine is an essential trace element for life, the heaviest element commonly needed by living organisms. In medicine, potassium iodide is usually used to treat acute thyrotoxicosis. Hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid, is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces and secretes excessive amounts of the free (not protein bound, and circulating in the blood) thyroid hormones, This is the opposite of hypothyroidism ('sluggish thyroid'), which is their reduced production and secretion. Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Iodine's main role in animal biology is as a constituent of the thyroid hormones thyroxine If there is a deficiency of dietary iodine, the thyroid will not be able to make thyroid hormone. The lack of thyroid hormone will lead to decreased negative feedback on the pituitary, leading to increased production of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which causes the thyroid to enlarge (the resulting medical condition is called endemic colloid goitre This has the effect of increasing the thyroid's ability to trap more iodide, compensating for the iodine deficiency and allowing it to produce adequate amounts of thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormones are essential to proper development and differentiation of all cells of the human body. These hormones also regulate protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism, affecting how human cells use energetic compounds. They also stimulate vitamin metabolism. Natural sources of iodine include sea life, such as kelp and certain seafood, as well as plants grown on iodine-rich soil. Iodized salt is fortified with iodine. Elemental iodine is used as a disinfectant in various forms. It is a wound cleaner and Iodine also acts as an expectorant of mucous from the common cold and other respiratory ailments. Iodine is a common aid for skin conditions, such as acne, ..A brown glass triangular shaped bottle with a plastic screw top lid that contained IodineFront Label : SANA / TINCTURE WEAK (2 1/2 % ) / IODINE / POISON / ANTISEPTIC COUNTER / IRRITANT ETC. / THE SANAX CO. / 5 BRUNSWICK STREET FITZROY / TEL. J 3208 MELBOURNE. on side : ANTIDOTE FOR IODINE / DIRECTIONS.........pharmacy, medicines, iodine, athritis, glassware, bottles, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, thyroxin, goitre, iodised salt, gravves' disease

The International Committee of the Red Cross was formed in 1862. Initially its purpose was to try and find ways of overcoming the inadequacy of army medical services so as to alleviate the suffering of those wounded in armed conflict. Over time it has extended its work to include many forms of humanitarian aid in times of peace and war. The Australian Red Cross Society (ARCS) was formed just after the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, originally as a branch of the British Red Cross. It is especially remembered in the provision of “comforts” for soldiers overseas. Enormous sums of money were raised, and thousands of women volunteers contributed their time by making vast quantities of clothing: socks, vests, mittens, mufflers, pyjamas and a variety of linen. Items were sent to headquarters located in the state capitals, often using government houses as depots, where, after being sorted and packed by yet more volunteers, they were sent to Britain or the front. The effect of this work for the recipients was to bring comfort in its truest sense, for a seemingly trivial gift of a bar of chocolate of a pair of dry socks could bring the most profound relief for a soldier on the Western Front. From the date of its inception until the armistice the ARCS dispatched 395,695 food parcels and 36,339 clothing parcels Between 1914 and 1918 more than £3,500,00 was collected and spent on Red Cross services to the Australian Forces and Empire Forces. During WW1 and WW2 Red Cross raised funds selling buttons.Early settlers in Moorabbin Shire held fundraising events for the support of Red Cross Victoria and made cakes and knitted socks, gloves and scarves for distribution to serving men and women Metal buttons with printing on themRed Crossred cross, fund raising buttons, wwi, wwii, french red cross, british red cross, market gardeners, early settlers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, cheltenham, caulfield repatriation hospital

