Riffle Boards on Barge, c1934. In sluicing, riffles are used to trap heavier gold particles as water washes over them. Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2 500 000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17 284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1 935 900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64 397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mines, mining, gold, gold mining, barge, riffles, sluicing, men, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

C Rankins Almond Orchard & Cocks Pioneer Pond, 1930s. Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2 500 000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17 284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1 935 900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64 397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mines, mining, farms, farming, almonds, sluicing, rankins, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer, East El Dorado, early 1920s. Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2 500 000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17 284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1 935 900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64 397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mines, mining, gold, gold mining, cocks pioneer, sluicing, el dorado, eldorado

Moving Cocks Pioneer Barge, c1930s. Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25,000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mines, mining, gold, tin, gold mining, tin mining, men, miners, barge, sluicing, hydraulic, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer old mine timbers. Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mining, gold, tin, open cut, gold mining, tin mining, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

A play about front-line warfare on the Western Front written by a soldier who served in the front line in France for over a year. Sherriff became an insurance agent who wrote plays to raise money for his rowing club. He wrote a novel and the he turned to the new art form, the talking film, becoming Hollywood's highest-paid script-writer. His credits include screenplays for: The Invisible Man; Lady Hamilton; Goodbye Mr Chips; The Dam Busters; Odd Man Out; Quartet and Mrs Miniver. The play was directed by Mick Rodger; The Director of the MTC was John Sumner with Assistant Director Ray Lawler.Paper program; coloured cover; 16 p. includes articles about the play and the actors.the university of melbourne, melbourne theatre company, journey's end, r c sherriff, athenaeum theatre, john stanton, mick rodger, ray lawler

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The series of 60 photographs that comprise the series was issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘View on the upper Buckland River’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.46 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘The Buckland River is situated near the western extremity of the Australian Alps, and forms one of the sources of the Ovens River. Its watercourse is very shallow, except in flood time. Our illustration is taken on the upper portion of the River, near Reeve’s dam.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), buckland river (vic), landscape photography - victoria

On very left behind the winding engine shed in the foreground is the South Cross Mines No8 & No9. The next mine to the right not counting the Whims is the Crown Cross United Mine with curved tramway. Tyne Reefing Company is barely visible at centre of image in front of left end of settling dam. The Great Northern is centre right of image, Extended Cross Reef Mine, then Oriental Mine, the Grant Lamont Battery and two Pleasant Creek Cross Reef Poppet Heads.Scotchmans United Quarts Mining Company 1878Victorian Views. C. Herbert, Photo. Stawell 1878stawell mining

Jubilee Dam in foreground that supplied water used in the Cyanide process.B/W photo looking at plant across damstawell mining

Grant and Lamont Crushing Plant located in area of present swimming Pool.Settling dam in front of shed. Chimney on right. Three men just visible in front of shed. Houses to right. Big hill on left.stawell mining

This article acknowledged the naming of Ory's Trail at Falls Creek in 1986. Orest “Ory” Frueauf was born in Kharkov, Russia in 1925 and moved to Germany with his family to escape persecution. He was conscripted to the German Army during the Second World War. He was a POW until 1948. He was recruited by a French construction company to work as and interpreter on a hydroelectricity project in Tasmania. Ory then moved to work on the Snowy Mountain Scheme including driving a truck to fill the wall of the Rocky Valley dam. In 1952 Ory was recruited by the Albury Ski Club as its lodge supervisor. That year he also entered into a business partnership with Cecil Dobson, running the general store “Whitehaven” and Post Office at Falls Creek. They extended their business by adding accommodation turning Whitehaven into one of the best commercial lodges at Falls Creek. Ory and Cecil dissolved their business partnership in 1963 and Ory went on to build a new lodge called “Snowhaven” at the site of the present day Frueauf Village, Falls Creek. Ory retired to Tawonga, Victoria in 1992 and passed away in 1999.This article is significant because it documents the naming of Ory's Trail to recognise a pioneer of Falls Creek.A newspaper item about Ory Freauf on the occasion of the naming of Ory's Trail at Falls Creek.falls creek pioneers, frueauf, ory frueauf

