Statue of Ruth is a religious reference to the harvest and to the importance of motherhood. Ruth was sculpted by Charles Summers a central figure in Australian art from the mid 19th Century. Summers was a founder of the Victorian Society of Fine Arts in 1856 and in 1863 he became a member of the commission of inquiry into the promotion of the fine arts in Victoria. He created many portraits and busts and is known for his bronze depiction of Burke and Wills in MelbourneThe sculpture is of historic and aesthetic significance to the people of BallaratMarble sculptural depiction of the biblical figure RuthPresented to the City of Ballaarat by the following citizens./ H F Elliot Mayor/ The Hon E Morey MLC/ Cr C B Retallack/ Cr J Heinz/ Cr C C Shoppee/ J N Wilson/ T Stoddart/ ruth, harvest

Tatura Fire Brigade's First Motor Unit|Back : N. Mitchell, E. Francis, B; Ough, M. Brady, CJ Mitchell, T. Layton, T Hogan, K. Williams, - Anderson, R Dick, D Anderson,. In Driver's seat: W. Martin. R Barron. Front : J.Whelpdale, J. Brady, M. Prichard, E Mitchell.

The new Warrnambool Methodist Church was opened on 1st April 1939. The Church complex was designed by Messrs A.S. and R.A. Eggleston and built by J.D.E. and T. Walter. It comprised a church seating 430 people, an assembly hall seating 300, kindergarten and primary classrooms. The three ministers present in the photograph were: Rev B. Wylie (Hamilton), Rev N. Secombe (President of Conference), Rev N. Kemp (Warrnambool)B & W photo of the Trustees and 3 ministers at the opening of the new Warrnambool Methodist Church in 1939. Mounted on folded card. Men identified on the inside of the card.warrnambool methodist church, trustees, rev. b. wylie, rev. n. secombe, rev n. kemp, a.s. eggleston, r.a. eggleston

The Wandiligong Methodist Church was opened on Easter Sunday 1878. It was built next to the original timber church (c.1850s) which continued to be used as a hall and vestry. Contractors were Mr T. Kaighin Snr, and Messrs. Parkhill and Gillard. Mr T. Kaighin Snr also acted as architect.B & W exterior view of the Wandiligong Methodist Church and Hall. Postcard format.wandiligong, wesleyan methodist, , t. kaighin snr, parkhill, gillard

We don?t leave our identities at the city limits: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in urban localities Bronwyn Fredericks Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who live in cities and towns are often thought of as ?less Indigenous? than those who live ?in the bush?, as though they are ?fake? Aboriginal people ? while ?real? Aboriginal people live ?on communities? and ?real? Torres Strait Islander people live ?on islands?. Yet more than 70 percent of Australia?s Indigenous peoples live in urban locations (ABS 2007), and urban living is just as much part of a reality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people as living in remote discrete communities. This paper examines the contradictions and struggles that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience when living in urban environments. It looks at the symbols of place and space on display in the Australian cities of Melbourne and Brisbane to demonstrate how prevailing social, political and economic values are displayed. Symbols of place and space are never neutral, and this paper argues that they can either marginalise and oppress urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, or demonstrate that they are included and engaged. Juggling with pronouns: Racist discourse in spoken interaction on the radio Di Roy While the discourse of deficit with regard to Australian Indigenous health and wellbeing has been well documented in print media and through images on film and on television, radio talk concerning this discourse remains underresearched. This paper interrogates the power of an interactive news interview, aired on the Radio National Breakfast program on ABC Radio in 2011, to maintain and reproduce the discourse of deficit, despite the best intentions of the interview participants. Using a conversation-analytical approach, and membership categorisation analysis in particular, this paper interrogates the spoken interaction between a well-known radio interviewer and a respected medical researcher into Indigenous eye health. It demonstrates the recreation of a discourse emanating from longstanding hegemonies between mainstream and Indigenous Australians. Analysis of firstperson pronoun use shows the ongoing negotiation of social category boundaries and construction of moral identities through ascriptions to category members, upon which the intelligibility of the interview for the listening audience depended. The findings from analysis support claims in a considerable body of whiteness studies literature, the main themes of which include the pervasiveness of a racist discourse in Australian media and society, the power of invisible assumptions, and the importance of naming and exposing them. Changes in Pitjantjatjara mourning and burial practices Bill Edwards, University of South Australia This paper is based on observations over a period of more than five decades of changes in Pitjantjatjara burial practices from traditional practices to the introduction of Christian services and cemeteries. Missions have been criticised for enforcing such changes. However, in this instance, the changes were implemented by the Aboriginal people themselves. Following brief outlines of Pitjantjatjara traditional life, including burial practices, and of the establishment of Ernabella Mission in 1937 and its policy of respect for Pitjantjatjara cultural practices and language, the history of these changes which commenced in 1973 are recorded. Previously, deceased bodies were interred according to traditional rites. However, as these practices were increasingly at odds with some of the features of contemporary social, economic and political life, two men who had lost close family members initiated church funeral services and established a cemetery. These practices soon spread to most Pitjantjatjara communities in a manner which illustrates the model of change outlined by Everett Rogers (1962) in Diffusion of Innovations. Reference is made to four more recent funerals to show how these events have been elaborated and have become major social occasions. The world from Malarrak: Depictions of South-east Asian and European subjects in rock art from the Wellington Range, Australia Sally K May, Paul SC Ta�on, Alistair Paterson, Meg Travers This paper investigates contact histories in northern Australia through an analysis of recent rock paintings. Around Australia Aboriginal artists have produced a unique record of their experiences of contact since the earliest encounters with South-east Asian and, later, European visitors and settlers. This rock art archive provides irreplaceable contemporary accounts of Aboriginal attitudes towards, and engagement with, foreigners on their shores. Since 2008 our team has been working to document contact period rock art in north-western and western Arnhem Land. This paper focuses on findings from a site complex known as Malarrak. It includes the most thorough analysis of contact rock art yet undertaken in this area and questions previous interpretations of subject matter and the relationship of particular paintings to historic events. Contact period rock art from Malarrak presents us with an illustrated history of international relationships in this isolated part of the world. It not only reflects the material changes brought about by outside cultural groups but also highlights the active role Aboriginal communities took in responding to these circumstances. Addressing the Arrernte: FJ Gillen?s 1896 Engwura speech Jason Gibson, Australian National University This paper analyses a speech delivered by Francis James Gillen during the opening stages of what is now regarded as one of the most significant ethnographic recording events in Australian history. Gillen?s ?speech? at the 1896 Engwura festival provides a unique insight into the complex personal relationships that early anthropologists had with Aboriginal people. This recently unearthed text, recorded by Walter Baldwin Spencer in his field notebook, demonstrates how Gillen and Spencer sought to establish the parameters of their anthropological enquiry in ways that involved both Arrernte agency and kinship while at the same time invoking the hierarchies of colonial anthropology in Australia. By examining the content of the speech, as it was written down by Spencer, we are also able to reassesses the importance of Gillen to the ethnographic ambitions of the Spencer/Gillen collaboration. The incorporation of fundamental Arrernte concepts and the use of Arrernte words to convey the purpose of their 1896 fieldwork suggest a degree of Arrernte involvement and consent not revealed before. The paper concludes with a discussion of the outcomes of the Engwura festival and the subsequent publication of The Native Tribes of Central Australia within the context of a broader set of relationships that helped to define the emergent field of Australian anthropology at the close of the nineteenth century. One size doesn?t fit all: Experiences of family members of Indigenous gamblers Louise Holdsworth, Helen Breen, Nerilee Hing and Ashley Gordon Centre for Gambling Education and Research, Southern Cross University This study explores help-seeking and help-provision by family members of Indigenous people experiencing gambling problems, a topic that previously has been ignored. Data are analysed from face-to-face interviews with 11 family members of Indigenous Australians who gamble regularly. The results confirm that substantial barriers are faced by Indigenous Australians in accessing formal help services and programs, whether for themselves or a loved one. Informal help from family and friends appears more common. In this study, this informal help includes emotional care, practical support and various forms of ?tough love?. However, these measures are mostly in vain. Participants emphasise that ?one size doesn?t fit all? when it comes to avenues of gambling help for Indigenous peoples. Efforts are needed to identify how Indigenous families and extended families can best provide social and practical support to assist their loved ones to acknowledge and address gambling problems. Western Australia?s Aboriginal heritage regime: Critiques of culture, ethnography, procedure and political economy Nicholas Herriman, La Trobe University Western Australia?s Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA) and the de facto arrangements that have arisen from it constitute a large part of the Aboriginal ?heritage regime? in that state. Although designed ostensibly to protect Aboriginal heritage, the heritage regime has been subjected to various scholarly critiques. Indeed, there is a widespread perception of a need to reform the Act. But on what basis could this proceed? Here I offer an analysis of these critiques, grouped according to their focus on political economy, procedure, ethnography and culture. I outline problems surrounding the first three criticisms and then discuss two versions of the cultural critique. I argue that an extreme version of this criticism is weak and inconsistent with the other three critiques. I conclude that there is room for optimism by pointing to ways in which the heritage regime could provide more beneficial outcomes for Aboriginal people. Read With Me Everyday: Community engagement and English literacy outcomes at Erambie Mission (research report) Lawrence Bamblett Since 2009 Lawrie Bamblett has been working with his community at Erambie Mission on a literacy project called Read With Me. The programs - three have been carried out over the past four years - encourage parents to actively engage with their children?s learning through reading workshops, social media, and the writing and publication of their own stories. Lawrie attributes much of the project?s extraordinary success to the intrinsic character of the Erambie community, not least of which is their communal approach to living and sense of shared responsibility. The forgotten Yuendumu Men?s Museum murals: Shedding new light on the progenitors of the Western Desert Art Movement (research report) Bethune Carmichael and Apolline Kohen In the history of the Western Desert Art Movement, the Papunya School murals are widely acclaimed as the movement?s progenitors. However, in another community, Yuendumu, some 150 kilometres from Papunya, a seminal museum project took place prior to the completion of the Papunya School murals and the production of the first Papunya boards. The Warlpiri men at Yuendumu undertook a ground-breaking project between 1969 and 1971 to build a men?s museum that would not only house ceremonial and traditional artefacts but would also be adorned with murals depicting the Dreamings of each of the Warlpiri groups that had recently settled at Yuendumu. While the murals at Papunya are lost, those at Yuendumu have, against all odds, survived. Having been all but forgotten, this unprecedented cultural and artistic endeavour is only now being fully appreciated. Through the story of the genesis and construction of the Yuendumu Men?s Museum and its extensive murals, this paper demonstrates that the Yuendumu murals significantly contributed to the early development of the Western Desert Art Movement. It is time to acknowledge the role of Warlpiri artists in the history of the movement.b&w photographs, colour photographsracism, media, radio, pitjantjatjara, malarrak, wellington range, rock art, arrernte, fj gillen, engwura, indigenous gambling, ethnography, literacy, erambie mission, yuendumu mens museum, western desert art movement

This book is devoted to the contact history of a hunting and gathering people where they themselves tell the stories in their own languages. Presented as transcriptions of the original stories in Language in facsimile with introductions, gloss and translations by the transcribers. Contains stories by B. Kerwin, R. Moses, H.P. Kulambunt. B. Roberts, M.M. Irinjili D. Harris, J.S. Karntin, C.G. Wurramarrba, Barrengwa, B. Murray, W. Clegg, S. Day, T. Ejai, A. Baranga, I. Joshua, B. Clarmont and C. Omeenyo, H. Goetz, A. Coulthard, J. Boxer; (Lalarin), B.A. Sommer, J. Jack, E. Kennedy, L.J. Kyngayari, V. Lingiari, J.C. Maliwanga and J. Flinders, separately annotated.maps, b&w photographs, word listsyandruwandha, innamicka, nicholson river, djaru, wawarl, western dialect, murinypata, alawa, mission, wangganguru, ngiyambaa, cobar, cape keerweer, wik-ngatharra, macassar, anindilyakwa, dhirari, afghan, chinaman, wagaya, wemba wemba, bilikin brothers, bardi, ngarinjin, massacres, hodgson downs, warndarang, mindiri, wangganguru, old paddy, umpila, native police, gugu-badhun, boninb, atynyamatana, constable mcleay, bowman, oykangand, kukatj, roper creole, paradise, dhirari, fanny brown, wave hill strike, gurindji, vincent lingiari, mainoru station, rembarrnga, land rights, flinders island

Part of original kit produced by a Primary and Senior Secondary School in Western Australia dealing with communication, language and Aboriginal History. Video 1. Moving Into Other Worlds Video 2. Two Way Learning and Two Kinds of Power Video 3. Now You See It, Now You Don?t Video 4. A Shared World of Communicationb&w illustrations, colour illustrations, b&w photographs, colour photographs, DVDaboriginal education, aboriginal english, cultural awareness, school curriculum, language and literacy, bilingualism, two way learning

Contents: I Starting from Zero 1.Miami Myaamiaataweenki Oowaaha: `Miami Spoken Here' /? Jarrid Baldwin 2.Wampanoag How Did This Happen to my Language? /? Jessie Little Doe Baird pt. II Learning from the Elders 3.Karuk Karuk Language and the Albers Basket /? Elaina (Supahan) Albers 4.Yuchi Family Language without a Language Family /? Renee T. Grounds pt. III Families and Communities Working Together 5.Mohawk Our Kanien'keha Language /? Theodore Peters 6.Maori My Language Story /? Hana O'Regan 7.Hawaiian E Paepae Hou 'Ia Ka Pohaku: Reset the Stones of the Hawaiian House Platform /? Kauanoe Kamana 8.Anishinaabemowin Language, Family, and Community /? Margaret Noori 9.Irish Belfast's Neo-Gaeltacht /? Aodan Mac Poilin pt. IV Variations on a Theme 10.Kypriaka Making Choices, Enriching Life /? Aliosha Bielenberg Pittaka 11.Warlpiri About Dad /? Ezra Hale Contents note continued: pt. V Family Language-Learning Programs 12.Kawaiisu The Kawaiisu Language at Home Program /? Julie Turner 13.Scottish Gaelic Taic/?CNSA and Scottish Gaelic /? Finlay M. Macleoid Conclusion 14.Bringing Your Language into Your Own Home /? Leanne Hinton.B&w illustrations, b&w photographs, word listswarlpiri, language revival, language maintenance, language education

Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 65, Part 4, April 1967, cover: Mr. E.T. Beruldsen, retiring Chief, Division of Agricultural Education, shares a look at the prize book with dale Moon, 1966 dux, College of Horticulture, Burnley. Messrs. W. B. Miller, Deputy Director of Agriculture (left) and T. A. (sic) Kneen, Principal look on. Article by R.J. Cantrill: The Flower Garden, Colours in Autumn pp170-173.r.j. cantrill, journal of agriculture

duboring, c., whewell, j., catford, h., cook, ro, moore, h., heyward, g., quick, w., davies, e., lelean, w. d., hart, richard, bath, h., watsford, j., blamins, w. l., symon, j. c., waugh, j. s., bullas, m., cope, j., annear, d., burridge, w., marsland, j. a., pennell, j., burns, e. b., fison, l., fitchett, w., williams, s., edwards, b., worth, w. s., nicholson, j., allen, j., simpson, j., bickford, j., bogle, a., rigg, a., binks, w., patchell, g., burgess, h. t., james, t., wells, w. p., read, j., newman, c. t., lee, g., edmeades, t., llyod, t.

Ordained 1865. B: 1841 South Australia; D: 1911 Rookwood NSW. President S.A. Conference 1885 (but spelled as Newnham in the Ministerial Index).B & W head and shoulders etching of the Rev. Charles T. Newman.Rev. C.T. Newman, Adelaide. Published by request of the South Australian Book Company. Engraved by R. Rapkin from a photograph by Hammer & Co.newman, charles t., methodist minister, president of conference

Born 22/1/1870; died 23/9/1958. Ordained Maldon 1909. Ministry at Northcote, Maldon, Kyneton, Hampton, Subiaco (WA), Secretary Congregational Union of Western Australia; Armadale Mission (WA) and Claremont (concluded 1948). Son of Rev. Samuel Bryant with whom he shared ministry at Hampton 1917–1918.B & W head and shoulders studio portrait of the Rev Thomas Otto Bryant. Mounted on buff card."The Rev T. O. Bryant, 1918 - 1923". Verso: "Hampton Congregational Church"rev thomas otto bryant, rev samuel bryant, hampton congregational church, minister

Martha Holden (1866 - 1935) was the wife of the Rev Albert Thomas Holden CBE V.D., B.A., D.D. Director of the Methodist Inland Missions, Chaplain-General of the A.I.F. and President-General of the Methodist Conference of Australasia.B & W head and shoulders studio portrait of Mrs Martha Holden.martha holden, rev albert t. holden, methodist inland missions, president-general methodist conference of australasia, martha holden, rev albert t. holden, methodist inland missions, president-general methodist conference of australasia, chaplain general a.i.f

Mrs Mary Holden (1843 - 1930) was the mother of the Rev Albert Thomas Holden CBE V.D., B.A., D.D. Director of the Methodist Inland Missions, Chaplain-General of the A.I.F. and President-General of the Methodist Conference of Australasia. She was the mother-in-law of the Rev. Samuel HobanB & W composite photo of the Young Men's Class at Ashby Methodist Sunday School in Wellington Street, comprising 30 oval head and shoulders photos of the young men, and 1 rectangular head and shoulders photo of their teacher, Mrs T. Holden."Wellington Street Methodist Sunday School Young Men's Class. Presented to Mrs T. Holden as a slight token of esteem and respect from the members of her class. March 1908. P. Buchanan,N. Buchanan, L. Pash, T. Cortous, C. Walter, B. Palmer, S. Dorling, W. Hancock, N. Potter, E. Thomas, E. Potter, H. Reeves, R. McCann, H. Gallagher, P. Baxter, L. Viccars, F. Walker, F. Wynn, E. Whitton, J. Thomson, A. Sykes, W. Gallagher, G. Littleton, A. Wilson, N. Johnston, H. Viccars, H. Bell, C. Cortous, C. Bond, L. Muir, R. Thomson, H. Johnston.mary holden, rev albert thomas holden, rev samuel hoban, ashby methodist, sunday school

C & B = Cantebury & BalwynSliver plated communion set consisting of: S07.1 Communion Flagon; S07.2 Chalice; S07.3 Calice.S007.1 C & B 'Congegrational Church presented by Mrs M. T. Shierlaw 1891'. 'IHS'. S007.2 and S007.3 'C & B Congregational Church'.'IHS.'c & b congregational church, cantebury & balwyn congregational church

This photo taken before a detachment from the Sunbury Battery left for England to participate in the Military Tournament in May 1893.B/W framed photo 13 men (in uniform) of the Sunbury Battery in May 1893. Photo unframed, mounted on cardboard with a paper-like frame pasted on surround.(written in ink) OUR BOYS AT HOME / in May 1893 Driver Wallace, Gunner Breen, Gunner Harrison, Major F. C. Hughes, Driver W. Paterson, Driver Ryan, / Sergt. Looney. Driver T. Paterson, Lieut. C. G. Ryan, Corp. MacKinnon, Sergt. Shannon. Corp. Nicholson, Sergt. Shields / The Detachment from Sunbury Battery now on the way to England to participate in the Military Tourament.rupertswood, battery, breen, - (gunner), wallace, - (driver), harrison, hughes, f. c. (major), paterson, w. (driver), ryan, looney, - (sgt), t. (driver), mackinnon, - (driver) (corp), c. g. (lieut), shannon, nicholson, - (corp), shields, military, england, armed forces, 1890s, uniforms, clothing and dress, george evans collection

Private of 1st AIF c1917A b/w post card portrait of soldier Jack Beven.Handwritten on front: Jack Burns Printed on back: T. Humphrey and Co., Collins St.burns, jack, humphrey, t., photographers, t. humphrey and company, soldiers, portraits, armed forces, uniforms, clothing and dress, beven, george evans collection

Field Artillery 1st AIFA b/w postcard size full portrait of Corporal R. T. Naughton at ease with hand behind back.Typewritten on front: CORPORAL R.T. NAUGHTON Printed on back: POST CARD YEOMAN & CO (FRED MEYER) SYDNEY ROAD, BRUNSWICK Handwritten on back: LANCE CORPORAL R.T. NAUGHTON / WITH JAS. NAUGHTON'S COMPLIMENTS / TO MR ARTHUR BOARDMANyeoman and company, photographers, meyer, fred, naughton, r. t. (corporal), james, soldiers, uniforms, clothing and dress, armed forces, george evans collection

PREMIERSHIP 1958 .1 BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPH OF CLUNES FOOTBALL TEAM. PREMIERS CLUNES FOOTBALL LEAGUE 1958 MOUNTED ON CARDBOARD .2 COPY OF PHOTOGRAPHPRINTED UNDER THE BLACK AND WHITE PHOTO; BACK ROW - W HUDSON, D COULTON, D FINNIS, N MILLGATE, J CLARKE, W JONES, R MILLGATE, D PEARSE, T FRASER, T COON, K SENOY, J MCLENNAN, J HIGGINS, I MAHER MIDDLE ROW - E STEART, J MITCHELL, R JONES, K STEART, R ANDREWS, I LEISCHMAN, F COLLINS, B BELL, R FLYNN, R FAWCETT, K OULTEN, A STEART, K RIDLEY FRONT ROW - B ANDREWS, G MCLENNAN, R DOLAN, L QUINTON local history, photographs, sport, football

PHOTOGRAPH KEPT AT CLUNES FOOTBALL CLUB.1 Black and white photograph mounted on buff coloured cardboard of players and officials of the Clunes Junior Football Club .2 & .3 Black and white copies of the above photograph .4 PHOTOGRAPH OF .1 On Front; Printed in black ink "Clunes Junior Football Club Premiers, Season 1932" Names of players and officials printed in black ink; Back - T Nelson, A Jones, S Duncan, W Jones, J Williams, R Steart, H Annear Centre - J Puniard, F Sampson, K Strain, M Mitchell, E Carter, S Thomas, J Hannan, J Heffernan, J Pascoe Front - B Nelson, G Whitnall, G Rickard, H Carter, W Fawcell, L Thomas, C Drife, C Carter Sitting - T Annear, H Rickard, H Annear photographs, football, football club 1930