The International Committee of the Red Cross was formed in 1862. Initially its purpose was to try and find ways of overcoming the inadequacy of army medical services so as to alleviate the suffering of those wounded in armed conflict. Over time it has extended its work to include many forms of humanitarian aid in times of peace and war. The Australian Red Cross Society (ARCS) was formed just after the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, originally as a branch of the British Red Cross. It is especially remembered in the provision of “comforts” for soldiers overseas. Enormous sums of money were raised, and thousands of women volunteers contributed their time by making vast quantities of clothing: socks, vests, mittens, mufflers, pyjamas and a variety of linen. Items were sent to headquarters located in the state capitals, often using government houses as depots, where, after being sorted and packed by yet more volunteers, they were sent to Britain or the front. The effect of this work for the recipients was to bring comfort in its truest sense, for a seemingly trivial gift of a bar of chocolate of a pair of dry socks could bring the most profound relief for a soldier on the Western Front. From the date of its inception until the armistice the ARCS dispatched 395,695 food parcels and 36,339 clothing parcels Between 1914 and 1918 more than £3,500,00 was collected and spent on Red Cross services to the Australian Forces and Empire Forces. During WW1 and WW2 Red Cross raised funds selling buttons.This Carnival was an example of the support given to Red Cross by market gardeners, early settler families and schools in Moorabbin ShireDandenong Red Cross Carnival 1917red cross, dandenong, springvale, chelsea, dingley, keysborough

The Slingsby T31 is a two seat training glider that came available in 1951. It is, in effect, a two seat version of the single seat Kirby Tutor. The T31 was marketed by Slingsby Sailplanes both as complete aircraft and kits of parts for assembly. The Australian Gliding Museum’s example (currently registered as VH-GDB) is one of five of this type to grace Australian skies. Three including GDB were assembled in Australia from kits supplied by Slingsby’s in England, the other two were delivered as completed airframes. To date only four remain of which two are airworthy. This aircraft began flying in at Caversham in Western Australia (the then home of the Gliding Club of Western Australia) in July 1956. It was badly damaged in a crash in June 1958. The wreckage was sent to Schneiders in Adelaide for repair. However, the Club decided against having the repairs done, opting instead to buy a new ES52 Kookaburra. After a couple of years, the wreck was purchased by a member of the Waikerie Gliding Club whereupon the glider was rebuilt with some modifications, including a more rounded and better streamlined fuselage nose. It returned to the air in October 1961 at Clare in South Australia. The ownership of VH-GDB passed through a number of clubs, including at Dubbo in New South Wales, Wimmera in Victoria and Pioneer Valley at Mackay in Queensland. Eventually, it came into the hands of Bill Riley of Tocumwal in New South Wales who held it in storage for many years. Riley donated the aircraft to the Museum. It has been restored to airworthiness and is flown at vintage glider rallies and on Museum open days. This exhibit is an excellent example of a Slingsby T31 Tandem Tutor, a type of glider that was used by a number of clubs in the 1950s and 1960s for dual training of pilots to the solo capability.The Slingsby T31b Tandem Tutor is an open cockpit, tandem, two-seater glider with high, pylon mounted two piece wing supported by double, wire braced, steel tube struts. The glider is fitted with a main wheel, rubber-block sprung, wooden nose skid and steel leaf sprung, brass shod tailskid. The basic controls of aileron, rudder and elevator are not supplemented with pitch trim. Wing lift spoilers and both aerotow and winch releases are fitted. The instrument panels in both cockpits are fitted with an airspeed indicator, cosim variometer and altimeter. This red and silver painted wood and fabric covered aircraft is in excellent condition having been restored to full airworthy status by the Australian Gliding Museum. SLINGSBY – T31b (nose – both sides) DB Australian Gliding Museum (rudder – both sides) It has been given Serial Number GFA/HB/12 and is registered as VH-GDBaustralian gliding, glider, sailplane, slingsby, tandem tutor, t31, gliding club of western australia, waikerie gliding club, wimmera soaring club, pioneer valley soaring club