This photograph was taken circa 1981 - 1982 by Tourism Victoria. Orest “Ory” Frueauf was born in Kharkov, Russia in 1925 and moved to Germany with his family to escape persecution. He was conscripted to the German Army during the Second World War. He was a POW until 1948. He was recruited by a French construction company to work as and interpreter on a hydroelectricity project in Tasmania. Ory then moved to work on the Snowy Mountain Scheme including driving a truck to fill the wall of the Rocky Valley dam. In 1952 Ory was recruited by the Albury Ski Club as its lodge supervisor. That year he also entered into a business partnership with Cecil Dobson, running the general store “Whitehaven” and Post Office at Falls Creek. They extended their business by adding accommodation turning Whitehaven into one of the best commercial lodges at Falls Creek. Ory and Cecil dissolved their business partnership in 1963 and Ory went on to build a new lodge called “Snowhaven” at the site of the present day Frueauf Village, Falls Creek. The trail known as Ory's Trail is also named in his honour. Ory retired to Tawonga, Victoria in 1992 and passed away in 1999.This image is significant because it portrays a pioneer of Falls Creek.A4 size black and white photograph of Ory Frueauf standing at the bar at Snowhaven Lodge with Vovka-Finlandia VodkaOn back of photograph: Orest Freauf 1925-1997. 1925 - Born in Kharkov, Russia, 1951 Tasmania Hydro Electric Co; 1954 Howman's Gap, Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme; 1955 Falls Creek Trading and Transport Co; 1957 Winterhaven Ski Lodge; 1963 Snowhaven Ski Lodge; 1992 Tawonga Southory freauf, hydro electric, tourism victoria, winterhaven ski lodge, snowhaven ski lodge, snow, orest frueauf

This map shows geological features, suggests the last basalt flow, and includes alotments and names of Mining Companies. Although this map has no date on it the Ballarat Industrial School is used for dating purposed. The Ballarat Industrial School ran from 1869-1879, but the term Ballarat Industrial School Reserve was still in use in 1898 and possibly beyond.Geological Map of Ballarat with 3 holes in the left hand side. The map indicates the position of Lake Wendouree, Township of Warrenheip, Ballarat East, Industrial School Reserve, Winters Swamp, Police Paddock, Wyndholm Premptive Right (Salton and Waldie), Black Hill, Vale Park Reserve, Pennyweight Hill, Little Bendigo, Black Swamp Lead, monte Christo Reef, Chinaman's Gully, Miners Rest, Pincotts Dam, Northumberland Gully. It also show the following goldmining companies: City of Ballarat, Kohinor, Hand and Band, Great North West, Northern Junction, Kneeshaw, Rossers Freehold, Silurial.ballarat, warrenheip, lake wendouree, ballarat east, winters swamp, winter swamp, wyndholm premptive right, cemetery, vale park reserve, little bendigo, kneeshaw co., industrial school reserve, kirks dam, pincotts dam, black hill, wombat hill, dead horse gully, miners rest, mt rowan, salton and waldie, rose hill co, great north west no 1, rose's freehold co, hand and band co, police reserve, police paddock, mount rowan, ballarat industrial school reserve, market reserve, winter's swamp, kneeshar co, monte cristo line of reef, chinaman's gully or black snake, milkmaid's gully, ballarat gold field, bakery hil lead, old gravel pits lead, golden point lead, eureka lead, miner's rest, yarrowee creek, leigh creek, black swamp lead, yorkshire reef, nil desperandum reef, cockatoo lead, hit or miss gully, herbert werner frederick de nully, pennyweight hill, esmond's lead, ash's lead, nightingale lead, john bull gully, gladstone reef, whitehorse reef, petticoat creek, pincott's dam, frenchman's gully, tim's crushing plant, jenkin's gully, california gully, drake's creek, sulton and waldie, ballarat undustrial school, ballarat & mariborough railway

