The Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) was originally invented by the grandfather of Australian bushfire science, Alan Grant McArthur, during the 1950s and ‘60s. Alan published his landmark paper, “Controlled burning in eucalypt forests” in 1962. Leaflet No. 80, as it was known, proved a turning point for forest and fire managers across Australia. More importantly, Alan was very practical forester and wanted his work to be useful to people in the field, so after several iterations he came up with the now familiar circular slide rule called the Forest Fire Danger Meter (FFDM).  The Mk 4 version first appeared in operational use in 1967. Two Forests Commission staff, Athol Hodgson and Rus Ritchie, built on McArthur’s pioneering work and by applying their own practical experience, developed a modified version in the late 1960s called the Control Burning Meter which was better suited to Victorian forest conditions.Introduced to the FCV in 1970Control burning meterbushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv)

Louise Paramor says, “I just love colour and playing around with it, it makes me feel good. I get a kick out of harmonising colour in conjunction with form. I think if there was more finely tuned colour in the world it would be a better place. There exists a lot of untamed colour in the everyday and to me this is often creates a feeling that is the opposite of uplifting.” In this work, Paramor creates a utopian building from collaged pieces of paper, which have been painted in planes of coloured enamel. Often these collages become sculptures, for which Paramor is mainly known. Andy Gomez writes of Boomtown, “Louise Paramor invites us into her own fabricated domain, where colours are coherent and vivid, buildings are unique and non-conformist, where public sculpture exists for the sake of form, colour, line, and levity. There is an inherent optimism at work here, exalting the accomplishments and ingenuity of the urban sprawl and the enforced participation of a shared culture and experience that offers.”

Main Street Looking West. Kays Star Hotel c1907 The Star Hotel had a chequered life. Like a number of other hotels it started life on Commercial Street Pleasant Creek, the first License being held by Mr. William Francis in 1858. It was shifted to Main Street Quartz Reefs in 1860 and had many tenants over a long period. For many years it stood in the centre of the roadway in Main Street and had to be moved to give more room for traffic. It is one of the reasons we have a bend in the Main Street. As a Hotel it had 54 years without a conviction against it. Although it had many licensees it was owned by one family for the last 27 years of its life as a Hotel. It was delicensed in 1916 because it was too close to the Albion which was a better building. Currently (2025) occupied by the Stawell Club and is licensed. The walkway beside it to the carpark is names Star Lane.Main Street Stawell looking West c1907. Bull & Mouth Hotel with verandahs on Left, Kay's Star Hotel on Right. Group of men talking in roadway at right. Telegraph pole prominent near centre of photo.Main St. Stawell Looking West.stawell, hotel

This medal was produced in 1988 by the Australian Bicentennial Authority as a memento for distribution to all school students in Australia. It was one of many medals struck to commemorate 200 years of European settlement in Australia.This medal is of some interest as it is a memento of Australia’s Bicentennial celebrations and it is one that all school children in Warrnambool and district would have received at that time. This silver circular medal has five stars and a large group of men, women and children some of whom are holding hands and dancing on the reverse. On the obverse is a geometrical shaped logo and two sprays of leaves. The medal is encased in a three page green , gold, blue and red coloured card folder The inside area has the Australian flag and streamers. Medal: AUSTRALIA on reverse. AUSTRALIAN BICENTENARRY 1788-1988 On the back cover of the folder: A Coat of Arms and Governor General of Australia During 1988 we commemorate 200 years of Australia's history in the modern world and will be celebrating our Bicentenary in many different ways. But one thing that we should all be doing is thinking about what it is to be an Australian. We should be learning about our past, trying better to understand the present, and thinking of the part we can play in the Australia of the future. You are Australia's future . Keep this medallion as a reminder of this important year in our history. Signed Ninian Stephen bicentennary, schools

Yields information about the incidents/accidents that can occur on a street tramway system - collisions resulting in the rare virtual total demolition of a tram in Ballarat.Black and white photograph of SEC No. 20 after accident on 16/9/1970. See Kings, "Ballarat Tramways" p57 for further details. Taken in Victoria St. by Courier and published the following day. Tram has been almost completely demolished to the floor boards. Published the following day in The Courier. See also Reg. Item No. 1089 for better print of this photograph. See item 1088 for story in The Courier of 17/9/1970., 551.1 - Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos SEC era" (Archive Documents) for source of details. Wayne Kell, Pitman SEC 1968-1971 - advised 10/10/2020 that the driver did not work again. Normally two young ladies would travel together on that service and would sit on the right hand side of the car at the front. This night, only one travelled and she sat on the left hand side. See Reg Item 8125 for item. On rear "Copyright, The Ballarat Courier Proprietary Limited" in blue ink stamp.trams, tramways, ballarat, victoria st, accidents , tram 20