Jamieson's comments appear in an article surveying the Uniting Church, 7 years after union. "One member who disagrees with the church presents social justice issues is David Jamieson, who has been editor of the Ringwood parish quarterly magazine "Insight" since union. Mr Jamieson says he knows scores of people who find it very hard to accept what he considers is a bias in the presentation of social justice issues. 'I know a lot of people who are becoming alienated because they feel their side of the story is not being presented by the church. They feel only the radical side of justice issues is being hammered. I think the more conservative side has validity. My main concern is the flood of study booklets and material on social justice issues which look at them from only one angle. The bias is on greed, excessive profits and most unworthy aspects of the multi-nationals compared with the most humanitarian concerns of the left. No mention is made of humanitarian concern by big business or the extremes of the left — such as unwarranted industrial action and the effect that this has on the poor and unemployed. No mention is made of excessive wage demands by highly paid people who are pressuring for bigger flow-ons. ….. I do not believe the church should be neutral on political issues. In fact I agree with nearly all of its stands. But we should look at both sides before making up our minds. Only then should we be vocal in a political sense, no matter how one-sided."Full face, looking intently at the camera.C&N identification.jamieson, david, church union 7th anniversary, social justice

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Commonly used to split pulpwood but now rareBlack Powder Splitting GunFive marking rings used to guide how far the gun was in the logforest harvesting

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the recoil shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Log Splitting gun (large 50cm)forests commission victoria (fcv), hand tools

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the recoil shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Log Splitting gun (large 45cm)forests commission victoria (fcv), hand tools

Clothing. Black silk-satin fabric, mid-calf length dress, gathered from the waistline. A black, pleated cummerbund encircles the waist, fastening at the left side with three metal hooks, and hand stitched loops. Long set in sleeveshave a fine piping around the arm holes, and have a hand stitched neatening to finish. Shoulder seams are also piped. A long, narrow collar of lace, bound in 2.5 cm satin edging, attaches almost to the waistline-finishing just 9 cm above the waist. A 'bib front' attached at the right side to the bodice lining, attached to the eaistline, and closing on the left hand shoulder side, with metal hooks, and hand stitched loops. Bodice closes over the top with a metal press-stud. Front bodice has three tiny pleats on each shoulder seam and gathers into the waistline seam. Fine georgette fabric, backed with fine net fabric, is with tiny glass beads, and forms the top of the 'bib front'. Fine beading of tiny beads outlines the high round neck. Larger glass beads and silky lace trim the lower 'bib front'. The lg sleeves are gathered lightly at the shoulder, which isoutlined with fine piping. Cut as a straight piece of fabric, a rectangular 'wing effect' at the wrist, is lightly gathered into a 13 cm deep lace cuff, fastening with two metal hooks, and hand-stitched eyes. Sleeves are lined with fine fabric.costume, female, black silk satin dress

Long sleeves, with gathering at the elbow to allow movement. Finished at the wrist with two eleven cm deep frills, edged with two cm wide navy blue, cotton fringing. A four cm deep gathered frill edges the high round neckline, with a narrow piping finishing the neckline seam. Two panels at the front extend from the shoulders,to the peaked waistline. These are gathered at the shoulders, edged in navy blue fringing, and the waistline edge has the gathers alternately stitched together to form a hook and eye fasteners. A fine piping defines the peaked waistline. Bodice fully lined with cream cotton fabric. Armhole/sleeve seam finished with a fine piping.Skirt has been hand stitched into tight tiny pleats. Skirt is fully lined with cream linen, and is edged at the hemline, with one cm soft green braid. Centre front of skirt has a panel extending from the peak of the waistline, where it is 5.5cm wide to the hemline, where it is 20cm wide. This panel is edged in the navy blue fringing, and is attached to the skirt at approx 15-18 cms. Panel is fully lined with cream linen. At approx. 9-10cm spaces a 4cm fabric frill and an angled band of the navy fringing. This gives a ''ladder-like'' effect. Sleeves are bell shaped, and finished at the wrist with a 11.5cm and a 12.5cm frill, both finished with the navy fringing.costume, female, full length dress with blue fringing