The Bethanga Bridge was built between 1927 and 1930 as a joint venture between Victoria and New South Wales and was a key element of the River Murray Waters Agreement. It consists of nine spans of 82 metres long. Each span is supported between double reinforced concrete pylons and a riveted steel camel back Pratt truss. The overall span of the bridge is a length of 752 metres. It was completed in 1929 at a cost of £194,000. The road deck was initially constructed from timber but was replaced in 1961 with a concrete waffle slab deck 7.7metres wide. In 1961 the bridge deck and truss structure were raised 300 millimetres to allow for the enlargement of the lake. The bridge was designed in NSW by road engineer Percy Alan and the trusses were built by the Charles Ruwolt Pty. Ltd. Charles Ruwolt Pty. Ltd. was originally established by Charles Ruwolt as a foundry at Wangaratta in 1902 and transferred its operations to Richmond, Melbourne in 1914. By 1938 it had become one of the biggest engineering companies in Australia. After Charles Ruwolt’s death in 1946, Vickers Ltd. acquired the company and in 1948 the firm became known as Vickers Ruwolt Pty. Ltd. Because of the Bethanga Bridge’s unique location, over the waters of a dam with the border running down the centre of the body of water, the Bethanga Bridge is the only built structure shared by both Victoria and New South Wales. As the border of New South Wales aligns with the southern bank of the Murray River all of the other bridges along its length are deemed to be in New South Wales. The Bethanga Bridge is listed on both the New South Wales State Heritage Register and the Victorian Heritage Database. In 2015 the Bethanga Bridge was nominated for a heritage award by the Institution of Engineering Australia.These images are significant because they document the construction of a bridge which links Victoria and New South Wales and has been recognised for its historical, technical and engineering significance.A collection of photos documenting the construction of the Bethanga Bridge which links the States of Victoria and New South Wales as part of the construction of the Hume Dam .bethanga bridge, hume dam constuction, charles ruwolt, percy allan engineer

The largest gold mine in the area originated from a find in 1862. The mine was closed January 20, 1915 when a fire destroyed nearly all the above ground plant. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p75 Beneath Mine Hill, as locals call it, runs a network of tunnels once of central importance to the fledgling township of Diamond Creek. These are relics of gold mines, which transformed early Diamond Creek.1 The tiny settlement of about 20 families soared to more than 200 because of gold. For around 50 years, from 1862, gold mining was Diamond Creek’s major source of employment. On September 7, 1854 The Argus newspaper reported a find of a four pound (1.8kg) gold nugget in Nillumbik (an early name for Diamond Creek). Exactly where, is not known.2 The largest mine in the district, the Diamond Creek Gold Mine, apparently originated from a find in 1862. It is said Joe and Dave Wilson were visiting former tailor then cook, Charles Orme, at the southern end of Fraser Street. Sitting on a stump outside the front gate on land belonging to Dr A. E. Phipps the Wilsons found a vein of gold-bearing quartz, which led to the discovery of four quartz reefs varying in width to eight inches (20cm), running north and south. A reef found at the foot of the hill opposite Challenger Street became the Union Mine. This reef was traced south to Allendale Road where a small mine began operations.3 Other smaller mines later operated as well. Dr Phipps immediately began to mine and also built the Diamond Reef Hotel as a boarding house for miners. But Charles Orme, who owned the land alongside, leased his mine to Dr Phipps probably because of insufficient funds and business skills. By mid 1865 the mine had produced 2530 ounces of gold – a 100% profit on the original outlay. Of course there were problems. When the local dam dried up a Blake pump was installed to draw water from the creek. The Union Mine operated under the Diamond Creek Gold Mine management except when disputes sometimes resulted in separate management. However disagreements had to be resolved as the Union Mine depended on Diamond Creek Gold Mine pumps to remove underground water from common reefs. In 1912 the main shaft of about 380 yards (350m) employed 200 men recovering an average of 5000 ounces (141.7kg) of gold a year. But not everyone did well out of gold. Records of failed mining companies in the Victorian Public Record Office, reveal that owner Dr Phipps leased his Right to others. Companies came and went over the next 40 years, most sponsored by Melbourne businessmen who sold shares to gullible locals and then became insolvent. Although there were some good profits, financial returns were haphazard until 1905. Some local residents, who were share holders in short- term companies, became well-known names in modern Diamond Creek such as Scott, Haley, Butler, Alder, Ryan, Wadeson, Reeves, Alston, Paul and Edwards. Gold mining was brought to a disastrous end on January 20, 1915 at 3 pm, when fire destroyed nearly all the above-ground plant. Fortunately no lives were lost. But reopening the mine was almost impossible because of the increasing depth of water in the main shaft. The closed mine destroyed the livelihood of 200 families and the debris took many years to clear.4 In 1946 the Diamond Creek Gold Mine was reopened by the Golden Hind Mining Company, but money ran out before the 600 feet (182.8m) or so of water could be removed. Gold remains in the mine but enormous capital would be needed to buy the land, equipment and to remove the water. Today 12 known sealed shafts along the ridge of the hills on private property extend west for around one kilometre from the corner of Fraser and Haley Streets, crossing Norma and Fyffe to Dering Streets. As recently as 1987, heavy rains revealed a former Union Mine shaft in the Georgiadis family Fyffe Street back yard.5 Allendale Mine, south of Allendale Road, is still open and one of the Union Mine’s main drives (horizontal excavation) remains unsealed, on the Creek Reserve.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, diamond creek, diamond creek mine, fraser street, gold mining, james cook drive, mine hill

Electro hydraulic dredge Snake Valley 1909. J Mc Bennett, was an engineer back at the main base, at Dawson's dam on the Carngham Road, Between Linton and Snake Valley. These dredges were used for getting gold. The streams of water under high pressure just washed the hills and ground away. This dredge closed down early 1910. 200 H.P. motors were used and 10 in. pumps.Black and white image of three workmen, one beside mining building the other two at dredge pump outlet. Image mounted on dark brown card. Between 1904 and 1911 the Electro Hydraulic Company sought to extract gold in an area north of Linton known as the Hard Hills. By blasting water from high-pressure hoses into the hillsides, soil containing gold was washed out for sluicing. Two gravel pumps in Dawson's Dam pumped the wash through the sluices. Despite considerable investment in expensive equipment, the Company did not have a great deal of success, and the mining operation ceased in 1911.mining, gold, mining equipment, electro hydraulic dredge, dredging, sluicing, dawson's dam, snake valley, miners

George Pethard Collection including references to Taraxale Brewing Company Pty brown covered 29x19mm photographic album bound with gold string / 52 black and white Photographs of Reso tour to central Australia and Northern Territory / includes Aboriginal camps , camel trains / landscapes , war cemetery at Adelaide River / May 13- June 13 1947 / the 40 members of the party are also named includes: George Pethard / Aboriginal camp , Jay Creek consisting of makeshift tents / crowd playing 'Two Up ' Photo of the ship 'Meggs' at Darwin / Manton Dam - Darwin's water supply photo. Reso Tour to Central Australia and Northern Territory.Roy Dunstan Publicity and Tourist services Victoria Railwaysphotograph, person, male, george pethard / taraxale brewing company pty ltd / aboriginal camps / camel trains / war cemetary at adelaide river photo of the ship 'meggs' at darwin / manton dam - darwin's water supply photo

An aerial view of Australian Tessellated Tile Works. |In the background M & MBW reservoir. In the foreground is the Builders Trading and Roofing Company Tile works (formerly the Monarch Pottery - note the M on the chimney)australian tesselated tile co.pty ltd, aerial photographs, dams and reservoirs, mitcham reservoir, builders trading and roofing co. ltd, monarch pottery

Handwritten copy of a report in the Bendigo Advertiser 12/7/1910 Page 2. New Chum Mines. Progress of Bailing Operations. The bailing operations at the New Chum mines have not yet had the desired effect of lowering the water. On the contrary the water continues to rise in the Victoria Quartz which is the mine most directly affected. It is expected that the necessary preparations at the Lazarus will be completed today when it is hoped that bailing will be commenced at that mine. The success of the bailing scheme will largely depend on the efforts of the Lazarus to cope with the water and the progress made during the next few days will be awaited with interest. It is generally believed that the great volume of water is coming north from the southern group of mines. The companies south of the New Chum Consolidated are not bailing, and the pumping service at the New Chum Railway which is installed down to the 550 ft. level has not been operated since that company abandoned work a few months ago. A perusal of the statistics of the New Chum Drainage Association shows that the pumps at the New Chum Railway were lifting on anaverage close on 1,000,000 galls of water per month in the winter. That great volume of water is now pouring from storage dams at 550 feet to the deep levels, and in the natural order of things will have to be lifted by the tanking system in vogue at the mines N.' Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, victoria quartz influx of water, bendigo advertiser 12/7/1910 page 2, victoria quartz, lazarus, new chum consolidated, new chum railway, new chum drainage association