Can we humans simply ignore the fires, the floods, and the increase in deaths brought about by climate change? In this book, Australian farmers - who bear the brunt of climate change, yet accept the science - share their experiences with the unpredictable weather events, the reduction in rainfall, and the shift to hotter months which are a challenge to farming cycles. Far from contributing to the problem with their farming practices, these farmers demonstrate how to reduce their greenhouse gases - to zero or below in some cases - while remaining profitable. They are all committed to pass on their farm in a better condition than when they first purchased or inherited it. With crops or livestock, big or small, they have worked cooperatively, mostly through land management, to plant thousands of trees, which has led to the daily presence of over 100 bird species. The farmers' inspiring and informative stories will open up a new world to most urban dwellers. A summary of climate change impacts - and an account of the numerous economic, political, and media barriers toward change - combine to provide a context for their work. 280 pages : colour illustrations, colour maps, colour portraits ; 23 cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Also available in digital formats: ebook &​ epdf. ISBN 9781925078503 Dewey number 338.10994 Chapter 5 : Bob & Anne Davie Donor : Anne Davie ; Date : 14.10.2015.agriculture -- environmental aspects -- australia., farmers -- australia -- economic conditions., rural development -- australia., climatic changes -- australia.

The steam engine indicator, or dynamometer, is an instrument used on a steam engine (such as that of a vessel or train) to measure and record the change in the pressures of the engine’s cylinders during their operating cycle. The engineer would use it to identify problems or defects such as bad valve settings or constricted steam pipes. It could indicate the difference in efficiency caused by adjustments made to the engine, being able to instantly measure the variation of pressure from the engine stroke at any given time. This force of power would be registered by a pencil, fitted to the adjustable arm, which would trace a line on paper wound around the cylinder. The recorded information could be used in conjunction with mathematical tables. This particular instrument was made by T.S. Mc Innes, one of the better manufacturers of engine indicators. Mc Innes engine indicators were still being used in the mid 1900’s. This specific instrument was used by Mark Forsythe of North Berwial, Scotland and late of Ararat, Victoria when he was chief engineer on the “SS Talawena” in 1892. The Port of Warrnambool, in Victoria, harboured steam ships that carried both passengers and cargo along the south west coast in the late 1800’s and into the 1900’s. The engineer of a steam ship was responsible for reaching and maintaining the optimum level of steam energy to serve the locomotion and efficiency of the steam ship. The engineer would use a steam engine indicator to measure and record information to achieve this purpose. Engine Dynamometer or Steam Engine Indicator in square, fitted oak case. This brass instrument is used to measure and record steam pressure for setting up and adjusting valves on a steam engine. It has an oscillating recording drum with vertical, silver clip attached for holding paper in place around the drum. The drum oscillates left to right. There is a pulley attached to a length of cord, which is attached to the drum. Beside the drum is a fine metal arm, vertically adjustable, small hole in the end to hold a pencil. Inscription stamped into bracket of the arm. The engine indicator is mounted on a hinged side of the case that swings out ready for use. Attached chains prevent the side from opening past vertical. There is storage for other accessories and an empty compartment in the base (where a scale or ruler may have been located). The case has a collapsible wooden handle, brass hinges and two brass, hook-shaped catches. There is a code stamped inside the lid. It contains a brass, ‘T’ shaped steam-cock (or stop cock) with two open ends made of metal pipe with different sized threads. (Turning the handle on top opens and closes the space in the pipe and would close off the flow of steam from one end to the other.) Also inside the case are three different spiral springs, each with a threaded nut on the end that has a threaded hole inside it. Used by Mr Mark Forsythe when chief engineer on the SS Talawena in 1892 “T.S. MC INNES PATENT” and “522 _ _” (last 2 digits are unreadable) pressed into the arm of the brass indicator. “[ ] X ’ stamped inside the lid of the case. The 3 springs all have a number stamped into them: (1) “32” and “12” (2) “12” and “16” [above] “12” (3) “64” and “150” Card that came with instrument “This instrument was used by Mark Forsythe of North Berwial Scotland and late of Ararat, Victoria when chief engineer on the SS Talawena in 1892" dynamometer, steam engine indicator, t.s. mcinnes, glasgow, dobbie mcinnes, port of warrnambool, warrnambool, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road

In 1932, Edward Thomas Both invented the first portable direct reading electro cardiograph. This item is a three lead electrocardiograph tracing conducted on one of Dr Angus' patients in 1939. Dr William Roy Angus (1901-1970) came to Warrnambool in 1939, purchasing the general practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson. He was the last serving Warrnambool Port Medical Officer. A health problem after the war prompted a change from general practice to ophthalmology. Dr. Angus became an important ophthalmologist , pioneering the use of the intrascleral cartilage implant which resulted in cosmetically better artificial eyes. He was an Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist at Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He was Secretary of the Victorian South West sub-division of the Australian Medical Association from 1949 to 1956 and Chairman from 1956 to 1958. His obituary in the Medical Journal of Australia (July 1970) stated he was "dedicated and devoted to both his profession and his patients" .This item provides a link to an Australian invention of medical equipment which improved diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions in the 1930's. It is an example of diagnostic recordings used by a Warrnambool doctor in 1939.This is a card record of a three lead "Both" Electrogram. The upper one third has places for the date patient details and diagnosis. There are three electrocardiogram tracings over graph paper in the bottom two thirds of the item. The reverse side has a handwritten in ink interpretation of the tracings.Front: BOTH ELECTRO-CARDIOGRAM No. Date July 4th 1939 Rate 130 Name Age Diagnosis The patient name has been blacked out. Dr. Angus is printed in the top right hand corner. Rear: The P wave in lead 1 is broadened and notched, and has a suggestive "plateau" top. This may indicate a mitral stenosis, auricular hypertrophy. E Bannondr william roy angus, both electro-cardiogram, dr angus collection

Each year World War One and World War Two veteran, and Ballarat Teachers' College Principal addressed the College community for ANZAC Day. The following are excerpts of his 1947 address. "...But we should do more than remember, and instead of pausing once a year for this purpose is should be our aim to remember daily - every day should be an Anzac Day so that we shall be inspired to take stock of ourselves if we are tryig to be worthy of almidst 100,000 dead who died to keep this country free to progress nobly towards a worthy goal, What are we dong about it? As a body of teachers er should be particulalrly concerned, as in our hands largely the growth of the children lies. In the schools we can do much in our work of every day to develop right standards and a better outlook amongst the children it is our privilege to teach. We can successfully teach the three "R's" but if this is all we do then we have failed. Is should be our aim, living in the spirit of those who gace so much, to dedicate ourselfes to the work of teaching young people how to live; to train them gently in ethical standards of conduct; to take responsibility; to live through the operation with otherts; to be prepared to give service without thought of personal gain; to realise to the full all that is best in them for the good of all. What we should do and how it is to be done is difficult to descibe, but if we ourselves have taught something of the Anzac Sprit we shall not fail. In particular, we shold take care of the orphan and th child of the disabled soldier. We should explore all avenues to see what that these children get every opportunity for higher education. As far as it lies in our power we should see that these children do not suffer - thus the legacy of war is ours. In a few months you will be going out to your schools. You will have young children around you. Let you arims be high. Try to live worthily and let your little community be the better and the finer for your coming. If you achiec somethig of thise then 100,000 shall nit have died in vain." Blue soft covered, stapled booklet named 'Extra Muros', the magazine of the Ballarat Teachers College, ANZAC Day. The contents include: The Year's Sport, J. Arthur Rank; Music; Dingo Blood; Anzac Day 1947; History of Sport; J. Arthur Rank Named images include: staff and students; Sports Committee; Social Committee; Student Council; Magazine Committee' Daylesford Camp; Anglesea Camp; Grampians Camp; Exies, College staff and students;A number of authorgraps are written into the back page. ballarat teachers' college, ellwood, lord, robinson, tozer, connelly, pattenden, collins, blake, faulds, sunderland, miller, bryan, yeo, frank lord, lindsay w. harley, lindsay w. harley, anzac day

The Album was compiled by Nancy McHaffie late 1990's, with the assistance of Edith Jeffery's, with her book "Garden of Memories" and extensive knowledge of Phillip Island. The Cemetery lies back from the road and is surrounded by Manna Gums, rare Peppermint Gums, Blackwoods and other native trees. In all 25 acres of land were set aside as Crown Land in the land settlement of 1868. There are 6.2 acres of wetlands near the cemetery entrance.466-42: Thomas William Hobbs BEM. Thomas was born in England and came to the Island in the 1920's to work for the Chicory Farmers. He later owned his own farm at Ventnor and won the Better Farming Competition conducted by the Phillip Island Council. He was always an active community worker. Thomas was a Councillor and served two terms as President. He was the only resident to be awarded the British Empire Medal, Civil Division, for services to Phillip Island. Thomas died 1980 aged 75. His wife Catherine died 1991 aged 87. 466-43: Matilda Richardson. Matilda was born at Kyneton on 12th July 1865 and came to Cowes with her parents in 1869. She attended Cowes Primary School with her brothers and sisters. She became ill in November 1872 and died on 10th February 1873 aged 8 years and 7 months, from a severe bout of Quinsy. It was a great sadness to the family and they went to a lot of trouble to secure Matilda a fine grave in the cemetery. It is the oldest grave in the cemetery and a lasting memorial for her short life.phillip island cemetery, cr. hobbs, matilda richardson grave, nancy mchaffie, edith jeffery

Black and white photographs of the Farewell to Alex Cowmeadow on 10 October 1961. On the reverse of two photos is written '10/10/61 A. Cowmeadow Farewell'. Another photo has on reverse a handwritten note 'Dear Alex / In / memory of happy / days at Collingwood. / Seasons greetings / to Mrs Cowmeadow. / 'Dick'.' Alex Cowmeadow started at Collingwood as a teacher of carpentry and cabinet making in 1927 and stayed there for 34 years until his retirement in 1961 when he was head of the Cabinetmaking and Chair and Couch Making Departments. Besides his trade teaching activity, Alex was involved in the sporting activities of the school and also organised interchange visits between students of Collingwood and Goodwood Technical School in South Australia. After his death in 1970 it was discovered that he had left his property for the benefit of Collingwood Technical School. This generous gesture enabled the development of a much better school camp at Camp Westlake in Buxton, where two wings of the camp were named after Alex and his wife Doris Cowmeadow – reminders to the students of the generosity of their former teacher. (George Eraclides, 2013). collingwood technical school, camp westlake, alex cowmeadow, nmit

Set of 15 copy negatives, of black and white photographs of Victorian Railway trams from Ray Pearson Collection, taken by Dave Macartney in 1975c. Original negative held in the negative file. Scanned at 2400 dpi and cropped as necessary. Images as shown replaced by scan from the original Ray Pearson Album provided by Mal Rowe, April 2020 or that there is a better image. .1 - No. 1 - retained. .2 - Cr. T. Bent driving 1st spike - replaced .3 - Works car at Elwood - replaced .4 - No. 23 at Sandringham - replaced .5 - No. 35 at St Kilda - replaced .6 - ditto - replaced .7 - No. 51 at Sandringham - retained. .8 - St Kilda station view - retained. .9 - No. 3 cross bench car at Elwood - replaced .10 - No. 7 end view - replaced .11 - No. 5 at St Kilda Station - replaced .12 - No. 6 cross bench car side on view - replaced .13 - Cr. T. Bent driving 1st spike - replaced .14 - No. 7 - retained. .15 - Enclosed cross bench car at Sandringham - retained. trams, tramways, victorian railways, st kilda, sandringham

The Hanro company was established in Switzerland in 1884. In 1926 a site in Hargreaves Street Bendigo, behind the School of Mines, was purchased to establish the Bendigo Knitting Mills, a subsidiary of Hanro. The managing director was Charles Handerchin who came from Switzerland. The company was delisted from the Australian Stock Exchange in 1963 when it was taken over by John Brown Industries.Hanro Autumn-Winter Catalogue 1962: The cover is of card with a white background with a large H in blue to the right. Sketched in black pen is a lady with a cardigan buttoned up with six buttons, long sleeves and a collar. To the right in white is *Hanro* under that in black print is *Catalogue Autumn-Winter 1962 Swiss Inspired Knitwear* Inside the cover is advertising. Attached with cello tape is a green sheet of paper with a sketch of a lady wearing a sweater with long sleeves and collar and bow. To the right is a medal, circular in shape with *Fashion Award Australian wool bureau* under that is Hanro, Gold Medal Winner 1962 Wool Fashion Awards*, a description of the garment, size and colour. Look better in a Hanro Sweater!* The catalogue is on gloss paper with sketched so ladies modelling Pullovers, cardigans, twin sets and jackets. Each item has its garment number description, sizes and colour. The back page is white with a large H to the left with *Hanro* in white and (Aust) Knitting Mills Limited* to the right is a box with a black border with the Sales offices addresses and phone numbers. At the bottom is *The Quality Is A Proud Tradition*.book, magazine, catalogue, hanro. catalogue.

The Mother Hubbard Roller Washboard was the hottest selling door-to-door item in America in the early 1900s. Its patented design featured threaded maple rollers that rolled in opposite directions. The touch could be light because the screw threads did all the work. It carried the Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval. The first roller washboard was made in Dover Illinois by the Hubbard brothers who ran their large sawmill there in the town where they were born. As the sales began coming in, they moved their plant in 1904 to LaMoille for better shipping facilities. In 1916 the sawmill was moved to Mendota Ill. and in addition to the washboards, the plant specialized in sawing walnut logs and forming them into roughs for gun stocks. All during the 1920s, the Mother Hubbard Washboard factory was a busy place. The boards were not made after 1935 once the electric washing machine became popular. This washboard appears to be a variation on the Hubbard system to get around their patented protection for washboards with rollers, the rollers appear to be made from maple indicating an American Manufacturer. The manufacturer of the subject item is unclear at this time.An unusual washboard with horizontal flutes designed to circumvent the Hubbard Brothers patent for washboards with rollers and vertical flutes. It makes the item rare and possibly made in Australia early 1900s and gives insight into how various companies tried to improve or get around other manufactures patented designs.Wooden washboard with rotating fluted rollers rectangular in shape and has 2 legsNoneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, washing equipment, washboard, hubbard brothers, domestic laundry

in the early part of the 20th century, Warrnambool's residents had their share of health problems.according to the Annual report by Dr H I Holmes in 1921. Diphtheria, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, polimyelitis and scarlet fever were common afflictions. The sanitary system or lack thereof was the primary source of much of this illness. The healthcare facilites were much better and the hospital was well run and was further improved by the opening of the baby health centre which was opened in October 1921. The centre was situated in Liebig street at the Town Hall and was open three days a week to offer advice to mothers regarding their babies. and Sister Riley was in charge. Miss Florence Lake who opened the centre was a well known resident of the town and generous benefactor of the Warrnambool base hospital.. Florence along with her sister inherited the Lyndoch estate from George and Annie rolfe in 1920. She was well known around the district for her good nature and humour. As her sister married and moved to Italy, she continued to run Lyndoch as it had always been. She died in November 1946 This plaque has historical and social significance as it notes the time in the history of Warrnambool when health came to the fore of public interest and importance. It also commemorates one of Warrnambool's better known citizens and the beginnings of the maternal health system in the cityThis heavy stone plaque grey in colour, with polished surface, is rectangular, with lettering cut and coloured in gold. all the lettering is in capitals. It is possibly graniteWarrnambool Baby Health Centre. This stone was laid by Miss Florence Lake 1st October 1927. F M Pattison President, C M Merrett Hon Sec.warrnambool, warrnambool baby health centre, sister riley, florence lake

Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are frames bearing lenses worn in front of the eyes. They are normally used for vision correction or eye protection. Pince-nez is a French style of spectacles, popular in the 19th century, that are supported without earpieces, by pinching the bridge of the nose. The name comes from French pincer, "to pinch", and nez, "nose". Although pince-nez were used in Europe in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, modern ones appeared in the 1840s and reached their peak popularity around 1880 to 1900 A solid bridge piece is moulded to fit the curvature of the bridge of the nose. They are anchored onto the bridge of the nose via two small spring-loaded clips terminating in special nose-pads made from bone or tortoise shell on metal called plaquettes, which are tweezered apart for placement on the face through applying pressure to two small lever-like finger-pieces located on the front of the bridge. Plaquettes could be either hinged and flexible, permitting a better fit, or static as in the older examples of this type.. They were popular from the 1890s through to the 1950s, One half of a pair of lady’s Pince-nez eyeglasses with 1 gold rimmed glass lens , a gold style bridge and a fine gold chain that is attached to the side of the lens frame and to a shaped over- ear metal piece. eyes, spectacles, eye glasses, optometry, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners, pioneers, early settlers, pince-nez

