The Postmaster-General's Department (P.M.G.) of Australia was created in 1901 with Federation taking control over all six Colonies (States) Postal and Telegraphic services within Australia to form the national Postal and Telegraphic services within Australia. The Department was administered by the Postmaster-General. This manual was produced as a syllabus of training for Army Personnel units in P.M.G's Department schools.In war times the postal organisation was a vital link between the services, the community and overseas centres. The Postmaster-General's Department co-operated with service departments in the installation and operation of radio, telephone and telegraph systems. Its laboratories also designed, developed and manufactured vital defence equipment. This item reflects that contribution and history.A 31 pp buff colored book with orange cloth binding. Black print on the front cover - a oval shaped logo with Post Office Communication Australia around a small sketch depicting Mercury, the messenger of the gods below an Australian coat-of-arms. Below that is the title,"COURSE OF TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION TELEPHONY 1".manual-telephony postmaster-general's-training-department instruction-book communications

This is a useful reference tool.A soft covered 31 pp book covered with clear plastic. The cover is beige with black print In the centre is a b/w print of the Firman family of Scrubby Forest (Yinnar). It is an annotated list of books on Gippsland history and related areas, selected for use in schools.book-books-on-gippsland-history

This magazine promotes the protection of wildlife and the need for proper management of national parks. Its editor Crosbie Morrison lobbied for a National Parks Authority which was finally set up under Morrison's directorship in 1957. During the 1940's and 1950's Crosbie Morrison (1900 - 1958) became Australia's best known naturalist. As a journalist with commercial radio and the Australian Broadcasting Commission, he made regular national nature study broadcasts to schools and other radio listeners for 20 years. He was the editor of Wild Life, a magazine which fostered interest in Australia's natural history and conservation, from 1938-54. (ref. CHAH web-site)This magazine reflects the work and legacy of Crosbie Morrison who campaigned for Victoria's national park system.A 100 pp magazine, covers missing, with b/ w photographs and articles on wildlife. It was intended for campers and those interested in nature. This is Volume 14 No 1.stamp of High School Orbostmagazine-wildlife morrison-crosbie natural-science

This magazine promotes the protection of wildlife and the need for proper management of national parks. Its editor Crosbie Morrison lobbied for a National Parks Authority which was finally set up under Morrison's directorship in 1957. During the 1940's and 1950's Crosbie Morrison (1900 - 1958) became Australia's best known naturalist. As a journalist with commercial radio and the Australian Broadcasting Commission, he made regular national nature study broadcasts to schools and other radio listeners for 20 years. He was the editor of Wild Life, a magazine which fostered interest in Australia's natural history and conservation, from 1938-54. (ref. CHAH web-site) This magazine reflects the work and legacy of Crosbie Morrison who campaigned for Victoria's national park system.A 398 pp soft covered magazine with green covers. The title "WILD LIFE and OUTDOORS" is in black print.Below this is a coloured drawing of two women camping on the edge of a cliff. One is hanging on to the edge looking at a bird's nest. The magazine contains articles and photographs in black / white print.on front cover - "M. Gilbert' in red penmagazine-wild-life morrison-crosbie natural-history natural-science

Many of the poems contained in this book were written by Burns while at school and first appeared in "The Scotch Collegian" which he edited in 1913-1914. Four of his editorials are included. Prose and verse tributes by former schoolmates and fellow soldiers are included, as well as an essay on Burns by the headmaster of Scotch College, W.S. Littlejohn. James Drummond Burns was born in Geelong in 1895. James was the first of eight children born to Hugh and Mary and while he was born at Geelong the family had moved to Bairnsdale by 1905. As Methodist minister, Hugh had accepted the posting to Bairnsdale where the family stayed till about 1913. He died in Gallipoli on September 18 1915. James was a student when he enlisted on 2 February 1915 at Lilydale, Victoria. He served in the 21st Battalion with the rank of Corporal. His Regimental Number was 805. (ref. Scotch College World War I Commemorative Website) This book is a tribute to a WW1 soldier and contains contemporary writing which can be used in research. A thin 32 pp paper back book with a brown cover. On the cover is the title, "In the Dawning of the Day: in Memoriam, J. D. Burns", in black print inside a rectangular red/gold/black line frame.

