This glass milk bottle was manufactured and used mid to late 1900's (1834 Victorian dairy industry was founded) up to the time that a cheaper container was invented(plastic bottles and polyethylene plastic lined cardboard cartons). In 1909 the supply of pure bottled milk was required for babies to overcome infant mortality due to unhygienic milk sources (unclean containers and unpasteurized milk). Due to the volume of milk being processed and hand milking could not keep up with demand, dairy farms introduced milking machines in the late 1930's. The great increases in dairy herds from the average of 18 cows per heard in 1950's to 142 cows per herd in 1996 required milk tankers to pick up the regions milk supply. This bottle was so constructed to be easily moved within the milk processing plants from the delivery vats/holding tanks to the final corking/sealing of the bottles for eventual distribution. From 1958 the milk bottle slowly became phased out of production. At this point in time Melbourne was drawing 160,000 bottles per week from the two major glass bottle works companies, e.g. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co.Victoria was the major state supplier of cows milk in the history of Australian milk production from the early 1800's. The Kiewa Valley and its region was a major contributor to meet that demand. Each bottle was "branded" during manufacturing to show the contents (pasteurized milk) and where it originated from (region and supplier). This method of recycling the bottles back to specific dairy farms was a good control method but an uneconomical "on cost" which was replaced by the "throw away" less costly plastic and cardboard containers. Kiewa Valley dairy herds had marked bottles bearing "90/9", "6/18", "6/33", "6/35" and "6/36" Found under house at 1 Beauty Ave., Mt Beauty.This heavy gauged glass milk bottle has a rim and a distinctive head at the top. This head was manufactured to facilitate the movement of the bottled along the milk production line. The method of pouring milk into the bottle has been part of the "production line". This bottle has a one pint capacity and is made from "light green" coloured glass(a protection against light penetration). There are other milk bottles that do not have a "green" tint in them. This thick glass bottle which contained milk required its thickness because of the extensive handling before final consumption. Milk was delivered by the "milk man" direct to the homes of consumers. During this period delivery to homes in cities and towns was made initially by horse and cart and later by truck.On the bottom end of this bottle a circle within it "6/18" and next to this "MILK" and opposite "ONE PINT". Below this "THIS BOTTLE BELONGS TO MILK BOTTLE RECOVERY LTD" and below this "AND CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION" on the base "M" underneath this "3"glass bottles, commercial milk containers, domestic milk bottles, pasteurized milk bottles

This glass milk bottle was manufactured and used mid to late 1900's (1834 Victorian dairy industry was founded) until the time that a cheaper container was invented(plastic bottles and polyethylene plastic lined cardboard cartons). In 1909 the supply of pure bottled milk was required for babies to overcome infant mortality due to unhygienic milk sources (unclean containers and unpasteurized milk). Due to the volume of milk being processed and hand milking could not keep up with demand, dairy farms introduced milking machines in the late 1930's. The great increases in dairy herds from the average of 18 cows per heard in 1950's to 142 cows per herd in 1996 required milk tankers to pick up the regions milk supply. This bottle was so constructed to be easily moved within the milk processing plants from the delivery vats/holding tanks to the final corking/sealing of the bottles for eventual distribution. From 1958 the milk bottle slowly became phased out of production. At this point in time Melbourne was drawing 160,000 bottles per week from the two major glass bottle works companies, e.g. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co.Victoria was the major state supplier of cows milk in the history of Australian milk production from the early 1800's. The Kiewa Valley and its region was a major contributor to meet that demand. Each bottle was "branded" during manufacturing to show the contents (pasteurized milk) and where it originated from (region and supplier). This method of recycling the bottles back to specific dairy farms was a good control method but an uneconomical "on cost" which was replaced by the "throw away" less costly plastic and cardboard containers. Kiewa Valley dairy herds had marked bottles bearing "90/9", "6/18", "6/33", "6/35" and "6/36" Found under house at 1 Beauty Ave., Mt Beauty.This heavy gauged glass milk bottle has a rim and a distinctive head at the top. This head has been manufactured to facilitate the movement of the bottle along the milk production line. The method of pouring milk into the bottle has been part of the "production line". This bottle has a one pint capacity and is made from "light green" coloured glass(a protection against light penetration). There are other milk bottles that do not have a "green" tint in them. This thick glass bottle to contain milk required its thickness because of the extensive handling before final consumption. Milk was delivered by the "milk man" direct to the homes of consumers. During this period delivery to homes in cities and towns was made initially by horse and cart and later by truck.On the bottom end of this bottle a circle within it "6/36" and next to this "MILK" and opposite "ONE PINT". Below this "THIS BOTTLE BELONGS TO MILK BOTTLE RECOVERY LTD" and below this "AND CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION" on the base "M" underneath this "15" glass bottles, commercial milk containers, domestic milk bottles, pasteurized milk bottles