Two copies of document : nineteen handwritten pages of notes on 'The Rich Victoria Hill and Its Historical Association' Signed by A Richardson and dated 30 - 8 - 1971. and a typed copy of same. Notes include: Introduction, Hotels, Mines, Mining History and descriptions of features where the signposts are. Mines mentioned in the text are: North Old Chum. Ballerstedt's first open cut, Lansell's Big 180. 20 head stamper, Lansell's Cleopatra Needle, Victoria Quartz Mine. Cleopatra's Needle was a square sectioned brick chimney with this four sided pyramidal chimney top with four vents to allow the smoke to escape whatever the direction of the wind. It was demolished in the 1950's as it had a bend in it and it was considered unsafe. Lansell had two other mines with similar chimneys, the '222' in Chum Street and his 'Sandhurst' or 'Needle' mine near the Bendigo, Eaglehawk boundary. Notes prepared by Albert Richardson.mine, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and it's historical association, j. n. macartney, quartz miner's arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, greek orthodox church, john brown knitwear factory, little 180 mine, geo lansell, conrad heinz, british & american hotel, victoria reef gold mining coy, manchester arms hotel, housing commission homes, ironbark (victoria reef gold mines, hercules and energetic, midway, wittscheibe, gt central victoria, wm rae, mr & mrs conroy, wm rae jr, central nell gwynne, moorhead's shop, gill family, gold mines hotel, david chaplin sterry, pioneer, new chum and victoria, burrowes and sterry, new chum and victoria tribute, rotary club of bendigo south, big 180, victoria quartz mines, jeweller's shop, bendigo and district tourist association, north old chum mine, john wybrandt, ballerstedt's first open-cut, j c t christopher ballerstedt, ballerstedt's mine, bendigo cemetry, lansell's 'cleopatra nedle' type chimney, 222 mine, sandhurst or 'needle' mine, victoria quartz mine, victoria reef quartz company, mr e j dunn, eureka ext'd, new chum railway, pearl, bendigo advertiser 16 june 1910, victoria consols, shamrock, shenandoah, victoria quartz dams, rae's open cut, prospecting tunnels, floyd's small 5 head crushing battery, gt central victoria (midway) shaft, midway no 2, midway north, ballerstedt's small 24 yard claim, the humboldt, the tribute coy, advance, luffsman and sterry's claim, a round shaft, chinese joss house, lansell's fortuna, p m g repeater station, a richardson

Letter (handwritten in black pen) sent by Monument Hill Consolidated (Bendigo ) Old Violet Street, Bendigo, dated 16th January 1935, to the Chairman and Directors. Letter deals with transfer of an area north of Rowan St., on 'your' battery lease to Nell Gwynne (BML) Mines. Recommends the right to lay a pipeline across the area from the dam to the proposed battery site, and also the transfer to your company of an area on the eastern side, as near as possible to the area granted on the north. Signed F. Chenhall, Mine Manager.bendigo, business, monument hill consolidated bendigo

6 page document plus map : Gold mining lease No. 11145 between Crown ( King George VI) and North Deborah Mining Company, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 14th February, 1941. Map: Lease No. 11145 'Mining District of Bendigo, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. Total area 48 acres, 3 roods, 22 perches. Map has extensive colour key indicating depths below surface that will be mined. Crown land and surface excised shown in orange cross-hatching. Lease holdings on map: 10753, 11020, 1363 T.L., 1115 T.L., 11013, 11062, 11033, 9988. Dam shown on 11013. Railway line marked through centre of map. Map refers to central area of Bendigo and includes reference to Hargreaves Street, Violet Street, Lily Street, Breen Street and Sullivan Street.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company, breen street, lilly street, hargreaves street, voilet street, sullivan street.

6 page document, Gold Mining Lease 11166, plus map. Indenture between Crown (King George VI) and Ronald Alexander Rankin of Bendigo, dated 24th June, 1941. Map No. 11166 Bendigo, Mining District of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, County of Bendigo. Map shows lease 11166 marked in yellow with shaft, ore bins and tramway marked. Belle Vue Road , Adam Street and Griston Street shown on map. ( Golden Gully area) Dams indicated on lease holdings. Other lease holdings: 1675 T.L.9858, 10990, 11013, 11062, 11165, 11063 (void) 1172 W.R. (dam thereon) 9882 (void). Some residential lots marked along Belle Vue Road, and Adam Street. On bottom of map 21.8.41 in pencil. On last page of document : North Deborah Mining Company now the proprietor of the within described estate by transfer registered on 11th November 1914.bendigo, mining, north deborah lease, belle vue road, adams street, griston street, golden gully, ronald alexander rankin, north deborah mine.

6 page document ' Gold Mining Lease Crown land Number 11307 Bendigo' plus map. Indenture document between Queen Elizabeth 11 and North Deborah Mining Company No Liability, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 20th November, 1952 re Vol 333, Folio 053. Land indicated by yellow on map and below ' a depth of one hundred and fifty feet from the surface of the land indicated by purple colour and delineated on the plan' Document signed by J. Stanistreet, Manager, North Deborah Mining Company No Liability. Map, fixed to document, heading ' Mining District of Bendigo, No. 11307, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, Total area 13 acres 2 roods, 11 perches. Map shows large dam on Crown land, transmission line excised 150 ft., written on purple area. Underneath map ' provided that the dam indicated on the said plan is hereby reserved'.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company

4 page document plus map, Water Right Licence No. 1172, between King George VI ( the Crown ) and North Deborah Mining Company No Liability, Parish of Sandhurst., dated 19th August 1941. "to take and divert water at the points marked 'source of supply' on the said plan the quantity thereof not to exceed in the aggregate one hundred thousand gallons per diem' Plan: 'Mining District of Bendigo No. 1172 W.R., County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. Plan has dam area coloured in red, with pipe line drawn in red, leading from Battery marked on lease 11145 across lease 9988 to dam. Streets marked: Adams Road, Honeybone Street, Griston Street. (Golden Square area)bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company, north deborah mining company, adams, honeybone, and griston streets. (golden square)

6 page indenture, plus plan, between King George V and North Deborah Mining Company in the Parish of Sandhurst, dated 29th August, 1950 to operate a gold mine. Indenture numbered 11231 Bendigo, Vol 331 and Folio 36457. Plan shows Hargreaves Street, Violet Street, Lily Street, Sullivan Street railway line, and leases numbered, 11230; 2107; 11062, 11033, 11013, 11219, 11175. Shafts and tracks indicated. Dam shown on lease 11013. Scale 8 CHAINS TO A INCH. Coloured key to plan shows depths, Crown Land, and surface excised. Total area of lease 48 acres, 3 roods, 22 perches.bendigo, mining, north deborag mining company, north deborah mining company, hargreaves, violet, lilly, sullivan streets.

Black and white photograph. Poppet legs. Corrugated iron buildings and associated mine equipment. Dam in foreground. Three houses at R. Inscriptions: on back - rubber stamp 'Central Nell Gwynne Gold Mining Company. No liability:mine, gold, central nell gwynne mine, bendigo, mines and mining, mines, mining, poppet head, landscape

Typed notes on The Western Mining Group. Includes introduction, the History of W. M. C., WMC Today, WMC and Gold and a list of shareholders with a direct interest in Western Mining Corporation Holdings Limited. It includes a paragraph on the possibility of mining Bendigo again.document, gold, mining reports, the western minng group, anz nominees limited, national nominees limited, australian mutual provident society, bank of new south wales nominees p l, ctb nominees limited, w s robinson, gold mines of australia limited, western mining corporation limited, gold exploration and finance company of australia limited, gold mines of kalgoorlie limited, phoenix mine (norseman), mararoa mine (norseman), dr hugh mckinstry, central norseman gold corporation n l, g lindesay clark, alcoa of australia limited, three springs talc pty ltd, geraldton operations joint venture, kambalda nickel operations, kwinana nickel refinery, kalgorlie nickel smelter, windarra nickel project, great boulder mines limited, hill 50 gold mine n l, b h south limited, queensland phosphate limited, vatakoula joint venture, emperor gold mines limited (fiji), westminer investments pty ltd, western mining corporation holdings limited, australian stock exchanges, london stock exchange, great boulder holdings, mt magnet, olympic dam project, kingston lignite project, yeelirrie uranium joint venture, fimiston mines, lancefield mine, kambalda (old red hill gold mine), emu goldfield, stawell mines, underground exploration of bendigo, hi-fert pty ltd, homestake god ltd, urangesellschaft australia pty lrd, bp australia limited