This little book (quarto size) was handed out to school kids in 1970 in commemoration of the bicentenary of the 1770 voyages of Lieutenant James Cook.This is a useful reference book.A thin 47 pp paper back book. On the cover below the title, "Australia Discovered", is a coloured print of a painting by William Hodges - Captain Cook Lands in New Hebrides.

This notebook was owned by Penuel Richardson (nee Gilbert). Entries were made by the treasurer of the Orbost High School Sports Club, P. Gluth.This item is a contemporary record for a community organisation. The group no longer exists. Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College has played a significant part in the education of senior students in the Orbost district . It is the sole senior educational institution. The Gluth family was a prominent family of Marlo/Orbost in its early history.A small red covered stapled notebook used to record expenses of the Orbost High School Sports Club. Entries are hand-written. A small window has bee cut into the ront cover to reveal "P Gluth Tres."inside back cover hand-written in pen -"Pen Richardson".orbost-high-school-sports-club

This is a school text book for Grade 6. It is part of the Southern Cross series.This item is an example of a school text book used in the early 20th century. School textbooks reflect the development of education in Australia.From them we can understand what was taught and how children learned in Australian schools in earlier times.A small 192 pp book, red cloth covered, titled "Arithmetic". The cover is red with black text inside a black border.on front and on back - "?????? Richardson"book-education arithmetic-text-book

This is the third issue of the annual Orbost High School magazine. The name Croajingolong derives from the Australian Aboriginal Krauatungalung words galung, meaning "belonging to" and kraua, meaning "east". It belonged to Mary Gilbert, a former teacher at the school.This item is a useful reference tool.A 39 pp grey paper back magazine with the Orbost High School badge in black and gold on the front cover, a sheaf of corn inside a double oval. inside which is the school motto, " acti labores iundi".on front cover - "M. Gilbert 1950" in red peneducation magazine-croajingolong-1950 orbost-high-school

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. Both copies were used at Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College.This is a useful research tool on the history of Gippsland.Tw copies of a 64 pp magazine, (2322.1 is plastic covered), titled Gippsland Heritage Journal. The front cover is yellow with a b/w photograph of the Culhane house at Crooked River near Grant. The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland.

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. Both copies are from the library of Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College.This is a useful research tool on the history of Gipsland.Two copies of a 64 pp magazine, (2323.1 is plastic covered), titled Gippsland Heritage Journa Vol 2 No 1 1987l . The front cover is pale grey with a b/w photograph of a settler's hut near Nowa Nowa. It has the cost at $5.50. The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland,journal-gippsland-heritage-journal gippsland-history

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. Both copies were used in the library of Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College.This is a useful reference tool on the history of Gippsland.Two copies of a 64 pp magazine, (2324.1 is plastic covered), titled Gippsland Heritage Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 1987. The front cover is pale green with a b/w photograph of detail from Tyers Bottle Factory c 1900. It is priced at $5.50. The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland,book-gippsland-heritage-journal gippsland-history

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. Both copies were used in the library of Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College.This is a useful reference tool on the history of Gippsland.Two copies of a 64 pp magazine, (2325.1 is plastic covered), titled Gippsland Heritage Journal Vol 3 No 1 1988. The cost is $5.50. The front cover is orange with a b/w photograph of workers on Tabberabba Road. The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland,book-gippsland-heritage-journal gippsland-history

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. This item is from the library at Orbost high School.This item is a useful reference tool on the history of Gippsland.A 64 pp magazine, clear plastic covered, titled Gippsland Heritage Journal Vol 3 No 2 (issue ) 1988. The cost is $5.50.The front cover is maroon with a b/w photograph of Mitchell's coach at the Ensay stables. The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland,book-gippsland-heritage-journal gippsland-history

Gippsland Heritage Journal is a journal, produced about every nine - twelve months, for those interested in regional, local and family history in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. It is compiled by Meredith Fletcher, Debbie Squires and Linda Barraclough and includes a diverse range of articles, both academic and non-academic. Since No.24 it has been a partially refereed journal. All copies were used in the library of Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College.These journals are useful reference tools on the history of Gippsland.Three copies of a 64 pp magazine, (2327.2 is clear plastic covered), titled Gippsland Heritage Journal No 6 June 1989. The cost is $6.00. The front cover ispale blue with a b/w photograph of Jeetho School . The magazine contains photographs, articles on the history of Gippsland,book-gippsland-heritage-journal gippsland-history

An ink bottle was made of glass or ceramic and typically sat on a desk. The writer would dip the pen (or quill) into the bottle to put more ink on the pen. Because they sat on a desk, ink bottles were often decorative. We have mostly dispensed with ink bottles and quills. This item is an example of early stationery equipment commonly used in schools, households and commercial enterprises.A squat clear glass ink bottle which is square-shaped. It has threaded top and is seamed on both sides.on base - AGM F823 M P50container bottle ink-bottle

This refillable ink bottle would have been used extensively in the early 1900's before ballpoint pens were introduced.Ink bottles are rarely used today. This item is an example of early stationery equipment commonly used in schools, households and commercial enterprises.A clear glass ink bottle. It would have had a cork stopper. It is seamed on both sides and the shoulders are tiered.on front - 402 SWAN INK on base - indecipherable markingsink-bottle container glass-bottle

An ink bottle was made of glass or ceramic and typically sat on a desk. The writer would dip the pen (or quill) into the bottle to put more ink on the pen. Because they sat on a desk, ink bottles were often decorative.We have mostly dispensed with ink bottles and quills. This item is an example of early stationery equipment commonly used in schools, households and commercial enterprises.A small, round, clear glass ink bottle. It has a screw thread at the top.15543 5ink-bottle glass-container stationery

Many Australian children went to school with ETA Peanut Butter on their sandwiches. These bottles are distinctively patterned and embossed with the ETA BRAND.This container was a common food container found in Australian homes in the mid 20th century.A small, cylindrical moulded bottle with a screw thread top.ETA inside a peanut shape. on base - This jar always remains the property of NUT FOODS LIMITED 936bottle-glass food-container

The Lynn family is well-known in the Orbost area. Ethel Lynn is believed to have been working at Bairnsdale in 1924. Ethyl Lynn was the only child of Samuel James Lynn and Elizabeth Jane Lynn ( nee Warren). Samuel Lynn (1865-1949) was a farmer and grazier at Jarrahmond and bred ClydesdalesThis item is a part of the educational history of the Orbost district.A black / white certificate of merit from the Education Department, Victoria for Ethel Lynn. The certificate is 20969. It is dated at Jarrahmond State School No. 2745 on the 1st march 1907 and certifies that Ethel Lynn has passed in all subjects of instruction for the Sixth Class. It has been signed by E.R. Davey, Inspector of Schools.education jarrahmond lynn-ethel

These four certificates belonged to William Hunter. William Hunter (1893-1971) was a resident of Tatura and Mallacoota. He was a soldier, surveyor and amateur naturalist. The certificates include two first prizes for surveying, a technical scholarship for full day courses and a certificate for Applied Mechanics. William received his Surveying Certificate in April 1916. In June 1887, the Working Men's College opened after Francis Ormond, a noted Victorian philanthropist and member of parliament, suggested that a technical institute be built in Melbourne, offering further education for working men and women. He had offered to match the sum raised through public subscription if the government could provide a site for the College. William Hunter made valuable contributions to our knowledge of far East Gippsland plants. His records were meticulous. These certificates are part of his history.Four card certificates of merit for "Annual Examinations" from the Working Men's College, The Technical College and School of Mines for the Metropolitan District.All four certificates awarded to "William Hunter" and signed by Mordaunt Arundel Hall (accountant & chief clerk WMC) as the Acting Director.hunter-william-surveyor