This glass milk bottle was manufactured and used mid to late1900's (1834 Victorian dairy industry was founded) up until the time that a cheaper container was invented(plastic bottles and polyethylene plastic lined cardboard cartons). In 1909 the supply of pure bottled milk was required for babies to overcome infant mortality due to unhygienic milk sources (unclean containers and unpasteurized milk). Due to the volume of milk being processed and hand milking could not keep up with demand, dairy farms introduced milking machines in the late 1930's. The great increases in dairy herds from the average of 18 cows per heard in 1950's to 142 cows per herd in 1996 required milk tankers to pick up the regions milk supply. This bottle was so constructed to be easily moved within the milk processing plants from the delivery vats/holding tanks to the final corking/sealing of the bottles for eventual distribution. From 1958 the milk bottle slowly became phased out of production. At this point in time Melbourne was drawing 160,000 bottles per week from the two major glass bottle works companies, e.g. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co.Victoria was the major state supplier of cows milk in the history of Australian milk production from the early 1800's. The Kiewa Valley and its region was a major contributor to meet that demand. Each bottle was "branded" during manufacturing to show the contents (pasteurized milk) and where it originated from (region and supplier). This method of recycling the bottles back to specific dairy farms was a good control method but an uneconomical "on cost" which was replaced by the "throw away" less costly plastic and cardboard containers. Kiewa Valley dairy herds had marked bottles bearing "90/9", "6/18", "6/33", "6/35" and "6/36" Found under the house at 1 Beauty Ave., Mt BeautyThis heavy gauged glass milk bottle has a rim and a distinctive head at the top. This head has been manufactured to facilitate the movement of the bottled along the milk production line. The method of pouring milk into the bottle has been part of the "production line". This bottle has a one pint capacity and is made from "light green" coloured glass(a protection against light penetration). There are other milk bottles that do not have a "green" tint in them. This thick glass bottle to contain milk required its thickness because of the extensive handling before final consumption. Milk was delivered by the "milk man" direct to the homes of consumers. During this period delivery to homes in cities and towns was made initially by horse and cart and later by truck.On the bottom end of this bottle a circle within it "6/18" and next to this "MILK" and opposite "ONE PINT". Below this "THIS BOTTLE BELONGS TO MILK BOTTLE RECOVERY LTD" and below this "AND CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION" on the base "M" underneath this "4"glass bottles, commercial milk containers, domestic milk bottles, pasteurized milk bottles

This glass milk bottle was manufactured and used mid to late 1900's (1834 Victorian dairy industry was founded), until the time that cheaper containers were invented(plastic bottles and polyethylene plastic lined cardboard cartons). In 1909 the supply of pure bottled milk was required for babies to overcome infant mortality due to unhygienic milk sources (unclean containers and unpasteurized milk). Due to the volume of milk being processed and hand milking could not keep up with demand, dairy farms introduced milking machines in the late 1930's. The great increases in dairy herds from the average of 18 cows per heard in 1950's to 142 cows per herd in 1996 required milk tankers to pick up the regions milk supply. This bottle was so constructed to be easily moved within the milk processing plants from the delivery vats/holding tanks to the final corking/sealing of the bottles for eventual distribution. From 1958 the milk bottle slowly became phased out of production. At this point in time Melbourne was drawing 160,000 bottles per week from the two major glass bottle works companies, e.g. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co.Victoria was the major state supplier of cows milk in the history of Australian milk production from the early 1800's. The Kiewa Valley and its region was a major contributor to meet that demand. Each bottle was "branded" during manufacturing to show the contents (pasteurized milk) and where it originated from (region and supplier). This method of recycling the bottles back to specific dairy farms was a good control method but an uneconomical "on cost" which was replaced by the "throw away" less costly plastic and cardboard containers. Kiewa Valley dairy herds had marked bottles bearing "90/9", "6/18", "6/33", "6/35" and "6/36" Found under the house at 1 Beauty Ave., Mt BeautyThis heavy gauged glass milk bottle has a rim and a distinctive head at the top. This head has been manufactured to facilitate the movement of the bottled along the milk production line. The method of pouring milk into the bottle has been part of the "production line". This bottle has a one pint capacity and is made from "light green" coloured glass(a protection against light penetration). There are other milk bottles that do not have a "green" tint in them. This thick glass bottle, to contain milk, required its thickness because of the extensive handling (man and machine) before final consumption. Milk was delivered by the "milk man" direct to the homes of consumers. During this period delivery to homes in cities and towns was made initially by horse and cart and later by truck.On the bottom end of this bottle is a circle within it "6/35" and next to this "MILK" and opposite "ONE PINT". Below this "THIS BOTTLE BELONGS TO MILK BOTTLE RECOVERY LTD" and below this "AND CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION" on the base "M" underneath this "20"milk, dairy, glass bottle

This glass milk bottle was manufactured and used mid to late 1900's (1834 Victorian dairy industry was founded) up until the time that a cheaper container was invented(plastic bottles and polyethylene plastic lined cardboard cartons). In 1909 the supply of pure bottled milk was required for babies to overcome infant mortality due to unhygienic milk sources (unclean containers and unpasteurized milk). Due to the volume of milk being processed and hand milking could not keep up with demand, dairy farms introduced milking machines in the late 1930's. The great increases in dairy herds from the average of 18 cows per heard in 1950's to 142 cows per herd in 1996 required milk tankers to pick up the regions milk supply. This bottle was so constructed to be easily moved within the milk processing plants from the delivery vats/holding tanks to the final corking/sealing of the bottles for eventual distribution. From 1958 the milk bottle slowly became phased out of production. At this point in time Melbourne was drawing 160,000 bottles per week from the two major glass bottle works companies, e.g. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co.Victoria was the major state supplier of cows milk in the history of Australian milk production from the early 1800's. The Kiewa Valley and its region was a major contributor to meet that demand. Each bottle was "branded" during manufacturing to show the contents (pasteurized milk) and where it originated from (region and supplier). This method of recycling the bottles back to specific dairy farms was a good control method but an uneconomical "on cost" which was replaced by the "throw away" less costly plastic and cardboard containers. Kiewa Valley dairy herds had marked bottles bearing "90/9", "6/18", "6/33", "6/35" and "6/36" Found under the house at 1 Beauty Ave., Mt BeautyThis heavy gauged glass milk bottle has a rim and a distinctive head at the top. This head has been manufactured to facilitate the movement of the bottle along the milk production line. The method of pouring milk into the bottle has been part of the "production line". This bottle has a half pint capacity and is made from "clear" glass. There are other milk bottles that have a "green" tint in them and this tint was to protect the contents from sun damage. This thick glass bottle to contain milk required its thickness because of the extensive handling before final consumption. Milk was delivered by the "milk man" direct to the homes of consumers. During this period delivery to homes in cities and towns was made initially by horse and cart and later by truck.On the top half of this bottle is "MILK" and opposite "HALF PINT". Below this "THIS BOTTLE BELONGS TO MILK BOTTLE RECOVERY LTD" and below this "AND CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION" on the base is "2 M" underneath this "8/11" and underneath is "ISM -169"glass bottles, commercial milk containers, domestic milk bottles, pasteurized milk bottles

Bushells tea and coffee producers started in Brisbane(1883) and expanded to Sydney, Melbourne(1899), Fremantle and finally to Auckland(1937). Like other Pacific Island sourced condiments Tea and coffee were a lot easier to import than British or European goods. Local Australian industries were starting to develop and grow to overcome the long transportation times and the high costs of goods from traditional suppliers. Bushells Pty Ltd is a prime example.This "Bushells" Coffee tin is a good example of Australian "grown" condiment suppliers serving the "whole" of the Australian marketplace. Rural areas were not neglected and the purchase price for goods were a reasonable levels. Kiewa Valley experienced a population growth from the late 1940's and due to the migrant works in the Kiewa Hydro Scheme the greater use of coffee was initiated. Rural areas, on the whole, where the population was more connected to some degree with a British heritage lineage were predominately tea drinkers. The American film productions, however, screened in Australia post 1950's showing a greater degree of coffee drinking "stars" had a long term effect upon the drinking habits of the rural populous. This round tin of coffee with lid is made from pressed steel lid framed top and bottom. Sturdy cylindrical body is made of cardboard. Paper information label is pasted onto the container with promotional and logo information.In large print and on opposite sides are two manufacturers labels.The topprint and on a diagonal slant in gold letters on a dark blue background is "BUSHELLS" underneath this "PURE" and below this on a red background "COFFEE". On one side in smaller print "EASY TO MAKE" and below this "Use one dessert-spoonful for each cup of coffee desired. Place in the pot and pour over it fresh water briskly boiling. Let stand for five minutes, then strain". Below this "1 IB. net" and underneath is a signature "BUSHELLS" below this in small print "Pty. Ltd." Below this, in a vertical row are"SYDNEY MELBOURNE fREMANTLE AUCKLAND"coffee and tea processors and distributors, hot drink suppliers

The mid 1900's provided the start of "the body beautiful" revolution. The cosmetic industry, with the help of quasi scientific selling advertising slant targeted those "customers" that needed the "extra care" factor that only their product could offer. At this period in time their advertising power was based on in store, radio and newspaper media channels with saturation levels relatively low. In the later years of the 1900's saturation levels and a wider range of products and increased competition further increased the product saturation levels available to the buying residents. With the introduction of television the advertisements become more elaborate and "catchy" words, phrases and comedy type situations helped boost the advertising "pitch" and subliminal undertones to effective levels required for a highly competitive health related market place. 'sellingThis subliminally,"medically" endorsed product was one of many during the great "spin" revolution of product marketing and selling. This item is significant in that it demonstrates that greater infusion of product awareness throughout rural areas was highly successful through a greater variety of advertising media. It also demonstrates that in a highly competitive marketplace there are no physical boundaries that impinge upon the distribution of products and services. The rural sector is a highly lucrative region for any product that helps protect the body from all the "nasty's" that become more noticeable in a rural environment. This rectangular box which had contained cuticle soap is constructed from cardboard and reinforced by a black nylon impregnated sheeting. This impregnation was required to keep the box from soaking up any water from the user's hands. The top section of the box(lid) has and in large print "KELSEY'S" top line followed by "CUTICLE" off to the right and underneath and to the right "SOAP". Below this and in smaller print is "MEDICINALLY..." below this and in smaller print "EMOLLIENT AND REFRESHING, REDOLENT, CLEANSES, CURES, PRESERVES, PURIFIES." and last line underneath "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN" On each of the sides of the top lid are, side 1 "INVALUABLE FOR THE NURSERY." underneath in smaller print "JOHN M. KELSEY CO." to the left of this and on a green backed highlighter "No. 1744 - Guaranteed under Pure Food Act, 1908, N.S.W. by John M. Kelsey Co. - No. 1744. Melbourne, Victoria." On the right side and in large print "KELSEY'S CUTICLE SOAP" on the next side and also a similar sign on the opposite side "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN." below this "JOHN M. KELSEY CO." "Registered" and on the other long side in large print "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN" underneath in smaller print JOHN M. KELSEY CO. Registered"specialised soap, toilet requisites, nursery health., bathroom, domestic

This brand of starch was first manufactured in 1914, during the First World War, and continued to cover the other wars and military conflicts that followed. It was a time when Australian made was important due to the limited supplies coming from England and Europe. This was a period when the demand for "home grown" produce was at its peak. This was in a time when by necessity not by the "Buy Australian" campaign (of later years) which was the major factor for the demand of goods. It was in a time when starch was used in formal clothing to put a "crisp" or fresh new appearance for clothes. The important social more of "clothes make the person" was in vogue.This box which once contained starch powder is very significant to a rural semi isolated region because it clearly demonstrates that the social mores of the city were also entrenched into the rural population. The fashion of the day, even in remote areas, especially rural, were still a requirement to be maintained on certain special occasions. Cleanliness and stiff "upper lip" persona were just as important in the rural sector as in city and Government circles. Institutions such as hospitals, Government Offices and the legal personnel were bound by the fashion of the starch appearance (no dirt sticks to a personage with the "starch" look). Appearances, especially the first ones, were the judgmental image that remained in the uppermost regions of the viewer. This box with white writing and a "formally clad" man on a navy blue background held Australian grown maize based starch powder(1 LB gross). The package is made from 200 gsm thick cardboard. As production was made during the two World Wars 1914 to 1945 the promotion was heavily focused on Australian made and Australian grown maize.The same cover both front and back, "DANDY" below this a figure outlined in white on a navy blue background "hat and tails" outfit. Next to the sketch in smaller lettering" STRONGER THAN OTHER STARCHES. LESS REQUIRED". Below the figure "GLOSS" and below this in larger print "STARCH". Below this and in smaller print "CONTENTS. NETT WEIGHT 14 1/2 ozs" Below this and in smaller print "MANUFACTURED BY MAIZE PRODUCTS PTY LTD FOOTSCRAY VICTORIA" On one side of the box and in large white print on royal blue background"PURITY, STRENGTH AND UNIFORMITY." On the other side are the manufacturers directions. On the left side "FOR RAW STARCH" Underneath and in smaller print,"Dissolve in warm water a quantity to give the required thickness. Add bluing if required Stir before each using. On the right side "FOR BOILING STARCH" underneath this in small print"Mix well in small quantity of cold water to creamy consistency. Add boiling water, and stir constantly while cooking. Allow to cool, and add blueing if required. Underneath these two sets of instructions is "Make your consistency thinner than if using another kind of Starch"household starch, household cleaning, domestic laundering.

This childhood sketchbook of the 1918 era details the emphasis placed upon a skill of brushwork that portrayed part of the students natural environment both in Tasmanian schools and Victorian schools, especially rural schools. The close bondage between students and their environment was a reflection on the early "hands on" approach in child education. Abstract art or teaching aids which could not be identified with physical properties available to students at this period in time were of lesser value. The ability of the student to identify the artistic value of local nature eg. local plants and flowers was especial important to rural based school children who had limited excursion opportunities available to visit town/city based botanical gardens and museums. This brushwork book is very significant to the Kiewa Valley as it demonstrates that childhood relocations from one State to another were not detrimental to the students overall scholastic development. The rural environment in Tasmania was not that far removed from the rural environment of the Kiewa Valley. The skills taught in both regions were still the same and the socio-economic factors and mores were also similar. This item demonstrates the relocation of one family from Tasmania to the Kiewa Valley. The expansion in population into the Kiewa valley was quite erratic and significant population growth only came after the increase in population brought into the area by the SEC Vic Hydro Scheme introduced to quench the demand for Victoria's electricity.This book has a brown cover with black print and designs on a 150 gsm cardboard. Each page is of the same thickness as the cover but is of paper.On the outside cover and contained within a thick boarder. "EDUCATION DEPARTMENT" and below this in smaller print "TASMANIA" below this "THE TASMANIAN BRUSHWORK BOOK". Below this "FOR CLASSES IV., V., AND VI" Below this "NAME" SCHOOL" At the bottom 2 1/2d1918's educational sketchbook, 1918 children's sketchbook

These type of marking crayons have been in use from the 1800s onward to mark commercial and non commercial goods and articles that require waterproof and visual identification labels. Items such as bales of wool, tobacco tags, transportation tags(shipping, rail and road) and other "hard to mark" items that require information to be displayed by semi permanent waterproof signage. The crayons are also an advantage for young student art work.This particular box of leviathan crayons was in use by students in the Mount Beauty Primary School through the Victorian Education Supply Department. As the texture and adhesive/application qualities (soft medium and hard) allows students to be "creative" on various type of canvases. This type of application in schools is of a non commercial and simplistic art -form nature however more advanced students could present a commercial interest in a viable creative artistic venture. The major commercial and non educational uses are encompassed in a rural grazing and farming regions, of the Kiewa Valley and adjoining lands.The crayon box is made from cardboard and light buff colour. The box contains six "No.1" crayons, two of which have been used. Each crayon is wrapped with manufacturer's details on 180 gsm thick paper. The wrapper runs nearly 4/5 th of the entire length, leaving 1/5th open to display the colour of the crayon. The colours of the crayons are blue, purple, green, yellow, red and black. These crayons provide a waterproof writing, sketching and numbering method and are available in soft, medium and hard texture.Within a chain border and on two opposite sides of the box: "1 Dozen No.1", and below this and underlined "Leviathan Marking Crayons" and below this "Indispensable for all Marking and Checking purposes Waterproof and will not rub off", below this "SUPPLIED UNDER GUARANTEE"waterproof, freehand marking and artworks, school waterproof art, commercial identification marking of rural produce, school art, waterproof labelling

Years 1, 2-5 and Eirene Trinham at the park, Eltham Christian School, 1981 when the school operated out of the North Soccer clubrooms. From series of photographs from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour Photographeltham christian school, eirene trinham, class, students

Grade 1 - Peter Whalley and Christopher Field, Eltham Christian School, 1982 From series of photographs from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour Photographeltham christian school, nyora road, peter whalley, christopher field

Scott Taylor, Peter Whalley and Christopher Field (Yrs 1 and 2), Eltham Christian School, 1982 From series of photographs from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour Photographeltham christian school, nyora road, peter whalley, christopher field, students, classroom

Yrs 1-3; Susan Field (3), Scott Taylor (2), Darren Watts (3), Peter Whalley (1), Christopher Field (1), Eltham Christian School, 1982 From series of photographs from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour Photographeltham christian school, nyora road, students, susan field, scott taylor, darren watts, peter whaley, christopher field

Years 1-4, Eltham Christian School, 1982 Series of photographs from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour photographeltham christian school, nyora road

Prep/Grade 1; Natasha Watts, Cory Giesbrecht, Eltham Christian School, March 1983 The Stokes family settled in this area of Eltham in the 1940s and were associated with the Eltham Christian Church. In the 1970s this church had met in temporary premises in Eltham. Lots of the original 1920s subdivision remained south of Nyora Road and a number of these lots were utilized for the Eltham Christian School, which was established by the Eltham Christian Church in 1981. The school operated on this site until 2000. The premises were owned by the Nillumbik Community Church who were in operation till November 2010 when the Eltham Baptist Church commenced a lease arrangement until the site was purchased by them in April 2012. The building is constructed of brick and timber with a balcony on two sides that looks over an expanse of grass. Sources: STOKES ORCHARD – AN INCOMPLETE HISTORY February 28, 2015 http://www.elthamhistory.org.au/ Australian Christian Church Histories - Eltham Baptist Church http://www.churchhistories.net.au/church-catalog/eltham-vic-baptist/ From an album featuring a series of photographs (some cropped) from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour photographeltham christian school, nyora road, natasha watts, cory giesbrecht

Prep to Grade 2: Peter Whalley, David Prentice, Christopher Field at back (grade 2), Corey Giesbrecht (1) and Natasha Watts (Prep), Eltham Christian School, March 1983 The Stokes family settled in this area of Eltham in the 1940s and were associated with the Eltham Christian Church. In the 1970s this church had met in temporary premises in Eltham. Lots of the original 1920s subdivision remained south of Nyora Road and a number of these lots were utilized for the Eltham Christian School, which was established by the Eltham Christian Church in 1981. The school operated on this site until 2000. The premises were owned by the Nillumbik Community Church who were in operation till November 2010 when the Eltham Baptist Church commenced a lease arrangement until the site was purchased by them in April 2012. The building is constructed of brick and timber with a balcony on two sides that looks over an expanse of grass. Sources: STOKES ORCHARD – AN INCOMPLETE HISTORY February 28, 2015 http://www.elthamhistory.org.au/ Australian Christian Church Histories - Eltham Baptist Church http://www.churchhistories.net.au/church-catalog/eltham-vic-baptist/ From an album featuring a series of photographs (some cropped) from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.Colour photographeltham christian school, nyora road, peter whalley, david prentice, christopher field, corey giesbrecht

The 2nd Light Horse Regiment was raised at Enoggera in Queensland on 18 August 1914. Its recruits came mainly from Queensland but some hailed from the northern rivers district of New South Wales. The 2nd was one of three regiments of the 1st Light Horse Brigade – the first Australian mounted formation raised by Australia during the First World War. The regiment sailed from Brisbane on 25 September and disembarked in Egypt on 9 December. The 2nd Light Horse Regiment deployed to Gallipoli without its horses and landed there on 12 May 1915, joining the New Zealand and Australian Division. It played a defensive role for most of the campaign but did attack the Turkish trenches opposite Quinn’s Post, one of the most contested positions along the ANZAC Line. The first assault wave was mown down and fortunately the officer commanding the attack had the wisdom and courage to call it off. The 2nd was withdrawn from the front line in September and left the peninsula on 18 December. Back in Egypt, the 2nd Light Horse joined the ANZAC Mounted Division. Between January and May 1916, the regiment was deployed to protect the Nile valley from bands of pro-Turkish Senussi Arabs. On 18 May, as part of its parent brigade, it joined the forces defending the Suez Canal. The 1st Light Horse Brigade played a significant role in turning back the Turkish advance on the canal at the battle of Romani on 4 August. In ensuing days the regiments of the brigade participated in the immediate follow-up of the defeated Turks, but were soon withdrawn to rest. The 2nd Light Horse Regiment rejoined the Allied advance across the Sinai in November and was subsequently involved in the fighting to secure the Turkish outposts on the Palestine frontier – Maghdaba on 23 December 1916 and Rafa on 9 January 1917. A stint of protective duty along the line of communications through the Sinai followed. The 2nd’s next major engagement was the abortive second battle of Gaza on 19 April. Gaza finally fell on 7 November, after a wide outflanking move via Beersheba, in which the 1st Light Horse Brigade played a part. With the capture of Gaza, the Turkish position in southern Palestine collapsed. The 2nd Light Horse Regiment participated in the advance to Jaffa that followed, and was then committed to operations to clear and occupy the west bank of the Jordan River. It was involved in the Amman (24–27 February) and Es Salt (30 April–4 May) raids and the repulse of a major German and Turkish attack on 14 July 1918. The final British offensive of the campaign was launched along the Mediterranean coast on 19 September 1918, with the ANZAC Mounted Division taking part in a subsidiary effort east of the Jordan aimed at Amman. Turkey surrendered on 30 October 1918. The 2nd Light Horse Regiment sailed for Australia on 13 March 1919 without their horses, which were either shot or transferred to Indian cavalry units. Events in the daily routine of the soldier were signalled by bugle and trumpet calls. This trumpet is signicant because historically, it was issued to the 2nd Australian Light Horse Regiment in 1912. This Regiment served with distinction in Gallipoli and Palestine in World War 1. It is probable, but not confirmed, that tthe trumpet was used by the Regiment during these operations. Each light horse regiment was divided into four squadrons. Each squadron had a trumpeter sergeant, equipped with a cavalry trumpet, who was employed at the Squadron Headquarters Technically called a cavalry trumpet, this brass instrument can be described as a "simple trumpet" ie. the direct forerunner of the modern valve trumpet. It is in E flat not B flat as is the bugle. Both were carried slung over the player's body by means of green tasselled cords.Crest with inscription: "Exposition Universelle De Paris" with circular logo with inscribed "1900". "Hors Concours Membre De Jury". Logo formed of initials (not deciphered). "Couesnon Cie 94 Rue Dangouleme Paris". Bomb burst type logo with "01" in centre. "W H Paling & Co Ltd Sydney NSW Brisbane" On bell: "Mounted Rifles (2nd ALH)" trumpet, cavalry, musical instrument, 2nd light horse, mounted rifles

White ceramic shaving mug with floral picture on 1 side and with a handle at 1 end. Base is oval shape with 1 end slightly wider. Top has a wider end which is circular with 2 opposite sides, including the handle end, shorter. This circular end has an elevated base with 9 holes in the middle of each square made by a 'noughts and crosses' pattern - used for easy drainage. Beside the circular end is a small oval cup end which has a straight side in the middle beside the circular end and a curve on the outside end. It is deep and goes under the base of the circular end.On the base: '358'shaving, toiletries, personal item, bathroom, mug

Ada Higginson owned the biscuit forcers.Historical: Ada Higginson and her family are pioneers of the Kiewa Valley.Large: Solid cylinder wooden roller with 1 end a wooden knob glued on and other end flat. The metal hollow cylinder fits over the wooden cylinder and has a screw cap with a hole and rim at the flat end. (This enables the disc to fit in while the food is forced through by the wooden cylinder.) There are 6 decorator, metal discs each with a different hollow pattern in the middle. This plunger has a pointy nozzle that can be attached by screwing on. Small: the same but with 7 decorator discs. Both metal cylinders have a cap at the flat end with 2 clips to hold it on, but move when you screw the cap off.The small one has a handle that is part of the cylinder but its knob looks as though it has fallen off. Old Cigar Box: 13 Discs inside and a folded yellow paper with recipes - Gingernuts & Sagasco Biscuits, in brown print.Simpson's / "Pirie", "Universal" & "Enterprise" / Biscuit Forcers domestic, cooking, biscuits, decorating, baking, icing, ada higginson

Cordial came in bottles bought at the local grocery store or at a large city store on a shopping expedition. The shape of the bottles changed as did the stopper used to seal it. Bottles were re cycled remaining the property of the manufacturer. History of Brookes Lemos ltd.Historical: Change of Bottles - shape, glass, stopper, embossing. Bottle collectors. Aesthetic: Display showing embossing and shape Clear glass bottle curved on 1 side with criss cross pattern two thirds of the way up surrounding a clear oval shape with narrower ends top and bottom. The other side is made up of 3 flat 'pieces' each with print in capital letters, heavily embossed. On 1 of these flat sides below the writing is the 'outline picture' of a 'boy' holding a similar bottle. Above these sides the bottle becomes round and tapers with vertical embossing to a double lip, a neck and then another double lip with a screw for the top.Printed from top to bottom: 1 flat side: 'Regd Design No 9072 Australia No 8449 India / No 689933 Great Britain No / 1926 Union of South Africa / No 57737 U S America No 1921 New Zealand Regd 1925 Canada / Only Contents Sold'. Middle flat side: 'Brookes Lemos Limited / Manufacturers of / Lemos / Registered Trade Mark' Third flat side: 'This Bottle is the Property / Brookes Lemos Limited and / Cannot be Legally Used / By Others For Any Purpose.' Also outline picture of boy Base: 'F380'cordial, drink, bottle, brookes lemos ltd.

Sauce came in bottles bought at the local grocery store or at a large city store on a shopping expedition. The shape of the bottles changed. Bottles were re cycled remaining the property of the manufacturer. History of W. J. & F. Barnes, Pty. Ltd. Melbourne.Historical: Change of bottles - shape, glass, embossing, use Aesthetic: Display showing embossing and shape Clear glass medium sized bottle. The base is as wide as the top before it tapers into the neck and lip and then the screw top. From the base it tapers in before a very gradual taper to the broad part which is three quarters of the way up. The base is round but the sides have 4 wider 'panels' opposite each other. In between these are 2 smaller panels. Heavy embossing on 1 wider panel and base printed in capital letters.Side: vertically: 'This bottle is the Property of / W. J. & F. Barnes Pty Ltd. Melbourne' Base: Common Seal "A" with 'G' inside the top half and 'M' inside the lower half. Underneath the 'A' and across the middle is 'F1570' and below this is 'M'sauce, glass bottle, w. j. & f. barnes pty ltd melbourne, household

This bottle containing antiseptic and germicide was used by the State Electricity Commission workers on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme for applying first aid as they worked in remote country. Historical: Shows the development of medicine used in first aid. Provenance: Used by the S.E.C. workers in remote areas of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme.Small brown glass bottle sealed with a broken cork and has a yellow label with red writing on the front. On the back is embossed 'Poison' with each side embossed with small crosses in 3 rows - to indicate / emphasise it's poison. The bottle has 3 sides of a rectangle with the fourth side including 3 more sides. Two sides on an angle and attached to the back. Embossing on the base.Front - label: Includes - State Electricity Commission / of Victoria / 'Proflavine Lotion / 1 - 1000 / A Powerul Antiseptic / and Germicide / Poison' / - an effective First Aid Dressing / apply freely on gauze, cover with / absorbent cotton and bandage.' Back: 'Poison' with 3 rows of 'x' on either side. Base: 'Common Seal 4 / M452 / M' medical, state electricity commission of victoria, first aid, proflavine lotion, poison

This bottle was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950's specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Clear glass Baby's Feeding Formula bottle with a gauge on 2 faces - 1 with mls and 1 with ounces. The bottle holds 240 ml and 8 ounces. The third side also has heavy embossing as has the base. The base is rectangular with curved corners. The sides are straight with a gradual taper to a narrow neck which has a heavy lip on it (for the teat).Front: At the top 240 ml, 200, 150, 100, 50 with horizontal lines marking every 10 ml. downwards. Side: 8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. with a horizontal line in between each number and 'ounces' along side of this gauge. Other side: 'Agee /Pyrex / Feeder' (cursive writing with word in middle printed) Base: Common Seal / IS 998 / 7baby's feeding bottle, formula bottle, hospital

This medical / hospital instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950's specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment. Good condition and good interpretation capacityA clear plastic bag with 1. Stainless steel syringe (cylinder) with 2 rings at one end and a small opening at the other. 2. a 3 pronged instrument 2 prongs are handles that squeeze together - the third is curved and attached to one side of the handle. 3. golden coloured curved instrument in the shape of a hollow rectangle with thin attachments at each end. The plastic bag has 'Broken' hand written in red at the top.ear syringe, medical, hospital, tawonga district hospital

This meter belonged to the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. This meter measured the power used by all the houses in Mount Beauty and provided an inked one month period chart. This information was used to quantify and pay for the power consumption to the Transmission and Generating Department from the Distribution Department which then went on to bill local consumers.The State Electricity Commission of Victoria constructed the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme from the late 1930's to the 1960's. The construction towns of Bogong and Mt Beauty used electricity which was measured by this meter resulting in billing customers for the power they used.Black box with black painted wooden frame top and bottom screwed on holding clear glass at the front so that the instruments can be seen. A metal cylinder is at the bottom of the instruments with a connecting rod to the 7 digit meter in the middle of the instrument panel. In the middle of each end of the front of the box are 2 screws with knobs wound on. 22KV. BK. summation Chart 0-1 x 100,000state electricity commission of victoria. meter. transformer summation. kiewa hydro scheme. mt beauty. power. electricity.

Differing gauges of transmission line was/is used in the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. Some carried 330KV, 220KV, 66KV (Mount Beauty to Bright) and (Clover to Mount Beauty) and 22KV. All the cables have a core of steel for strength and an aluminium outer layer for transmission. Examples include 66KV copper cable, copper earth wire from the towers, copper cable found along the aqueducts for telemetering and copper earth wire. The 24 Volt Communication cables were/are used for linking different sites on remote SEC equipment.The State Electricity Commission of Victoria constructed the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme during the late 1930's to 1960's. A wooden board with samples of differing gauges of transmission cables used for the transmission of power and 24 volt communication cables used for communication linking different sites on remote S.E.C. equipment. The cables No.s 1 to 9 have a core of steel for strength and an aluminium outer layer for transmission. The copper cables No.s 10 - 14 are used for earthing and are in the ground as copper doesn't rust or corrode (steel does). Copper is three times heavier (dense) than aluminium. Each of the outside aluminium wires are wound in the opposite direction so that when the cable is stretched under load, they tighten.state electricity commission of victoria. kiewa hydro electric scheme. cable. communication. transmission. telemetering. power. electricity.

Radio Telephone: Minuted during the war. It was approved in 1944 for State Electricity Commission of Victoria use only. It was completed by the end of 1946. Used by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria at Bogong during the construction of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme to connect with head office in Melbourne. It allows one conversation at a time using traffic controls in an unusual system of radio telephone providing communication. At the time it was unique in Australia and installed by the S.E.C.V. technicians. It provided an unattended shortwave radio link between two ordinary telephone switchboards, connecting any of the S.E.C.V.'s internal lines with the telephone system at Bogong and the construction camps beyond. From Bogong, radio phones connect to the outpost stations on the High Plains far above the snow-line. In operation, the service is similar to a normal telephone system but dispenses with the physical connection of wires and poles between the main terminals.Historical: This type of headphone was used by operators on the switchboards at Bogong, Mt Beauty or on one of the construction camps on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. The S.E.C.V. installed this unique system of communication to operate their branches especially at Bogong and beyond where the distance was great and often limited by the weather and terrain.Used for a transmitter radio or Radio Telephone as installed by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria 2 round ear pieces. Outside of each ear piece has the brand inscribed, 4 screws and 1 small piece of metal. The metal has 2 screws attaching the the cord that goes to the 'switchboard'. On opposite edges of the earpieces is a thick metal piece that curves up to which the curved metal headpiece is attached and therefore connecting the earpieces. Each earpiece has a cord hanging from the small metal piece of earphone. This cord joins and then continues as one to the end where there are 2 metal pins coming out of the soft cover.'C-LR ST & C of Sydney'radio telephone. ear phones. headphones. communications. state electricity commission of victoria. kiewa hydro electric scheme. bogong. switchboards.

Typewriters pre date computers and were used by office workers eg. Secretaries for documents and letter writing. An inked tape was hit by the keys as it moved along which resulted in their imprint being copied onto paper. Multiple copies were made by inserting carbon paper between sheets of paper. The original was easily identified.Used in the Kiewa Valley.Large, heavy, hard plastic two toned grey typewriter. The keys board includes symbols for inches, pounds, dollars, cents and fractions. The margins and size of paper measurements are in inches.The keyboard slopes up to a vertical plane. On top the area is flat where there is a small gap which exposes the metal keys. The cylinder that holds and enables the paper to be moved is long with controls at each end and a large lever that returns the cylinder to the left. Behind the cylinder there is a compartment. The keys hit an inked tape (black or red and black) which forms an impression onto the paper. Mechanisms, using the correct buttons, enable margins etc. to be pre set. This typewriter sits 3 cm high from a base. Vinyl deep red/black cover sits on top covering top and sides to protect the typewriter from dust. It is homemade with 2 sides attached to 1 long piece.Front top left: "Royal" Back top right "Made in England" Back silver paper sticker on top left "For Supplies and Service / Business Equipment Pty Ltd typewriter. royal. office. secretary. writing. business equipment.