High round neckline finished with a 2 cm fine striped silk stand-up collar-(this is now severely damaged). One metal hook fastener at the neckline, but no loop remains, although thwere is some evidence of a hand stitched remnant of a loop. Eight rounded buttons (one missing) are bound with silk thread. Sleeves have a fine rouleau piping at shoulder. They are round in shape at the elbow, and finished with a flounce, which is trimmed with 2.5 cm band of contrasting, finely striped silk and a 5 cm wide silver silk braid, as in 11400.975 and 11400.976. A gathered frill and a band of striped ribbon trim the upper edge of the flounce. The striped ribbon, and silver braid trim the front panels, either side of the button opening, and a band of the striped ribbon and silver braid trim the lower edge of bodice.Bodice and sleeves are lined with cream polished cotton, while the lower front panels, which give a peplum type of effect, are lined with cream silk. Centre back panel has a fabric bow, trimmed with the darker striped fabric, and the silver braid bow is 13 cm wide, plus the 5 cm silver braid. Pleated tails of the bow are part of back bodice. An inside 2cm wide cotton tape, with metal hook, and hand stitched loop, fastens around the waistline. Garment is machine and hand stitched. Buttonholes are hand -stitched.costume, female, gold silk victorian bodice

Handwritten copy of a report in the Bendigo Advertiser 12/7/1910 Page 2. New Chum Mines. Progress of Bailing Operations. The bailing operations at the New Chum mines have not yet had the desired effect of lowering the water. On the contrary the water continues to rise in the Victoria Quartz which is the mine most directly affected. It is expected that the necessary preparations at the Lazarus will be completed today when it is hoped that bailing will be commenced at that mine. The success of the bailing scheme will largely depend on the efforts of the Lazarus to cope with the water and the progress made during the next few days will be awaited with interest. It is generally believed that the great volume of water is coming north from the southern group of mines. The companies south of the New Chum Consolidated are not bailing, and the pumping service at the New Chum Railway which is installed down to the 550 ft. level has not been operated since that company abandoned work a few months ago. A perusal of the statistics of the New Chum Drainage Association shows that the pumps at the New Chum Railway were lifting on anaverage close on 1,000,000 galls of water per month in the winter. That great volume of water is now pouring from storage dams at 550 feet to the deep levels, and in the natural order of things will have to be lifted by the tanking system in vogue at the mines N.' Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, victoria quartz influx of water, bendigo advertiser 12/7/1910 page 2, victoria quartz, lazarus, new chum consolidated, new chum railway, new chum drainage association

BHS CollectionSage coloured silk long sleeved dress. One piece full length dress. Full length side panels from shoulder to hem. Front of bodice extends below waist line to form two points on either side of front opening. Front opening is fastened with twelve fabric buttons (1-5cm) and button holes. Small standup collar(3cm) fastened at throat with hook and eye. Bodice shaped with two darts on either side of front opening. Small ruched pocket on LHS of bodice at waist level. Long narrow fitted sleeves shaped at the elbow. Decorative cuffs at wrists of ruched frilling (8cm) with triangularturned flap on top edge at back of cuff. Back of dress has four panels. The two centre panels extend below waist to to two points. The centre skirt panel is attached under the centre two panels and is gathered by five deep pleats to form a bustle effect extending to a long train. Front centre panel has horizontal gathering with ruched frills in centre, and at sides. Side panels overlap front centre panel. Hemline has pleated frill above the hem which is finished with cord. Skirt is lined with an open weave, brown cotton fabric. Bodice is lined with brown polished cotton. Hand stitched and machine stitched.costume, female, sage coloured silk dress