This pair of "adjustable" boots came from the 1950's era in which the majority of footwear was either locally manufactured or imported from England or Europe. Quality hard wearing leather was a rural necessity especially for the cattle mustering activity in the Kiewa Valley and the Bogong High Plains region. The late 1900's provided a cheaper made riding boot from Asia, however many rural based riders still prefer an Australian made boot. The better quality (stronger stitching) of Australian boots is the main considerations of "stock horse riders". In 1947 a scientific research project started to provide an impact analysis of any damage to alpine vegetation by cattle grazing in the Alpine regions incorporating the Bogong High Plains area. This monitoring is the longest running ecological study ever undertaken in Australia. From this study, compelling evidence was presented to the Victorian Government to cease cattle grazing in the Alpine regions including the Bogong High Plains. All grazing was banned by the Victorian Government in 2005. Recreational horse riding within the Bogong High Plains is still permitted.These pair of women's riding boots are very significant to the Kiewa Valley as the boots were worn by one of the descendants of a pioneer family living and operating a cattle station before the SEC Hydro Electricity Scheme opened up the semi remote rural location in the 1950's. These boots were worn during the annual six weeks (approx.) mustering of cattle in the Bogong High Plains location (Victorian Alps region). The owner of these boots was Clare Roper, part of the Roper Family who built a "lodging" hut on the "High Plains" for accommodating riders during the periods (up to six weeks) when controlling grazing cattle during the summer muster seasons. It was unusual for women in the early to mid 1900's to go up on the High Plains to join the muster, which Clare Roper often did. These boots have high historical significance and good interpretive capacity.These brown "knee high" lady riding boots, are fastened by long "boot" laces which go from the base of the "fastening" position to a boot height of 22 cm. At the top end of the boot is a leather flap which crosses the front section of the boot and is fastened to the outside leg region by two straps. These provide the wearer with an adjustable tie. The boot has a "tongue" of 22 mm long. The boot has six pairs of metal boot lace "hooks" and eight pairs of boot lace "eyelets".ladies riding boots. cattle mustering footwear. rural footwear. cattlemen. bogong high plains. roper family. horses.

This aircraft was designed by Edmund Schneider as a single seat medium performance sailplane. Originally designated as the Grunau 3b but later named the Grunau 4. However, it was a new design with fully enclosed cockpit. The main point of difference to earlier Schneider Grunau designs was the tapered wings with the Gottingen 549 aerofoil. This design feature gave the Grunau 4 a better speed range compared to the Grunau Baby 2b or the Grunau 3. The prototype flew on 6 December 1953 and it went to the Waikerie Gliding Club. A second was delivered to the Dubbo Gliding Club in October of the next year and a third (the Australian Gliding Museum’s exhibit) built for the Adelaide Soaring Club in 1959 (registered as VH-GLX on 21 October 1959). Another was built by Josef Brabec from a Schneider supplied kit from 1954 to 1956. The log book indicates that the glider recorded 2362 flying hours over approximately 40 years of active service. There are many long flights recorded. The registration was cancelled on 30 July 2014 as a result of a decision by the Museum to withdraw the glider from service. The exhibit represents the final development of the "Grunau" single seat type by Edmund Schneider Ltd in Australia. Viewed together with the Grunau Baby gliders in the ATO Collection (Two Grunau Baby 2, and a Grunau Baby 3A), the changes to this glider type over a 30 year period can be recognized. Single seat wooden sailplane with fabric covering. Fully enclosed cockpit. The aircraft is white with Linden Green on the wing tips, tailplane and underside of the fuselage and also on the central wing cover. Identification Plate in cockpit showing that glider is serial number 37 built by Edmund Schneider Ltd in 1959 australian gliding, glider, sailplane, grunau, grunau 3a, grunau 3b, grunau 4, schneider, waikerie gliding club, dubbo gliding club, adelaide soaring club, josef brabec

Lorraine Loader was a resident of Peterborough and a keen golfer who's home in Schomberg Road overlooked the fourth fairway and was a valued member of the club. Upon her death the 4 Ball Better Ball event was created and her family donated funds for prizes and this honour board. Names listed : 2007 Cath Bell, Jill Wilson 14 up. 2008 Melissa Hammond, Helen Meade 15 up. 2009 Marion Venn, Bett Atkins 7 up. 2010 Marion Venn, Bett Atkins 14 up. 2011 Kathryn Robertson, Lisa Gardner 13 up. 2012 Kathryn Robertson, Joanne Hammond 10 up. 2013 Erica Elliott, Karen Matheson 13 up. 2014 Faye Mead, Karen Matheson 17 up. 2015 Maureen Clements, Judy Walsh 12 up. 2016 Melissa Hammond, Joanne Hammond 13 up. 2017 Helen Keogh, Robyn McLeod (no score here). 2018 Kathryn Robertson, Katrina Hammond 16 up. 2019 Lynette Coxon Elaine Hrabar 12 upSignificant because the tournament continues in her memory today. Irregular shaped varnished milled piece of timber with individual nameplates engraved with the names of the winners each year.Main plaque: Women's Golf Peterborough Lorraine Loader Memorial 4BBBsporting honour boards, lorraine loader, 4bbb tournament

The pulley was used by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, which were established in 1897, and had the responsibility for providing Wodonga's drinking water and managing the wastewater. In 1923 a Wodonga Waterworks Trust referendum to provide funding for new infrastructure to supply more water of better quality to Wodonga was passed. This included building the Wodonga Water Tower and it was completed in 1924. It supplied water to Wodonga until 1959, when it was drained and decommissioned after the No 1 Basin on Huon Hill was completed in 1958. In 1983 the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and the Wodonga Sewerage Authority became part of the Wodonga Council. And by 1989 a filtration plant at Huon Hill was completed, which provided filtered water of improved quality to Wodonga, in accordance with the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. In 1994 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority took over the Wodonga Council’s water and wastewater operations, and then in 1999 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority combined with the Ovens Region Water Authority and became the North East Region Water Authority or NERWA. NERWA then became known as North East Water. The pulley has local significance due to its use by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, and donation from the North East Region Water Authority. It also has wider historical significance as an example of the equipment used in the early management of water in Victoria and Australia.Elongated ellipse-shaped iron pulley, painted black on the flat exterior surfaces. Considerable light brown dirt on the surface and traces of a silver coloured rectangular label on the central raised section on the front. The light brown surface dirt covers nearly the entire back surface. Piece of iron wire attached to the hook at the bottom of the pulley."Backwards R 6" on the central raised section on the back surface.wodonga waterworks trust, wodonga sewerage authority, wodonga water, pulleys, north east region water authority, north east water, n.e. water, nerwa

The large wrench was used by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, which were established in 1897, and had the responsibility for providing Wodonga's drinking water and managing the wastewater. In 1923 a Wodonga Waterworks Trust referendum to provide funding for new infrastructure to supply more water of better quality to Wodonga was passed. This included building the Wodonga Water Tower and it was completed in 1924. It supplied water to Wodonga until 1959, when it was drained and decommissioned after the No 1 Basin on Huon Hill was completed in 1958. In 1983 the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and the Wodonga Sewerage Authority became part of the Wodonga Council. And by 1989 a filtration plant at Huon Hill was completed, which provided filtered water of improved quality to Wodonga, in accordance with the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. In 1994 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority took over the Wodonga Council’s water and wastewater operations, and then in 1999 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority combined with the Ovens Region Water Authority and became the North East Region Water Authority or NERWA. NERWA then became known as North East Water. The large spanner has local significance due to its use by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, and donation from the North East Region Water Authority. It also has wider historical significance as an example of the equipment used in the management of water in Victoria and Australia.Large cast iron spanner with some red/brown rust corrosion and light brown ingrained surface dirt.north east region water authority, nerwa, wodonga sewerage authority, north east water, n.e. water, wodonga, large spanners, spanner, wodonga waterworks trust

The Shifter Wrench was used by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, which were established in 1897, and had the responsibility for providing Wodonga's drinking water and managing the wastewater. In 1923 a Wodonga Waterworks Trust referendum to provide funding for new infrastructure to supply more water of better quality to Wodonga was passed. This included building the Wodonga Water Tower and it was completed in 1924. It supplied water to Wodonga until 1959, when it was drained and decommissioned after the No 1 Basin on Huon Hill was completed in 1958. In 1983 the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and the Wodonga Sewerage Authority became part of the Wodonga Council. And by 1989 a filtration plant at Huon Hill was completed, which provided filtered water of improved quality to Wodonga, in accordance with the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. In 1994 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority took over the Wodonga Council’s water and wastewater operations, and then in 1999 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority combined with the Ovens Region Water Authority and became the North East Region Water Authority or NERWA. NERWA then became known as North East Water. The shifter wrench has local significance due to its use by the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and Sewerage Authority, and donation from the North East Region Water Authority. It also has wider historical significance as an example of the equipment used in the early management of water in Victoria and Australia.Large cast iron wrench with an adjustable grip and a circular turning mechanism at the top of a thin tapering handle. 2.6 cm thread on the end of the thin tapering handle. "GSP 23/15" on one side of the thin tapering handle.north east region water authority, nerwa, wodonga sewerage authority, north east water, n.e. water, wodonga, shifter wrench, wodonga waterworks trust

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Newspaper Cutting, Undated, Source Unknown- Photo of George Padgett George Padgett was born into a railway family in Numurkah, Victoria on 3 February 1890. He began working for the Victorian Railways as a junior clerk in Maryborough and gained his Driver’s ticket in 1914 at North Melbourne. He was based at Ararat for some time, then transferred to Dimboola in 1926. In November 1937 when the “Spirit of Progress” made its first run from Melbourne to Albury, he was moved to Wodonga. From the train's first return trip he took over the driving. During his career, he made an average of 92 round trips a year. George made his last trip on 4 February 1955 prior to his retirement. George died in Wodonga on 19 February 1967. Below the image "You see them reunited - while Spirit of Progress driver George Padgett looks on happily."railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, spirit of progress, george padgett

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Locomotive 752 Crew at Albury C. 1955 Left to right: Roy Wagner, Fitter Harry Alderson, Driver Bill Odgers, Fireman Lou Merjeric, Fireman H. Aitherson (Train Examiner?) On front of Locomotive "752"railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, s class locomotive

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Railway Commissioner Harold Clapp and Mrs. Clapp ready to leave Albury on the "Spirit of Progress" in 1938. The Driver is George Lynch Snr. and the Fireman is E. Finley. Sir Harold Winthrop Clapp (7 May 1875 – 21 October 1952) was a transport administrator with the Victorian Railways who over the course of 30 years revolutionised the railways in Victoria. Clapp introduced faster services and more powerful locomotives, supported the farming sector and presented a report on standardising rail gauges which then led to a uniform rail gauge across capital cities. His most well-known project was the upgrade of the Sydney Limited service into the all-steel, all-air-conditioned, non-stop, high-speed express streamliner, Spirit of Progress which was launched on 17 November 1937. Clapp became Chairman of Commissioners of Victorian Railways in 1920 and remained Chairman until his retirement in 1951. Harold W Clapp was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1941 in recognition of his contribution to public service.railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, s class locomotive

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Geoff Williams started his railway career as a clerk at Maryborough on 27 August 1947. He became a cleaner in June1952. He passed his Driver qualification in March 1956. Geoff achieved is Fireman's ticket in 1959. He was appointed as Engineman's Instructor in 1972. After a successful career with Victorian Railways, Geoff retired on 1 September 1986.railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, geoff williams

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport. Ray Murphy- First Driver on the "Spirit of Progress". "Spirit of Progress" Drivers were the only Drivers issued with wings to wear on their caps.railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, spirit of progress, ray murphy

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.George Lynch standing alongside a DD Locomotive. This locomotive is fitted with two C-Class compressors used for testing air brakes on the extended length of a train. The DD Class locomotives entered service in 1902 as a new express passenger and mixed traffic steam locomotive class. They were the most numerous locomotive class on the Victorian Railways, with a total of 261 DD locomotives built. Originally introduced on mainline express passenger services, they were quickly superseded by the much larger A class and were relegated to secondary and branch line passenger and goods service, where they gave excellent service for the next 50 years. With some modifications made to the original design, the DD class locomotives ran on railways throughout Victoria until 1974railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, george lynch, dd class locomotives

The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Left to right: Eddie Moss, Max Church, Bill Baldock, Claude Clancy, Norm Davey, Alex Reid, Jack O’Donnell, Vin Snow. Claude Clancy was born on 27 March 1895 and started cleaning with Victorian Railways on 16 January 1920. He passed his Driver qualification on 30 December 1936. Alex Reid was born on 4 August 1891. He joined the Victorian Railways at Port Melbourne on 10 December 1907. Alex started cleaning at North Melbourne on 4 October 1910. Alex gained his Driver qualification on 18 December 1919. Jack O’Donnell was born on 3 May 1889 and began working with Victorian Railways on 1 June 1911. He started cleaning on 13 January 1912. He gained his Driver qualification on 19 November 1920. Vin Snow started his Victorian Railways career at Wodonga in September 1939. He passed his Driver qualifications in 1949. Vin retired in 1978.railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, claude clancy, alex reid, vin snow, jack o’donnell