This is an extract from the Victorian Parliamentary Debates on Tuesday 18th July, 1922. It is titled "Death of the Honorable James Cameron" and is a tribute from Mr Lawson, the Victorian premier. In 1882 James Cameron was the first Orbost councillor of the newly constituted Tambo Shire. In the next twenty years he served as justice of the peace, shire councillor, guardian of St James's Anglican Church, Sunday school superintendent and president of the local agricultural society. In 1902 he won a by-election for Gippsland East and took his seat in the Legislative assembly. He serve for eighteen years and his main achievements were securing one million pounds for East Gippsland development bringing the railway to Orbost and establishing the Country Roads Board.James Cameron was an early Orbost pioneer, a respected community member and a prominent politician.A memorial extract from the Victorian Parliamentary Debates. It is on white paper with black print, a black border and is tied with black ribbon.cameron-james-orbost

This is Certificate No. 5293 and certifies that Maurice Clifford has been educated up to the standard of education required by "The Education Act 1890." It is dated at Briagolong on 26th November, 1894. Briagolong Primary School was established in 1875 when the town of Briagolong came into being. Maurice William Clifford was a farmer in Briagolong. He was killed in action at Ypres, Belgium on 4 October, 1917. Having served in the 10th Australian Light Horse, Citizen Military Forces, he enlisted on 22 February 1916 as a private in 37th Battalion D Company.The 1890 Act called for all children in Victoria between the ages of 6 and 13 to attend school forty days in each quarter of a year. Section 13 of the Act states that “Two hours before noon on any two days or two hours after noon on any two days” is deemed to be equal to one day's attendance. One of the reasons for exemption from compulsory attendance was if the child lived more than two miles from a school (or two and a half miles if aged 9 or over). If a student had reached a sufficient level of education an exemption could be granted.A white paper certificate with black print. It is issued by the Victorian Education Department for the exemption from compulsory attendance for Maurice Clifford. The certificate is printed with hand-written details.education clifford-maurice-william

This ticket was for a grand ball to celebrate the second anniversary of the Loyal Orbost M.U.I.O.O.F. Lodge. It was held in the Mechanics Institute hall on Friday 20th July, 1888. The cost of a single ticket was 5/-. The secretary of the lodge was John Rowe, the first teacher of the state school in Orbost. From the estate of Elsie Cooke. Elsie Cooke lived all her life in Gippsland,. She was born at Brodribb in 1895 and died in 1970, Elsie Cooke lived at Bruthen for a short time and, in 1937, moved to live with her aunt, Miss Jean Munro. Miss Cooke was Librarian at the Mechanics Institute for many years. Kindness and consideration for other were Miss Cooke’s attributes and she endeared herself to all who knew her. She was a loyal member of the Presbyterian Church and a stalwart of the Ladies’ Guild, an energetic worker for the Municipal Auxiliary and a member of the Red Cross. (ref Mary Gilbert) Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows (MUIOOF) had its origins in Manchester, England. It was established in Melbourne on 7 December 1840 when Augustus Greeves, a member of the MUIOOF in England, migrated to Australia and formed the first friendly society. In 1840 Manchester Unity IOOF was founded in Victoria. Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This was a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A small white rectangular paper ticket with black print. It is for the Loyal Orbost Lodge M.U.I.O.O.F. Grand Ball.front - "Dancing to Commence at 8pm."public-event-orbost document-ticket m.u.i.o.o.f

A red covered book - the annual Young Australia for boys Throughout the English-speaking World comprising issues of Young England bound together. On the cover is St George on horseback and the St George's cross flag. Contents - adventure, school and historical stories; articles on many topics such as science, natural history, sports, hobbies and crafts; as well as verse, competitions and puzzles.On spine - Vol X1Vbook magazine young-australia

Jarrahmond State School, 2745, opened on March 19 1886 with Campbell Mackay as the head teacher and operated on apart-time basis with Orbost State School, 2744. The first building, erected on the bank of the Snowy River, was moved in approximately 1892 to McLeod's Lane. In 1914 a new building was erected by George Lurkins, and this catered for the local children until a school bus service took them to Orbost in 1949. The school building was transferred also and became an integral part of Orbost State School.This school record is of immediate interest and value to the pupils and staff who have learned and taught in theJarrahmond State School. The record also has a much wider significance, to the community in which the school is situated, as a record and research tool.A hand-written school register for Jarrahmond State School. It records the pupils enrolled 1888 until 1907. It has a brown cover with lined pagess which are ruled in tables to list pupils.jarrahmond education school-register mackay-campbell

The book was used in the Orbost High School library. A blue covered book covered in plastic, Inside the front cover is a library card with a stamped date - 27 February 61 - 2 March 1983. On the back cover is a bar code. written by Alec H. Chisholm. Published by J M Dent & Sons.Stamped throughout is High School Orbostnature-fantasy-in-australia chisholm-alec-h, birds

Nathan Frederick Spielvogel (1874-1956), teacher, writer and historian, was born on 10 May 1874 at Ballarat, Victoria. as well as his stories he published a number of Books about the history of Ballarat. Nathan Frederick Spielvogel (1874–1956) was a teacher, writer and historian. As a country schoolteacher, he traveled widely in the eastern Australian outback and also made a journey to London. Spielvogel gained distinction as one of the only Australian Jewish writers of his time. Many of his early books were best-sellers. A paper back book with 146 pp.written by Nathan Spielvogel. On the front cover is a drawing of a farm-house in a green paddock. The book is about school life and farming at Sale, Stawell, and the Wimmera district. the-cocky-farmer spielvogel-nathan literature

The school badge was hand-painted on a wooden Art drawing board by an unknown student after the Higher Elementary School had been upgraded to a High School in 1948. The latin inscription, "Acti labores lucundi", can be freely translated as "Finished work is pleasant." The school badge, with its stalk of maize was designed by Clarke Cowell who was in the first Senior Class at Orbost Higher Elementary School in 1912. Clarke Cowell followed teaching as a career and was the first head teacher of the Corringle School, No. 4909, which opened on Feb 7 1921 and operated as a half-time school with the Marlo School No. 3433.Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College has played a significant part in the education of senior students in the Orbost district . It is the sole senior educational institution. This uniform is representative of its history.A wooden rectangular plaque with a hanging wire attached to the back. It has an oval-shaped painted school emblem on a stained wood background. Around the circumference are the words ORBOST HIGH SCHOOL painted in yellow with the motto ACTI LABORES LUCUNDI. In the middle on a pale blue background is a painted gold stalk of maize. orbost-high-school education

These books are part of the Lawless Collection. The Lawless family lived in Orbost from 1907 - c 1920. John Francis Lawless had a saddlery shop. He died at an early age - 47 years - June 7 1912, leaving his wife, Elizabeth and seven children. The eldest son, Victor Rowland lawless volunteered for serv ice in WW1 but did not leave Australia because of illness. The second son, Edward Vincent Lawless (b 1895 d 1917) worked for McCoy & Co. in Orbost, coachbuilding, undertakers, general blacksmiths and farriers, prior to enlisting in WW!. He was trained as a signaller and was sent to France where he was killed in action on 9.10.1917. Elizabeth Lawless worked as a ladies' nurse (midwife) in Orbost prior to leaving the district in 1920. She lived to 6.6.1975 aged 104 years.These personal documents, photographs, medals and books give an insight into the human element of World War 1 ensuring that those who were part of the Orbost community and died while playing a vital role during this time are remembered.Three books used by Edward Vincent Lawless during his service in WW1. 1846.5 has a black cover and contains hand-written notes and diagrams in an exercise book. 1846.6 has a purple cover and contains hand-written notes on bombing. 1846.7 is a small book with a black cover and a ribbon for tying closed. It contains signalling notes1846.5 Edward Lawless 1846.6 E.V. Lawless 1846.7 Ted Lawless A Group Signalling 6th Battalion 22/6 Lark Hill School No 5 Camp No 5 Camp B Coylawless-family ww1 books signalling