Set of eight report on traffic counts during the 1970's. All Foolscap except .8, with notes, tables, charts and maps. .1 - "PM Peak traffic counts - March/April 1974 for the City Cordon and beyond the City Cordon" - May 1974 - red tape binding. .2 - "PM Peak Traffic counts - April 1975 - St Kilda Road Cordon" - June 1975 - red comb binding .3 - "AM Peak Traffic counts - October 1974 for the City Cordon and beyond the City Cordon" - December 1974 - red comb binding .4 - "St Kilda Road Cordon 1976 - PM Peak outbound traffic count" - Feb. 1976 - - red comb binding .5 - "St Kilda Road Cordon 1973 - AM Peak Inbound Oct. 1973" - dated Nov 1973 - red tape binding. .6 - "City Cordon Passengers counts AM Peak - Feb & March 1972, PM Peak March 1972 - showing effect of change of State public service and also introduction of late night shopping." - June 1972 - was bound with red tape. .7 - "PM Peak traffic counts - April 1975 for the city cordon and beyond the city cordon" - dated June 1975 - red comb binding .8 - "City Cordon 1977 PN Peak outbound traffic count" - dated June 1977, A4 - red comb bindingIn top left hand corner "Lees" in pencil or ink and some with the report title on the left hand edge for filing purposes.trams, tramways, mmtb, tramways, surveys, passengers, st kilda rd

Prior to its demolition in 1979, the St Kilda Municipal Depot occupied a 1.2 hectare site at 33 Inkerman Street St Kilda. The land was initially purchased by the Council in 1867 as a site for a permanent market, which ceased to operate in about 1882. In October 1923, the Council discontinued the practice of disposing garbage by burial in tips when it opened a garbage incinerator at the Depot. After thirty years this incinerator had become both obsolete and objectionable to health and was replaced in March 1953 by American-designed Monohearth Garbage Destructor Units. According to the Council, these Destructor Units were the only ones of their kind in Australia and they removed all the objectionable features of garbage disposal (particularly for the employees). They were expected to serve St. Kilda's requirements for the next 80-100 years. In 1957 the Council said that the Destructor Units had 'enabled substantial economies to be effected in the annual costs and have proved a very successful venture. The Council now destroys the garbage from the City of Brighton, which pays for the privilege, and it is anticipated that other Municipalities will also take advantage of ihe benefits of this modern and, in Australia.' See 'City of St Kilda 1857-1957 A Brief Outline of Progress and Development' [82] In 1994, as a result of the local government amalgamation process combining the former Cities of Port Melbourne, South Melbourne and St.Kilda, the new City of Port Phillip owned three municipal depots. The St. Kilda municipal depot site became surplus to requirements and, in 1996, the City of Port Phillip resolved to use the site for a community housing project under the City of Port Phillip Housing Program. Colour photographCouncil Yards before demolition 1979st kilda, st kilda municipal depot, inkerman street, council depot, destructor

Bushfire behaviour is influenced by many factors including temperature, relative humidity (RH), forest type, fuel quantity and fuel dryness, topography and even slope. Wind has a dominant effect on the Rate of Spread (ROS), as well as fire size, shape and direction. Temperature and relative humidity have major impacts on fuel dryness and therefore upon the availability of fuel for combustion. The amount of fine fuel available can increase rapidly from nearly zero when fuel moisture content is more than 16% after rain or a heavy morning dew, to many tonnes per hectare as fuel dries out later in the day and the moisture content drops below 9%. This explosive escalation in the amount of available fuel can happen over a few hours on hot and windy days. A sling psychrometer is a simple device for determining air temperature and relative humidity. It contains two thermometers, one of which is covered with a wick saturated with ambient temperature liquid water. These two thermometers are called dry bulb and wet bulb. When the sling psychrometer is spun rapidly in the air, the evaporation of the water from the wick causes the wet bulb thermometer to read lower than the dry bulb thermometer. After the psychrometer has been spun long enough for the thermometers to reach equilibrium temperatures, the unit is stopped, and the two thermometers are quickly read. A psychrometric scale on the side of the instrument is then used to convert the dry bulb temperature TDB and the wet bulb temperature TWB into humidity information. The wet bulb temperature is approximately equal to the adiabatic saturation temperature. The thermometers fold back into the plastic handle when not in use. Used to measure temperature and relative humiditySling PsychrometerBACHARACH INSTRUMENTS - Pittsburg PAbushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv)